Nitrogen cycling of atmosphere-plant-soft system in the typical Calamagrostis angustifolia wetland in the Sanjiang Plain,Northeast China

The nitrogen （N） distribution and cycling of atmosphere-plant-soil system in the typical meadow Calamagrostis angustifolia wetland （TMCW） and marsh meadow Calamagrostis angustifolia wetland （MMCW） in the Sanjiang plain were studied by a compartment model. The results showed that the N wet deposition amount was 0.757 gN/（m^2·a）, and total inorganic N （TIN） was the main body （0.640 gN/（m^2·a））. The ammonia volatilization amounts of TMCW and MMCW soils in growing season were 0.635 and 0.687 gN/m^2, and the denitrification gaseous lost amounts were 0.617 and 0.405 gN/m^2, respectively. In plant subsystem, the N was mainly stored in root and litter. Soil organic N was the main N storage of the two plant-soil systems and the proportions of it were 93.98% and 92.16%, respectively. The calculation results of N turnovers among compartments of TMCW and MMCW showed that the uptake amounts of root were 23.02 and 28.18 gN/（m^2·a） and the values of aboveground were 11.31 and 6.08 gN/（m^2·a）, the re-translocation amounts from aboveground to root were 5.96 and 2.70 gN/（m^2·a）, the translocation amounts from aboveground living body to litter were 5.35 and 3.38 gN/（m^2·a）, the translocation amounts from litter to soil were larger than 1.55 and 3.01 gN/（m^2·a）, the translocation amounts from root to soil were 14.90 and 13.17 gN/（m^2·a）, and the soil （0-15 cm） N net mineralization amounts were 1.94 and 0.55 gN/（m^2·a）, respectively. The study of N balance indicated that the two plant-soil systems might be situated in the status of lacking N, and the status might induce the degradation of C. angustifolia wetland.

Study on ecological fragility of wetlands in Sanjiang Plain

As the largest inland freshwater wetlands in China. Sanjiang Plain plays an important role in environmental protection from local scale to global scale. However, due to the fragility of the wetland ecosystems and the environmental disturbances on them caused by natural disasters and human activities, loss and degeneration of wetlands in this area are considerable. Characteristics and reasons of wetlands' ecological fragility in Sanjiang Plain are analyzed and then the evaluation method and index system on ecological fragility of wetlands in Sanjiang Plain are presented. The result of the evaluation shows that the wetlands' ecological fragility in Sanjiang Plain is serious. The value of this method and index system is also discussed in the paper.

Sulfur cycle in the typical meadow Calamagrostis angustifolia wetland ecosystem in the Sanjiang Plain,Northeast China

The sulfur cycle and its compartmental distribution within an atmosphere-plant-soil system was studied using a compartment model in the typical meadow Calamagrostis angustifolia wetland in the Sanjiang Plain Northeast China. The results showed that in the typical meadow C. angustifolia wetland ecosystem, soil was the main storage compartment and current hinge of sulfur in which 98.4% sulfur was accumulated, while only 1.6% sulfur was accumulated in the plant compartment. In the plant subsystem, roots and litters were the main storage compartment of sulfur and they remained 83.5% of the total plant sulfur. The calculations of sulfur turnover through the compartments of the typical meadow C. angustifolia wetland ecosystem demonstrated that the above-ground component took up 0.99 gS/m^2 from the root, of which 0.16 gS/m^2 was translocated to the roots and 0.83 gS/m^2 to the litter. The roots took in 1.05 gS/m^2 from the soil, subsequent translocation back to the soil accounted for 1.31 gS/m^2, while there was 1.84 gS/m^2 in the litter and the net transfer of sulfur to the soil was more than 0.44 gS/（m^2·a）. The emission of H2S from the typical meadow C. angustifolia wetland ecosystem to the atmosphere was 1.83 mgS/（m^2·a）, while carbonyl sulfide （COS） was absorbed by the typical meadow C. angustifolia wetland ecosystem from the atmosphere at the rate of 1.76 mgS/（m^2·a）. The input of sulfur by the rainfall to the ecosystem was 4.85 mgS/m^2 during the growing season. The difference between input and output was 4.78 mgS/m^2, which indicated that sulfur was accumulated in the ecosystem and may cause wetland acidify in the future.

