In the paper, theoretical framework of Circular Agricultural Science and Technology Park planning was constructed based on circular agriculture, modern agriculture, garden landscape and management of agriculture SciTe...In the paper, theoretical framework of Circular Agricultural Science and Technology Park planning was constructed based on circular agriculture, modern agriculture, garden landscape and management of agriculture SciTech park, and the concerning meaning and characteristics were introduced, providing theoretical bases and guidance for circular agriculture SciTech park.展开更多
Major science and technology project generally got high social expectations as a result of harge investment.To ensure that the science and technology teams follow the norms of S&T research and make full use of the...Major science and technology project generally got high social expectations as a result of harge investment.To ensure that the science and technology teams follow the norms of S&T research and make full use of the investment,the effective norms maintenance mechanism must be established which includes punishment for violators and burnout of teams of supervisors,namely setting up the meta-norm execution mechanism.It is very important to establish the effective major science and technology project evaluation system to reduce the norm and metanorm execution cost.In this paper,the principles,methods and implementation system guarantee of evaluation system building are studied as well.展开更多
Based on landscaping practices in the stereo landscape demonstration project of Chongqing Academy of Science and Technology (CAST),current management and maintenance of the stereo landscapes were introduced by analyzi...Based on landscaping practices in the stereo landscape demonstration project of Chongqing Academy of Science and Technology (CAST),current management and maintenance of the stereo landscapes were introduced by analyzing maintenance and management of the plants in the stereo landscape forest.The maintenance and management models were summarized according to the management styles,concrete measures and new technologies were studied,laws and key points for the maintenance and management in different seasons were given,and finally deficiencies and solutions were proposed to improve the future maintenance and management.展开更多
Firstly,relying on the science and technology project of high yield in Hebei Province,connotation of agricultural technology demonstration and extension mode and the high yield grain project in Hebei Province is intro...Firstly,relying on the science and technology project of high yield in Hebei Province,connotation of agricultural technology demonstration and extension mode and the high yield grain project in Hebei Province is introduced.Extension mode of agricultural technology demonstration and radiation is constructed.Agricultural technology demonstration and radiation mode includes the radiation center,primary irradiation and secondary irradiation.Secondly,management system and operational mechanism of agricultural technology demonstration and radiation mode are discussed,mainly expressed in establishing leading group in each demonstration county(city),carrying out leader contract responsibility system,establishing expert advisor steering group and setting up core experts group for subject,establishing technical experts group for subject,setting up leading group in the radiation area,carrying out chief expert responsibility system and technician matrix responsibility system,establishing the operating mechanism of "open,flow,competition and collaboration" with "test area-expert two-way selection" as the core content.Finally,countermeasures to improve the agricultural technology demonstration and radiation mode is put forward,such as establishing the rural technology demonstration base,strengthening cooperation with enterprises,and adopting flexible technical training,so as to promote the spread of agricultural high-tech,to increase the contribution rate of agricultural technology,and to offer ideas for agricultural technology extension model at the new era.展开更多
"Symposium on Defense Science and Technology Management 2008",sponsored by China Ordnance Society and Beijing Institute of Technology,and undertaken by Management and Economy College,Beijing Institute of Tec..."Symposium on Defense Science and Technology Management 2008",sponsored by China Ordnance Society and Beijing Institute of Technology,and undertaken by Management and Economy College,Beijing Institute of Technology,will be held in Beijing Institute of Technology in the last ten-day period展开更多
1. The production of high grade ferrite permanent magnet device (Beijing General Research Institute of Metallurgy) 2. Beijing Jinlong Science and Trade Comprehensive Building (A,B) (Beijing General Research Institute ...1. The production of high grade ferrite permanent magnet device (Beijing General Research Institute of Metallurgy) 2. Beijing Jinlong Science and Trade Comprehensive Building (A,B) (Beijing General Research Institute of Nonferrous Metals)展开更多
Firstly,the current situation of China’s current marine science and technology talent ecological chain was analyzed,and then the problems in talent training were discussed.Finally,countermeasures to improve the talen...Firstly,the current situation of China’s current marine science and technology talent ecological chain was analyzed,and then the problems in talent training were discussed.Finally,countermeasures to improve the talent ecological chain were proposed.展开更多
