Coordination Mechanism and Empirical Research on Marine Science Technology Innovation and Marine Eco-civilization:A Case Study of Coastal Areas of China

Marine science technology innovation provides power and guarantees for marine eco-civilization construction,which provides direction and material support for marine science technology innovation.Therefore,the coordinated development of the two is of great significance to the marine economy sustainable development in China’s coastal areas.On the basis of clarifying the connotations of marine science technology innovation and marine eco-civilization in China’s coastal areas from 2006 to 2019,the mechanism for their coordinated development was analysed.A comprehensive indicator system based on the connotation of the two was constructed,and the coordinated development relationship was empirically tested using the coupled coordination model and the panel vector autoregressive(PVAR)model.The results show that:1)the level of China’s coastal marine science technology innovation continues to improve,gradually forming the core of the development of marine science technology innovation in the north,east and south of Shandong,Shanghai and Guangdong;the level of marine eco-civilization development fluctuating upward trend,showing obvious spatial differentiation characteristics.2)The degree of coordination of marine science technology innovation and marine eco-civilization is growing over time.There is no causal relationship between marine science technology innovation and marine eco-civilization in the northern marine economic circle,but there is a two-way causal relationship between the two in the eastern and southern marine economic circles.3)Marine eco-civilization shows a significant positive and continuous impact on marine science technology innovation,and marine science technology innovation shows a long-term,continuous,fluctuating,and lagging impact on marine eco-civilization.The overall role of marine eco-civilization on marine science technology innovation is dominant,and there are significant differences in the impact effects of the two major marine economic circles.

Evaluation for Innovation Ability of National Agricultural Science and Technology Parks in Jiangxi Province

Innovative ability is an important indicator for judging the effectiveness of the national agricultural science and technology park construction. Based on the statistical data of four national agricultural science and technology parks built in Jiangxi Province, this paper constructs an evaluation system consisting of three first-level indicators, eight second-level indicators and 24 three-level indicators. Based on the combined weighting method, the comprehensive scores of the innovation capabilities of the parks are obtained. It is found that the gap in innovation capability of each park is wide, and the radiation-driven function has not yet appeared. It is necessary to promote the improvement of innovation capabilities by promoting the synergy and innovation of agricultural science and technology in the park, encouraging the park to construct agricultural technology business incubators, and building and improving innovation platforms.

Inevitability and Emergent Problems of Science &Technology Innovation Access to Integration

The causes and the problems of integration of scientific ＆ technical innovation （ISTI） and inevitability are proposed. The status of domestic scientific ＆ technical innovation is analysed. A series of emergent managerial problems caused by the system ISTI （SISTI） are pointed out. Because of Hall three dimensions structure＇s enlightenment, a three dimensional logical net diagram in which the system integration of innovation based on problem in real world but not on disciplinary logic is drawn. The intelligent group＇ s need span is greater under the conditions of relatively low material level than common groups who have lower degree of education. The SISTI is composed by multi-rule and intelligent multi-agent behavior. It is concluded that the logical relationships of integrated technology which based on the author＇s experience and observation must be considerded for a valid management of SISTI.

Technological Innovation Characteristics and Capacity Enhancement Ways for the Agricultural Science and Technology Enterprises in Beijing City

From the perspective of innovation mechanism,capital,personnel,achievements and conversion,this study analyzes the current situation of technological innovation in Beijing agricultural science and technology enterprises,and summarizes the characteristics including single financing channel of R&D funds,low conversion rate of innovative products,unbalanced distribution of technology and innovative talents,the underestimated position of enterprises as the main body of technological innovation,the large gap of innovation achievements between developed provinces and Beijing.At last,this study puts forward the ways to improve technological innovation ability in Beijing agricultural science and technology enterprises as follows:developing technological innovation strategies;improving the R&D expenditure and expanding the financing channels;perfecting the mechanism of professional personnel training in agricultural technology innovation;enhancing the level of innovation performance management;establishing and improving the corporate culture of innovation and cultivating technology innovation spirit.

