Previous studies have investigated the boron isotopic composition of salt lake brines in the Qaidam Basin,western China.However,the research on boron isotopic composition of halite is very limited due to halite’s low
A 51.85 m firn core drilled in Princess Elizabeth Land, Antarctica, during the 1996-1997 Chinese First Antarctic Inland Expedition, has been measured for δ 18 O and major ions. Based on the high quality data ...A 51.85 m firn core drilled in Princess Elizabeth Land, Antarctica, during the 1996-1997 Chinese First Antarctic Inland Expedition, has been measured for δ 18 O and major ions. Based on the high quality data of the seasonal variations of major ions, the firn core was dated with errors within ±3 years. The 51.85 m firn core record extends for 251 years (A. D. 1745-1996). The results of the glaciochemistry data of the firn core show that the mean concentrations of Cl -, Na + and Mg 2+ are similar to those reported from other coastal areas in East Antarctica. However, mean concentrations of Ca 2+ are much higher than those reported from other regions, this anomaly phenomenon may be related to the strong local terrestrial sources. It is found that the variations of three kinds of sea salt ions (Cl -, Na + and Mg 2+ ) in the past 150 years show very similarly rising trends, which may be the results the Southern Hemisphere warming in the past century.展开更多
Fast reactors based on thorium fuel have enhanced inherent safety. Fluoride salt performs well as a coolant in high-temperature nuclear systems. In this paper,we present a reference core for a large fluoride-salt-cool...Fast reactors based on thorium fuel have enhanced inherent safety. Fluoride salt performs well as a coolant in high-temperature nuclear systems. In this paper,we present a reference core for a large fluoride-salt-cooled solid-fuel fast reactor(LSFR) using thorium–uranium fuel cycle. Neutronics physics of the LSFR reference core is investigated with 2D and 3D in-core fuel management strategy. The design parameters analyzed include the fuel volume fraction, power density level and continuous removal of fission products with 3D fuel shuffling that obtains better equilibrium core performance than 2D shuffling. A self-sustained core is achieved for all cases,and the core of 60% fuel volume fraction at 50 MW/m^3 power density is of the best breeding performance(average breeding ratio 1.134). The LSFR core based on thorium fuel is advantageous in its high discharge burn-up of 20–30% fissions per initial heavy metal atom, small reactivity swing over the whole lifetime(to simplify the reactivity control system), the negative reactivity temperature coefficient(intrinsically safe for all cases) and accepted cladding peak radiation damage. The LSFR reactor is a good alternative option for the deployment of a self-sustained thorium-based nuclear system.展开更多
When treated in pressure die casting processes the semi-solid aluminum alloys demand resilient cores which can bear the stress occurring during filling and the final pressure phase.The design of permanent cores is hig...When treated in pressure die casting processes the semi-solid aluminum alloys demand resilient cores which can bear the stress occurring during filling and the final pressure phase.The design of permanent cores is highly restricted in order to maintain removability.Lost cores provide the possibility of complex,undercut geometrical shapes which is mandatory for a variety of casting components.However,eligible materials which show appropriate resilience and proper decomposition properties at the same time,and in the upper echelon of cost-effectiveness,are seldom known.With the semi-solid process suited between HPDC and GDC regarding the core stress,several common and economically efficient lost core systems could be used.A selection of potentially suitable materials was identified and tested.The range of testing comprises widespread sand core-systems(amin-pur-coldbox and CO2-water-glass) as well as materials less commonly used,namely salt,plastic and zinc.Different types of conditioning are applied to enhance the surface properties.The mechanical properties of the sand cores are enhanced by different heat treatment methods during curing.The cores are tested producing a research component cast on a HPDC machine with semi-solid A356 slurry fabricated in the cooling channel process.The cast component was analyzed regarding shape stability,core removability and surface as well as the structure quality.The results show the importance of the surface conditioning for the sand-cores while salt and zinc produce good parts comparable to the reference steel core quality.展开更多
堆芯应急排盐系统作为熔盐堆特有的安全系统,具有排盐和余热排出功能,为熔盐堆提供了一种紧急停堆方式。为定量化分析堆芯应急排盐系统的可靠性,以美国橡树岭实验室的熔盐实验堆(Molten Salt Reactor Experiment,MSRE)为研究对象,使用...堆芯应急排盐系统作为熔盐堆特有的安全系统,具有排盐和余热排出功能,为熔盐堆提供了一种紧急停堆方式。为定量化分析堆芯应急排盐系统的可靠性,以美国橡树岭实验室的熔盐实验堆(Molten Salt Reactor Experiment,MSRE)为研究对象,使用概率安全分析软件RiskSpectrum建立和计算MSRE堆芯应急排盐系统故障树,得到系统失效概率为5.62×10^(-4),并进行最小割集分析和重要度分析,识别出影响系统失效的关键因素是外套管泄漏失效、控制冷冻阀冷却气的电磁阀共因失效和气动阀共因失效。通过套管换热元件中减少使用焊缝连接,以及采用不同类型部件控制冷冻阀冷却气,可明显降低系统失效概率。分析结果为液态熔盐堆应急排盐系统工程应用研究提供参考。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41002060, 41272274)the Foundation of Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant to QS Fan)
文摘Previous studies have investigated the boron isotopic composition of salt lake brines in the Qaidam Basin,western China.However,the research on boron isotopic composition of halite is very limited due to halite’s low
基金the Key International Cooperation Project of Ministry of Science and Technology of China,No.2001CB711003the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.40305007the Science and Technology Innovation Project of Northwest Normal University,No.NWNU-KJCXGC-02-20.
