Design of Traditional Chinese Medicine Extraction Workshop Process and Automation System

Objective: This paper takes the example of a Panax notoginseng extraction workshop and designs an automated production workshop with advanced domestic capabilities. Methods: 1) Based on the small-scale Panax notoginseng extraction process, the feasibility of the workshop production process is demonstrated. 2) The workshop process design for Panax Notoginseng saponin extraction is completed, including production organization plans and the selection of key equipment. 3) For the Panax notoginseng extraction workshop process, an automated production control system is designed. Conclusion: Through optimized design of the production process and automation system, continuous and automated production of traditional Chinese medicine extraction is achieved, leading to improvements in drug quality and production efficiency.

Explore the value and potential of traditional Chinese medicine against cancer with the methodology and practice spirit of natural science

Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） is a life science with original characteristics of our nation, which has its own advantages in facing modern medicine. As a clinical discipline with distinct characteristics of life medical science, oncology is a typical discipline that combines the advantages of Chinese and Western medicine. TCM has two different cultural attributes, the humanities and the natural sciences. However, when confronted with such a serious disease as cancer, the approach of natural science of TCM should be emphasized to participate in anti-cancer practice.

The dynamic changes and mechanisms of Rehmanniae radix processing based on Maillard reaction

Background:Traditional Chinese medicines are usually processed before they are used for clinical treatment.This is done in a way associated with the Maillard reaction.Methods:Based on the Maillard reaction,this paper analyzed the degree of processing of rehmannia root(Rehmanniae radix)relative to the dynamic variation rules of Maillard reaction index parameters,including pH,A420,amino acids,and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural.Furthermore,this study introduced thermal analysis techniques and pyrolysis kinetics to assess the influence of the correlation between processing raw rehmannia root and the Maillard reaction during carbonization.It then went through the whole process of transforming the raw material to end-product in order to explain the scientific connotation of processing it.Results:The results showed that each time rehmannia root was processed,its pH value and amino acid content decreased,while the A420 value and 5-HMF increased.Processing with wine shows a significant difference in these experimental indexes.The position and intensity of the maximum thermal weight loss rate peak of processed rehmannia root at different degrees of processing are different.Comprehensive quantitative 221±0.2°C for processed rehmannia root carbonization was the processing temperature limit.Moreover,the kinetic solution verified that the activation energy corresponding to the carbonization temperature was close to the maximum value of the activation energy of the whole carbonization process,and the optimal mechanism function was g(α)=((1−α)−1/3−1)2.Conclusion:The Maillard reaction occurred during the processing of rehmannia root mixed with carbonization.With each increase of the number of steaming and drying cycles involved in the processing,the level of Maillard reaction increased significantly.The wine-steaming method had a significant effect on the quality of the processed product.

Traditional Chinese medicine Master XIONG Jibo’s medication experience in treating arthralgia syndrome through data mining