To advance the field of science and technology,we need to revitalize the development of science and technology through innovation.The development of science and technology has many beneficial implications on the revit...To advance the field of science and technology,we need to revitalize the development of science and technology through innovation.The development of science and technology has many beneficial implications on the revitalization of the country.For this reason,universities in China should give full attention to their role as the main propeller of science and technology.“Streamlining administration,delegating powers,improving regulation,and strengthening services”is a policy issued by the Chinese government for the management of science and technology funds in colleges and universities.Based on the policy of“streamlining administration,delegating powers,improving regulation,and strengthening services,”colleges and universities must optimize the management of science and technology funds for their efficient use.In this paper,we analyzed the importance of the policy and put forward an effective management strategy,aiming to improve the management of science and technology funds in colleges and universities.展开更多
The study tries to reveal the situation and development trends of China's graphene research utilizing National Science and Technology Reports(NSTR) as the new data resource. Findings show a continual increase of g...The study tries to reveal the situation and development trends of China's graphene research utilizing National Science and Technology Reports(NSTR) as the new data resource. Findings show a continual increase of graphene projects sponsored by the government. Most of them are from the National Basic Research Program of China and the National High-tech R&D Program,which reflects mainly aiming for breakthroughs of China's graphene research in major frontier fields and promoting industrial competitiveness. As a new material in nanometer area,the graphene research mainly focuses on nanometer research area. Besides,it has also involved more in the promising applications,such as advanced energy technology,biological and medical technology,testing and analytical instrument technology,etc. Major players are universities and research institutes,and they have collaborated a lot. Few enterprises have played an important role in the collaboration network,so China's graphene research is still mainly in the basic research step. Key scholars with their research interests have been revealed.展开更多
Objective To put forward some suggestions for the improvement of the evaluation system of Shenzhen Industrial Park of Shenzhen-Hong Kong Innovation Cooperation Zone by studying the scientific research project evaluati...Objective To put forward some suggestions for the improvement of the evaluation system of Shenzhen Industrial Park of Shenzhen-Hong Kong Innovation Cooperation Zone by studying the scientific research project evaluation and management system of Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development(AMED).Methods Through literature review,lessons were drawn from the review and management policies and methods of biomedical projects implemented by Japan AMED.Then some reference was provided to the review and management of the projects in Shenzhen Industrial Park.Results and Conclusion A basic review framework has been set up in Shenzhen Industrial Park,which consists of scientific research management institution of Shenzhen Industrial Park,Third-Party Review Institution and Science Committee.However,there are three problems in this system:unclear selection criteria of review experts,insufficient supervision and lack of project evaluation standards.These problems can be solved by establishing an expert think tank,setting up graded project supervisors to have the dynamic monitoring,and developing a general evaluation scale for evaluating scientific research projects in Shenzhen Industrial Park.展开更多
In recent years,there are some problems in science and technology management,such as untimely task supervision and independent information system,which makes it difficult to achieve accurate,quantitative and standardi...In recent years,there are some problems in science and technology management,such as untimely task supervision and independent information system,which makes it difficult to achieve accurate,quantitative and standardized management.The storage of scientific research test data is scattered,and there are many deficiencies in the management,promotion and use of existing intellectual property.In this paper,on the basis of the knowledge economy,intelligence economy under the conditions of knowledge management concept and cutting-edge technology,technology management and service management related data,information,knowledge,method of blend together.Based on science and technology management,knowledge management as the core of management and service platform of science and technology technical route,main function,construction principles and standards.In order to realize the management systematization of science and technology,intelligent,better educated,multi-level and multi-angle application services.展开更多
