Background:Snail control is an important component in the national schistosomiasis control programme in China,by application of chemical molluscicides,forestry projects,agriculture projects and water conservancy proje...Background:Snail control is an important component in the national schistosomiasis control programme in China,by application of chemical molluscicides,forestry projects,agriculture projects and water conservancy projects in recent decades.However,there are still wide areas of snail inhabited in China which remains a great challenge to achieve the goal of schistosomiasis elimination by 2025.Therefore,a SWOT(strengths,weaknesses,opportunities and threats)analysis on snail control measures is required for precision schistosomiasis control.Methods:The SWOT approach,which is a well-known structured analysis tool,was used to identify and evaluate the specific characteristics of four types of snail control measures in China,including chemical mollusciciding,forestry,agriculture,and water conservancy projects.The analysis were carried out based on the information collection from literature review,of research papers,books,annual report database of national schistosomiasis control programme in China,reports from the academic forums,and so on.Results:For chemical mollusciciding,application strategy needs to focus on specific local settings,such as stage of schistosomiasis control,environmental factors,and limitations from external policies and internal deficiencies.Regarding forestry projects,the optimal strategies are to cooperate with other national forestry programmes to share the investment costs and pay attention on wetland protection.In agriculture projects,it is necessary to develop related cash crop industries and combine with national farmland consolidation projects simultaneously to increase the total economic benefits.Concerning water conservancy projects,the main purpose is to control snail migration from snail area to snail-free areas nationwide.Conclusions:Integrated strategies for various measures application and a top-level designed cooperation mechanism will be the necessary to eliminate snail and schistosomiasis in China.展开更多
Schistosomiasis is a snail-borne parasitic disease,which is affecting almost 240 million people worldwide.The number of humans affected by schistosomiasis is continuously increasing with the rise in the use of agroche...Schistosomiasis is a snail-borne parasitic disease,which is affecting almost 240 million people worldwide.The number of humans affected by schistosomiasis is continuously increasing with the rise in the use of agrochemicals.In this paper,a mathematical model is formulated and analyzed to assess the effect of agrochemicals on the transmission of schistosomiasis.The proposed model incorporates the effects of fertilizers,herbicides and insecticides on susceptible snails and snail predators along with schistosomiasis disease transmission.The existence and stability of the equilibria in the model are discussed.Sensitivity analysis is performed to identify the key parameters of the proposed model,which contributes most in the transmission of this disease.Numerical simulations are also performed to assess the impact of fertilizers,herbicides and insecticides on schistosomiasis outbreaks.Our study reveals that the agricultural pollution can enhance the transmission intensity of schistosomiasis,and in order to prevent the outbreak of schistosomiasis,the use of pesticides should be controlled.展开更多
基金The National Science and Technology Support Program of China(grant No.2015BAD07B07)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(grant No.41071334)supported this research.
文摘Background:Snail control is an important component in the national schistosomiasis control programme in China,by application of chemical molluscicides,forestry projects,agriculture projects and water conservancy projects in recent decades.However,there are still wide areas of snail inhabited in China which remains a great challenge to achieve the goal of schistosomiasis elimination by 2025.Therefore,a SWOT(strengths,weaknesses,opportunities and threats)analysis on snail control measures is required for precision schistosomiasis control.Methods:The SWOT approach,which is a well-known structured analysis tool,was used to identify and evaluate the specific characteristics of four types of snail control measures in China,including chemical mollusciciding,forestry,agriculture,and water conservancy projects.The analysis were carried out based on the information collection from literature review,of research papers,books,annual report database of national schistosomiasis control programme in China,reports from the academic forums,and so on.Results:For chemical mollusciciding,application strategy needs to focus on specific local settings,such as stage of schistosomiasis control,environmental factors,and limitations from external policies and internal deficiencies.Regarding forestry projects,the optimal strategies are to cooperate with other national forestry programmes to share the investment costs and pay attention on wetland protection.In agriculture projects,it is necessary to develop related cash crop industries and combine with national farmland consolidation projects simultaneously to increase the total economic benefits.Concerning water conservancy projects,the main purpose is to control snail migration from snail area to snail-free areas nationwide.Conclusions:Integrated strategies for various measures application and a top-level designed cooperation mechanism will be the necessary to eliminate snail and schistosomiasis in China.
基金This work was partially supported by the National Natural Sci-ence Foundation of China(11871415,11771017)Henan Province Distinguished Professor program.
文摘Schistosomiasis is a snail-borne parasitic disease,which is affecting almost 240 million people worldwide.The number of humans affected by schistosomiasis is continuously increasing with the rise in the use of agrochemicals.In this paper,a mathematical model is formulated and analyzed to assess the effect of agrochemicals on the transmission of schistosomiasis.The proposed model incorporates the effects of fertilizers,herbicides and insecticides on susceptible snails and snail predators along with schistosomiasis disease transmission.The existence and stability of the equilibria in the model are discussed.Sensitivity analysis is performed to identify the key parameters of the proposed model,which contributes most in the transmission of this disease.Numerical simulations are also performed to assess the impact of fertilizers,herbicides and insecticides on schistosomiasis outbreaks.Our study reveals that the agricultural pollution can enhance the transmission intensity of schistosomiasis,and in order to prevent the outbreak of schistosomiasis,the use of pesticides should be controlled.