Objective This study aimed to examine and propagate the medication experience and group formula of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)Master XIONG Jibo in diagnosing and treat-ing arthralgia syndrome(AS)through data mining.Methods Data of outpatient cases of Professor XIONG Jibo were collected from January 1,2014 to December 31,2018,along with cases recorded in A Real Famous Traditional Chinese Medicine Doctor:XIONG Jibo's Clinical Medical Record 1,which was published in December 2019.The five variables collected from the patients’data were TCM diagnostic information,TCM and western medicine diagnoses,syndrome,treatment,and prescription.A database was established for the collected data with Excel.Using the Python environment,a custom-ized modified natural language processing(NLP)model for the diagnosis and treatment of AS by Professor XIONG Jibo was established to preprocess the data and to analyze the word cloud.Frequency analysis,association rule analysis,cluster analysis,and visual analysis of AS cases were performed based on the Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Computing Platform(V3.0)and RStudio(V4.0.3).Results A total of 610 medical records of Professor XIONG Jibo were collected from the case database.A total of 103 medical records were included after data screening criteria,which comprised 187 times(45 kinds)of prescriptions and 1506 times(125 kinds)of Chinese herbs.The main related meridians were the liver,spleen,and kidney meridians.The properties of Chinese herbs used most were mainly warm,flat,and cold,while the flavors of herbs were mainly bitter,pungent,and sweet.The main patterns of AS included the damp heat,phlegm stasis,and neck arthralgia.The most commonly used herbs for AS were Chuanniuxi(Cyathu-lae Radix),Huangbo(Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex),Cangzhu(Atractylodis Rhizoma),Qinjiao(Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix),Gancao(Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma),Huangqi(Astragali Radix),and Chuanxiong(Chuanxiong Rhizoma).The most common effect of the herbs was“promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis”,followed by“supple-menting deficiency(Qi supplementing,blood supplementing,and Yang supplementing)”,and“dispelling wind and dampness”.The data were analyzed with the support≥15%and con-fidence=100%,and after de-duplication,five second-order association rules,39 third-order association rules,39 fourth-order association rules,and two fifth-order association rules were identified.The top-ranking association rules of each were“Cangzhu(Atractylodis Rhizoma)→Huangbo(Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex)”“Cangzhu(Atractylodis Rhizoma)+Chuanniuxi(Cyathulae Radix)→Huangbo(Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex)”“Chuanniuxi(Cyathulae Radix)+Danggui(Angelicae Sinensis Radix)+Gancao(Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma)→Qinjiao(Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix)”and“Chuanniuxi(Cyathulae Radix)+Danggui(Angelicae Sinensis Radix)+Gancao(Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma)+Huangbo(Phello-dendri Chinensis Cortex)→Qinjiao(Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix)”,respectively.Five clusters were obtained using cluster analysis of the top 30 herbs.The herbs were mainly dry-ing dampness,supplementing Qi,and promoting blood circulation.The main prescriptions of AS were Ermiao San(二妙散),Gegen Jianghuang San(葛根姜黄散),and Huangqi Chongteng Yin(黄芪虫藤饮).The herbs of core prescription included Cangzhu(Atractylodis Rhizoma),Chuanniuxi(Cyathulae Radix),Gancao(Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma),Huangbo(Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex),Mugua(Chaenomelis Fructus),Qinjiao(Gentianae Macro-phyllae Radix),Danggui(Angelicae Sinensis Radix),and Yiyiren(Coicis Semen).Conclusion Clearing heat and dampness,relieving collaterals and pain,and invigorating Qi and blood are the most commonly used therapies for the treatment of AS by Professor XIONG Jibo.Additionally,customized NLP model could improve the efficiency of data mining in TCM.

Research hotspots and trends in Chinese minority traditional medicine during 2021:a visual bibliometrics analysis

Background:Chinese minority traditional medicine(CMTM)is an important component of Chinese traditional culture and medicine that has contributed to the health and prosperity of Chinese people of all ethnic groups.Although this type of medicine has attracted interest,its developmental trends and research status remain unclear.Therefore,we used literature metrology to evaluate the publications on CMTM during 2021 and explore hotspots and frontier areas.Methods:Reports associated with CMTM published between January 1,2021,and December 31,2021,were downloaded from the Web of Science database.The authors,institutions,countries,journals,keywords,and other standard bibliometric indicators were analyzed and visualized using CiteSpace,and research hotspots and trends were identified.Results:We retrieved 152 CMTM-related publications,among which Tibetan medicine attracted the most interest.Journals covering alternative and complementary medicine topics were the most prevalent sources of reports about CMTM,particularly the Journal of Ethnopharmacology.Most research in this field was conducted in China and frequently published by traditional Chinese medicine colleges and universities.One author,Yi Zhang,has extensively investigated Tibetan and Korean medicine.The keyword co-occurrence network revealed that investigations into ethnic groups mainly focused on the pharmacological activities and phytochemical components of ethnic medicines.The keywords of gut microbiota and autophagy in some publications reflect the direction of future CMTM investigations.Conclusion:Our findings showed the current status and trends in CMTM investigations.This information will help identify new research directions and hotspots in this field.

Comparison of Different Processing Methods of Ziziphus jujuba Mill.

