This manuscript explores the recent study by Cui et al which assessed the interplay between inflammatory cytokines and brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)levels in first-episode schizophrenia patients.The study re...This manuscript explores the recent study by Cui et al which assessed the interplay between inflammatory cytokines and brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)levels in first-episode schizophrenia patients.The study revealed that higher levels of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-αcorrelated with reduced BDNF levels and poorer cognitive performance.Schizophrenia is a severe psy-chiatric disorder impacting approximately 1%of the global population,charac-terized by positive symptoms(hallucinations and delusions),negative symptoms(diminished motivation and cognitive impairments)and disorganized thoughts and behaviors.Emerging research highlights the role of BDNF as a potential biomarker for early diagnosis and therapeutic targeting.The findings from Cui et al’s study suggest that targeting neuroinflammation and enhancing BDNF levels may improve cognitive outcomes.Effective treatment approaches involve a com-bination of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions tailored to individual patient needs.Hence,monitoring cognitive and neuroinflammatory markers is essential for improving patient outcomes and quality of life.Conse-quently,this manuscript highlights the need for an integrated approach to schizo-phrenia management,considering both clinical symptoms and underlying neuro-biological changes.展开更多
BACKGROUND The pathogenesis of cognitive impairment in schizophrenia(SCZ)remains unclear.Accumulating studies showed that inflammatory-immune dysregulation and altered brain derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)levels pla...BACKGROUND The pathogenesis of cognitive impairment in schizophrenia(SCZ)remains unclear.Accumulating studies showed that inflammatory-immune dysregulation and altered brain derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)levels play a crucial role in the psychopathology of SCZ.However,their association with cognitive dysfunction in first-episode SCZ patients has not been thoroughly investigated.AIM To explore the interaction effects between cognitive function and inflammatory cytokines and BDNF in first-episode SCZ.METHODS The current study is a cross-sectional case-control investigation that recruited 84 patients with first-episode SCZ(SCZ group)and 80 healthy controls(HCs group)at the Huzhou Third Municipal Hospital between August 2021 and September 2023.ELISA was employed to measure the serum levels of interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-4,IL-6,IL-10,and BDNF.The Chinese brief cognitive test(C-BCT)and the positive and negative syndrome scales were measured the severity of cognitive impairment and psychiatric symptoms.RESULTS Compared to the HC group,the SCZ group exhibited elevated IL-1βand IL-6 levels,decreased BDNF levels,and reduced C-BCT scores(all P<0.001).In SCZ,BDNF was negatively correlated with IL-6(r=-0.324,P<0.05).Information processing speed was negatively correlated with IL-6(r=-0.315,P<0.05)and positively with BDNF(r=0.290,P<0.05);attention,working memory,comprehensive ability,and executive function were negatively correlated with IL-1βand IL-6(all P<0.05)and positively with BDNF(all P<0.05).Multiple regression analysis showed IL-6 influenced C-BCT dimensions(β=-0.218 to-0.327,all P<0.05);attention and executive ability were influenced by IL-1β(β=-0.199 to-0.261,all P<0.05);comprehensive executive ability was influenced by BDNF(β=0.209,P<0.05).CONCLUSION Our findings suggested that interrelationships between immune dysfunction and neurotrophic deficiency might underlie the pathological mechanisms of cognitive impairments in first-episode SCZ patients.展开更多