With the evolution of application system, there are t wo different system architectures. One is the traditional application system suc h as MIS and Business Software. Along with its extension, the traditional applic a...With the evolution of application system, there are t wo different system architectures. One is the traditional application system suc h as MIS and Business Software. Along with its extension, the traditional applic ation system transforms from file-based structure to C/S and then CSS model. At the same time, following the prevalence of Internet/Intranet, Web application s ystem based on browser comes into being. In early time, Web application only pro vided functions of looking over or querying static data on browser. But with the development of Internet/Intranet widely, it’s expected that more and more trad itional applications can be performed on browser, or even E-Business trades and other complicated application systems such as MIS, ERP and CRM and so on. In or der to satisfy both traditional application and Web application, reduce the cost of developing system repeatedly, increase the repeated use of application syste m and take advantage of the functions of OOA/OOD sufficiently, a new distributed architecture structure (system solution based on repeated components) comes for th. In this article, this distributed architecture structure will be discuss ed in detail. Firstly, the evolution of traditional application system and Web application sys tem will be talked over, especially the advantages and disadvantages of these tw o architectures. Secondly, the distributed architecture (system solution based o n repeated components) will be described particular. Several prevalent technolog y of component, such as COM+, CORBA and EJB, will also be illustrate d in this part. Thirdly, the practice of the technology of repeated component wi ll be discussed by analysing and designing the management system of Science & Te chnology Articles. Lastly, the latest distributed techonlogy of E-business(Web service based on xml/soap) will be discussed. In the end, Based on summing-up o f the distributed technology of E-Business, the future distributed tenchnology of E-Business will be expected.展开更多
Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences(JCPS) has been published for 22 years. During this period, JCPS has progressed from a quarterly journal to monthly publication. Moreover, the qualities of manuscripts and e...Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences(JCPS) has been published for 22 years. During this period, JCPS has progressed from a quarterly journal to monthly publication. Moreover, the qualities of manuscripts and editing are improving, and its influence and international status reaches a high level. Under "the International Influence of Chinese Science and Technology Journals Promotion Plan", the development and internationalization of JCPS will be further promoted.展开更多
From two aspects:the composition of scientific research management institutions and the tasks undertaken by scientific research management departments,the present situation of scientific and technological management t...From two aspects:the composition of scientific research management institutions and the tasks undertaken by scientific research management departments,the present situation of scientific and technological management team in agricultural research institutes is expounded.Some problems existed in the scientific and technological management team of provincial agricultural research institutes are analyzed,such as uneven knowledge structure of scientific research management personnel,low degree of specialization,poor stability,lack of professional and systematic job training,etc.Professional development countermeasures are proposed,such as optimizing the structure of scientific research management team,establishing a professional management system with the characteristics of agricultural scientific research institutions,formulating corresponding evaluation mechanism for scientific research management personnel,and strengthening the training of agricultural scientific research management personnel.展开更多
The Japanese government formulates the Science and Technology Basic Plan every five years based on the Science and Technology Basic Law, and indicates the future direction of Japan’s science and technology. This pape...The Japanese government formulates the Science and Technology Basic Plan every five years based on the Science and Technology Basic Law, and indicates the future direction of Japan’s science and technology. This paper describes its history, significance, and decision process of this Science and Technology Basic Plan. Then this paper describes the characteristics of the previous five plans, contributions to Japanese science and technological activities, and its challenges for the future. In the formulation of the Science and Technology Basic Plan, the role of the Council for Science and Technology Policy has been significant. However, after establishing Shinzo Abe administration, the inclination to global innovation has been emphasized in Japan as well, the Council for Science and Technology Policy was renamed the Council for Science, Technology and Innovation, and the midterm and annual strategies centered on innovation have also been prepared. This paper described these movements.Japan suffers from population decline and the increase in governmental deficits, and there is also a tendency towards weakness in science and technology innovation. To formulate more suitable science and technology basic plans will revitalize and strengthen Japan’s science and technology innovation.展开更多
With the further aggravation of international competition, the science &: technology development has already become the most important factor that it influences a country's competitiveness. This paper structures th...With the further aggravation of international competition, the science &: technology development has already become the most important factor that it influences a country's competitiveness. This paper structures the evaluation index system of regional science and technology development. It also utilizes AHP and main component projection to analyze the current science and technology development situations of eight areas in our country and receive the final result.展开更多
