In-situ upgrading by heating is feasible for low-maturity shale oil,where the pore space dynamically evolves.We characterize this response for a heated substrate concurrently imaged by SEM.We systematically follow the...In-situ upgrading by heating is feasible for low-maturity shale oil,where the pore space dynamically evolves.We characterize this response for a heated substrate concurrently imaged by SEM.We systematically follow the evolution of pore quantity,size(length,width and cross-sectional area),orientation,shape(aspect ratio,roundness and solidity)and their anisotropy—interpreted by machine learning.Results indicate that heating generates new pores in both organic matter and inorganic minerals.However,the newly formed pores are smaller than the original pores and thus reduce average lengths and widths of the bedding-parallel pore system.Conversely,the average pore lengths and widths are increased in the bedding-perpendicular direction.Besides,heating increases the cross-sectional area of pores in low-maturity oil shales,where this growth tendency fluctuates at<300℃ but becomes steady at>300℃.In addition,the orientation and shape of the newly-formed heating-induced pores follow the habit of the original pores and follow the initial probability distributions of pore orientation and shape.Herein,limited anisotropy is detected in pore direction and shape,indicating similar modes of evolution both bedding-parallel and bedding-normal.We propose a straightforward but robust model to describe evolution of pore system in low-maturity oil shales during heating.展开更多
Three types of osteoblast-like cells with different cnfigurations could be ob-tained through culturing fetal chicken calvaria in vitro. They were spindle-shaped cells,globular cells, and polygonal or squamous cells. W...Three types of osteoblast-like cells with different cnfigurations could be ob-tained through culturing fetal chicken calvaria in vitro. They were spindle-shaped cells,globular cells, and polygonal or squamous cells. With passage of culture time, there werechanges in configuration so that the spindle-shaped cells and the globular cells turnedgradually into squamous cells, in quantity which increased greatly to produce confluenceand multi-layer formation of cells, and in function as evidenced by emergence ofintracytoplasmic granules, reflecting collagen synthesis.展开更多
To observe the morphologic characteristics of spermatozoon ultramicroscopic structure in uremic subjects.Method Semen sample from lO patients with uremia and 5 healthy men were observed under light microscope and scan...To observe the morphologic characteristics of spermatozoon ultramicroscopic structure in uremic subjects.Method Semen sample from lO patients with uremia and 5 healthy men were observed under light microscope and scanning electronic microscope.Results Abnormalities were found in sperms of uremic patients either in the sperm head （acrosome, acrosomic deficit, nuclear abnormality, pointed head, headless and double head of spermatozoon）, neck （rupture, separation and enlargement）, or tail （mitochondrial swelling, mitochondrial deficit, tailless, double tail, short tail and curled tail）; whereas none of the above-mentioned abnormalities was observed in healthy men. Conclusion Sperms of uremic patients had many morphologic and structural abnormalities in the head, neck and tail.展开更多
Two postpartum cows were used to study the ultrastructural changes of uterine endometrium by using scanning electron microscope.The results showed that the process of repair of uterine endometrium after calving was de...Two postpartum cows were used to study the ultrastructural changes of uterine endometrium by using scanning electron microscope.The results showed that the process of repair of uterine endometrium after calving was demonstrated by scanning electron microscope through a series of endometrium biopsy.Some part of the endometrium was damaged after calving and its adjacent endometrium cells became necrosis and exfoliated during the first 7 days post-partum;the cilium and microvillus of the epithelial cell in the undamaged area of the endometrium disappeared.By 26 days postpartum the damaged area reduced and the cilium and microvillus increased in their numbers.The damaged tissues were all repaired by day 60 postpartum.展开更多
Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an economic important crop and one of the major grain legumes for human consumption in Latin America, Africa and Asia. A morphological study of shoot induced from embryonic axes ...Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an economic important crop and one of the major grain legumes for human consumption in Latin America, Africa and Asia. A morphological study of shoot induced from embryonic axes development in four Costa Rican bean varieties (Brunca, Huetar, Guaymi and Bribri) cultivated on MS media with or without 5 mg·L–1 de N6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was developed in the present work. Micrographs showed similarities and differences in the ultrastructure of the apical dome, epidermal surface, stomata and different types of trichomes in the varieties cultivated on organogenesis media. Genotypes with advantageous morphological characteristics for genetic transformation, in particular an exposed apical dome, were identified. This work will contribute to the optimization of the in vitro regeneration of four common bean varieties.展开更多
The direct impact of seed-borne fungi on seed is considerable. Many fungi are serious parasites of seed primordial and maturing seeds and reduce yield of seed both quantitatively and qualitatively. Other fungi, includ...The direct impact of seed-borne fungi on seed is considerable. Many fungi are serious parasites of seed primordial and maturing seeds and reduce yield of seed both quantitatively and qualitatively. Other fungi, including saprophytes and very weak parasites, may lower the quality of seeds by causing discoloration which may seriously depreciate the commercial value of seeds, particularly of grain when graded for consumption. Studies by using scanning electron microscopy （SEM） confirmed the importance of the seed coat, and seed cells as infection sites as well as location of the mycelium of the investigated fungus. Macrophominaphaseolina The present investigation is undertaken to study the colonization, infection and fungal establishment on different sesame seed parts by （SEM）. A successful colonization of M. phaseolina to seed tissues was also detected. Different forms of pycnidial shapes were also observed.展开更多
Permanent waving is very popular in Japan. Polypeptide chains (main chains) form the principal components of hair, and they are lined up longitudinally. Hair relaxation is also called straight permanent waving, and th...Permanent waving is very popular in Japan. Polypeptide chains (main chains) form the principal components of hair, and they are lined up longitudinally. Hair relaxation is also called straight permanent waving, and there are methods that change curly or wavy hair into straight hair. Hair damage as a result of winding, combing, and using high-temperature hairdressing irons is also often seen. By using scanning electron micrographs (SEM) we showed broken hairs and hair damage caused by permanent wave solutions. The hair damage is obvious when comparisons are made with the condition of the hair surface, condition of the cuticle, etc. Hair swelling by permanent wave solutions, manipulations such as winding, etc., inadequate rinsing with water, procedures on injured hair at the outset, etc., are considered possible reasons for any of these types of injury.展开更多
Objective To ascertain the coexistence of osteoarthritis and osteoporosis in the femoral head. Methods During total hip replacement for osteoarthritis of hip joint in 12 female patients with an average age of 56 years...Objective To ascertain the coexistence of osteoarthritis and osteoporosis in the femoral head. Methods During total hip replacement for osteoarthritis of hip joint in 12 female patients with an average age of 56 years, the femoral heads were procured. After processing the femoral had, specimens were studied under scanning electron microscope. Results Different degrees of osteoarthritic lesions (characterized by degeneration of articular cartilage and hyperplasia of subchondral bone tissues) could coexust with osteoporotic lesions (characterized by icicle-like trabeculae ) in the femoral had. The hyperplas- tic bone tissues of osteoarthritis lay in the vicinity of icicle-like trabeculae. However, they did not care into contact, nor did they exert influence on each other. Coexistence of these two different lesions covered a brood territory extending from the deep surface of subchondral bone plate to the head-neck junction of femoral head. Conclusion The results suggest that osteoarthritis and osteoporosis do coexist in the femoral head.展开更多