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF) has been proposed as a biomarker of schizophrenia and, more specifically, as a biomarker of cognitive recovery. Evidence collected in this review indicates that BDNF is relevant...Brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF) has been proposed as a biomarker of schizophrenia and, more specifically, as a biomarker of cognitive recovery. Evidence collected in this review indicates that BDNF is relevant in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and could play a role as a marker of clinical response. BDNF has been shown to play a positive role as a marker in antipsychotic treatment, and it has been demonstrated that typical antipsychotics decrease BDNF levels while atypical antipsychotics maintain or increase serum BDNF levels. Furthermore, BDNF levels have been associated with severe cognitive impairments in patients with schizophrenia. Consequently, BDNF has been proposed as a candidate target of strategies to aid the cognitive recovery process. There is some evidence suggesting that BDNF could be mediating neurobiological processes underlying cognitive recovery. Thus, serum BDNF levels seem to be involved in some synaptic plasticity and neurotransmission processes. Additionally, serum BDNF levels significantly increased in schizophrenia subjects after neuroplasticity-based cognitive training. If positive replications of those findings are published in the future then serum BDNF levels could be definitely postulated as a peripheral biomarker for the effects of intensive cognitive training or any sort of cognitive recovery in schizophrenia. All in all, the current consideration of BDNF as a biomarker of cognitive recovery in schizophrenia is promising but still premature.展开更多
BACKGROUND There are systematic differences in clinical features between women and men with schizophrenia(SCZ).The regulation of sex hormones may play a potential role in abnormal neurodevelopment in SCZ.Brain-derived...BACKGROUND There are systematic differences in clinical features between women and men with schizophrenia(SCZ).The regulation of sex hormones may play a potential role in abnormal neurodevelopment in SCZ.Brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)and sex hormones have complex interacting actions that contribute to the etiology of SCZ.AIM To investigate the influence of BDNF and sex hormones on cognition and clinical symptomatology in chronic antipsychotic-treated male SCZ patients.METHODS The serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone,luteinizing hormone(LH),estradiol(E2),progesterone,testosterone(T),prolactin(PRL)and BDNF were compared between chronic antipsychotic-treated male(CATM)patients with SCZ(n=120)and healthy controls(n=120).The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale was used to quantify SCZ symptoms,while neuropsychological tests were used to assess cognition.Neuropsychological tests,such as the Digit Cancellation Test(DCT),Semantic Verbal Fluency(SVF),Spatial Span Test(SS),Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test(PASAT),Trail Making Task(TMT-A),and Block Design Test(BDT),were used to assess executive functions(BDT),attention(DCT,TMT-A),memory(SS,PASAT),and verbal proficiency(SVF).RESULTS Although E2 levels were significantly lower in the patient group compared to the healthy controls,T,PRL,and LH levels were all significantly higher.Additionally,the analysis revealed that across the entire sample,there were positive correlations between E2 Levels and BDNF levels as well as BDNF levels and the digital cancellation time.In CATM patients with SCZ,a significant correlation between the negative symptoms score and PRL levels was observed.CONCLUSION Sex hormones and BDNF levels may also be linked to cognitive function in patients with chronic SCZ.展开更多
Background：Risperidone and paliperidone have been the mainstay treatment for schizophrenia and their potential role in neuroprotection could be associated with brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF） and N400 （an...Background：Risperidone and paliperidone have been the mainstay treatment for schizophrenia and their potential role in neuroprotection could be associated with brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF） and N400 （an event-related brain potential component）.So far,different effects on both BDNF and N400 were reported in relation to various antipsychotic treatments.However,few studies have been conducted on the mechanism ofrisperidone and paliperidone on BDNF and N400.This study aimed to compare the effects ofrisperidone and paliperidone on BDNF and the N400 component of the event-related brain potential in patients with first-episode schizophrenia.Methods：Ninety-eight patients