[Objectives]To study and compare the processing methods of Ziziphus jujuba Mill.[Methods]Z.jujuba was processed by seven methods:cleaning,yellowish frying,burnt frying,carbonized frying,moistening by hot sand,steaming,and boiling.Ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry was used to determine the content of total flavonoids in each processed Z.jujuba.[Results]The content of total flavonoids measured by various processing methods was different.The content of total flavonoids in the processed Z.jujuba by moistening by hot sand was relatively high and the absorption peak spectrum was almost the same as that of the cleaned processed Z.jujuba and the rutin reference substance.[Conclusions]The moistening by hot sand is the optimal method for processing of Z.jujuba.

A Protocol for Digitalized Collection of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)Pulse Information Using Bionic Pulse Diagnosis Equipment

Pulse diagnosis equipment used in Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)has long been developed for collecting pulse information and in TCM research.However,it is still difficult to implement pulse taking automatically or efficiently in clinical practice.Here,we present a digital protocol for TCM pulse information collection based on bionic pulse diagnosis equipment,which ensures high efficiency,reliability and data integrity of pulse diagnosis information.A four-degree-of-freedom pulse taking platform together with a wrist bracket can satisfy the spatial positioning and angle requirements for individually adaptive pulse acquisition.Three-dimensional reconstruction of a wrist surface and an image localization model are combined to provide coordinates of the acquisition position and detection direction automatically.Three series elastic joints can not only simulate the TCM pulse taking method that“Three fingers in a straight line,the middle finger determining the‘Guan’location and finger pulp pressing on the radial artery,”but also simultaneously carry out the force-controlled multi-gradient pressing process.In terms of pulse information integrity,this proposed protocol can generate rich pulse information,including basic individual information,pulse localization distribution,multi-gradient dynamic pulse force time series,and objective pulse parameters,which can help establish the fundamental data sets that are required as the pulse phenotype for subsequent comprehensive analysis of pulse diagnosis.The implementation of this scheme is beneficial to promote the standardization of the digitalized collection of pulse information,the effectiveness of detecting abnormal health status,and the promotion of the fundamental and clinical research of TCM,such as TCM pulse phenomics.

Non-thermal plasma treatment of Radix aconiti wastewater generated by traditional Chinese medicine processing

The wastewater effluent from Radix aconiti processing, an important step in the production processes of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）, is a type of toxic wastewater and difficult to treat. Plasma oxidation methods have emerged as feasible techniques for effective decomposition of toxic organic pollutants. This study examined the performance of a plasma reactor operated in a dielectric barrier discharge（DBD） to degrade the effluent from R. aconiti processing. The effects of treatment time, discharge voltage, initial pH value and the feeding gas for the reactor on the degradation of this TCM wastewater were investigated. A bacterium bioluminescence assay was adopted in this study to test the toxicity of the TCM wastewater after non-thermal plasma treatment. The degradation ratio of the main toxic component was 87.77% after 60 min treatment with oxygen used as feed gas and it was 99.59% when the initial p H value was 8.0. High discharge voltage and alkaline solution environment were beneficial for improving the degradation ratio. The treatment process was found to be capable of reducing the toxicity of the wastewater to a low level or even render it non-toxic. These experimental results suggested that the DBD plasma method may be a competitive technology for primary decomposition of biologically undegradable toxic organic pollutants in TCM wastewater.

Study on Digitization of TCM Diagnosis Applied Extraction Method of Blood Vessel

This paper presents a study on digitization of Traditional Chinese Medicine diagnosis. The research consists of two aspects: a) algorithms for blood vessels extraction in sclera-conjunctiva images, which can be applied in syndrome differentiation by observing human eyes (named Ocular Diagnostic in Traditional Chinese Medicine);b) digitization of extracted vessels. First, sclera-conjunctiva region is isolated by optimal threshold segmentation and mathematical operation;Scanning and edge detection methods are used to gain the edge of the blood vessels. Moreover, the edge feature parameters are gained, which can be used to reconstruct the blood vessels. Experimental results show that blood vessels information can be obtained fast and accurately for the further TCM diagnosis by artificial system.

Integration of Traditional Chinese Medicine with Modern Science is the Way Forward

On behalf of the editorial team of World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine(WJTCM),we would like to convey our sincere gratitude to the great efforts of our editorial board members,referees,authors,readers and all the warmhearted supporters to contribute for the journal growth in the first year of its release in 2015.

