Spectral matching algorithm based on nonsubsampled contourlet transform and scale-invariant feature transform

A new spectral matching algorithm is proposed by us- ing nonsubsampled contourlet transform and scale-invariant fea- ture transform. The nonsubsampled contourlet transform is used to decompose an image into a low frequency image and several high frequency images, and the scale-invariant feature transform is employed to extract feature points from the low frequency im- age. A proximity matrix is constructed for the feature points of two related images. By singular value decomposition of the proximity matrix, a matching matrix （or matching result） reflecting the match- ing degree among feature points is obtained. Experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithm can reduce time complexity and possess a higher accuracy.

Active Shape Models Using Scale Invariant Feature Transform

A new active shape models (ASMs) was presented, which is driven by scale invariant feature transform (SIFT) local descriptor instead of normalizing first order derivative profiles in the original formulation, to segment lung fields from chest radiographs. The modified SIFT local descriptor, more distinctive than the general intensity and gradient features, is used to characterize the image features in the vicinity of each pixel at each resolution level during the segmentation optimization procedure. Experimental results show that the proposed method is more robust and accurate than the original ASMs in terms of an average overlap percentage and average contour distance in segmenting the lung fields from an available public database.

Robust Radiometric Normalization of the near Equatorial Satellite Images Using Feature Extraction and Remote Sensing Analysis

Relative radiometric normalization (RRN) minimizes radiometric differences among images caused by inconsistencies of acquisition conditions rather than changes in surface. Scale invariant feature transform (SIFT) has the ability to automatically extract control points (CPs) and is commonly used for remote sensing images. However, its results are mostly inaccurate and sometimes contain incorrect matching caused by generating a small number of false CP pairs. These CP pairs have high false alarm matching. This paper presents a modified method to improve the performance of SIFT CPs matching by applying sum of absolute difference (SAD) in a different manner for the new optical satellite generation called near-equatorial orbit satellite and multi-sensor images. The proposed method, which has a significantly high rate of correct matches, improves CP matching. The data in this study were obtained from the RazakSAT satellite a new near equatorial satellite system. The proposed method involves six steps: 1) data reduction, 2) applying the SIFT to automatically extract CPs, 3) refining CPs matching by using SAD algorithm with empirical threshold, and 4) calculation of true CPs intensity values over all image’ bands, 5) preforming a linear regression model between the intensity values of CPs locate in reverence and sensed image’ bands, 6) Relative radiometric normalization conducting using regression transformation functions. Different thresholds have experimentally tested and used in conducting this study (50 and 70), by followed the proposed method, and it removed the false extracted SIFT CPs to be from 775, 1125, 883, 804, 883 and 681 false pairs to 342, 424, 547, 706, 547, and 469 corrected and matched pairs, respectively.

Face recognition using SIFT features under 3D meshes

Expression, occlusion, and pose variations are three main challenges for 3D face recognition. A novel method is presented to address 3D face recognition using scale-invariant feature transform(SIFT) features on 3D meshes. After preprocessing, shape index extrema on the 3D facial surface are selected as keypoints in the difference scale space and the unstable keypoints are removed after two screening steps. Then, a local coordinate system for each keypoint is established by principal component analysis(PCA).Next, two local geometric features are extracted around each keypoint through the local coordinate system. Additionally, the features are augmented by the symmetrization according to the approximate left-right symmetry in human face. The proposed method is evaluated on the Bosphorus, BU-3DFE, and Gavab databases, respectively. Good results are achieved on these three datasets. As a result, the proposed method proves robust to facial expression variations, partial external occlusions and large pose changes.

Modified SIFT descriptor and key-point matching for fast and robust image mosaic

To improve the performance of the scale invariant feature transform （ SIFT）, a modified SIFT （M-SIFT） descriptor is proposed to realize fast and robust key-point extraction and matching. In descriptor generation, 3 rotation-invariant concentric-ring grids around the key-point location are used instead of 16 square grids used in the original SIFT. Then, 10 orientations are accumulated for each grid, which results in a 30-dimension descriptor. In descriptor matching, rough rejection mismatches is proposed based on the difference of grey information between matching points. The per- formance of the proposed method is tested for image mosaic on simulated and real-worid images. Experimental results show that the M-SIFT descriptor inherits the SIFT＇ s ability of being invariant to image scale and rotation, illumination change and affine distortion. Besides the time cost of feature extraction is reduced by 50% compared with the original SIFT. And the rough rejection mismatches can reject at least 70% of mismatches. The results also demonstrate that the performance of the pro- posed M-SIFT method is superior to other improved SIFT methods in speed and robustness.