Agricultural Climate Change and Wetland Agriculture Study under the Climate Change in the Sanjiang Plain

With linear curvefitting,Mann-kendall method and Yamamoto method,≥10 ℃accumulated temperature and precipitation from May to September of 6 meteorological stations(Baoqing,fujin,Jiamusi,Hegang,Jixi and Hulin) from 1978 to 2007 were used to explore 30-year agricultural climate change and trend in the Sanjiang Plain.The results showed that ≥10 ℃ accumulated temperature of the 6 stations have risen by 141.0 ℃ to 287.4 ℃ when estimated by their significant linear trends(n=30,α=0.05) over the last 30 years(1978 to 2007).The rates of warming for the last 30 years range from 4.70 ℃per year to 9.58 ℃ per year.There are not significant linear trends on precipitation from May to September of the 6 stations over the last 30 years.The period of 1978 to 1998 in which ≥10 ℃ accumulated temperature is lower is consistent with that in which there is more precipitation from May to September,and warming and drying period has occurred in the Sanjiang Plain since 1999.Under the background of warming and drying agricultural climate,high yield cultivation of Phragmites australis and establishment of Phragmites australis-fish(crab) symbiosis ecosystem in natural mire are the ways for reasonable use of natural wetland.The area of paddy fields has been increasing from 7.25×104 ha in 1978 to 121.2×104 ha in 2006.It is proposed that paddy field range should not be expanded blindly toward the north in the Sanjiang Plain,and chilling injury forecast and prevention should be pay attention to.In the area that the chilling injury happens frequently,the rotation between rice and other crops should be implemented.Measures,which combine drainage,store and irrigation,should be taken instead of single drainage on comprehensive control of regional low and wet croplands to ensure controlling drought and flood.

Effects of Wetland Reclamation on Soil Nutrient Losses and Reserves in Sanjiang Plain,Northeast China

The carbon （C）, nitrogen （N） and phosphorus （P） variations of a temperate wetland soil under continuous cultivation for 40 yr were determined and evaluated in the Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China. The results showed that the soil organic carbon （SOC） and total nitrogen （TN） contents in each soil layer decreased sharply after cultivation for 2-3 yr, and exhibited minor differences after cultivation for 11 yr, which showed an exponential decline curve with the increase of cultivation years. The reduction rates of carbon and nitrogen reserves were 14.79% and 28.53% yr^-1 at the initial reclamation stages of 2-3 yr and then decreased to 2.02-3.08% yr^-1 and 1.98-2.93% yr^-1 after cultivation for 20 yr, respectively. Soil total phosphorus （TP） reserves decreased within cultivation for 5 yr, and then gradually restored to the initial level after cultivation for 17 yr. Both SOC and TN could be restored slightly when the farmland was left fallow for 8 yr after reclamation for 11 yr, whereas TP had no significant difference. These results demonstrated that wetland cultivation was one of the most important factors influencing on the nutrient fate and reserves in soil, which could lead to the rapid nutrient release and slow restoration through abandon cultivation, therefore protective cultivation techniques preventing nutrients from loss should be immediately established after wetland reclamation.

Distribution characteristics of dissolved organic carbon in annular wetland soil-water solutions through soil profiles in the Sanjiang Plain,Northeast China

Overwhelming evidence reveals that concentrations of dissolved organic carbon （DOC） have increased in streams which brings negative environmental impacts. DOC in stream flow is mainly originated from soil-water solutions of watershed. Wetlands prove to be the most sensitive areas as an important DOC reserve between terrestrial and fluvial biogeosystems. This reported study was focused on the distribution characteristics and the controlling factors of DOC in soil-water solutions of annular wetland, i.e., a dishing wetland and a forest wetland together, in the Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China. The results indicate that DOC concentrations in soilwater solutions decreased and then increased with increasing soil depth in the annular wetland. In the upper soil layers of 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm, DOC concentrations in soil-water solutions linearly increased from edge to center of the annular wetland （R^2 = 0.3122 and R^2 = 0.443）. The distribution variations were intimately linked to DOC production and utilization and DOC transport processes in annular wetland soil-water solutions. The concentrations of total organic carbon （TOC）, total carbon （TC） and Fe（II）, DOC mobility and continuous vertical and lateral flow affectext the distribution variations of DOC in soil-water solutions. The correlation coefficients between DOC concentrations and TOC, TC and Fe（II） were 0.974, 0.813 and 0.753 respectively. These distribution characteristics suggested a systematic response of the distribution variations of DOC in annular wetland soil-water solutions to the geometry of closed depressions on a scale of small catchments. However, the DOC in soil pore water of the annular wetland may be the potential source of DOC to stream flow on watershed scale. These observations also implied the fragmentation of wetland landscape could bring the spatial-temporal variations of DOC distribution and exports, which would bring negative environmental impacts in watersheds of the Sanjiang Plain.

