Bifunctional TiO_(2-x)nanofibers enhanced gel polymer electrolyte for high performance lithium metal batteries

Exploration of advanced gel polymer electrolytes(GPEs)represents a viable strategy for mitigating dendritic lithium(Li)growth,which is crucial in ensuring the safe operation of high energy density Li metal batteries(LMBs).Despite this,the application of GPEs is still hindered by inadequate ionic conductivity,low Li^(+)transference number,and subpar physicochemical properties.Herein,Ti O_(2-x)nanofibers(NF)with oxygen vacancy defects were synthesized by a one-step process as inorganic fillers to enhance the thermal/mechanical/ionic-transportation performances of composite GPEs.Various characterizations and theoretical calculations reveal that the oxygen vacancies on the surface of Ti O_(2-x)NF accelerate the dissociation of Li PF_6,promote the rapid transfer of free Li^(+),and influence the formation of Li F-enriched solid electrolyte interphase.Consequently,the composite GPEs demonstrate enhanced ionic conductivity(1.90m S cm^(-1)at room temperature),higher lithium-ion transference number(0.70),wider electrochemical stability window(5.50 V),superior mechanical strength,excellent thermal stability(210℃),and improved compatibility with lithium,resulting in superior cycling stability and rate performance in both Li||Li,Li||Li Fe PO_(4),and Li||Li Ni_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_(2)cells.Overall,the synergistic influence of nanofiber morphology and enriched oxygen vacancy structure of fillers on electrochemical properties of composite GPEs is comprehensively investigated,thus,it is anticipated to shed new light on designing high-performance GPEs LMBs.

Integrated adsorption and photocatalytic removal of methylene blue dye from aqueous solution by hierarchical Nb_(2)O_(5)@PAN/PVDF/ANO composite nanofibers

This work presents the development of hierarchical niobium pentoxide(Nb_(2)O_(5))-based composite nanofiber membranes for integrated adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue(MB)pollutants from aqueous solutions.The Nb_(2)O_(5) nanorods were vertically grown using a hydrothermal process on a base electrospun nanofibrous membrane made of polyacrylonitrile/polyvinylidene fluoride/ammonium niobate(V)oxalate hydrate(Nb_(2)O_(5)@PAN/PVDF/ANO).They were characterized using field-emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD)analysis,and Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy.These composite nanofibers possessed a narrow optical bandgap energy of 3.31 eV and demonstrated an MB degradation efficiency of 96%after 480 min contact time.The pseudo-first-order kinetic study was also conducted,in which Nb_(2)O_(5)@PAN/PVDF/ANO nanofibers have kinetic constant values of 1.29×10^(-2) min^(-1) and 0.30×10^(-2) min^(-1) for adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of MB aqueous solutions,respectively.These values are 17.7 and 7.8 times greater than those of PAN/PVDF/ANO nanofibers without Nb_(2)O_(5) nanostructures.Besides their outstanding photocatalytic performance,the developed membrane materials exhibit advantageous characteristics in recycling,which subsequently widen their practical use in environmental remediation applications.

Novel Perovskite Oxide Hybrid Nanofibers Embedded with Nanocatalysts for Highly Efficient and Durable Electrodes in Direct CO_(2) Electrolysis

