Regional anesthesia is an integral component of successful orthopedic surgery.Neuraxial anesthesia is commonly used for surgical anesthesia while peripheral nerve blocks are often used for postoperative analgesia.Pati...Regional anesthesia is an integral component of successful orthopedic surgery.Neuraxial anesthesia is commonly used for surgical anesthesia while peripheral nerve blocks are often used for postoperative analgesia.Patient evaluation for regional anesthesia should include neurological,pulmonary,cardiovascular,and hematological assessments.Neuraxial blocks include spinal,epidural,and combined spinal epidural.Upper extremity peripheral nerve blocks include interscalene,supraclavicular,infraclavicular,and axillary.Lower extremity peripheral nerve blocks include femoral nerve block,saphenous nerve block,sciatic nerve block,iPACK block,ankle block and lumbar plexus block.The choice of regional anesthesia is a unanimous decision made by the surgeon,the anesthesiologist,and the patient based on a risk-benefit assessment.The choice of the regional block depends on patient cooperation,patient positing,operative structures,operative manipulation,tourniquet use and the impact of postoperative motor blockade on initiation of physical therapy.Regional anesthesia is safe but has an inherent risk of failure and a relatively low incidence of complications such as local anesthetic systemic toxicity(LAST),nerve injury,falls,hematoma,infection and allergic reactions.Ultrasound should be used for regional anesthesia procedures to improve the efficacy and minimize complications.LAST treatment guidelines and rescue medications(intralipid)should be readily available during the regional anesthesia administration.展开更多
目的探讨超声引导下收肌管联合ipAck神经阻滞用于膝关节置换术后镇痛的临床效果。方法选取该院2018年2月至2019年12月该院收治的行膝关节置换术患者90例,随机分为对照组(45例)和观察组(45例),分别采用超声引导下收肌管阻滞和超声引导下...目的探讨超声引导下收肌管联合ipAck神经阻滞用于膝关节置换术后镇痛的临床效果。方法选取该院2018年2月至2019年12月该院收治的行膝关节置换术患者90例,随机分为对照组(45例)和观察组(45例),分别采用超声引导下收肌管阻滞和超声引导下收肌管联合ipAck神经阻滞方案行术后镇痛。比较两组术后48 h疼痛数字评分法11(NRS)静态/动态评分曲线下面积(AUC)、麻醉药物使用情况[舒芬太尼使用量、静脉自控镇痛泵(PCIA)按压率]、下床最多活动步数及主动屈膝最大角度。结果观察组术后48 h NRS静态/动态评分AUC均显著低于对照组;舒芬太尼用量显著少于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组PCIA按压率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组术后48 h下床最多活动步数和主动屈膝最大角度均显著多于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论超声引导下收肌管联合ipAck神经阻滞用于膝关节置换术后镇痛可有效缓解患者术后疼痛程度,减少麻醉药物用量,并有助于改善患者早期活动功能。展开更多
文摘Regional anesthesia is an integral component of successful orthopedic surgery.Neuraxial anesthesia is commonly used for surgical anesthesia while peripheral nerve blocks are often used for postoperative analgesia.Patient evaluation for regional anesthesia should include neurological,pulmonary,cardiovascular,and hematological assessments.Neuraxial blocks include spinal,epidural,and combined spinal epidural.Upper extremity peripheral nerve blocks include interscalene,supraclavicular,infraclavicular,and axillary.Lower extremity peripheral nerve blocks include femoral nerve block,saphenous nerve block,sciatic nerve block,iPACK block,ankle block and lumbar plexus block.The choice of regional anesthesia is a unanimous decision made by the surgeon,the anesthesiologist,and the patient based on a risk-benefit assessment.The choice of the regional block depends on patient cooperation,patient positing,operative structures,operative manipulation,tourniquet use and the impact of postoperative motor blockade on initiation of physical therapy.Regional anesthesia is safe but has an inherent risk of failure and a relatively low incidence of complications such as local anesthetic systemic toxicity(LAST),nerve injury,falls,hematoma,infection and allergic reactions.Ultrasound should be used for regional anesthesia procedures to improve the efficacy and minimize complications.LAST treatment guidelines and rescue medications(intralipid)should be readily available during the regional anesthesia administration.
文摘目的探讨超声引导下收肌管联合ipAck神经阻滞用于膝关节置换术后镇痛的临床效果。方法选取该院2018年2月至2019年12月该院收治的行膝关节置换术患者90例,随机分为对照组(45例)和观察组(45例),分别采用超声引导下收肌管阻滞和超声引导下收肌管联合ipAck神经阻滞方案行术后镇痛。比较两组术后48 h疼痛数字评分法11(NRS)静态/动态评分曲线下面积(AUC)、麻醉药物使用情况[舒芬太尼使用量、静脉自控镇痛泵(PCIA)按压率]、下床最多活动步数及主动屈膝最大角度。结果观察组术后48 h NRS静态/动态评分AUC均显著低于对照组;舒芬太尼用量显著少于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组PCIA按压率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组术后48 h下床最多活动步数和主动屈膝最大角度均显著多于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论超声引导下收肌管联合ipAck神经阻滞用于膝关节置换术后镇痛可有效缓解患者术后疼痛程度,减少麻醉药物用量,并有助于改善患者早期活动功能。