In the history of bridge engineering, demand has always been the primary driving force for development. Driven by the huge demand for construction since China’s reform and opening-up, Chinese bridge has leapt forward...In the history of bridge engineering, demand has always been the primary driving force for development. Driven by the huge demand for construction since China’s reform and opening-up, Chinese bridge has leapt forward both quantitatively and qualitatively in three major stages, by completing the transition from “follower” to “competitor,” and nally to “leader.” A new future is emerging for Chinese bridge engi- neering. As an important part of China’s transportation infrastructure, the bridge engineering industry is facing challenges in this new era on how to support the construction of a new form of transportation. This paper provides a summary of the status of bridge technology in China, based on a basic analysis of stock demand, incremental demand, and management demand. It is our belief that the Chinese bridge engi- neering industry must ful ll three outstanding requirements: construction ef ciency, management effec- tiveness, and long-term service. Intelligent technology based on information technology provides a new opportunity for innovation in bridge engineering. As a result, the development path of bridge engineering needs to be changed. This paper puts forward the idea of developing a third-generation bridge project that is characterized by intelligence, and discusses this project’s implications, development focus, and plan. In this way, this work provides a direction for the improvement of the core competitiveness of China’s bridge engineering industry.展开更多
With the rapid development of deep space exploration and commercial flight, a series of tough scientific and technological challenges were raised, which urgently require ever advanced technologies to tackle with. Rece...With the rapid development of deep space exploration and commercial flight, a series of tough scientific and technological challenges were raised, which urgently require ever advanced technologies to tackle with. Recently, liquid metals, as a kind of newly emerging functional material, are attracting various attention and many breakthroughs have been made on earth. Such a scientific trend also suggests promising approaches for solving those extreme challenges in space environment. To fulfill the increasing needs thus involved, this article is dedicated to systematically introducing liquid metal material and its related disciplines into space science and technology. Firstly, existing application of liquid metal cooling for space nuclear power was summarized. Then, some potential space practices were tentatively put forward, such as liquid metal thermal interface medium,liquid metal phase change material, liquid metal convection cooling, metal alloy thermal storage, liquid metal electromagnetic shielding and liquid metal electronic printing. Fundamental as well as practical issues that would differ with earth were interpreted. Finally, potential liquid metal space experiments were proposed to investigate the liquid metal hydrodynamic characteristic, wettability and phase change mechanism in space physical environment. Overall, liquid metal enabled space science and technology investigation will not only help efficiently solve the current and future space technological problems, but also aid to stimulate the advancement of liquid metal space material science.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: A meta-analysis of published randomized controlled trials investigating the long- term effect of dexamethasone on the nervous system of preterm infants. DATA SOURCES: Online literature retrieval was condu...OBJECTIVE: A meta-analysis of published randomized controlled trials investigating the long- term effect of dexamethasone on the nervous system of preterm infants. DATA SOURCES: Online literature retrieval was conducted using The Cochrane Library (from January 1993 to June 2013), EMBASE (from January 1980 to June 2013), MEDLINE (from Janu- ary 1963 to June 2013), OVID (from January 1993 to June 2013), Springer (from January 1994 to June 2013) and Chinese Academic Journal Full-text Database (from January 1994 to June 2013). Key words were preterm infants and dexamethasone in English and Chinese. STUDY SELECTION: Selected studies were randomized controlled trials assessing the effect of intravenous dexamethasone in preterm infants. The quality of the included papers was evaluated and those without the development of the nervous system and animal experiments were exclud- ed. Quality assessment was performed through bias risk evaluation in accordance with Cochrane Handbook 5.1.0 software in the Cochrane Collaboration. The homogeneous studies were analyzed and compared using Revman 5.2.6 software, and then effect model was selected and analyzed. Those papers failed to be included in the meta-analysis were subjected to descriptive analysis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Nervous system injury in preterm infants. RESULTS: Ten randomized controlled trials were screened, involving 1,038 subjects. Among them 512 cases received dexamethasone treatment while 526 cases served as placebo control group and blank control group. Meta-analysis results showed that the incidence of cerebral palsy, visual im- pairment and hearing loss in preterm infants after dexamethasone treatment