我国东南沿海尤其是温州地区广泛存在上覆深厚软土下覆不均匀卵石的地层。该区域的钻孔灌注桩常采用后注浆技术改善其承载性能。为了评价后注浆技术对这类地层中灌注桩承载力改善效果,开展了相应的模型试验,对比了不同注浆量对桩承载力...我国东南沿海尤其是温州地区广泛存在上覆深厚软土下覆不均匀卵石的地层。该区域的钻孔灌注桩常采用后注浆技术改善其承载性能。为了评价后注浆技术对这类地层中灌注桩承载力改善效果,开展了相应的模型试验,对比了不同注浆量对桩承载力的影响程度;并结合扫描电镜(scanning electron microscope,简称SEM)试验分析了浆液分布特点,探讨了浆液在卵石层中的扩散范围,研究了浆液扩散范围与桩承载力之间的关系。结果表明:浆液能够有效地填充桩端卵石层,注浆量的增加使得填充范围扩大,填充范围为3~4倍桩径时,桩的承载力改善最显著。在不均匀卵石持力层中存在一个最优注浆量,最优归一化注浆量约为2.8,若超过该最优注浆量归一化值,桩的承载力不再显著提高。单桩模型试验确定的最优注浆量与刘金砺公式[1]的预测结果接近。扫描电镜技术有助于评价桩的后注浆技术在上覆深厚软土下覆不均匀卵石的土层中的效果。展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFE0129800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42202204)。
文摘In-situ upgrading by heating is feasible for low-maturity shale oil,where the pore space dynamically evolves.We characterize this response for a heated substrate concurrently imaged by SEM.We systematically follow the evolution of pore quantity,size(length,width and cross-sectional area),orientation,shape(aspect ratio,roundness and solidity)and their anisotropy—interpreted by machine learning.Results indicate that heating generates new pores in both organic matter and inorganic minerals.However,the newly formed pores are smaller than the original pores and thus reduce average lengths and widths of the bedding-parallel pore system.Conversely,the average pore lengths and widths are increased in the bedding-perpendicular direction.Besides,heating increases the cross-sectional area of pores in low-maturity oil shales,where this growth tendency fluctuates at<300℃ but becomes steady at>300℃.In addition,the orientation and shape of the newly-formed heating-induced pores follow the habit of the original pores and follow the initial probability distributions of pore orientation and shape.Herein,limited anisotropy is detected in pore direction and shape,indicating similar modes of evolution both bedding-parallel and bedding-normal.We propose a straightforward but robust model to describe evolution of pore system in low-maturity oil shales during heating.
文摘Three types of osteoblast-like cells with different cnfigurations could be ob-tained through culturing fetal chicken calvaria in vitro. They were spindle-shaped cells,globular cells, and polygonal or squamous cells. With passage of culture time, there werechanges in configuration so that the spindle-shaped cells and the globular cells turnedgradually into squamous cells, in quantity which increased greatly to produce confluenceand multi-layer formation of cells, and in function as evidenced by emergence ofintracytoplasmic granules, reflecting collagen synthesis.
文摘To observe the morphologic characteristics of spermatozoon ultramicroscopic structure in uremic subjects.Method Semen sample from lO patients with uremia and 5 healthy men were observed under light microscope and scanning electronic microscope.Results Abnormalities were found in sperms of uremic patients either in the sperm head （acrosome, acrosomic deficit, nuclear abnormality, pointed head, headless and double head of spermatozoon）, neck （rupture, separation and enlargement）, or tail （mitochondrial swelling, mitochondrial deficit, tailless, double tail, short tail and curled tail）; whereas none of the above-mentioned abnormalities was observed in healthy men. Conclusion Sperms of uremic patients had many morphologic and structural abnormalities in the head, neck and tail.
基金The projectis supported financially by Heilongjiang( C- 970 2 ) and Chinese national( 39870 572 ) natural and scientificfunds.
文摘Two postpartum cows were used to study the ultrastructural changes of uterine endometrium by using scanning electron microscope.The results showed that the process of repair of uterine endometrium after calving was demonstrated by scanning electron microscope through a series of endometrium biopsy.Some part of the endometrium was damaged after calving and its adjacent endometrium cells became necrosis and exfoliated during the first 7 days post-partum;the cilium and microvillus of the epithelial cell in the undamaged area of the endometrium disappeared.By 26 days postpartum the damaged area reduced and the cilium and microvillus increased in their numbers.The damaged tissues were all repaired by day 60 postpartum.
