Determination of Eleutheroside B and E in Acanthopanax Preparations by High-P erformance Liquid Chromatography with Solid-Phase Extraction

Aim An HPLC method for analyzing eleutheroside B (ELU B) and eleutheroside E(ELU E) , two of the main active substances of Acanthopanax preparations were studied. Methods Thesamples were analyzed on a kromasil ODS column with water-acetonitrile as a gradient mobile phase.The flow rate was 0.8 mL·min^(-1) and detecting wavelengths were 206 nm for ELU B, 220 nm for ELUE, solid phase extraction (SPE) and internal standard-salicin were selected. Results The recoveriesof Acanthopanax tablets and injection were 90.4% - 96.8% and 96.4% - 99.8% for ELU B, 87.7% -93.3%and 95.7% - 98.5% for ELU E, respectively. The linear ranges were 4.45 - 22.25 μg· mL^(-1) (r =0.999 8) and 5.11 - 25.55 μg·mL^(-1) ( r = 0.999 7) respectively. Conclusion This method can savethe time for cleaning the chromatographic system and improve sensitivity for Acanthopanaxpreparations , thus providing a way to evaluate the quality of Acanthopanax preparations.

Isolation and Purification of Unstable Iridoid Glucosides from Traditional Chinese Medicine by Preparative High Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Solid-phase Extraction

An efficient preparative method was successfully developed for isolation and purification of unstable components from medicinal plant extracts, using a combined method of preparative high performance liquid chro-matography(HPLC) and solid-phase extraction(SPE). The aim of this study was to obtain an effective method with high preparative efficiency and importantly to avoid the transformation of unstable compounds. The preparative HPLC system was based on an LC/MS controlled four-channel autopurification system. The SPE method was performed with a C18 packing material to trap the target compounds and to remove the acidic additive derived from the mobile phase. Using this method, the unstable iridoid glucosides(IGs) as model compounds were successfully isolated and purified from the extract of Hedyotis diffusa Willd. Six IGs(including one new minor IG) and one nucleotide compound were simultaneously obtained, each with a purity of 91% as determined by HPLC. The structures of the isolated compounds were identified by UPLC/Q-TOF MS, UV, 1D and/or 2D NMR. It was demonstrated that the combination of preparative HPLC with SPE is a versatile tool for preparative purification of unstable compounds from complex natural products.

Determination of organochlorine pesticides from juice samples using magnetic biochar-based dispersive micro-solid phase extraction in combination with dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction

Analysis of pesticide residue levels in juice beverages is important to ensure safe consumption and avoid global trade concerns associated to pesticide contaminations.A simple,inexpensive and effective method was developed for the determination of organochlorine pesticides(OCPs)in bottled juice drinks using GC-MS.Sample pretreatment was performed using dispersive solid-phase microextraction(D-μ-SPE)for matrix desorption and dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction(DLLME)for analyte enrichment.In this study,an affordable and effective sorbent for the adsorption of OCPs from juice samples was synthesized from avocado seeds mixed with magnetic precursors for D-μSPE.The ground avocado seeds combined with a magnetic precursor nanocomposite were characterized using various instruments including scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET)analysis.The solution obtained from D-μ-SPE desorption was used as a dispersant for the subsequent DLLME,which made the combination of D-μ-SPE with DLLME much easier.The effectiveness of the method was enhanced by optimizing the influential parameters in both D-μ-SPE and DLLME.Then after,the optimal values were determined for the real sample analysis.Accordingly,there was good linear dynamic range with a coefficient of determination(r2)≥0.9989.The limit of detection and quantification were 0.02–0.69 and 0.06–2.10 ng/L respectively.The method showed high enrichment factors ranging from 96 to 313 with recoveries of 87–100%.Intraday and interday precisions were≤4%.Compared with other reported methods,this method is a one-step,simple,cheap,fast,and environmentally friendly alternative and straightforward method for adsorbing organochlorine pesticides from sample solutions.These results demonstrates the high potential of the proposed method for the extraction and cleanup of contaminants in selected juices and other related samples.