within 7 days after birth was similar to that in the control group (RR = 1.47, 95%CI: 0.97-2.21; RR = 1.46, 95%CI: 0.97-2.20; RR = 0.80, 95%CI: 0.54-1.18; P 〉 0.05), but intelligence quotient was significantly de- creased compared with the control group (MD = -3.55, 95%CI: -6.59 to -0.51; P = 0.02). Prete rm infants treated with dexamethasone 7 days after birth demonstrated an incidence of cerebral palsy and visual impairment, and changes in intelligence quotient similar to those in the control group (RR = 1.26, 95%CI: 0.89-1.79; RR = 1.37, 95%CI: 0.73-2.59; RR = 0.53, 95%CI: 0.32-0.89; RR = 1.66, 95%CI: -4.7 to 8.01; P 〉 0.05). However, the incidence of hearing loss was significantly increased compared with that in the control group (RR = 0.53, 95%CI: 0.32-0.89; P = 0.02). CONCLUSION: Dexamethasone may affect the intelligence of preterm infants in the early stages after birth, but may lead to hearing impairment at later stages after birth. More reliable conclusions should be made through large-size, multi-center, well-designed randomized controlled trials.展开更多
基金Supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(QN2009003)~~
文摘In the paper, theoretical framework of Circular Agricultural Science and Technology Park planning was constructed based on circular agriculture, modern agriculture, garden landscape and management of agriculture SciTech park, and the concerning meaning and characteristics were introduced, providing theoretical bases and guidance for circular agriculture SciTech park.
基金Supported by Soft Subject of 2011 Science Research and Technology Development Program of Nanning CityThe Performance Evaluation Research of Major Science and Technology Program in Nanning City(201106070F)
文摘Major science and technology project generally got high social expectations as a result of harge investment.To ensure that the science and technology teams follow the norms of S&T research and make full use of the investment,the effective norms maintenance mechanism must be established which includes punishment for violators and burnout of teams of supervisors,namely setting up the meta-norm execution mechanism.It is very important to establish the effective major science and technology project evaluation system to reduce the norm and metanorm execution cost.In this paper,the principles,methods and implementation system guarantee of evaluation system building are studied as well.
文摘Based on landscaping practices in the stereo landscape demonstration project of Chongqing Academy of Science and Technology (CAST),current management and maintenance of the stereo landscapes were introduced by analyzing maintenance and management of the plants in the stereo landscape forest.The maintenance and management models were summarized according to the management styles,concrete measures and new technologies were studied,laws and key points for the maintenance and management in different seasons were given,and finally deficiencies and solutions were proposed to improve the future maintenance and management.
基金Supported by the State Grain High Yield Science and Technology Project in Hebei Province of Eleventh Five-Year Plan(2006BAD02A08-5-1)
文摘Firstly,relying on the science and technology project of high yield in Hebei Province,connotation of agricultural technology demonstration and extension mode and the high yield grain project in Hebei Province is introduced.Extension mode of agricultural technology demonstration and radiation is constructed.Agricultural technology demonstration and radiation mode includes the radiation center,primary irradiation and secondary irradiation.Secondly,management system and operational mechanism of agricultural technology demonstration and radiation mode are discussed,mainly expressed in establishing leading group in each demonstration county(city),carrying out leader contract responsibility system,establishing expert advisor steering group and setting up core experts group for subject,establishing technical experts group for subject,setting up leading group in the radiation area,carrying out chief expert responsibility system and technician matrix responsibility system,establishing the operating mechanism of "open,flow,competition and collaboration" with "test area-expert two-way selection" as the core content.Finally,countermeasures to improve the agricultural technology demonstration and radiation mode is put forward,such as establishing the rural technology demonstration base,strengthening cooperation with enterprises,and adopting flexible technical training,so as to promote the spread of agricultural high-tech,to increase the contribution rate of agricultural technology,and to offer ideas for agricultural technology extension model at the new era.
文摘"Symposium on Defense Science and Technology Management 2008",sponsored by China Ordnance Society and Beijing Institute of Technology,and undertaken by Management and Economy College,Beijing Institute of Technology,will be held in Beijing Institute of Technology in the last ten-day period
文摘1. The production of high grade ferrite permanent magnet device (Beijing General Research Institute of Metallurgy) 2. Beijing Jinlong Science and Trade Comprehensive Building (A,B) (Beijing General Research Institute of Nonferrous Metals)
基金Supported by Foundation for Humanities and Social Sciences Research Planning of Ministry of Education of China in 2019(19YJA630058)。
文摘Firstly,the current situation of China’s current marine science and technology talent ecological chain was analyzed,and then the problems in talent training were discussed.Finally,countermeasures to improve the talent ecological chain were proposed.
