Background: Infection transmission among them occurs easily and sometimes causes outbreaks at facilities where children live in groups. Early response is necessary for infection control measures to avoid larger cluste...Background: Infection transmission among them occurs easily and sometimes causes outbreaks at facilities where children live in groups. Early response is necessary for infection control measures to avoid larger clusters. In Japan, (Nursery) School Absenteeism Surveillance System ((N)SASSy), which is a kind of school absenteeism surveillance, has activated since 2007 and covers about 60% of all schools and 40% of all nursery schools in 2017. Objective: The objective of the present paper is investigation and demonstration of how caregivers receive information related to infectious diseases in Japan and how (N)SASSy contributes health of children. Method: We randomly selected subjects with children by pre-fecture in October, 2017. The survey questionnaire asked background information and information about infectious diseases to maintain health in children. We regressed health concern variables on background information and information provision situation about community outbreaks using weighted logistic regression. Results: We received responses from 1172 people. Estimation results showed higher concern about a facility providing information about community outbreak. Caregivers whose children attend facilities provided about community outbreak or covered (N)SASSy significantly higher opportunity to arrange a schedule when a child has a high fever. Discussion: The obtained results demonstrated that activation in (N)SASSy affects the possibility of arranging a schedule when a child has a high fever. This capability might improve community health.展开更多
Background: Varicella is a contagious illness, caused by varicella zoster virus (VZV). It is transmitted via the respiratory route and through contact with the infected person. Fourteen cases of varicella from a board...Background: Varicella is a contagious illness, caused by varicella zoster virus (VZV). It is transmitted via the respiratory route and through contact with the infected person. Fourteen cases of varicella from a boarding school in Chikomba District, Zimbabwe were reported on 14 February 2019. We investigated the outbreak to determine its scope, identify risk factors for transmission and recommend evidence-based control measures. Methods: A 1:2 unmatched case-control study was conducted. A case was a form one student at a boarding school in Chikomba District who developed acute onset of diffuse maculopapulovesicular rash without other apparent cause from 22 January 2019 to 24 February 2019. A control was a form one student at the same boarding school who did not develop the signs and symptoms of varicella during the same period. The diagnosis was based on clinical signs and symptoms. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Epi info 7<sup>TM</sup> was used to calculate frequencies, odds ratios and perform logistic regression to control for confounding variables. Results: We recruited 31 cases and 62 controls. Independent risk factors for contracting varicella were classmate contact [AOR 24;(95% CI 4.4 - 83), p Conclusion: A perfect setting for the spread of infection was available in the form of students in a naive community living in close proximity both at class and at dormitories, which lead to the rapid transmission of the virus. Screening and isolation of the infected students controlled the outbreak.展开更多
文摘Background: Infection transmission among them occurs easily and sometimes causes outbreaks at facilities where children live in groups. Early response is necessary for infection control measures to avoid larger clusters. In Japan, (Nursery) School Absenteeism Surveillance System ((N)SASSy), which is a kind of school absenteeism surveillance, has activated since 2007 and covers about 60% of all schools and 40% of all nursery schools in 2017. Objective: The objective of the present paper is investigation and demonstration of how caregivers receive information related to infectious diseases in Japan and how (N)SASSy contributes health of children. Method: We randomly selected subjects with children by pre-fecture in October, 2017. The survey questionnaire asked background information and information about infectious diseases to maintain health in children. We regressed health concern variables on background information and information provision situation about community outbreaks using weighted logistic regression. Results: We received responses from 1172 people. Estimation results showed higher concern about a facility providing information about community outbreak. Caregivers whose children attend facilities provided about community outbreak or covered (N)SASSy significantly higher opportunity to arrange a schedule when a child has a high fever. Discussion: The obtained results demonstrated that activation in (N)SASSy affects the possibility of arranging a schedule when a child has a high fever. This capability might improve community health.
文摘Background: Varicella is a contagious illness, caused by varicella zoster virus (VZV). It is transmitted via the respiratory route and through contact with the infected person. Fourteen cases of varicella from a boarding school in Chikomba District, Zimbabwe were reported on 14 February 2019. We investigated the outbreak to determine its scope, identify risk factors for transmission and recommend evidence-based control measures. Methods: A 1:2 unmatched case-control study was conducted. A case was a form one student at a boarding school in Chikomba District who developed acute onset of diffuse maculopapulovesicular rash without other apparent cause from 22 January 2019 to 24 February 2019. A control was a form one student at the same boarding school who did not develop the signs and symptoms of varicella during the same period. The diagnosis was based on clinical signs and symptoms. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Epi info 7<sup>TM</sup> was used to calculate frequencies, odds ratios and perform logistic regression to control for confounding variables. Results: We recruited 31 cases and 62 controls. Independent risk factors for contracting varicella were classmate contact [AOR 24;(95% CI 4.4 - 83), p Conclusion: A perfect setting for the spread of infection was available in the form of students in a naive community living in close proximity both at class and at dormitories, which lead to the rapid transmission of the virus. Screening and isolation of the infected students controlled the outbreak.