全自动固相萃取—高效液相色谱法测定现制饮料中7种合成着色剂

目的:建立一种全自动固相萃取—高效液相色谱双波长法测定现制饮料中7种合成着色剂的方法。方法:样品经纯水提取2次,离心后,合并上清液,调节pH至3~4。利用全自动固相萃取装置活化Poly-sery色素专用固相萃取小柱,并上样、淋洗、洗脱。洗脱液氮吹浓缩至200μL,用50%流动相A+50%流动相B混合液定容至1.0 mL。色谱柱采用C 18柱,流动相为20 mmol/L乙酸铵—甲醇,梯度洗脱,流速1.0 mL/min,进样量10μL,检测波长254,628 nm。结果:各物质在0.5~50.0μg/mL范围内相关系数均大于0.9999,方法检出限为0.023~0.179 mg/kg,定量限为0.078~0.598 mg/kg,加标回收率为92.4%~96.8%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.2%~4.2%。结论:该方法试剂使用量小,操作步骤简便,自动化程度高,回收率高,重复性好,适合于批量样品测定。

固相萃取结合液质联用法快速筛查和分析生活饮用水中的56种抗生素

目的:建立生活饮用中56种抗生素的固相萃取-液相色谱-串联质谱分析方法。方法:将生活饮用水通过大容量采样管连接到固相萃取柱上净化,用C18柱梯度洗脱分离目标物,以乙腈和0.1%甲酸水为流动相,经电喷雾离子源电离,多反应监测模式串联质谱检测。结果:56种抗生素的最低检测浓度为0.1~2.0μg·L^(-1),在其线性范围内的相关系数均大于0.995,3个浓度水平的加标回收率为63.3%~113.0%,相对标准偏差在3.1%~8.3%。结论:该方法前处理简单、快速,适用于生活饮用水中多种抗生素的快速筛查和定量检测。

磁分散固相萃取-高效液相色谱法检测人体尿样中天麻素

建立了一种磁分散固相萃取技术结合高效液相色谱法,用于快速检测人体尿液样本中的天麻素。采用化学共沉淀法自组装制备磁性活性炭/大孔树脂三元复合材料(Fe_3O_(4)/AC/MR),并将该材料用作吸附剂,实现尿液样本中天麻素的分离富集。在最佳实验条件下,天麻素浓度与峰面积间呈良好线性关系,线性范围为3.0×10^(-2)~10.0μg·mL^(-1),线性相关系数为0.9994,检出限为5.4μg·L^(-1)。以模拟人体尿液作为实际样品进行加标回收验证,加标回收率为94.87%~106.3%,相对标准偏差(RSD)在2.8%-4.2%之间。本研究建立的方法简便、快速、有效,为生物样本中天麻素的分离提纯提供了新方法。

六方氮化硼应用于样品前处理的研究进展

近几年,六方氮化硼由于孔隙率高、比表面积大、机械强度高、化学稳定性好、亲水性好、生物相容性好等优点,作为前处理材料获得了广泛关注,已被用于生物化学、食品安全、环境污染等领域的样品前处理,是一种理想的吸附剂。目前已开发了多种基于六方氮化硼材料作为吸附剂的样品前处理技术,包括固相萃取、分散固相萃取、固相微萃取、磁性固相萃取、管内固相微萃取、分散固相微萃取等,可实现多氯联苯、罗丹明B、黄酮类化合物、多环芳烃等分析物的萃取富集。综述了六方氮化硼材料在样品前处理领域的应用进展,并对今后的发展方向进行了展望。