文摘To advance the field of science and technology,we need to revitalize the development of science and technology through innovation.The development of science and technology has many beneficial implications on the revitalization of the country.For this reason,universities in China should give full attention to their role as the main propeller of science and technology.“Streamlining administration,delegating powers,improving regulation,and strengthening services”is a policy issued by the Chinese government for the management of science and technology funds in colleges and universities.Based on the policy of“streamlining administration,delegating powers,improving regulation,and strengthening services,”colleges and universities must optimize the management of science and technology funds for their efficient use.In this paper,we analyzed the importance of the policy and put forward an effective management strategy,aiming to improve the management of science and technology funds in colleges and universities.
基金Supported by In-Depth Analysis and Research of Key Science and Technology Areas of ISTIC(No.ZD2017-1)
文摘The study tries to reveal the situation and development trends of China's graphene research utilizing National Science and Technology Reports(NSTR) as the new data resource. Findings show a continual increase of graphene projects sponsored by the government. Most of them are from the National Basic Research Program of China and the National High-tech R&D Program,which reflects mainly aiming for breakthroughs of China's graphene research in major frontier fields and promoting industrial competitiveness. As a new material in nanometer area,the graphene research mainly focuses on nanometer research area. Besides,it has also involved more in the promising applications,such as advanced energy technology,biological and medical technology,testing and analytical instrument technology,etc. Major players are universities and research institutes,and they have collaborated a lot. Few enterprises have played an important role in the collaboration network,so China's graphene research is still mainly in the basic research step. Key scholars with their research interests have been revealed.
基金Shenyang Philosophy and Social Science Planning Fund(SZ202001L)Social Science Planning Fund of Liaoning Province(L19BGL03)。
文摘Objective To put forward some suggestions for the improvement of the evaluation system of Shenzhen Industrial Park of Shenzhen-Hong Kong Innovation Cooperation Zone by studying the scientific research project evaluation and management system of Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development(AMED).Methods Through literature review,lessons were drawn from the review and management policies and methods of biomedical projects implemented by Japan AMED.Then some reference was provided to the review and management of the projects in Shenzhen Industrial Park.Results and Conclusion A basic review framework has been set up in Shenzhen Industrial Park,which consists of scientific research management institution of Shenzhen Industrial Park,Third-Party Review Institution and Science Committee.However,there are three problems in this system:unclear selection criteria of review experts,insufficient supervision and lack of project evaluation standards.These problems can be solved by establishing an expert think tank,setting up graded project supervisors to have the dynamic monitoring,and developing a general evaluation scale for evaluating scientific research projects in Shenzhen Industrial Park.
基金supported by Research on Construction of Green Building Material Information Management Platform(Grant 2016024).
文摘In recent years,there are some problems in science and technology management,such as untimely task supervision and independent information system,which makes it difficult to achieve accurate,quantitative and standardized management.The storage of scientific research test data is scattered,and there are many deficiencies in the management,promotion and use of existing intellectual property.In this paper,on the basis of the knowledge economy,intelligence economy under the conditions of knowledge management concept and cutting-edge technology,technology management and service management related data,information,knowledge,method of blend together.Based on science and technology management,knowledge management as the core of management and service platform of science and technology technical route,main function,construction principles and standards.In order to realize the management systematization of science and technology,intelligent,better educated,multi-level and multi-angle application services.