基于SIFT特征点提取的ICP配准算法

为解决传统迭代最近点(ICP)算法对点云配准的起始点对选择不佳而导致配准时间长、效率低的问题,提出一种基于尺度不变特征变换(SIFT)特征点提取的ICP点云配准算法(ST-ICP)。首先使用SIFT算法进行原始点云与目标点云的SIFT特征点提取,根据提取特征点完成快速点特征直方图(FPFH)特征运算,通过采样一致性初始配准算法(SAC-IA)搜索对应点对、求解变换矩阵,再进一步运用ICP算法进行点云精细配准。实验结果表明:与ICP算法相比较,ST-ICP算法的配准误差在迭代次数为5次时减小了1.019 cm,迭代次数为10次时减小了0.443 cm;在配准误差达到10^(-2) cm级别时,ST-ICP算法所用时间比传统ICP算法减少了12.829 s。ST-ICP算法优化了对应点对的选择,提升了配准精度和配准效率。

基于改进SIFT算法的城市航拍图像快速拼接方法

城市航拍图像在城市规划、土地管理、环境监测和基础设施建设等领域具有广泛应用。针对无人机航拍高度越高,图像捕获成本越高,图像质量或能见度越低的问题,使用低空无人机来大量捕获图像;针对经典的尺度不变特征转换(SIFT)图像拼接算法存在匹配稳定性差、拼接质量差的问题,提出一种改进SIFT算法,通过提取图像金字塔模型,提高了匹配的稳定性;采用RANSAC算法减少局外点的干扰,提高图像拼接质量;采用混合平均加权法消除重叠区域接缝,最终实现了图像快速精准拼接。仿真实验结果显示,改进后的SIFT算法在图像拼接稳定性和质量上均表现较好,能获得良好且完整的拼接图像。

一种基于谱图SIFT的同源频谱监测数据判定方法

随着各类无线电应用的普及,在一定空间范围内,超短波监测过程中的监测数据易受到非同源的同频或邻频信号的影响,仅依靠常规监测中的频谱数据是无法判定信号是否同源的,因而不同监测站点获得的数据缺乏关联性,数据分析结果可能产生误导,降低工作效率。依据人工监测的经验,尝试用计算机视觉等技术分析监测数据的频谱图和时频谱图,结合谱图特性引入角度阈值改进SIFT算法的特征点匹配模式,以适应无线电监测数据分析的需要,并提出以图像特征点检测匹配率为前提,利用卡帕值综合评价两种谱图同源判定结果一致性的方法。通过实验模拟和实例验证,两种谱图同源判定结果的卡帕值为0.7605,达到高度一致;同时,所提方法在实践过程中有提高工作效率的作用,具备操作可行性和实际意义。

Image matching algorithm based on SIFT using color and exposure information

Image matching based on scale invariant feature transform（SIFT） is one of the most popular image matching algorithms, which exhibits high robustness and accuracy. Grayscale images rather than color images are generally used to get SIFT descriptors in order to reduce the complexity. The regions which have a similar grayscale level but different hues tend to produce wrong matching results in this case. Therefore, the loss of color information may result in decreasing of matching ratio. An image matching algorithm based on SIFT is proposed, which adds a color offset and an exposure offset when converting color images to grayscale images in order to enhance the matching ratio. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively differentiate the regions with different colors but the similar grayscale level, and increase the matching ratio of image matching based on SIFT. Furthermore, it does not introduce much complexity than the traditional SIFT.

Algorithm Based on Morphological Component Analysis and Scale-Invariant Feature Transform for Image Registration

In this paper, we proposed a registration method by combining the morphological component analysis(MCA) and scale-invariant feature transform(SIFT) algorithm. This method uses the perception dictionaries,and combines the Basis-Pursuit algorithm and the Total-Variation regularization scheme to extract the cartoon part containing basic geometrical information from the original image, and is stable and unsusceptible to noise interference. Then a smaller number of the distinctive key points will be obtained by using the SIFT algorithm based on the cartoon part of the original image. Matching the key points by the constrained Euclidean distance,we will obtain a more correct and robust matching result. The experimental results show that the geometrical transform parameters inferred by the matched key points based on MCA+SIFT registration method are more exact than the ones based on the direct SIFT algorithm.