以三伏贴为例探究中医药科普现状及其提升路径

[目的]以三伏贴为例,调查居民中医药科普知识现状及其影响因素,为制定中医药科普宣教策略与方法提供科学建议。[方法]采用网络调查问卷及Logistic回归分析法,研究居民对三伏贴的认知、行为、意愿及影响因素,探讨中医药科普的有效策略及方法。[结果]居民对其治病类型的认知正确率分别为支气管炎或慢性阻塞性肺疾病(22.9%)、鼻炎(21.4%)、保健和增强免疫力(19.3%);对治疗方式的认知正确率分别为医保可报销(35.0%)和每疗程用药次数(20.3%);只有7.8%居民曾有治疗体验;获取知识途径单一,主要为口口相传(26.6%)和网络(22.6%)。治病类型认知正确率的最大促进因素为基础疾病患者,其比值比(odds ratio,OR)为2.44(P<0.05);治疗方式认知正确率的促进因素有女性(OR=1.70,P<0.01)和参保人员(OR=2.41,P<0.01)。居民知识需求率为71.7%,60岁及以上老年人为100%,国内外科普宣教认同率为78.2%和80.0%。[结论]居民三伏贴科普知识及应用水平较低,但治疗意愿、知识需求及科普宣教认同率较高。建议加大特定疗法的微观宣教,以女性、基础病患者、参保居民与老年人为突破口,扩大科普宣教的受众人群,开拓多元化科普宣教路径,进行科普宣教的精准施策,从而提高居民健康素养,助力健康中国。

基于培养新型高阶中医药人才的中药炮制教学改革

在实现中华民族伟大复兴中国梦的大背景下,我国政府出台多项政策推动中医药发展,同时也对培养符合时代和社会需求的中医药人才提出更高的要求。中药炮制是中医药的重要特色,该课程在中药人才培养中具有重要的地位。文章以培养新型高阶中医药人才为教育目标,从教学理念、教学方法、评价体系3个方面对中药炮制教学进行了大胆的改革与实践。结果表明,在教学相长的同时,教学改革不仅大大增强了学生们的专业自信、文化自信,更激发了学生们改革创新的意识、对行业发展的思考和对民族复兴的责任感。

小儿推拿联合中医护理在婴幼儿运动发育迟缓康复中的应用

目的 探究小儿推拿联合中医护理在婴幼儿运动发育迟缓康复治疗中的临床效果。方法 选取聊城市人民医院2021年12月—2022年2月收治的68例运动发育迟缓患儿作为研究对象,随机分成对照组和试验组,各34例。对照组予常规治疗和护理,试验组在对照组基础上予小儿推拿联合中医护理干预,比较2组患儿干预前后的粗大运动发育商(GMQ)、精细运动发育商(FMQ)和总体发育商(TMQ)变化情况。结果 干预前,2组患者的GMQ、FMQ、TMQ评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,试验组患者的GMQ、FMQ、TMQ评分均显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 小儿推拿联合中医护理应用于婴幼儿运动发育迟缓康复的临床效果显著,可有效提高患儿的运动发育水平,改善生活质量,值得在临床推广。

科学基金稳定支持中医药基础研究创新发展

本文聚焦科学基金在中医药基础研究创新发展中的支撑和引领作用,系统梳理了医学科学部成立以来对中医药基础研究的支持投入和领域布局,在分析问题和挑战,把握中医药研究时代机遇的基础上,论述了科学基金在中医药基础研究中发挥支撑和引导作用,并,对未来发展进行展望。

2022年NSFC心血管领域中、西医申请资助情况分析

系统梳理分析2022年国家自然科学基金心血管领域中、西医学面上项目、青年科学基金项目和地区科学基金项目3类常规项目的申请和资助情况、所涉及主要病种、研究热点和研究思路。结果显示,两个领域研究的主要病种相似,研究热点也基本一致。均以动脉粥样硬化、冠心病、心力衰竭、高血压、继发性心肌损伤和心律失常为主,主要开展表观遗传学、外泌体、细胞焦亡或铁死亡、细胞自噬、肠道微生物群以及线粒体功能方面的研究,思路呈现多样化的特点。但西医心血管领域的病种更为广泛,还包括心脏移植等中医心血管领域不涉及的病种。在科学问题导向和研究内容方面,中医心血管领域要求在中医药理论的指导下,以解决中医学科的关键科学问题为导向,体现中医药的特色。此外,研究热点只是探索科学问题的技术手段,应深入凝练科学问题,避免盲目追求结合研究热点反而缺乏了创新性思想和科学依据,鼓励原创性基础研究。