The unique characteristics of nanofibers in rational electrode design enable effec-tive utilization and maximizing material properties for achieving highly efficient and sustainable CO_(2) reduction reactions( CO_(2)RRs)in solid oxide elec-trolysis cells(SOECs).However,practical appli-cation of nanofiber-based electrodes faces chal-lenges in establishing sufficient interfacial contact and adhesion with the dense electrolyte.To tackle this challenge,a novel hybrid nanofiber electrode,La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)Co_(0.15)Fe_(0.8)Pd_(0.05)O_(3-δ)(H-LSCFP),is developed by strategically incorporating low aspect ratio crushed LSCFP nanofibers into the excess porous interspace of a high aspect ratio LSCFP nanofiber framework synthesized via electrospinning technique.After consecutive treatment in 100% H_(2) and CO_(2) at 700°C,LSCFP nanofibers form a perovskite phase with in situ exsolved Co metal nanocatalysts and a high concentration of oxygen species on the surface,enhancing CO_(2) adsorption.The SOEC with the H-LSCFP electrode yielded an outstanding current density of 2.2 A cm^(-2) in CO_(2) at 800°C and 1.5 V,setting a new benchmark among reported nanofiber-based electrodes.Digital twinning of the H-LSCFP reveals improved contact adhesion and increased reaction sites for CO_(2)RR.The present work demonstrates a highly catalytically active and robust nanofiber-based fuel electrode with a hybrid structure,paving the way for further advancements and nanofiber applications in CO_(2)-SOECs.

Multicomponent Nanoparticles Synergistic One-Dimensional Nanofibers as Heterostructure Absorbers for Tunable and Efficient Microwave Absorption

Application of novel radio technologies and equip-ment inevitably leads to electromagnetic pollution.One-dimensional polymer-based composite membrane structures have been shown to be an effective strategy to obtain high-performance microwave absorbers.Herein,we reported a one-dimensional N-doped carbon nanofibers material which encapsulated the hollow Co_(3)SnC_(0.7) nano-cubes in the fiber lumen by electrospinning.Space charge stacking formed between nanoparticles can be channeled by longitudinal fibrous structures.The dielectric constant of the fibers is highly related to the carbonization temperature,and the great impedance matching can be achieved by synergetic effect between Co_(3)SnC_(0.7) and carbon network.At 800℃,the necklace-like Co_(3)SnC_(0.7)/CNF with 5%low load achieves an excellent RL value of−51.2 dB at 2.3 mm and the effective absorption bandwidth of 7.44 GHz with matching thickness of 2.5 mm.The multiple electromagnetic wave(EMW)reflections and interfacial polarization between the fibers and the fibers internal contribute a major effect to attenuating the EMW.These strategies for regulating electromagnetic performance can be expanded to other electromagnetic functional materials which facilitate the development of emerging absorbers.

Pea-like MoS_(2)@NiS_(1.03)-carbon heterostructured hollow nanofibers for high-performance sodium storage

The rational synergy of chemical composition and spatial nanostructures of electrode materials play important roles in high-performance energy storage devices.Here,we designed pea-like MoS_(2)@NiS_(1.03)-carbon hollow nanofibers using a simple electrospinning and thermal treatment method.The hierarchical hollow nanofiber is composed of a nitrogen-doped carbon-coated NiS_(1.03) tube wall,in which pea-like uniformly discrete MoS_(2) nanoparticles are enclosed.As a sodium-ion battery electrode material,the MoS_(2)@NiS_(1.03)-carbon hollow nanofibers have abundant diphasic heterointerfaces,a conductive network,and appropriate volume variation-buffering spaces,which can facilitate ion diffusion kinetics,shorten the diffusion path of electrons/ion,and buffer volume expansion during Na^(+)insertion/extraction.It shows outstanding rate capacity and long-cycle performance in a sodium-ion battery.This heterogeneous hollow nanoarchitectures designing enlightens an efficacious strategy to boost the capacity and long-life stability of sodium storage performance of electrode materials.

