Over the past decades，various performance appraisal methods have been raised and developed by many scholars and managers for years.It seems that each kind of performance appraisal techniques has its strengths and lim...Over the past decades，various performance appraisal methods have been raised and developed by many scholars and managers for years.It seems that each kind of performance appraisal techniques has its strengths and limitations and none of them is able to avoid all of the pitfalls.Today，driven by the power of innovation，dozens of new companies are trying to reinvent the performance management tools market.This paper analyzes how the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) implemented to provide line managers with a performance appraisal system in the private sector companies through the case study of Rockwater，and critically identify its main strengths and limitations，and then make some recommendations for improvement.展开更多
The principal objective of the research reported in this article is to validate a Balanced Scorecard (BSC) model and a Strategic Map for the University by studying the relationships of efficiency between its dimension...The principal objective of the research reported in this article is to validate a Balanced Scorecard (BSC) model and a Strategic Map for the University by studying the relationships of efficiency between its dimensions. Subsequently, the validation is completed by establishing hypotheses of efficiency relationships between the perspectives proposed, employing Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Empirical evidence has been obtained on the validity of the proposed BSC for a unit of academic management in the university. The first contribution of this work is the establishment of a framework of analysis of the hypothetical cause-effect relationships in the BSC in university institutions. The second contribution is to obtain the determining factors of the performance in this type of institution and, therefore, the Strategic Map. Specifically, these factors are: the participation of teaching staff in innovation activities;the number of doctorate-level staff;the academic subjects and credits in the Virtual Campus;and the scores in the surveys of student satisfaction. With respect to research, the determining factors of the performance are: the research sexennials;the funding obtained from contracts with companies;the number of research projects obtained;their financing;and the participation of teachers in these projects.展开更多
Recently, most businesses have introduced a system for improving their responsibility to the customers in terms of job improvement. For example, small-quantity batch production increases cost but improve efficiency of...Recently, most businesses have introduced a system for improving their responsibility to the customers in terms of job improvement. For example, small-quantity batch production increases cost but improve efficiency of management. Companies have been introduced the balanced scorecard to evaluate their management as part of improvement, while they suffer from many trials and errors. Many businesses still have difficulty in introducing balance scorecard concept in their process, but we suggest a method to successfully introduce the balance scorecard. This study aims to suggest a new performance measurement model reflecting relative importance of the key performance indicators for each factor. Our model is applied to several companies in real-world to validate the new model. Also, our study proposes a methodology for an adequate performance measurement using multiple attribute decision making.展开更多
With severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spreading globally and causing 2019 coronavirus disease(COVID-19),a challenge that we unprepared for was about how to optimally plan and distribute limited top-medi...With severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spreading globally and causing 2019 coronavirus disease(COVID-19),a challenge that we unprepared for was about how to optimally plan and distribute limited top-medical resources for patients in need of urgent care.To address this challenge,physicians desperately needed a scientific tool to methodically differentiate between cases with varying severity.In this study,the unique data of COVID-19 intensive care unit(ICU)patients provided by the national medical team in Wuhan were classified into discrete and continuous variable types.All continuous data were discretized using an entropy-based method and transformed into serial information margins,in which each information margin is related to a specific symptom or clinical meaning.Finally,all these native and processed discrete data were used to configure a readable scorecard through logistic regression,which is the desired scientific tool aforementioned.A total of 322 ICU patients(age:[median:64,interquartile range:54-75],males:178[55.28%],and death:72[22.36%])were included in the study.Probabilities of mortality in COVID-19 patients can be evaluated using a scorecard model(calibration slope:1.343,Brier:0.048,Dxy=0.972,and population stability index=0.071),with desired model performances(accuracy=0.948,area under curve=0.99,sensitivity=1,and specificity=0.939).This new model can interpret clinical meanings from complex data,and compare it with existing machine learning methods through a black-box mechanism.This new data-information model answers a critical question of how a computing algorithm produces clinically meaningful results that will help physicians logically allocate medical resources for COVID-19 patients.Notably,this tool has limitations,giving that this research is a retrospective study.Hopefully,this tool will be tested further and optimized for adaptation to similar clinical cases in the future.展开更多