基于SIFT和自适应阈值的RANSAC算法的茶饼图像配准研究

在茶饼图像的特征点精匹配中,人工选择阈值会导致误匹配和漏匹配问题,为此提出一种基于F1-Score最大化的方法,自动选取距离阈值的随机抽样一致性(RANSAC)算法进行特征点对筛选。用尺度不变特征变换(SIFT)算法提取茶饼图像的特征点,采用快速近似最近邻(FLANN)算法将异源图像提取出来的特征点进行粗匹配,用改进后的RANSAC算法优化特征点匹配。通过对比不同算法的匹配准确率和均方根误差,证明本文算法在经过旋转、视角以及亮度变换的茶饼图像上能够综合考虑准确率和召回率,自适应地确定一个距离阈值,改进后的RANSAC算法使其准确率最大可以提高18.9%,均方根误差平均降低0.706 pixel,研究证明所提算法能够达到更好的匹配效果。

基于SIFT特征点提取算法的三维数字影像重建方法

针对在数字影像三维重建过程中,由于原始数据中存在噪声和失真等不足,导致特征匹配效率和精度较低的问题,提出基于SIFT(Scale-Invariant Feature Transform)特征点提取算法的三维数字影像重建方法。采用双边滤波算法对数字影像中的环境噪声实施消除处理,并保留数字影像的边缘信息,提高特征点提取精度;通过尺度不变特征转换(SIFT)算法对其提取特征点,得到数字影像的特征点对;将该特征点对作为初始面片,利用空间目标多视影像密集匹配方法,实现对数字影像的三维重建。实验结果表明,所提方法特征匹配效率和匹配精度高,且降噪能力强,生成的三维重建影像所需平均时间为26.74 ms。

基于特征点和SAR-SIFT算法的林权测绘地形图像几何配准

目前常规的测绘地形图像几何配准主要通过对单应性矩阵进行求解,从而实现图像配准,由于对待配准图像的灰度化处理程度较低,导致配准精度较差。对此,本文研究基于特征点和合成孔径雷达(SAR)-尺度不变特征变换(SIFT)算法的林权测绘地形图像几何配准方法。首先对SAR图像成像机理进行分析,在此基础上采用滤波算法对图像进行处理,并采用加权平均法对红、绿、蓝三原色(RGB)通道分量进行灰度化处理。然后结合SAR-SIFT算法,构建多层次的尺度空间,并结合海森矩阵对像素梯度值进行计算,生成特征描述子。最后通过对特征描述子的相似度进行计算,结合匹配阈值,实现图像特征点的匹配。实验结果表明:采用基于特征点和SAR-SIFT算法的林权测绘地形图像几何配准方法对图像进行几何配准时,算法的均方根误差值较小,具备较为理想的几何配准精度。

基于EOSHHO-SIFT的混合域鲁棒图像水印算法

针对含水印信息的图像对几何攻击鲁棒性不强的问题,提出一种基于改进的尺度不变特征变换(Elite opposition-learning strategy based Harris hawks optimization and Scale-invariant feature transform, EOSHHO-SIFT)的图像水印算法。首先,水印预处理:对水印进行基于奇异值分解的预处理,得到需要嵌入奇异矩阵的信息;其次,载体预处理:对载体图像进行HAAR多小波变换,并在变换后的载体图像中使用EOSHHO-SIFT算法进行特征点提取;再次,水印嵌入:上述特征点作为鲁棒水印的嵌入区域,而用EOSHHO-SIFT优化后的特征点进行鲁棒水印的嵌入;最后,水印提取:利用HAAR以及EOSHHO-SIFT提取出含有水印信息的特征点,并利用此特征点所含的奇异值信息对水印进行重组。仿真结果表明,与其它不具有旋转不变特性的图像水印算法相比,算法具有较强的抗噪声、抗滤波以及抗几何攻击的能力。

Wide-baseline stereo matching based on multiple views

To solve the problem of wide-baseline stereo image matching based on multiple cameras,the paper puts forward an image matching method of combining maximally stable extremal regions (MSER) with Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) . It uses MSER to detect feature regions instead of difference of Gaussian. After fitted into elliptical regions,those regions will be normalized into unity circles and represented with SIFT descriptors. The method estimates fundamental matrix and removes outliers by auto-maximum a posteriori sample consensus after initial matching feature points. The experimental results indicate that the method is robust to viewpoint changes,can reduce computational complexity effectively and improve matching accuracy.