发现驱动中医药研究的新范式

发挥中医药原创优势、推动我国生命科学实现创新突破是国家需求,但如何挖掘中医药的原创优势,还需要进一步提升思想认知,用现代科学解读中医药学原理。本文在建国以来中医药实证性研究的基础上,正本清源,传承精华,厘清中医学中未加工事实与理性推演之间的关系,发现其中的科学事实;阐幽明微,守正创新,应用现代科学技术,发现中医理论与效应的独特原创优势,从中医出发为医学与生命科学做贡献,解决生物医药“卡脖子”问题两方面,面向未来,列举例证,发现驱动中医药研究的新范式:在厘清古籍医学事实、明确中医药临床效应的基础上,深入研究中国医学中尚不能被现代医学解释的独特生物学现象和过程,以期揭示新的生理现象、阐释新的病理机制、创建新的治疗策略,更加充分地发挥中医药原创优势,推动我国生物医学实现创新突破。

高等中医药院校西医内科学教学的创新探索

在高等中医药院校中医专业的学习中,西医内科学亦为重要的临床专业课程之一,但西医内科学教学面临与中医课程交叉、课时压缩、学生基础薄弱等相应问题,增加了该课程的学习难度。随着现代社会对医学人才的要求不断提高,中医药院校的临床专业学生也必须掌握西医的理论基础和临床疾病。为了贯彻国家“新医科”建设,提高中医专业西医内科学教学水平,提升本科生分析及解决临床问题的能力,笔者所在教研室总结出内科专业主讲教师+教学秘书责任制、现代化教学手段+问题/病例切入式教学、充分利用现代网络和床旁教学等不同教学模式,在实际运用中取得了很好的教学效果,得到授课教师和学生的广泛认可。文章就相关教学经验进行总结,以期为中医药院校本科生的西医内科学教学提供一定的有益建议,提高本科生的西医内科学教学水平。

不同中药炮制措施对中药饮片治疗效果的影响探讨

目的 分析不同中药炮制措施对中药饮片治疗效果的影响。方法 80例接受中药饮片治疗的患者,随机分为对照组与观察组,各40例。对照组在水处理前分档,观察组在水处理前分档联合炮制前分档。对比两组治疗效果及不良反应发生情况。结果 观察组治疗总有效率97.50%高于对照组的82.50%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组不良反应发生率5.00%显著低于对照组的20.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 不同的中药炮制措施会对中药饮片的治疗效果产生影响,水处理前分档联合炮制前分档的方式,可以使整体的治疗效果得到提升,并降低不良反应的发生率。

以效为标·以数为据·以调为治——论中医学的数据科学思维

中医学的本质是追求人与自然的统一和健康平衡,是人类智慧与疾病对抗并寻找和逼近健康解决方案中最优解的过程。中医学持续的生命力源于对临床疗效的追求、从大量复杂数据中寻找促进健康的证据,以及调整健康状态的干预模式。中医学的诊疗模式本身就蕴含着数据科学思维,体现了以数据驱动的决策模式,是一种天然基于数据的科学。

中药炮制学课程思政元素挖掘及教学设计案例分析

思政教学与专业教育的有机融合,不仅可以强化教师“立德树人”的教育理念,更能实现全程育人、全方位育人的教育目标。这就需要在实践过程中,根据中药学专业人才培养目标,深入挖掘课程思政元素,优化教学设计,创新教育教学方法,实现课程思政在中药学专业教育的全过程融入。本教学改革以水飞法为例,从思政元素的挖掘、思政元素映射与融入点的切入、教学方法的创新、思政教育的拓展与评价等方面进行了优化设计,深入挖掘课程思政教学内容和实现方式,并有效应用于教学实践过程,以期构建价值引领、知识传授、能力培养有机统一的中药炮制学教学模式,为中药学类专业课程思政建设及人才培养模式的改革提供借鉴参考。