Comparative Research on Sino-US Agricultural Innovation Model in Science and Technology

This research was conducted to provide a comparative analysis of China's and US's agricultural innovation in science and technology and offer some guidance on the construction of agricultural innovation system in science and technology in China. The countermeasures are proposed with a hope to shorten China's and US's gap of agricultural innovation in science and technology by analyzing agricultural innovation model features in science and technology of the United States. The advantages of United States model of agricultural innovation in science and technology include sound legal framework safeguard, complete scientific and technological innovation system, high quality and talented personnel, sufficient technical development and extension funding, and extensive applications of modern agricultural high-tech. There is a gap in agricultural innovation between China and the United States. Agriculture innovation in science and technology in China should improve in several aspects such as agricultural legislation, construction of sound agricultural innovation system in science and technology, building first-class agricultural innovation and extension teams, establishing diversified channels for investment, and improving the applications of high technology in agriculture.

Study on the Factors Influencing the Level of Innovation in Agricultural Science and Technology Projects

This paper carries out a questionnaire survey of persons in charge of the agricultural project in the " Eleventh Five-Year National Support Program" on the level of innovation in projects and the factors influencing innovation. After the linear regression analysis of the survey data,it is found that the factors influencing the innovation in agricultural science and technology projects include the level of innovation in scientific achievements,efficiency of research methods and creation of innovation environment. Through the variance analysis of the level of innovation and its influencing factors related to different innovators,it is found that there are differences in the statistical significance of level of innovation in projects among universities,research institutes,research and extension departments directly under the government,and enterprises; there are no significant differences in the understanding of factors influencing innovation,that is,different innovators basically have the same understanding of factors influencing innovation,but the assessment on level of innovation in projects completed is different to some extent.On this basis,this paper proposes the recommendations for further strengthening the level of innovation in agricultural science and technology projects in order to provide a theoretical reference and practical basis for the project managers to effectively improve the level of agricultural science and technology project management,and enhance the level of innovation in projects.

Research on evaluation model of technology innovation ability of state-owned enterprises in northeast industry base

The paper viewed the current problem that state-owned enterprises in northeast industry base hadn＇t technologies of their own intellectual property right, whose sources mainly depended on imitation and introduction from abroad. Operational evaluation method and index criteria system of enterprises technology innovation ability were put forward in this paper, different enterprises may revise the model according to their actual situations to evaluate the enterprise technological innovation ability scientifically and quickly. The findings will be helpful to correlative departments to formulate the related policies and also has important theoretical and practical value in technological innovation project of enterprise.

Cultivation of Innovation Ability of Students in the Discipline of Food Science and Engineering from the Perspective of Engineering Professional Certification

Cultivating the top-notch innovative talents is an essential task for connotative construction of higher education.As an applicationoriented discipline,the Discipline of Food Science and Engineering attaches great importance to the cultivation of innovation ability of college students.For a long time,however,the discipline education has problems of the inverted teaching subject position,weak coordination ability and single practice mode.The support for the cultivation of innovation ability is weak and ineffective.Therefore,in the context of professional certification of engineering education,it is necessary to make reform of traditional education mode and improve the carrier support and target acquisition taking the Outcomes-based Education(OBE)as guide,the innovation ability cultivation as objective,to provide effective guarantee for cultivation of the top-notch talents.These have become issues that should not be ignored in the development of the Discipline of Food Science and Engineering.

On Innovation of Coordinative Development Mechanism of Science and Technology Park with Surrounding Areas under Promotion of the Government——Case Study on Three Science and Technology Park in Dongguan

Science and Technology Park, which plays a very important role in promoting rapid development of regional economy, has enjoyed various preferential policies in its unique development since China’s reform and opening up, which oppositely shows that the government has overlooked development outside the park and resulted in negative competition between the science and technology park and surrounding areas in resources and industry development, etc. Therefore, it is necessary and urgent to overcome the existing obstacles against coordinative development between the park and surrounding areas, to explore paths where the two can development coordinately and to achieve new breakthrough and innovation in coordinative development in subject, object, platform and mechanism.