Spatial Variation of Dissolved Organic Carbon in Soils of Riparian Wetlands and Responses to Hydro-geomorphologic Changes in Sanjiang Plain, China

Spatial variation of dissolved organic carbon(DOC) in soils of riparian wetlands and responses to hydro-geomorphologic changes in the Sanjiang Plain were analyzed through in situ collecting soil samples in the Naoli River and the Bielahong River. The results showed that the average contents of DOC for soil layer of 0–100 cm were 730.6 mg/kg, 250.9 mg/kg, 423.0 mg/kg and 333.1 mg/kg respectively from riverbed to river terrace along the transverse directions of the Naoli watershed. The content of the soil DOC was the highest in the riverbed, lower in the high floodplain and much lower in the river terrace, and it was the lowest in the low floodplain. The difference in the content and vertical distribution of DOC between the riverbed and the three riparian wetlands was significant, while it was not significant among the low floodplain, the high floodplain and the river terrace. The variability of soil DOC was related to the hydrological connectivity between different landscape position of the riparian wetlands and the adjacent stream. Extremely significant correlations were observed between DOC and total organic carbon(TOC), total iron(TFe), ferrous iron(Fe(II)) whose correlation coefficients were 0.819, –0.544 and –0.709 in riparian wetlands of the Naoli River. With the increase of wetland destruction, soil p H increased and soil DOC content changed. The correlation coefficients between soil DOC and TOC, TFe, Fe(II) also changed into 0.759, –0.686 and –0.575 respectively in the Bielahong River. Under the impact of drainage ditches, the correlations between soil DOC and TFe, Fe(II) were not obvious, while the soil p H was weakly alkaline and was negatively correlated with soil DOC in the previous high floodplain. It indicates that riparian hydro-geomorphology is the main factor that could well explain this spatial variability of soil DOC, and the agricultural environmental hydraulic works like ditching also must be considered.

Influence of environment and substrate quality on the decomposition of wetland plant root in the Sanjiang Plain,Northeast China

The litterbag method was used to study the decomposition of wetland plant root in three wetlands along a water level gradient in the Sanjiang Plain,Northeast China.These wetlands are Calamagrostis angustifolia(C.aa),Carex meyeriana(C.ma)and Carex lasiocarpa (C.la).The objective of our study is to evaluate the influence of environment and substrate quality on decomposition rates in the three wetlands.Calico material was used as a standard substrate to evaluate environmental influences.Roots native to each we...

DYNAMIC CHANGES OF THE WETLAND AND ITS DRIVING FORCES IN FUJIN REGION IN SANJIANG PLAIN,CHINA

Wetland is a kind of key natural resources. However, the wetlands have been shrinking rapidly in Sangjiang Plain and its functions have been degrading. These all hold back the sustainable development of human communities, and lead to great change in the land use /cover (LUCC), consequently caused global changes in climate, water cycling, etc.. Taken Fujin region as a case study, spatial and temporal dynamic processes of wetland and its driving forces were analyzed from 1954 to 2000 in this paper. It showed that the wetlands had been reduced from 52×104 ha to 11×104 ha in areas during the nearly 50 years . The percentage of wetland areas reduced from 61.27% to 12.39%. On the other hand, cultivated land increased from 22×104 ha to 60×104 ha in areas. The percentage of the areas increased from 25.31% to 70.45%. Further quantitative analysis of the wetland landscape conversion characteristics and the correlation analysis between the change of wetland areas and population increase were made. The results showed that 40×104 ha wetlands had been converted to cultivated land within half of a century; the correlation between the rate of wetland loss and that of population increased is nearly -0.922. So it was concluded that the main driving force of wetland shrinkage in Fujin region was the colonization of human being.