文摘Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an economic important crop and one of the major grain legumes for human consumption in Latin America, Africa and Asia. A morphological study of shoot induced from embryonic axes development in four Costa Rican bean varieties (Brunca, Huetar, Guaymi and Bribri) cultivated on MS media with or without 5 mg·L–1 de N6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was developed in the present work. Micrographs showed similarities and differences in the ultrastructure of the apical dome, epidermal surface, stomata and different types of trichomes in the varieties cultivated on organogenesis media. Genotypes with advantageous morphological characteristics for genetic transformation, in particular an exposed apical dome, were identified. This work will contribute to the optimization of the in vitro regeneration of four common bean varieties.
文摘The direct impact of seed-borne fungi on seed is considerable. Many fungi are serious parasites of seed primordial and maturing seeds and reduce yield of seed both quantitatively and qualitatively. Other fungi, including saprophytes and very weak parasites, may lower the quality of seeds by causing discoloration which may seriously depreciate the commercial value of seeds, particularly of grain when graded for consumption. Studies by using scanning electron microscopy （SEM） confirmed the importance of the seed coat, and seed cells as infection sites as well as location of the mycelium of the investigated fungus. Macrophominaphaseolina The present investigation is undertaken to study the colonization, infection and fungal establishment on different sesame seed parts by （SEM）. A successful colonization of M. phaseolina to seed tissues was also detected. Different forms of pycnidial shapes were also observed.
文摘Permanent waving is very popular in Japan. Polypeptide chains (main chains) form the principal components of hair, and they are lined up longitudinally. Hair relaxation is also called straight permanent waving, and there are methods that change curly or wavy hair into straight hair. Hair damage as a result of winding, combing, and using high-temperature hairdressing irons is also often seen. By using scanning electron micrographs (SEM) we showed broken hairs and hair damage caused by permanent wave solutions. The hair damage is obvious when comparisons are made with the condition of the hair surface, condition of the cuticle, etc. Hair swelling by permanent wave solutions, manipulations such as winding, etc., inadequate rinsing with water, procedures on injured hair at the outset, etc., are considered possible reasons for any of these types of injury.
文摘Objective To ascertain the coexistence of osteoarthritis and osteoporosis in the femoral head. Methods During total hip replacement for osteoarthritis of hip joint in 12 female patients with an average age of 56 years, the femoral heads were procured. After processing the femoral had, specimens were studied under scanning electron microscope. Results Different degrees of osteoarthritic lesions (characterized by degeneration of articular cartilage and hyperplasia of subchondral bone tissues) could coexust with osteoporotic lesions (characterized by icicle-like trabeculae ) in the femoral had. The hyperplas- tic bone tissues of osteoarthritis lay in the vicinity of icicle-like trabeculae. However, they did not care into contact, nor did they exert influence on each other. Coexistence of these two different lesions covered a brood territory extending from the deep surface of subchondral bone plate to the head-neck junction of femoral head. Conclusion The results suggest that osteoarthritis and osteoporosis do coexist in the femoral head.
文摘我国东南沿海尤其是温州地区广泛存在上覆深厚软土下覆不均匀卵石的地层。该区域的钻孔灌注桩常采用后注浆技术改善其承载性能。为了评价后注浆技术对这类地层中灌注桩承载力改善效果,开展了相应的模型试验,对比了不同注浆量对桩承载力的影响程度;并结合扫描电镜(scanning electron microscope,简称SEM)试验分析了浆液分布特点,探讨了浆液在卵石层中的扩散范围,研究了浆液扩散范围与桩承载力之间的关系。结果表明:浆液能够有效地填充桩端卵石层,注浆量的增加使得填充范围扩大,填充范围为3~4倍桩径时,桩的承载力改善最显著。在不均匀卵石持力层中存在一个最优注浆量,最优归一化注浆量约为2.8,若超过该最优注浆量归一化值,桩的承载力不再显著提高。单桩模型试验确定的最优注浆量与刘金砺公式[1]的预测结果接近。扫描电镜技术有助于评价桩的后注浆技术在上覆深厚软土下覆不均匀卵石的土层中的效果。