Research on Coordinating relations between Industrial agglomeration and Regional Technology Innovation Ability in Yangtze River Economic Belt

Based on principal component analysis, coordinated development model and location entropy, this paper analyzes the coordinated development of regional scientific and technological innovation ability and industrial agglomeration level and the spatial differences in Yangtze River economic zone. Firstly, the regional science and technology innovation ability is divided into two parts： innovation input and innovation transformation result. The accumulation of knowledge outside the region is introduced as a variable influencing the correlation effect, and the index system of regional innovation capability is constructed. According to the degree of coordination between the regional technological innovation ability and the level of industrial agglomeration, the Yangtze River economic belt provinces and municipalities are divided into moderate disorder class, serious disorder class, extreme disorder class, middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River region interregional knowledge accumulation weak.

Measuring Research on County Agricultural Technological Innovation Ability Index

Taking the mechanism of technological construction guidance theory and mode which consists of "objective-construction-evaluation-construction-objective" as a starting point, on the basis of county agricultural technological innovation ability and its index definition, this paper researches the constructing system of county agricultural technological innovation ability. Firstly, on the basis of defining county agricultural technological innovation ability and the definition of index, according to the principle of purposefulness, scientificity, systematicness, integration of dynamic state and static state, integration of quantitativeness and qualitativeness and so on, we construct the multi-level measuring system of county agricultural technological innovation ability, including 4 first-level indices, namely technological innovation environment, technological innovation basis, technological innovation ability, and technological innovation efficiency; 15 second-level indices, such as technological policy, technological system mechanism, technological institution construction, ability of innovation subject, ability of industrial expansion, scale merit, technological contribution rate. Moreover, this system has 45 third-level indices. Then, by using unascertained mathematics method and AHM method, we establish the multi-level unascertained composite measuring model of county agricultural technological innovation ability index. Finally, by using the survey data of one county in Hebei Province, and the established county agricultural technological innovation ability index model, we get the county agricultural technological innovation ability index of 0.711 by calculation, that is, the innovation ability is at the intermediate level, namely the modern agricultural sub-stage. The empirical research proves the correctness and applicability of this model.

Group Innovation Ability of Agricultural Technological Innovation Strategic Alliance

Agricultural technological innovation strategic alliance, as an important form of strategic alliance, has steadily strengthened the collaborative management among organizations and raised competitive power with the backing of improved group innovation ability. This article studies innovation ability from individual innovation ability to the group innovation ability. Firstly, basic connotation of group innovation ability is to be concluded through the comparison of individual and group innovation ability. Secondly, evaluation index system is to be established based on the influencing factors of the group innovation ability of agricultural technological innovation strategic alliance and evaluation is based on three dimensions, namely organization technological innovation ability, alliance collaborative innovation ability as well as innovation environment. Furthermore, basic methods for promoting the group innovation ability of alliance are to be proposed.

Science and Technology Backyard: A novel approach to empower smallholder farmers for sustainable intensification of agriculture in China

Sustainable feeding of the growing population in China without ecological destabilization is a grand challenge. In this populous country where agriculture is dominated by smallholder farming, developing innovative technology and translating scientific knowledge into action for smallholder farmers is a crucial step in addressing this challenge. Here, we present a novel approach for technology innovation and dissemination to achieve sustainable intensification in the fields of smallholder farmers. The Science and Technology Backyard(STB) is a hub in a rural area that links knowledge with practices to promote technology innovation and exchange. In this study, the framework and functions of STB are introduced, and the key implications for sustainable intensification across millions of smallholder farmers are explicitly stated:(i) develop innovative technology based on stated demands of farmers;(ii) disseminate technology by innovative social service models though combined top-down approaches with bottom-up measures to enable smallholders in rural areas. This paper provides a perspective on transformation of small-scale agriculture toward sustainable intensification in China and useful knowledge applicable to other developing countries.

Study on Training Ways of Marine Science and Technology Talents Based on Behavior Analysis

Firstly,the behavior of marine science and technology talents,such as scientific research,innovation,agglomeration and flow behavior,was analyzed,and then the problems in the training of marine science and technology talents were discussed.Finally,the training ways of marine science and technology talents were proposed.