A Macroinvertebrate Multimetric Index for the Bioassessment of Wetlands Adjacent to Agriculture Fields in the Sanjiang Plain, China

Adjacent intensive agriculture disturbs the natural condition of wetlands.However, to assess the effect of this agriculture on wetlands, few studies have used indices based on aquatic invertebrates.Multi-metric indices(MMIs) have been successfully used to assess freshwater ecosystems worldwide and are an important management tool, but little is known about their applicability in the Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China.In this study, we developed a MMIs for aquatic invertebrates to assess freshwater wetlands in this region.The aquatic invertebrate assemblages were sampled in 27 wetlands in the Sanjiang Plain that included those in natural reserves and those affected by adjacent, intensive agriculture.Twenty-four candidate metrics were initially reviewed and screened before four core metrics were selected: total number of taxa, number of Hemiptera taxa, proportion of Gastropoda, and proportion of predators.Mann-Whitney U tests, Box and Whisker plots, correlation analyses, and redundant metric tests were used to assess the ability of metrics to distinguish among reference and impaired wetlands.Four ordinal rating categories for wetland were defined: poor, fair, good, and excellent.Of the impaired freshwater wetlands, 76.2% were in poor or fair categories.The MMIs was robust in discriminating reference wetlands from impaired wetlands and therefore have potential as a biomonitoring tool to assess the condition and to guide the restoration efforts of freshwater wetlands in Northeast China.

A STUDY ON WETLAND CLASSIFICATION MODEL OF REMOTE SENSING IN THE SANGJIANG PLAIN

The Sanjiang Plain, where nearly 20 kinds of wetlands exist now, is one of the largest wetlands distributed area of wetlands in China. To identify each of them and pick up them separately by means of automatic interpretation of remote sensing from TM Landsat images is extremely important. However, most of the types of wetlands can not be divided each other due to the similarity and the illegibility of the wetland spectrum shown in TM images. Special disposals to remote sensing images include the spectrum enhancement of wetland information, the pseudo color composite of TM images of different bands and the algebra enhancement of TM images. By this way some kinds of wetlands such as Sparganium stoloniferum and Bolboschoenus maritimus can be identified. But in many cases, these methods are still insufficient because of the noise brought from the atmosphere transportation and so on. The physical features of wetlands reflecting the diversification of spectrum information of wetlands, which include the spatial temporal characteristics of the wetlands distribution, the landscape differences of wetlands from season to season, the growing environment and the vertical structure of wetlands vegetation and so on, must be taken into consideration. Besides these, the artificial alteration to spatial structure of wetlands such as the exploitation of some types of them can be also used as important symbols of wetlands identification from remote sensing images. On the basis of the above geographics analysis, a set of wetlands classification models of remote sensing could be established, and many types of wetlands such as paddy field, reed swamp, peat mire, meadow, CAREX marsh and paludification meadow and so on, will be distinguished consequently. All the ways of geographical analysis and model establishment will be given in detail in this article.

Study on cumulative effects of different cultivation patterns on wetland soil environment

Cumulative effects on wetland soils under different cultivation patterns were analyzed in the experimental fields of the Ecological Experimental Station of Mire-wetlands in Sanjiang Plain. The results suggested that the paddy field combined with the glebe to act on the soil environment. Under the combination of natural and anthropological factors, the cultivation of the paddy field and the glebe obviously related with different kinds of fertility factors of soil. The remarkable relation among organic matter, total nitrogen and available nitrogen reflected the fertilization of the soil at some extent.

Effect of Freezing-Thawing Process on Wetland Soil Iron

The iron concentrations of snows,semi-melting snows,snowmelts,and ditch waters were observed in four typical microhabitats,Carex lasiocarpa marsh(Ⅰ), Calamagrostis angustifolia wet meadow(Ⅱ),dry land (Ⅲ)and paddy field(Ⅳ),of Sanjiang Plain Wetland, Northeast China.Each sample was collected from three sites of one microhabitat,mixed together, filtrated with 0.45μm membrane,and tested using atomic absorption spectrometry(AAS)for iron measurement.The iron concentrations of soil solutions were investigated as well.Each soil solution was in-situ extracted by negative pressure,filtrated with 0.45μm membrane,and tested using AAS,too. The results showed that the wet precipitation of iron from snow were little to detect.The loss of iron was attributed to the interaction of water and soil surface. The iron concentrations of snowmelts were 7.4,15,