Integration of Desulfurization and Lithium-Sulfur Batteries Enabled by Amino-Functionalized Porous Carbon Nanofibers

Hydrogen sulfide(H_(2)S)is an industrial exhausted gas that is highly toxic to humans and the environment.Combining desulfurization and fabrication of cathode materials for lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs)can solve this issue with a double benefit.Herein,the amino-functionalized lotus root-like carbon nanofibers(NH_(2)-PLCNFs)are prepared by the amination of electrospinning carbon nanofibers under dielectric barrier discharge plasma.Selective catalytic oxidation of H_(2)S to elemental sulfur(S)is achieved over the metalfree NH_(2)-PLCNFs catalyst,and the obtained composite S@NH_(2)-PLCNFs is further used as cathode in LSBs.NH_(2)-PLCNFs enable efficient desulfurization(removal capacity as high as 3.46 g H_(2)S g^(−1) catalyst)and strongly covalent stabilization of S on modified carbon nanofibers.LSBs equipped with S@NH_(2)-PLCNFs deliver a high specific capacity of 705.8 mA h g^(−1) at 1 C after 1000 cycles based on the spatial confinement and the covalent stabilization of electroactive materials on amino-functionalized porous carbon matrix.It is revealed that S@NH_(2)-PLCNFs obtained by this kind of chemical vapor deposition leads to a more homogeneous S distribution and superior electrochemical performance to the sample S/NH_(2)-PLCNF-M prepared by the traditional molten infusion.This work opens a new avenue for the combination of environment protection and energy storage.

Ni_(3)Fe/Ni_(4)S_(3)/Ni/C Mixed Crystal Composite Nanofibers Prepared by Electrospinning and Heat Treatment Methods for Oxygen Evolution Reaction

OER catalyst of Ni_(3)Fe/Ni_(4)S_(3)/Ni/C(NiFeSC series)mixed crystal composite nanofibers was prepared by electrospinning and atmospheric heat treatment process.The testing results indicate that the diameters of Ni_(3)Fe/Ni_(4)S_(3)/Ni/C composite nanofibers is about 200 nm,the grains size is about 1-3 nm,and the fiber surface is rough.The electrochemical test results show that the heterojunction of the prepared Ni_(3)Fe/Ni_(4)S_(3)/Ni/C hybrid crystal composite nanofiber has synergistic effect with sulfide,and exhibits good electrocatalytic activity of water decomposition and OER in alkaline system.The OER electrocatalytic performance of Ni_(3)Fe/Ni_(4)S_(3)/Ni/C composite electrode prepared via a heat treatment at 1000℃process was tested in 1 mol/L KOH electrolytes.The results show that the overpotential is about 298 mV,the Tafel slope is about 74 mV?dec-1,and the surface resistance is about 1.69Ω·cm^(2),at the current density of 10 mA·cm^(-2).

Electrospun gelatin/chitosan nanofibers containing curcumin for multifunctional food packaging

Recently,food grade nanofiber-based materials have received growing attentions in food packaging.In this work,novel active and intelligent packaging nanofibers based on gelatin/chitosan with curcumin(GA/CS/CUR)were developed via electrospinning technique.Effects of the incorporation of CUR content(0.1%-0.3%,m/m)on the microstructure and functional properties of the electrospun nanofibers were investigated.Morphological studies using scanning electron microscopy indicated that loading CUR can affect the average diameter of nanofiber mats,which remained around 160-180 nm.The addition of an appropriate level CUR(0.2%,m/m)led to a stronger intermolecular interaction,and thus enhanced the thermal stability and tensile strength of the obtained nanofibers.Meanwhile,the incorporation of CUR significantly improved antioxidant activity and the antimicrobial activity of GA/CS/CUR nanofibers.Moreover,the sensitivity of nanofibers to ammonia results indicated that GA/CS nanofibers containing 0.2%CUR(GA/CS/CURⅡ)presented high sensitivity of colorimetric behavior to ammonia(within 3 min).These results suggest GA/CS/CURⅡnanofibers has great potential as a multifunctional packaging to protect and monitor the freshness of proteinrich animal foods,such as meat and seafood.