Analysis of Mobility Patterns of Science and Technology Innovation Talents in China:An Empirical Study of Science and Technology Innovation Leaders Based on China's Ten Thousand Talents Program

Science and technology innovation talents are at the core of technology innovation,and their mobility has become a source of competition between regions and institutes.This paper analyzes the curriculum vitaes(CVs)of young and middle-aged leading talents in technology innovation,and explores their mobility patterns during their schooling and employment,leading to the following observations:A high-quality learning environment is an essential for the development of innovation talents;the mobility intensity has increased,and the phenomenon of"inbreeding"has been alleviated;the total number of institution or location changes is positively correlated with age,and the overall trend of mobility is stable;the regional imbalance of talent mobility has intensified,and the Matthew Effect,whereby initial advantage amplifies success and initial disadvantage amplifies disadvantage,has become prominent.This paper proposes measures such as refining cross-border mobility policy,expanding the academic vision of innovation talents,encouraging talent employment mobility,optimizing the allocation of resources,improving the human resource environment,establishing a talent development ecology,enriching educational resources,and coordinating the relationship between talent cultivation and talent attraction.These measures are expected to provide insights into the development and mobility of technology innovation talents and to be beneficial for the improvement of science and technology innovation talents policies.

“Competition for Innovation”:Research on the Strategic Competition of Local Governments'Science and Technology Expenditure in China

By constructing a yardstick competition model of the performance equation,this paper analyzes the internal mechanism of local governments'competition of science and technology(S&T)expenditure in China.By using the Dynamic Spatial Panel Model,we analyze the competition empirically from five dimensions:geographical adjacency,geographical distance,administrative adjacency,administrative grade and economic distance.According to the results,the local governments'S&T expenditure showed a significant strategic competition phenomenon,that is,there is a“competition for innovation”,and the competition is more obvious between regions with close geographical proximity and administrative relations.“Competition for innovation”will be affected by political exogenous shocks such as those from the National People's Congress(NPC)of China;There is a“father-son competition”relationship between the superior and inferior governments.At last,the competition can promote the regional innovation significantly,which shows that“competition for innovation”is a kind of top-by-top competition.The conclusions may provide some useful suggestions for optimizing the relationship between local governments and promoting the construction of an innovative country.

Technological Gap, Innovation Environment and Enterprises＇ Independent R＆D Intensity

By introducing a knowledge production function which combines both foreign technology imports and domestic research and development （R＆D） expenditure into an endogenous technological progress model, this paper examines the mechanism that determines enterprises＇ R＆D intensity in developing countries, and explores how factors such as technological gap, technology absorptive capacity, innovation environment and innovation ability would impact Chinese enterprises＇decision made on R＆D intensity. Our results suggest that technological gap has no significant single impact on enterprises＇R＆D intensity, but rather influences enterprises＇decision on R＆D jointly with other factors such as degree of openness and human capital. A relative fall in efficiency of technology imitation recently has a negative effect on total R＆D intensity but helps to promote enterprises＇ independent R＆D. In addition, among factors related to R＆D innovation environment, industrial R＆D intensity has a significantly positive impact on enterprises＇ independent R＆D intensity, while regional economies of scale, proportion of large enterprises and proportion of government R＆D investment have some certain negative impacts.

主要航天国家航空航天技术研究发展态势——基于Web of science数据库的科学计量分析

航天产业在国家战略中的地位与作用日益突显,是提升国家竞争力和影响力的关键。作为战略性前沿技术领域,航空航天技术的发展和进步无疑是推动航空航天产业技术创新、促进航天产业快速发展的重要引擎。本文基于web of science数据库,以JCR收录的30个航空航天工程领域的科技期刊在2006-2015年间所刊载的科技论文为数据源,运用科学计量方法,对主要航天国家在航空航天技术领域的研究现状和发展态势进行分析,着重完成中国与美国、欧盟、俄罗斯以及日本和印度等五个国家(地区)的比较分析。研究发现:全球对航空航天领域的研究热度持续升高,并保持增长的态势;美欧航空航天技术研究依旧处于领先地位,其研究热点更加集中于航天前沿技术探索上,而中国和其他主要航天国家更加重视航天技术的应用研究;中国与世界航天强国相比,存在一定的差距。本文旨在于为建设航天强国提供参考和建议。