文摘With the evolution of application system, there are t wo different system architectures. One is the traditional application system suc h as MIS and Business Software. Along with its extension, the traditional applic ation system transforms from file-based structure to C/S and then CSS model. At the same time, following the prevalence of Internet/Intranet, Web application s ystem based on browser comes into being. In early time, Web application only pro vided functions of looking over or querying static data on browser. But with the development of Internet/Intranet widely, it’s expected that more and more trad itional applications can be performed on browser, or even E-Business trades and other complicated application systems such as MIS, ERP and CRM and so on. In or der to satisfy both traditional application and Web application, reduce the cost of developing system repeatedly, increase the repeated use of application syste m and take advantage of the functions of OOA/OOD sufficiently, a new distributed architecture structure (system solution based on repeated components) comes for th. In this article, this distributed architecture structure will be discuss ed in detail. Firstly, the evolution of traditional application system and Web application sys tem will be talked over, especially the advantages and disadvantages of these tw o architectures. Secondly, the distributed architecture (system solution based o n repeated components) will be described particular. Several prevalent technolog y of component, such as COM+, CORBA and EJB, will also be illustrate d in this part. Thirdly, the practice of the technology of repeated component wi ll be discussed by analysing and designing the management system of Science & Te chnology Articles. Lastly, the latest distributed techonlogy of E-business(Web service based on xml/soap) will be discussed. In the end, Based on summing-up o f the distributed technology of E-Business, the future distributed tenchnology of E-Business will be expected.
文摘Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences(JCPS) has been published for 22 years. During this period, JCPS has progressed from a quarterly journal to monthly publication. Moreover, the qualities of manuscripts and editing are improving, and its influence and international status reaches a high level. Under "the International Influence of Chinese Science and Technology Journals Promotion Plan", the development and internationalization of JCPS will be further promoted.
基金Supported by the Project of Human Resources and Social Security in Hebei Province(JRS-2022-3102)。
文摘From two aspects:the composition of scientific research management institutions and the tasks undertaken by scientific research management departments,the present situation of scientific and technological management team in agricultural research institutes is expounded.Some problems existed in the scientific and technological management team of provincial agricultural research institutes are analyzed,such as uneven knowledge structure of scientific research management personnel,low degree of specialization,poor stability,lack of professional and systematic job training,etc.Professional development countermeasures are proposed,such as optimizing the structure of scientific research management team,establishing a professional management system with the characteristics of agricultural scientific research institutions,formulating corresponding evaluation mechanism for scientific research management personnel,and strengthening the training of agricultural scientific research management personnel.
文摘The Japanese government formulates the Science and Technology Basic Plan every five years based on the Science and Technology Basic Law, and indicates the future direction of Japan’s science and technology. This paper describes its history, significance, and decision process of this Science and Technology Basic Plan. Then this paper describes the characteristics of the previous five plans, contributions to Japanese science and technological activities, and its challenges for the future. In the formulation of the Science and Technology Basic Plan, the role of the Council for Science and Technology Policy has been significant. However, after establishing Shinzo Abe administration, the inclination to global innovation has been emphasized in Japan as well, the Council for Science and Technology Policy was renamed the Council for Science, Technology and Innovation, and the midterm and annual strategies centered on innovation have also been prepared. This paper described these movements.Japan suffers from population decline and the increase in governmental deficits, and there is also a tendency towards weakness in science and technology innovation. To formulate more suitable science and technology basic plans will revitalize and strengthen Japan’s science and technology innovation.
文摘With the further aggravation of international competition, the science &: technology development has already become the most important factor that it influences a country's competitiveness. This paper structures the evaluation index system of regional science and technology development. It also utilizes AHP and main component projection to analyze the current science and technology development situations of eight areas in our country and receive the final result.
文摘In the history of bridge engineering, demand has always been the primary driving force for development. Driven by the huge demand for construction since China’s reform and opening-up, Chinese bridge has leapt forward both quantitatively and qualitatively in three major stages, by completing the transition from “follower” to “competitor,” and nally to “leader.” A new future is emerging for Chinese bridge engi- neering. As an important part of China’s transportation infrastructure, the bridge engineering industry is facing challenges in this new era on how to support the construction of a new form of transportation. This paper provides a summary of the status of bridge technology in China, based on a basic analysis of stock demand, incremental demand, and management demand. It is our belief that the Chinese bridge engi- neering industry must ful ll three outstanding requirements: construction ef ciency, management effec- tiveness, and long-term service. Intelligent technology based on information technology provides a new opportunity for innovation in bridge engineering. As a result, the development path of bridge engineering needs to be changed. This paper puts forward the idea of developing a third-generation bridge project that is characterized by intelligence, and discusses this project’s implications, development focus, and plan. In this way, this work provides a direction for the improvement of the core competitiveness of China’s bridge engineering industry.