Sustained release of vascular endothelial growth factor A and basic fibroblast growth factor from nanofiber membranes reduces oxygen/glucose deprivation-induced injury to neurovascular units

Upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor A/basic fibroblast growth factor(VEGFA/b FGF)expression in the penumbra of cerebral ischemia can increase vascular volume,reduce lesion volume,and enhance neural cell proliferation and differentiation,thereby exerting neuroprotective effects.However,the beneficial effects of endogenous VEGFA/b FGF are limited as their expression is only transiently increased.In this study,we generated multilayered nanofiber membranes loaded with VEGFA/b FGF using layer-by-layer self-assembly and electrospinning techniques.We found that a membrane containing 10 layers had an ideal ultrastructure and could efficiently and stably release growth factors for more than 1 month.This 10-layered nanofiber membrane promoted brain microvascular endothelial cell tube formation and proliferation,inhibited neuronal apoptosis,upregulated the expression of tight junction proteins,and improved the viability of various cellular components of neurovascular units under conditions of oxygen/glucose deprivation.Furthermore,this nanofiber membrane decreased the expression of Janus kinase-2/signal transducer and activator of transcription-3(JAK2/STAT3),Bax/Bcl-2,and cleaved caspase-3.Therefore,this nanofiber membrane exhibits a neuroprotective effect on oxygen/glucose-deprived neurovascular units by inhibiting the JAK2/STAT3 pathway.

A General Strategy to Electrospin Nanofibers with Ultrahigh Molecular Chain Orientation

The degree of polymer chain orientation is a key structural parameter that determines the mechanical and physical properties of fibers.However,understanding and significantly tuning the orientation of fiber macromolecular chains remain elusive.Herein,we propose a novel electrospinning technique that can efficiently modulate molecular chain orientation by controlling the electric field.In contrast to the typical electrospinning method,this technique can piecewise control the electric field by applying high voltage to the metal ring instead of the needle.Benefiting from this change,a new electric field distribution can be realized,leading to a non-monotonic change in the drafting force.As a result,the macromolecular chain orientation of polyethylene oxide(PEO)nanofibers was significantly improved with a recordhigh infrared dichroic ratio.This was further confirmed by the sharp decrease in the PEO jet fineness of approximately 80%and the nanofiber diameter from 298 to 114 nm.Interestingly,the crystallinity can also be adjusted,with an obvious drop from 74.9%to 31.7%,which is different from the high crystallinity caused by oriented chains in common materials.This work guides a new perspective for the preparation of advanced electrospun nanofibers with optimal orientation–crystallinity properties,a merited feature for various applications.

Hetero-Janus Nanofibers as an Ideal Framework for Promoting Water-pollutant Photoreforming Hydrogen Evolution

Photoreforming hydrogen evolution(Pr-HE)of a water-pollutant system could simultaneously achieve efficient hydrogen production and pollutant degradation.It provides a new way to solve energy and environmental issues,but the poor internal charge separation still limits its performance.This work designed hetero-Janus nanofibers(HJNFs)with ordered electric field distribution and separated redox surfaces to promote Pr-HE of the water-pollutant system.Taking ZnO/NiO heterojunction as an example,the hetero-Janus structures were prepared via"Dual-channel"electrospinning and further confirmed by the element morphology analysis and asymmetric distribution of the XPS spectra.The theoretical simulation showed that Janus structures could effectively inhibit the electron trap and hole trap generation,then accelerate the directional carrier migration to the surface.Experimental investigations also confirmed that Janus structures could effectively suppress internal exciton luminescence and accelerate surface charge transfer.The Pr-HE amount and the corresponding propranolol(PRO)degradation rate of HJNFs were 7.9 and 1.5 times higher than hetero-mixed nanofibers(HMNFs).The enhancement factor of Pr-HE in water-PRO to pure water was about 3.1,but nearly zero for HMNFs.This prominent synergistic effect was due to the enhancement of charge separation and the inhibition of cascade side reaction from hetero-Janus structures.Furthermore,the synchronous Pr-HE and degradation reactions were significantly promoted by selective introducing Ag nanoparticles in one side of the HJNFs for enlarging the interfacial Fermi energy level difference.The hetero-Janus strategy offers a new perspective on designing efficient photoreforming photocatalysts for energy and environment applications.