with first-episode schizophrenia were randomly divided into the risperidone and paliperidone groups and treated with risperidone and paliperidone,respectively,for 12 weeks.Serum BDNF level,the latency,and amplitude of the N400 event-related potential before and after the treatment and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale （PANSS） scores were compared between the two groups.Results：A total of 94 patients were included in the final analysis （47 patients in each group）.After the treatment,the serum BDNF levels in both groups increased （all P 〈 0.01）,while no significant difference in serum BDNF level was found between the groups before and after the treatment （all P 〉 0.05）.After the treatment,N400 amplitudes were increased （from 4.73 ± 2.86 μv and 4.51 ± 4.63 μv to 5.35 ± 4.18 μv and 5.52 ± 3.08 μv,respectively） under congruent condition in both risperidone and paliperidone groups （all P 〈 0.01）.Under incongruent conditions,the N400 latencies were shortened in the paliperidone group （from 424.13 ± 110.42 ms to 4.7.41 ± 154.59 ms,P 〈 0.05）,and the N400 amplitudes were increased in the risperidone group （from 5.80 ± 3.50 μv to 7.17 ± 5.51 μv,P 〈 0.01）.After treatment,the total PANSS score in both groups decreased significantly （all P 〈 0.01）,but the difference between the groups was not significant （P 〉 0.05）.A negative correlation between the reduction rate of the PANSS score and the increase in serum BDNF level after the treatment was found in the paliperidone group but not in the risperidone group.Conclusions：Both risperidone and paliperidone could increase the serum BDNF levels in patients with first-episode schizophrenia and improve their cognitive function （N400 latency and amplitude）,but their antipsychotic mechanisms might differ.展开更多
This review discusses the roles of brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)and precursor BDNF(proBDNF)in schizophrenia(SCZ).SCZ is associated with neuronal dysfunction,altered synaptic plasticity,and cognitive deficits...This review discusses the roles of brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)and precursor BDNF(proBDNF)in schizophrenia(SCZ).SCZ is associated with neuronal dysfunction,altered synaptic plasticity,and cognitive deficits.BDNF positively promotes neuronal growth,differentiation,and synapse forma-tion,and regulates synaptic transmission and plasticity.ProBDNF negatively affects neuronal survival and synaptic remodeling,however,by binding to its neurotroph-in receptor p75(p75NTR).A better understanding of the pathogenesis of SCZ vis-à-vis BDNF and proBDNF may provide new directions and strategies for its treatment.展开更多
基金Supported by Basic Science Research Program Through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)Funded By the Ministry of Education,No.NRF-RS-2023-00237287.
文摘This manuscript explores the recent study by Cui et al which assessed the interplay between inflammatory cytokines and brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)levels in first-episode schizophrenia patients.The study revealed that higher levels of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-αcorrelated with reduced BDNF levels and poorer cognitive performance.Schizophrenia is a severe psy-chiatric disorder impacting approximately 1%of the global population,charac-terized by positive symptoms(hallucinations and delusions),negative symptoms(diminished motivation and cognitive impairments)and disorganized thoughts and behaviors.Emerging research highlights the role of BDNF as a potential biomarker for early diagnosis and therapeutic targeting.The findings from Cui et al’s study suggest that targeting neuroinflammation and enhancing BDNF levels may improve cognitive outcomes.Effective treatment approaches involve a com-bination of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions tailored to individual patient needs.Hence,monitoring cognitive and neuroinflammatory markers is essential for improving patient outcomes and quality of life.Conse-quently,this manuscript highlights the need for an integrated approach to schizo-phrenia management,considering both clinical symptoms and underlying neuro-biological changes.
基金Supported by Huzhou Public Welfare Research Project Social Development Category,No.2021GYB09,No.2021GY38,No.2019GY26 and No.2019GZB02.