磁性固相萃取技术在土壤污染物检测中的应用研究进展

近年来,各种污染物通过多种途径进入土壤环境中并积累,对土壤环境质量、食品安全和人体健康产生极大的危害。土壤基质较为复杂,采用高效、选择性好、灵敏度高、便捷简单的前处理技术对土壤中的污染物进行分析检测尤为重要。磁性固相萃取技术作为一种新型的前处理方法,与传统前处理技术相比具有多种优势。随着磁性纳米材料的兴起,根据土壤中污染物的不同,通过对磁性纳米粒子进行功能化修饰可以得到不同吸附性能的吸附材料,从而对土壤中的各种污染物进行选择性吸附。梳理了土壤中存在的主要污染物、传统的前处理技术、磁性固相萃取技术简介及优势,详细阐述了磁性固相萃取技术在土壤污染物分析检测中的应用研究进展,为磁性固相萃取技术在土壤污染物实际检测应用中提供参考。

基质全溶解-固相萃取-UPLC-MS/MS法分析聚酯纤维中阻燃剂

目的探索聚酯纤维中常见有机磷酸酯阻燃剂(磷酸三苯酯和三苯基氧化膦)的分析方法。方法通过完全溶解法将样品基质溶解,再采用商品化固相萃取柱PEP-2对提取的样品溶液进行进一步净化,结合UPLC-MS/MS技术测定5种聚酯纤维样品中的两种有机磷酸酯阻燃剂。结果在最优的条件下,建立的分析方法线性关系良好(r≥0.9958),灵敏度高,磷酸三苯酯和三苯基氧化膦方法检测限分别为0.08 ng·g^(-1)和0.014 ng·g^(-1),加标回收率范围为80.2%~104.6%,方法精密度RSD值低于8.8%。结论建立的分析方法准确度高、精密度好、无基质干扰、稳定可靠,为该类基质中痕量污染物的分析提供了新的策略。

牛奶中四环素类药物残留检测技术研究进展

四环素类药物(tetracyclines,TCs)是一种广谱抗生素,常用于治疗奶牛疾病,但使用不当易导致药物残留,影响牛奶品质与食用安全。目前,快捷、高效、一次可检测多种药物是兽药残留分析技术的发展方向。笔者综述了牛奶TCs残留分析技术中常见的样品前处理、纯化和药物测定方法,包括液-液萃取(liquid-liquid extraction,LLE)和液-液微萃取(liquid-liquid micro extraction,LLME)等前处理方法,液-液分配(liquid-liquid partition,LLP)、固相萃取(solid-phase extraction,SPE)、QuEChERS等纯化方法,以及薄层色谱(thin-layer chromatography,TLC)法、化学发光(chemiluminescence,CL)法、毛细管电泳(capillary electrophoresis,CE)法、高效液相色谱(high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC)法、液相色谱串联质谱(liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry,LC-MS/MS)法、免疫分析法、分光光度法和电化学分析法等药物测定方法,分析了各种方法的优缺点,旨在为牛奶中TCs残留检测提供参考。

基于膜式固相萃取的水体全氟化合物检测方法研究

基于膜式固相萃取法和液相色谱-串联质谱法建立了一种高灵敏、快速分析环境水样中痕量全氟化合物(PFASs)的方法。采用最优条件的模式固相萃取进行样品前处理,以乙酸铵水溶液及乙腈为流动相进行梯度洗脱,经Accucore aQ C18色谱柱分离,采用电喷雾离子源、负离子采集模式和质谱多反应监测模式分析,实现了环境水样中17种全氟化合物的快速分析,17种全氟化合物检出限(S/N=3)为0.2~0.3 ng/L。将方法应用于实际环境水样中全氟化合物的分析,加标回收率为87%~95%。研究可为快速、有效地检测环境水样中痕量全氟化合物提供新方法的选择。

固相萃取技术应用于检测保健食品中非法添加化学药的研究进展

随着居民营养健康意识的提高,食品工业中的保健食品研究发展迅速,但非法添加化学药这一现象已成为日渐严峻的食品安全问题。保健食品质量检测中,灵敏、简单、快速的前处理方法是至关重要的一步。其中,固相萃取技术是一种常用的样品前处理方法,可以分离、纯化、富集样品中的分析物,具有操作简单、高通量、节省有机溶剂、易自动化等优点。近些年,国内外研究开发出一系列的新型固相萃取技术。本文基于固相萃取技术的作用原理和操作流程,着重介绍了其在识别保健食品中非法添加化学药物方面的实际应用案例,并对其发展趋势和应用前景进行了展望。本文可为固相萃取技术在保健食品质量安全监测中的应用提供参考。