PtZn nanoparticles supported on porous nitrogen-doped carbon nanofibers as highly stable electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction

The oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)electrocatalytic activity of Pt-based catalysts can be significantly improved by supporting Pt and its alloy nanoparticles(NPs)on a porous carbon support with large surface area.However,such catalysts are often obtained by constructing porous carbon support followed by depositing Pt and its alloy NPs inside the pores,in which the migration and agglomeration of Pt NPs are inevitable under harsh operating conditions owing to the relatively weak interaction between NPs and carbon support.Here we develop a facile electrospinning strategy to in-situ prepare small-sized PtZn NPs supported on porous nitrogen-doped carbon nanofibers.Electrochemical results demonstrate that the as-prepared PtZn alloy catalyst exhibits excellent initial ORR activity with a half-wave potential(E_(1/2))of 0.911 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode(vs.RHE)and enhanced durability with only decreasing 11 mV after 30,000 potential cycles,compared to a more significant drop of 24 mV in E_(1/2)of Pt/C catalysts(after 10,000 potential cycling).Such a desirable performance is ascribed to the created triple-phase reaction boundary assisted by the evaporation of Zn and strengthened interaction between nanoparticles and the carbon support,inhibiting the migration and aggregation of NPs during the ORR.

Chemically activated carbon nanofibers for adsorptive removal of bisphenol-A:Batch adsorption and breakthrough curve study

Activated carbon nanofibers(ACNFs)with small diameter can significantly increase the accessibility of intra pores and accelerate adsorption of molecules from water.In this study,ACNFs were made by blending K_(2)CO_(3)or ZnCl_(2)as the activating agent into the polyacrylonitrile(PAN)in dimethylformamide solution for electrospinning prior to pyrolysis.Bisphenol-A(BPA),an endocrine disruption pollutant,is widely applied in the production of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins.Accordingly,BPA is often used as a model contaminant commonly removed via adsorption.Batch adsorption studies were used to evaluate the kinetics and adsorption capacity of the ACNFs.Redlich-Peterson(R-P)and Langmuir models were found to fit the isotherm of BPA adsorption better than Freundlich model,showing the homogeneous nature of the PAN originated ACNFs.The adsorption kinetics was better described by the pseudo second-order model than that by the pseudo first-order model.The fitting by intraparticle diffusion model indicates the adsorption of BPA onto ACNFs is mainly controlled by pore diffusion.High pH value and ionic strength reduced BPA adsorption from aqueous solution.The breakthrough curves studied in two different fixed bed systems(cross flow bed system and packed flow bed system)confirmed the scalability of BPA removal by ACNFs in dynamic adsorption processes.The modified dose-response model predicted well the fixed-bed outlet concentration profiles.

3D Free-Standing Carbon Nanofibers Modified by Lithiophilic Metals Enabling Dendrite-Free Anodes for Li Metal Batteries

Li metal with high-energy density is considered as the most promising anode for the next-generation rechargeable Li metal batteries;however,the growth of Li dendrites seriously hinders its practical application.Herein,3D free-standing carbon nanofibers modified by lithiophilic metal particles(CNF/Me,Me=Sn,Fe,Co)are obtained in situ by the electrospinning method.Benefiting from the lithophilicity,the CNF/Me composite may effectively prevent the formation of Li dendrites in the Li metal batteries.The optimized CNF/Sn–Li composite electrode exhibits a stable cycle life of over 2350 h during Li plating/stripping.When matched with typical commercial LiFePO_(4)(LFP)cathode,the LFP//CNF/Sn–Li full cell presents a high initial discharge specific capacity of 139 mAh g^(−1)at 1 C,which remains at 146 mAh g^(−1)after 400 cycles.When another state-of-the-art commercial LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_(2)(NCM(811))cathode is used,the assembled NCM//CNF/Sn–Li full cell shows a large initial specific discharge capacity of 206 mAh g^(−1)at substantially enhanced 10 C,which keeps at the good capacity of 99 mAh g^(−1)after 300 cycles.These results are greatly superior to the counterparts with Li as the anodes,indicating the great potential for practical utilization of the advanced CNF/Sn–Li electrode.

Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers as Reinforcement for Preparation of Bamboo Pulp Based Composite Paper

Bamboo fibers(BFs),with features of renewability and biodegradability,have been widely used in paper-making products.In order to improve the mechanical properties and water absorption behaviors of the BF paper,bacterial cellulose nanofibers(BCNFs)as environmentally friendly nano-fibrillated cellulose(NFC)were combined with BFs.The structures and properties of the BF/BCNF composite paper were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transforms infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy,mechanical tests,pore size tests,and water absorption tests.The results indicated that the addition of BCNFs could significantly improve the water absorption capacity and mechanical properties.The water absorption ratio of the BF/BCNF composite paper with a BCNF mass fraction of 9%comes to 443%,about 1.33 times that of the pure BF paper.At the same BCNF content,the tensile strength of the BF/BCNF composite paper in dry and wet states was 12.37 MPa and 200.9 kPa,respectively,increasing by 98.24%and 136.91%as compared with that of the BF paper.

Ultra-broadband microwave absorber and high-performance pressure sensor based on aramid nanofiber,polypyrrole and nickel porous aerogel

Electronic devices have become ubiquitous in our daily lives,leading to a surge in the use of microwave absorbers and wearable sensor devices across various sectors.A prime example of this trend is the aramid nanofibers/polypyrrole/nickel(APN)aerogels,which serve dual roles as both microwave absorbers and pressure sensors.In this work,we focused on the preparation of aramid nanofibers/polypyrrole(AP15)aerogels,where the mass ratio of aramid nanofibers to pyrrole was 1:5.We employed the oxidative polymerization method for the preparation process.Following this,nickel was thermally evaporated onto the surface of the AP15 aerogels,resulting in the creation of an ultralight(9.35 mg·cm^(-3)).This aerogel exhibited a porous structure.The introduction of nickel into the aerogel aimed to enhance magnetic loss and adjust impedance matching,thereby improving electromagnetic wave absorption performance.The minimum reflection loss value achieved was-48.7 dB,and the maximum effective absorption bandwidth spanned 8.42 GHz with a thickness of 2.9 mm.These impressive metrics can be attributed to the three-dimensional network porous structure of the aerogel and perfect impedance matching.Moreover,the use of aramid nanofibers and a three-dimensional hole structure endowed the APN aerogels with good insulation,flame-retardant properties,and compression resilience.Even under a compression strain of 50%,the aerogel maintained its resilience over 500 cycles.The incorporation of polypyrrole and nickel particles further enhanced the conductivity of the aerogel.Consequently,the final APN aerogel sensor demonstrated high sensitivity(10.78 kPa-1)and thermal stability.In conclusion,the APN aerogels hold significant promise as ultra-broadband microwave absorbers and pressure sensors.

Engineering the spectra of photon triplets generated from micro/nanofiber

Quantum light sources are the core resources for photonics-based quantum information processing.We investigate the spectral engineering of photon triplets generated by third-order spontaneous parametric down-conversion in micro/nanofiber.The phase mismatching at one-third pump frequency gives rise to non-degenerate photon triplets,the joint spectral intensity of which has an elliptical locus with a fixed eccentricity of√6/3.Therefore,we propose a frequency-division scheme to separate non-degenerate photon triplets into three channels with high heralding efficiency for the first time.Choosing an appropriate pump wavelength can compensate for the fabrication errors of micro/nanofiber and also generate narrowband,non-degenerate photon triplet sources with a high signal-to-noise ratio.Furthermore,the long-period micro/nanofiber grating introduces a new controllable degree of freedom to tailor phase matching,resulting from the periodic oscillation of dispersion.In this scheme,the wavelength of photon triplets can be flexibly tuned using quasi-phase matching.We study the generation of photon triplets from this novel perspective of spectrum engineering,and we believe that this work will accelerate the practical implementation of photon triplets in quantum information processing.