文摘BACKGROUND The pathogenesis of cognitive impairment in schizophrenia(SCZ)remains unclear.Accumulating studies showed that inflammatory-immune dysregulation and altered brain derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)levels play a crucial role in the psychopathology of SCZ.However,their association with cognitive dysfunction in first-episode SCZ patients has not been thoroughly investigated.AIM To explore the interaction effects between cognitive function and inflammatory cytokines and BDNF in first-episode SCZ.METHODS The current study is a cross-sectional case-control investigation that recruited 84 patients with first-episode SCZ(SCZ group)and 80 healthy controls(HCs group)at the Huzhou Third Municipal Hospital between August 2021 and September 2023.ELISA was employed to measure the serum levels of interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-4,IL-6,IL-10,and BDNF.The Chinese brief cognitive test(C-BCT)and the positive and negative syndrome scales were measured the severity of cognitive impairment and psychiatric symptoms.RESULTS Compared to the HC group,the SCZ group exhibited elevated IL-1βand IL-6 levels,decreased BDNF levels,and reduced C-BCT scores(all P<0.001).In SCZ,BDNF was negatively correlated with IL-6(r=-0.324,P<0.05).Information processing speed was negatively correlated with IL-6(r=-0.315,P<0.05)and positively with BDNF(r=0.290,P<0.05);attention,working memory,comprehensive ability,and executive function were negatively correlated with IL-1βand IL-6(all P<0.05)and positively with BDNF(all P<0.05).Multiple regression analysis showed IL-6 influenced C-BCT dimensions(β=-0.218 to-0.327,all P<0.05);attention and executive ability were influenced by IL-1β(β=-0.199 to-0.261,all P<0.05);comprehensive executive ability was influenced by BDNF(β=0.209,P<0.05).CONCLUSION Our findings suggested that interrelationships between immune dysfunction and neurotrophic deficiency might underlie the pathological mechanisms of cognitive impairments in first-episode SCZ patients.
基金Supported by The grants from the Instituto de Salud Carlos Ⅲ of FIS(PI 11/01958)the Intramural Grant from CIBER-SAM to Penadés R
文摘Brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF) has been proposed as a biomarker of schizophrenia and, more specifically, as a biomarker of cognitive recovery. Evidence collected in this review indicates that BDNF is relevant in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and could play a role as a marker of clinical response. BDNF has been shown to play a positive role as a marker in antipsychotic treatment, and it has been demonstrated that typical antipsychotics decrease BDNF levels while atypical antipsychotics maintain or increase serum BDNF levels. Furthermore, BDNF levels have been associated with severe cognitive impairments in patients with schizophrenia. Consequently, BDNF has been proposed as a candidate target of strategies to aid the cognitive recovery process. There is some evidence suggesting that BDNF could be mediating neurobiological processes underlying cognitive recovery. Thus, serum BDNF levels seem to be involved in some synaptic plasticity and neurotransmission processes. Additionally, serum BDNF levels significantly increased in schizophrenia subjects after neuroplasticity-based cognitive training. If positive replications of those findings are published in the future then serum BDNF levels could be definitely postulated as a peripheral biomarker for the effects of intensive cognitive training or any sort of cognitive recovery in schizophrenia. All in all, the current consideration of BDNF as a biomarker of cognitive recovery in schizophrenia is promising but still premature.
基金Supported by This study was supported by the Suzhou Municipal Sci-Tech Bureau Program,No.SS202070Scientific and Technological Program of Suzhou,No.SS202069+5 种基金Suzhou clinical Medical Center for mood disorders,No.Szlcyxzx202109Suzhou Clinical Key Disciplines for Geriatric Psychiatry,No.SZXK202116Suzhou Key Technologies Program,No.SKY2021063Jiangsu Province social development project,No.BE2020764Research Project of Jiangsu Commission of Health,No.M2020031Elderly Health Research Project of Jiangsu Commission of Health,No.LR2022015 and No.LKZ2023020.