三江平原湿地小叶章功能性状对氮添加的响应

小叶章(Deyeuxiaangustifolia)为三江平原典型沼泽化湿地优势植物,通过野外原位控制试验,研究该物种对氮添加水平和氮素形态的适应性及响应规律,为预测大气氮沉降通量增加及氮素形态变化后湿地植被变化提供科学依据。试验设置3种氮素形态(硝态氮、铵态氮、有机态氮)、3种氮添加水平[4、8、12 g·(m^(2)·a)^(-1)],以及1个对照(不添加氮素),共10个处理,分析各处理间小叶章功能性状的差异。结果表明:在硝态氮与铵态氮作用下,小叶章的基径、节间长、叶片数、地上生物量及茎、叶生物量均随施氮量的增加而增大,中、高氮水平下,铵态氮更侧重于促进小叶章的茎生长,硝态氮对小叶章的叶生长影响显著,有机态氮显著影响小叶章分枝数、叶片数量(P<0.05)。节间数、分枝数、叶片数和生物量随无机态氮添加量增加而增大,有机态氮则趋势相反。施氮后,小叶章叶生物量占比升高。研究结果表明:小叶章对有机态氮的耐受范围小,对无机态氮的耐受范围大。施氮能促进三江平原小叶章的生长和生物量积累,增加叶生物量比重,降低茎和穗生物量比重。

三江平原沼泽湿地和农田的演替过程对地下水的影响

三江平原是我国重要的商品粮基地和沼泽湿地集中分布区。60 a来,随着农田面积持续增加和种植结构调整,湿地退减和地下水水位下降备受关注,地下水是否超采争议不断。文章选取1956—2019年7期遥感影像数据,采用单一土地利用动态度进行沼泽湿地和农田的演变进程特征分析;以1980年、2019—2021年4期同期统测数据和国家地下水监测工程数据为基础,探讨了湿地农田化对地下水水位的影响。结果表明:(1)1956—2019年沼泽湿地呈现减少态势,旱田呈现先增加后减少的态势,水田呈现先增加后稳定的态势,在1956—1996年具有“沼泽湿地变旱田”的特征,2.36×104km^(2)的沼泽湿地变成旱田,在1996—2019年具有“旱田改水田”的特征,1.15×10^(4)km^(2)的旱田变成水田;(2)三江平原1980—2021年36 546 km^(2)的区域地下水水位降幅小于5 m,3 669 km^(2)的区域地下水水位降幅大于10 m,建三江垦区存在超采地下水现象;(3)与1980年枯水期地下水水位相比,以降深10 m计算,2021年地下水降落漏斗面积为3 669 km^(2),较2019年面积增大269 km^(2),向北东方向略有扩张;(4)2019年建三江垦区在强降水的条件下地下水仍难以实现“以丰补欠”的自然调节,地下水储量减少5.81×10^(8)m^(3)。此研究成果为区域水平衡研究奠定了基础,对科学认识水土资源合理开发利用具有重要意义。

三江平原沼泽湿地变化的影响因素及其空间效应

研究三江平原沼泽湿地变化的影响因素及其空间效应,对于促进湿地区域间的协同治理以及因地制宜地开展湿地保护具有重要意义。基于三江平原22个县区1990—2020年的土地利用数据以及自然和社会经济数据,采用莫兰指数探究湿地的空间关联特征,并运用空间杜宾模型和偏微分分解方法对三江平原沼泽湿地的影响因素和空间效应进行分析。结论如下:①1990-2020年,三江平原沼泽湿地面积下降了31.37%。三江平原沼泽湿地多分布在平原东部地区,呈现出一定的集聚效应。②三江平原沼泽湿地呈显著的全局空间正相关,局部空间关系以H-H、L-L两种类型为主,呈现为“东高西低”的特征。③沼泽湿地面积会受到产业结构、湿地保护地面积占比、城镇化率的空间溢出效应影响。④年均气温、化肥施用量会对本县区湿地面积产生显著负向影响;人均GDP会对本县区湿地面积产生显著正向影响;湿地保护地面积占比对本县区和邻近县区湿地面积均呈现显著正向影响;产业结构、城镇化率对邻近县区湿地面积具有显著的负向溢出效应。因此,建议注重湿地保护区域协同与因地制宜相结合,建立跨行政区的湿地保护机制;促进农业绿色高质量发展,加快产业结构优化升级,减少化肥和农药施用量;完善湿地保护地体系,建立三江平原湿地国家公园;加强国土空间规划和用途管制,避免城镇盲目扩张。