多聚焦图像离焦模糊区域的SIFT特征提取

常规的尺度不变特征变换(SIFT)图像特征提取方法难以提取多聚焦图像离焦模糊区域的特征,使得图像间存在局部、少量的公共特征,导致多聚焦图像配准精度差,严重影响后续图像融合和三维重建质量。在分析图像离焦模糊区域特征提取不确定性的基础上,提出了一种多聚焦图像离焦模糊区域的SIFT特征提取方法。首先提取多聚焦图像聚焦清晰区域的SIFT特征,再利用光流跟踪提取对应离焦模糊区域的SIFT特征,避免了在离焦模糊区域直接提取SIFT特征的不确定性。实验结果表明:提出的方法在离焦模糊区域具有良好的SIFT特征提取能力和提取精度,能实现多聚焦图像SIFT特征匹配数量显著增长,SIFT特征提取的误差为0.03~0.39 pixels,优于现有方法的0.21~1.71 pixels。降低了离焦模糊区域SIFT特征提取的不确定性,为多聚焦图像精确配准奠定了基础。

SIFT与SURF在指纹识别系统中的性能对比

要实现指纹识别技术,必须使用图像特征的提取技术,尺度不变特征变换(ScaleInvariantFeature Transform,SIFT)和加速稳健特征(Speeded Up Robust Features,SURF)是目前运用比较广泛的两种图像特征提取算法。为验证哪种算法在指纹识别领域更适用,文章使用同一手指指纹的多张照片为图库,分别使用两种方法进行同一图自我匹配、指纹角度、范围不同图片匹配及较为模糊的图片匹配等实验。通过实验得出:虽然SIFT算法比SURF算法耗时更长,但是使用SIFT算法的运算量小于SURF算法,因此两种算法花费的时间近乎相等;在指纹对比库的创建方面,SIFT算法要优于SURF算法;在指纹匹配识别过程中,无论是同一张图片自我匹配,还是指纹角度和范围不同的图片进行匹配、指纹不清晰的图片进行匹配,SIFT算法的成功匹配点比SURF算法的成功匹配点分布更均匀,且数量相近或更多。可见,在指纹识别系统中,使用SIFT算法比SURF算法更合适。

一种针对于描述子的SIFT简化方法

由于目前的SIFT(scale invariant feature transform)特征提取算法具有较高的时间复杂度,不利于大规模的数据存储和搜索,提出一种简化的SIFT局部图像特征提取算法。改进的SIFT算法针对于描述子生成部分进行简化,将原算法中特征点描述子的矩形区域改为圆形区域,并将RANSAC(random sample consensus)算法应用于SIFT特征匹配中,有效地剔除错误匹配点。采用K.Mikolajczyk的衡量方法,即查全率和错误率进行评估。实验结果显示,算法在旋转、光照、视角变化等情况下都有很好的匹配效果,并且降低了时间复杂度。

一种简化的SIFT图像特征点提取算法

针对目前尺度不变的图像特征点提取算法计算量较大,算法较复杂的问题,提出一种简化的SIFT图像特征点提取算法。此算法通过改变金字塔尺度空间的结构实现对SIFT特征点提取过程的简化,通过改变特征点描述子的结构实现对特征向量计算的简化,从而在保证算法鲁棒性的同时减少了计算量并增强了实时性。实验证明了该算法的有效性。

改进SIFT算法在文字图像匹配中的应用

使用SIFT算法对文字图像进行特征提取时,产生的特征点数目较少,且不同文字产生的特征向量存在强干扰性,导致匹配准确率较低。为此,提出一种改进的SIFT算法。该算法利用二值化图像代替灰度图像,增加特征点数目,并取消SIFT的旋转不变性。实验结果证明,与标准SIFT算法相比,改进SIFT算法能有效提高文字图像匹配的准确率。