文摘A 51.85 m firn core drilled in Princess Elizabeth Land, Antarctica, during the 1996-1997 Chinese First Antarctic Inland Expedition, has been measured for δ 18 O and major ions. Based on the high quality data of the seasonal variations of major ions, the firn core was dated with errors within ±3 years. The 51.85 m firn core record extends for 251 years (A. D. 1745-1996). The results of the glaciochemistry data of the firn core show that the mean concentrations of Cl -, Na + and Mg 2+ are similar to those reported from other coastal areas in East Antarctica. However, mean concentrations of Ca 2+ are much higher than those reported from other regions, this anomaly phenomenon may be related to the strong local terrestrial sources. It is found that the variations of three kinds of sea salt ions (Cl -, Na + and Mg 2+ ) in the past 150 years show very similarly rising trends, which may be the results the Southern Hemisphere warming in the past century.
基金supported by the ‘‘Strategic Priority Research Program’’ of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDA02010200)the Frontier Science Key Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.QYZDY-SSW-JSC016)
文摘Fast reactors based on thorium fuel have enhanced inherent safety. Fluoride salt performs well as a coolant in high-temperature nuclear systems. In this paper,we present a reference core for a large fluoride-salt-cooled solid-fuel fast reactor(LSFR) using thorium–uranium fuel cycle. Neutronics physics of the LSFR reference core is investigated with 2D and 3D in-core fuel management strategy. The design parameters analyzed include the fuel volume fraction, power density level and continuous removal of fission products with 3D fuel shuffling that obtains better equilibrium core performance than 2D shuffling. A self-sustained core is achieved for all cases,and the core of 60% fuel volume fraction at 50 MW/m^3 power density is of the best breeding performance(average breeding ratio 1.134). The LSFR core based on thorium fuel is advantageous in its high discharge burn-up of 20–30% fissions per initial heavy metal atom, small reactivity swing over the whole lifetime(to simplify the reactivity control system), the negative reactivity temperature coefficient(intrinsically safe for all cases) and accepted cladding peak radiation damage. The LSFR reactor is a good alternative option for the deployment of a self-sustained thorium-based nuclear system.
文摘When treated in pressure die casting processes the semi-solid aluminum alloys demand resilient cores which can bear the stress occurring during filling and the final pressure phase.The design of permanent cores is highly restricted in order to maintain removability.Lost cores provide the possibility of complex,undercut geometrical shapes which is mandatory for a variety of casting components.However,eligible materials which show appropriate resilience and proper decomposition properties at the same time,and in the upper echelon of cost-effectiveness,are seldom known.With the semi-solid process suited between HPDC and GDC regarding the core stress,several common and economically efficient lost core systems could be used.A selection of potentially suitable materials was identified and tested.The range of testing comprises widespread sand core-systems(amin-pur-coldbox and CO2-water-glass) as well as materials less commonly used,namely salt,plastic and zinc.Different types of conditioning are applied to enhance the surface properties.The mechanical properties of the sand cores are enhanced by different heat treatment methods during curing.The cores are tested producing a research component cast on a HPDC machine with semi-solid A356 slurry fabricated in the cooling channel process.The cast component was analyzed regarding shape stability,core removability and surface as well as the structure quality.The results show the importance of the surface conditioning for the sand-cores while salt and zinc produce good parts comparable to the reference steel core quality.
文摘堆芯应急排盐系统作为熔盐堆特有的安全系统,具有排盐和余热排出功能,为熔盐堆提供了一种紧急停堆方式。为定量化分析堆芯应急排盐系统的可靠性,以美国橡树岭实验室的熔盐实验堆(Molten Salt Reactor Experiment,MSRE)为研究对象,使用概率安全分析软件RiskSpectrum建立和计算MSRE堆芯应急排盐系统故障树,得到系统失效概率为5.62×10^(-4),并进行最小割集分析和重要度分析,识别出影响系统失效的关键因素是外套管泄漏失效、控制冷冻阀冷却气的电磁阀共因失效和气动阀共因失效。通过套管换热元件中减少使用焊缝连接,以及采用不同类型部件控制冷冻阀冷却气,可明显降低系统失效概率。分析结果为液态熔盐堆应急排盐系统工程应用研究提供参考。