基金supported by the Key Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 91748206)the Frontier Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Dean’s Research Funding。
文摘With the rapid development of deep space exploration and commercial flight, a series of tough scientific and technological challenges were raised, which urgently require ever advanced technologies to tackle with. Recently, liquid metals, as a kind of newly emerging functional material, are attracting various attention and many breakthroughs have been made on earth. Such a scientific trend also suggests promising approaches for solving those extreme challenges in space environment. To fulfill the increasing needs thus involved, this article is dedicated to systematically introducing liquid metal material and its related disciplines into space science and technology. Firstly, existing application of liquid metal cooling for space nuclear power was summarized. Then, some potential space practices were tentatively put forward, such as liquid metal thermal interface medium,liquid metal phase change material, liquid metal convection cooling, metal alloy thermal storage, liquid metal electromagnetic shielding and liquid metal electronic printing. Fundamental as well as practical issues that would differ with earth were interpreted. Finally, potential liquid metal space experiments were proposed to investigate the liquid metal hydrodynamic characteristic, wettability and phase change mechanism in space physical environment. Overall, liquid metal enabled space science and technology investigation will not only help efficiently solve the current and future space technological problems, but also aid to stimulate the advancement of liquid metal space material science.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Plan Program of Hunan Province,No.2011SK3234
文摘OBJECTIVE: A meta-analysis of published randomized controlled trials investigating the long- term effect of dexamethasone on the nervous system of preterm infants. DATA SOURCES: Online literature retrieval was conducted using The Cochrane Library (from January 1993 to June 2013), EMBASE (from January 1980 to June 2013), MEDLINE (from Janu- ary 1963 to June 2013), OVID (from January 1993 to June 2013), Springer (from January 1994 to June 2013) and Chinese Academic Journal Full-text Database (from January 1994 to June 2013). Key words were preterm infants and dexamethasone in English and Chinese. STUDY SELECTION: Selected studies were randomized controlled trials assessing the effect of intravenous dexamethasone in preterm infants. The quality of the included papers was evaluated and those without the development of the nervous system and animal experiments were exclud- ed. Quality assessment was performed through bias risk evaluation in accordance with Cochrane Handbook 5.1.0 software in the Cochrane Collaboration. The homogeneous studies were analyzed and compared using Revman 5.2.6 software, and then effect model was selected and analyzed. Those papers failed to be included in the meta-analysis were subjected to descriptive analysis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Nervous system injury in preterm infants. RESULTS: Ten randomized controlled trials were screened, involving 1,038 subjects. Among them 512 cases received dexamethasone treatment while 526 cases served as placebo control group and blank control group. Meta-analysis results showed that the incidence of cerebral palsy, visual im- pairment and hearing loss in preterm infants after dexamethasone treatment within 7 days after birth was similar to that in the control group (RR = 1.47, 95%CI: 0.97-2.21; RR = 1.46, 95%CI: 0.97-2.20; RR = 0.80, 95%CI: 0.54-1.18; P 〉 0.05), but intelligence quotient was significantly de- creased compared with the control group (MD = -3.55, 95%CI: -6.59 to -0.51; P = 0.02). Prete rm infants treated with dexamethasone 7 days after birth demonstrated an incidence of cerebral palsy and visual impairment, and changes in intelligence quotient similar to those in the control group (RR = 1.26, 95%CI: 0.89-1.79; RR = 1.37, 95%CI: 0.73-2.59; RR = 0.53, 95%CI: 0.32-0.89; RR = 1.66, 95%CI: -4.7 to 8.01; P 〉 0.05). However, the incidence of hearing loss was significantly increased compared with that in the control group (RR = 0.53, 95%CI: 0.32-0.89; P = 0.02). CONCLUSION: Dexamethasone may affect the intelligence of preterm infants in the early stages after birth, but may lead to hearing impairment at later stages after birth. More reliable conclusions should be made through large-size, multi-center, well-designed randomized controlled trials.