固相萃取填料对水中脂肪族二元酸酯类增塑剂萃取效率的影响

以水中11种脂肪族二元酸酯类(ADEs)增塑剂的固相萃取-气相色谱-质谱法(SPE-GC-MS)为例,探讨了用C18柱和HLB柱萃取水样时不同品牌、不同批号的SPE填料和C18柱封端与否及相对应的洗脱溶剂不同配比对萃取效率的影响。实验结果表明:正己烷不可作为C18柱和HLB柱的淋洗溶剂;11种ADEs用不同配比的二氯甲烷/正己烷溶剂体系洗脱,对C18柱和HLB柱,不同SPE填料最佳二氯甲烷体积分数分别为0~60%和15%~20%;未经封端处理的C18柱不适合作为ADEs的SPE柱;最佳溶剂洗脱体积为5 mL,样品穿透体积至少为200 mL;在优化条件下,11种ADEs方法检出限为0.2~0.5μg/L,实际样品加标回收率为85.2%~113%,平行样相对标准偏差为5.5%~18%,各特性指标显示该方法正确度、精密度和灵敏度良好。

用于复杂生物样品体系分离与识别的分子印迹技术最新进展

由生物样品中复杂组分所导致的基质效应会严重影响分离分析技术的准确性、灵敏度与可靠性。免疫亲和技术作为降低或消除基质效应的方法已被广泛应用于诊断分析和蛋白纯化等领域,但该技术仍存在明显的缺点,如成本高昂、制备流程繁琐、保存条件苛刻以及配体浸出等问题。目前,如何通过有效降低或消除复杂生物样品中的基质效应来实现痕量目标分析物的分离及识别仍是一个具有挑战性的问题。分子印迹技术(molecular imprinting technology,MIT)一直被广泛应用于固相萃取与色谱分离等领域,随着MIT的发展,各种新型印迹策略被提出;其中,分子印迹聚合物(molecularly imprinted polymer,MIP)作为一种能够模拟抗原-抗体间相互作用的高分子聚合物,可以从各种复杂生物样品中提取出目标分析物,从而有效消除基质效应的影响。MIP不仅拥有高特异性与高亲和力的优点,而且与抗体和适配体等生物大分子相比,MIP还具有稳定性高、成本低廉以及制备简便等优势。近年来一些基于MIT的传统分离技术得到了深入发展,其中包括色谱固定相以及固相萃取吸附剂等。此外,结合了MIT与高灵敏检测技术的分析方法在疾病诊断和生物成像等领域也受到了广泛关注。本文着重介绍了近年来发展的新型印迹策略,并介绍了基于MIP的分离分析方法在各领域中的应用以及现阶段存在的不足,最后对MIT的未来发展方向做出了展望。

浅谈固相微萃取的理论和条件优化

固相微萃取是一种简便高效的方法,无需使用任何有机或化学试剂,即可实现对液相或顶空的挥发性或非挥发性物质的高选择性富集。SPME是一种与GC、HPLC联用技术相结合、具有广泛的分析线性范围等优点。本项目拟采用高效液相色谱-质谱联用技术,通过调控色谱柱的极性、膜厚、连续采样等多种方法,实现对样品中微量目标化合物的高纯度、高稳定性的检测。

固相萃取剂的研究进展

固相萃取剂作为一种重要的样品前处理技术,具有广泛的应用前景。对固相萃取剂进行了深入研究,探讨了其分类、选择、应用领域、制备方法及未来发展趋势,指出新型固相萃取剂的开发、制备方法的改进、性能表征的深入研究、应用领域的拓展以及绿色环保方向的探索将是未来研究的重要方向。通过深入研究和不断优化,可以进一步提高固相萃取剂的性能和萃取效果,为实际应用提供更好的支持。