三江平原湿地退化对小叶章有性繁殖特征的影响

植物在退化生境中采取不同的方式来扩展种群,了解退化生境中植物有性繁殖特征的变化是解释植物生态策略和管理生态系统的重要措施。本研究以三江平原三种不同退化阶段的小叶章种群为研究对象,测定了小叶章花序的数量特征和退化生境中的土壤理化性质,以探讨退化生境中小叶章花序特征的转变方式以及影响其变化的环境驱动因子。结果表明,沿着沼泽化草甸-典型草甸-杂类草草甸这一退化生境序列,小叶章花序长、花序生物量、种子千粒重和株高均呈显著增加趋势;当湿地退化,土壤含水量下降,土壤有机碳、硝态氮含量随之下降,而有机氮、铵态氮、p H值、全磷和速效钾含量随之上升;当湿地退化水位和有机碳含量下降时,对花序的影响主要是通过增加花序的小枝数量进而影响花序的生物量,小叶章通过这种方式来在不利的生境中增加种子的产量以拓展种群。

Distribution and Fate of Anthropogenic Nitrogen in the Calamagrostis angustifolia Wetland Ecosystem of Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China

Wetlands are important for the protection of water quality of rivers and lakes, especially those adjacent to agricultural landscapes, by intercepting and removing nutrients in runoff. In this study, the ^15N tracer technique was applied to study the distribution and fate of anthropogenic nitrogen （^15N-fertilizer） in Calamagrostis angustifolia Kom wetland plant-soil microcosms to identify the main ecological effects of it. ^15NH4^15NO3 solution （14.93 mg N/L, 20.28 at.% ^15N） was added to each microcosm of the first group, which was approximate to the current nitrogen concentration （CNC） of farm drainage, and 29.86 mg NIL ^15NH4^15NO3 solution was added to another group, which was approximate to the double nitrogen concentration （DNC） of farm drainage, while no nitrogen （NN） was added to the third group. The results suggest that the input of anthropogenic nitrogen has positive effects on the biomass and total nitrogen content of plant, and the positive effects will be elevated as the increase of its input amount. The increase of ^15N-fertilizer can also elevate its amounts and proportions in plant nitrogen. Soil nitrogen is still the main source of plant nitrogen, but its proportion will be reduced as the increase of ^15 N-fertilizer. The study of the fate of ^15N-fertilizer indicates that, in CNC treatment, only a small proportion is water-dissolved （0,13 ± 0.20%）, a considerable proportion is soil-immobilized （17.02 ± 8.62%）, or plant-assimilated （23.70 ± 0.92%）, and most is lost by gaseous forms （59.15 ± 8.35%）. While in DNC treatment, about 0.09 ± 0.15% is water-dissolved, 15.33 ± 7.46% is soil-immobilized, 23.55±2.86% is plant-assimilated, and 61.01±5.59% is lost by gaseous forms. The double input of anthropogenic nitrogen can not elevate the proportions of plant-assimilation, soil-immobilization and water-dissolution, but it can enhance the gaseous losses.

基于水生态因子的沼泽安全阈值研究——以三江平原沼泽为例

在分析沼泽的蒸发、蒸腾、降雨、产流等水循环环节和沼泽水量的季节动态基础上 ,利用系统动力学原理和方法对沼泽湿地蓄水量进行动态仿真 ,以预测沼泽蓄水量的动态变化 ;通过对比研究 ,分析沼泽的冷湿效应及其与沼泽面积消长的相互关系 ,建立相关的统计模型 ;再通过植物生长的现场实验 ,研究沼泽代表植物对水分条件的依赖性 ,找出沼泽最小生态需水量临界 ;最后以沼泽最小生态需水量临界值为依据 ,结合统计模型和沼泽蓄水量动态仿真手段 ,计算沼泽的安全阈值 .对三江平原沼泽湿地的案例分析验证了该方法的可行性 .

MODIS NDVI时间序列在三江平原湿地植被信息提取中的应用

以三江平原为研究区,利用多时相的中分辨率成像光谱仪(Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer,MODIS)影像数据,采用一种基于归一化植被指数(Normalized Difference Vegetation Index,NDVI)时间序列的监督分类方法获取了研究区湿地植被的分布数据。监督分类以NDVI时间序列的波形所反映出的植被物候特征作为分类器,将离散的傅立叶变换应用于NDVI时间序列以减少高频噪声对分类的影响,并运用傅立叶变换后波形幅度和相位的相似性来确定像素的归属类别。根据研究区植被的物候特征的差异,区分出7种地表(沼泽、沼泽化草甸、滩地、水田、旱地、灌木和林地)的植被类型,得到三江平原2005年湿地植被的分布数据。该方法的总体分类精度达到79.67%,Kappa系数为0.752 5。研究表明,基于MODIS多时相NDVI数据,采用基于傅立叶组分的相似度分类方法可以客观、经济、快速的提取湿地植被分布数据。