Direct fabrication of cerium oxide hollow nanofibers by electrospinning

Electrospinning technique was used to fabricate PVP/Ce（NO3）3 composite microfibers. Different morphological CeO2 nanofibers were obtained by calcination of the PVP/Ce（NO3）3 composite microfibers and were characterized by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, Transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, X-ray diffraction （XRD）, thermal gravimetric and differential thermal analysis （TG-DTA）, and （FTIR）. SEM micrographs indicated that the surface of the composite fibers was smooth and became coarse with the increase of calcination temperatures. The diameters of CeO2 hollow nanofibers （300 nm at 600 ℃ and 600 nm at 800 ℃ ） were smaller than those of PVP/Ce（NO3）3 composite fibers （1-2 um ）. CeO2 hollow nanofibers were obtained at 600 ℃ and CeO2 hollow and porous nanofibers formed by nanoparti- cles were obtained at 800 ℃. The length of the CeO2 hollow nanofibers was greater than 50 um. XRD analysis revealed that the composite microfibers were amorphous in structure and CeO2 nanofibers were cubic in structure with space group O^5H - FM3m when calcination tem- peratures were 600-800 ℃. TG-DTA and FTIR revealed that the formation of CeO2 nanofibers was largely influenced by the calcination temperatures. Possible formation mechanism of CeO2 hollow nanofibers was proposed.

Electrospun nanofibers as a wound dressing for treating diabetic foot ulcer

Diabetes is one of the most prevalent diseases in the world with high-mortality and complex complications including diabetic foot ulcer(DFU). It has been reported that the difficulties in repairing the wound related to DFU has much relationship with the wound infection,change of inflammatory responses, lack of extracellular matrix(ECM), and the failure of angiogenesis. Following the development of medical materials and pharmaceutical technology, nanofibers has been developed by electrospinning with huge porosity, excellent humidity absorption, a better oxygen exchange rate, and some antibacterial activities. That is to say, as a potential material, nanofibers must be a wonderful candidate for the DFU treatment with so many benefits. Careful selection of polymers from natural resource and synthetic resource can widen the nanofibrous application. Popular methods applied for the nanofibrous fabrication consist of uniaxial electrospinning and coaxial electrospinning. Furthermore, nanofibers loading chemical, biochemical active pharmaceutical ingredient(API)or even stem cells can be wonderful dosage forms for the treatment of DFU. This review summarizes the present techniques applied in the fabrication of nanofibrous dressing(ND)that utilizes a variety of materials and active agents to offer a better health care for the patients suffering from DFU.

Electrospun CoSe@N-doped carbon nanofibers with highly capacitive Li storage

One-dimensional nano-structured materials have attracted attention due to its unique properties afforded such as the across-linked structures and large aspect ratios.In this work,one-dimensional CoSe@N-doped carbon nanofibers(CoSe@NCNFs)are successfully by combining the techniques of electrospinning and annealing.Selenium powder are directly dispersed in the polyacrylonitrile/N,N-Dimethylformamide(DMF)solution containing cobalt salt to form the product.The performance of these materials was investigated in Li-ion batteries after the annealing at different temperatures.The Co Se@NC nanofibers annealed at 550℃(CoSe@NC-550)and displayed excellent storage properties,affording a high capacity of 796 m Ah·g-1at a current density of 1 A·g^-1 for 100 cycles.Moreover,it is confirmed that the pseudocapacitive contribution of CoSe@NC-550 is up to 72.8%at the scan rate of 1 mV/s through the cyclic voltammetry analysis.