Fluorometric determination of nonylphenol in water samples enriched with zirconium doped titanium dioxide nanotubes solid phase extraction

This paper developed a fluorometric method for the sensitive determination of nonylphenol in water samples by preconcentration with zirconium doped titanium dioxide nanotubes solid phase extraction.The parameters on extraction that would influence the enrichment performance such as the kind and volume of eluent,sample pH,sample flow rate,and sample volume were optimized in detail.Under the optimal conditions,the proposed method provided an excellent linear range of 1-150 mg/L and good LOD of 0.076 mg/L.The relative standard deviation（RSD,n = 6） was 2.8%.Proposed method was also used for the analysis of real water samples and the spiked recoveries were satisfied in the range of 98.7-103%.

Magnetic metal organic framework for pre-concentration of ampicillin from cow milk samples

The aim of this study is a present of a simple solvothermal synthesis approach to preparation of Cu-based magnetic metal organic framework(MMOF)and subsequently its application as sorbent for ultrasound assisted magnetic solid phase extraction(UAMSPE)of ampicillin(AMP)from cow milk samples prior to high performance liquid chromatography-Ultraviolet(HPLC-UV)determination.Characteristics of prepared MMOF were fully investigated by different techniques which showed the exclusive properties of proposed sorbent in terms of proper functionality,desirable magnetic property and also high specific surface area.Different influential factors on extraction recovery including sorbent dosage,ultrasonic time,washing solvent volume and eluent solvent volume were assessed using central composite design(CCD)based response surface methodology(RSM)as an operative and powerful optimization tool.This is the first report for determination of AMP using MMOF.The proposed method addressed some drawbacks of other methods and sorbents for determination of AMP.The presented method decreases the extraction time(4 min)and also enhances adsorption capacity(250 mg/g).Moreover,the magnetic property of presented sorbent(15 emu/g)accelerates the extraction process which does not need filtration,centrifuge and precipitation procedures.Under the optimized conditions,the proposed method is applicable for linear range of 1.0-5000.0 μg/L with detection limit of 0.29 μg/L,satisfactory recoveries(≥95.0%)and acceptable repeatability(RSD less than 4.0%).The present study indicates highly promising perspectives of MMOF for highly effective analysis of AMP in complicated matrices.

Accurate and sensitive determination of hydroxychloroquine sulfate used on COVID-19 patients in human urine,serum and saliva samples by GC-MS

A rapid,accurate,and sensitive analytical method,ultrasonication-assisted spraying based fine droplet formationeliquid phase microextractionegas chromatographyemass spectrometry(UA-SFDF-LPME-GCMS),was proposed for the determination of trace amounts of hydroxychloroquine sulfate in human serum,urine,and saliva samples.To determine the best extraction strategy,several liquid and solid phase extraction methods were investigated for their efficiencies in isolation and preconcentration of hydroxychloroquine sulfate from biological matrices.The UA-SFDF-LPME method was determined to be the best extraction method as it was operationally simple and provided accurate results.Variables such as the extraction solvent,spraying number,sodium hydroxide concentration and volume,sample volume,mixing method,and mixing period were optimized for the proposed method using the onevariable-at-a-time approach.In addition,Tukey’s method based on a post hoc comparison test was employed to evaluate the significant difference between the parameters inspected.After the optimization studies,the limit of detection(LOD)and limit of quantification(LOQ)were determined to be 0.7 and 2.4 mg/kg,respectively.The sensitivity of the GC-MS system based on the LOD was enhanced approximately 440-fold when the UA-SFDF-LPME method was employed.Spiking experiments were also conducted for the human serum,urine,and saliva samples to determine the applicability and accuracy of the proposed method.Recoveries for the human serum,urine,and saliva samples were found to be in the ranges of 93.9%-101.7%,95.2%-105.0%,and 93.1%-102.3%,respectively.These results were satisfactory and indicated that the hydroxychloroquine sulfate level in the above biological samples could be analyzed using the proposed method.