文摘BACKGROUND There are systematic differences in clinical features between women and men with schizophrenia(SCZ).The regulation of sex hormones may play a potential role in abnormal neurodevelopment in SCZ.Brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)and sex hormones have complex interacting actions that contribute to the etiology of SCZ.AIM To investigate the influence of BDNF and sex hormones on cognition and clinical symptomatology in chronic antipsychotic-treated male SCZ patients.METHODS The serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone,luteinizing hormone(LH),estradiol(E2),progesterone,testosterone(T),prolactin(PRL)and BDNF were compared between chronic antipsychotic-treated male(CATM)patients with SCZ(n=120)and healthy controls(n=120).The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale was used to quantify SCZ symptoms,while neuropsychological tests were used to assess cognition.Neuropsychological tests,such as the Digit Cancellation Test(DCT),Semantic Verbal Fluency(SVF),Spatial Span Test(SS),Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test(PASAT),Trail Making Task(TMT-A),and Block Design Test(BDT),were used to assess executive functions(BDT),attention(DCT,TMT-A),memory(SS,PASAT),and verbal proficiency(SVF).RESULTS Although E2 levels were significantly lower in the patient group compared to the healthy controls,T,PRL,and LH levels were all significantly higher.Additionally,the analysis revealed that across the entire sample,there were positive correlations between E2 Levels and BDNF levels as well as BDNF levels and the digital cancellation time.In CATM patients with SCZ,a significant correlation between the negative symptoms score and PRL levels was observed.CONCLUSION Sex hormones and BDNF levels may also be linked to cognitive function in patients with chronic SCZ.
基金This study was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 81471357） and Shanghai Natural Science Foundation （No. 13ZR1439300）.
文摘Background：Risperidone and paliperidone have been the mainstay treatment for schizophrenia and their potential role in neuroprotection could be associated with brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF） and N400 （an event-related brain potential component）.So far,different effects on both BDNF and N400 were reported in relation to various antipsychotic treatments.However,few studies have been conducted on the mechanism ofrisperidone and paliperidone on BDNF and N400.This study aimed to compare the effects ofrisperidone and paliperidone on BDNF and the N400 component of the event-related brain potential in patients with first-episode schizophrenia.Methods：Ninety-eight patients with first-episode schizophrenia were randomly divided into the risperidone and paliperidone groups and treated with risperidone and paliperidone,respectively,for 12 weeks.Serum BDNF level,the latency,and amplitude of the N400 event-related potential before and after the treatment and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale （PANSS） scores were compared between the two groups.Results：A total of 94 patients were included in the final analysis （47 patients in each group）.After the treatment,the serum BDNF levels in both groups increased （all P 〈 0.01）,while no significant difference in serum BDNF level was found between the groups before and after the treatment （all P 〉 0.05）.After the treatment,N400 amplitudes were increased （from 4.73 ± 2.86 μv and 4.51 ± 4.63 μv to 5.35 ± 4.18 μv and 5.52 ± 3.08 μv,respectively） under congruent condition in both risperidone and paliperidone groups （all P 〈 0.01）.Under incongruent conditions,the N400 latencies were shortened in the paliperidone group （from 424.13 ± 110.42 ms to 4.7.41 ± 154.59 ms,P 〈 0.05）,and the N400 amplitudes were increased in the risperidone group （from 5.80 ± 3.50 μv to 7.17 ± 5.51 μv,P 〈 0.01）.After treatment,the total PANSS score in both groups decreased significantly （all P 〈 0.01）,but the difference between the groups was not significant （P 〉 0.05）.A negative correlation between the reduction rate of the PANSS score and the increase in serum BDNF level after the treatment was found in the paliperidone group but not in the risperidone group.Conclusions：Both risperidone and paliperidone could increase the serum BDNF levels in patients with first-episode schizophrenia and improve their cognitive function （N400 latency and amplitude）,but their antipsychotic mechanisms might differ.
基金Kunming Health Science and Technology Talent Training Project[2023-SW(Reserve)-54].
文摘This review discusses the roles of brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)and precursor BDNF(proBDNF)in schizophrenia(SCZ).SCZ is associated with neuronal dysfunction,altered synaptic plasticity,and cognitive deficits.BDNF positively promotes neuronal growth,differentiation,and synapse forma-tion,and regulates synaptic transmission and plasticity.ProBDNF negatively affects neuronal survival and synaptic remodeling,however,by binding to its neurotroph-in receptor p75(p75NTR).A better understanding of the pathogenesis of SCZ vis-à-vis BDNF and proBDNF may provide new directions and strategies for its treatment.