The goal of this study is to analyze and characterize customer expectations in the cosmetics sector.Within this framework,first,the extant literature is reviewed,and 12 most prominent performance measurement criteria ...The goal of this study is to analyze and characterize customer expectations in the cosmetics sector.Within this framework,first,the extant literature is reviewed,and 12 most prominent performance measurement criteria are identified.Then,these criteria are organized along the four different balanced scorecard dimensions.By employing an Interval Type-2 Fuzzy DEMATEL methodology,the weighted importance of these dimensions and criteria are identified.Additionally,with the Interval Type-2 Fuzzy TOPSIS approach,13 leading cosmetic service providers in Ukraine are ranked based on their relative scores.The findings of the study indicate that consumer is the most significant dimension while learning and growth seem to have the least importance.Similarly,it is also concluded that all consumerfocused criteria(i.e.diversification of services,feedback on the product and services,and customer loyalty)have the highest priorities in the complete criterion set.展开更多
The study is an attempt to design a watershed scorecard by identifying and evaluating selected set of indicators,such as surface water quality,ground water quality,soil condition,agriculture condition,and forest condi...The study is an attempt to design a watershed scorecard by identifying and evaluating selected set of indicators,such as surface water quality,ground water quality,soil condition,agriculture condition,and forest condition,which accurately reflect the health of the watershed.Ur River Watershed in Tikamgarh District,Madhya Pradesh was taken as a case study to assess the watershed health.Evaluation was done by calculating different indices for the selected set of indicators and comparing them with the National standards and guidelines.Based on the performance of each indicator,the grades were assigned to the indicators which helped in designing the watershed scorecard.The results revealed that within the watershed,the forest and soil conditions need a considerable plan for improvement in order to maintain the ecosystem whereas the surface water quality,groundwater quality and the agricultural conditions requires protection as well as enhancement in certain areas.展开更多
文摘Over the past decades，various performance appraisal methods have been raised and developed by many scholars and managers for years.It seems that each kind of performance appraisal techniques has its strengths and limitations and none of them is able to avoid all of the pitfalls.Today，driven by the power of innovation，dozens of new companies are trying to reinvent the performance management tools market.This paper analyzes how the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) implemented to provide line managers with a performance appraisal system in the private sector companies through the case study of Rockwater，and critically identify its main strengths and limitations，and then make some recommendations for improvement.
文摘The principal objective of the research reported in this article is to validate a Balanced Scorecard (BSC) model and a Strategic Map for the University by studying the relationships of efficiency between its dimensions. Subsequently, the validation is completed by establishing hypotheses of efficiency relationships between the perspectives proposed, employing Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Empirical evidence has been obtained on the validity of the proposed BSC for a unit of academic management in the university. The first contribution of this work is the establishment of a framework of analysis of the hypothetical cause-effect relationships in the BSC in university institutions. The second contribution is to obtain the determining factors of the performance in this type of institution and, therefore, the Strategic Map. Specifically, these factors are: the participation of teaching staff in innovation activities;the number of doctorate-level staff;the academic subjects and credits in the Virtual Campus;and the scores in the surveys of student satisfaction. With respect to research, the determining factors of the performance are: the research sexennials;the funding obtained from contracts with companies;the number of research projects obtained;their financing;and the participation of teachers in these projects.
文摘Recently, most businesses have introduced a system for improving their responsibility to the customers in terms of job improvement. For example, small-quantity batch production increases cost but improve efficiency of management. Companies have been introduced the balanced scorecard to evaluate their management as part of improvement, while they suffer from many trials and errors. Many businesses still have difficulty in introducing balance scorecard concept in their process, but we suggest a method to successfully introduce the balance scorecard. This study aims to suggest a new performance measurement model reflecting relative importance of the key performance indicators for each factor. Our model is applied to several companies in real-world to validate the new model. Also, our study proposes a methodology for an adequate performance measurement using multiple attribute decision making.
基金This paper is supported by National Social Science Foundation of China （No.96AJB043） and the Fund for Young Faculty of Tianjin University （No.5110104）.
基金This work was supported in part by the Scientific and Technological Innovation 2030-“New Generation Artificial Intelligence”Major Project(No.2021ZD0140406)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62041201)。
文摘With severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spreading globally and causing 2019 coronavirus disease(COVID-19),a challenge that we unprepared for was about how to optimally plan and distribute limited top-medical resources for patients in need of urgent care.To address this challenge,physicians desperately needed a scientific tool to methodically differentiate between cases with varying severity.In this study,the unique data of COVID-19 intensive care unit(ICU)patients provided by the national medical team in Wuhan were classified into discrete and continuous variable types.All continuous data were discretized using an entropy-based method and transformed into serial information margins,in which each information margin is related to a specific symptom or clinical meaning.Finally,all these native and processed discrete data were used to configure a readable scorecard through logistic regression,which is the desired scientific tool aforementioned.A total of 322 ICU patients(age:[median:64,interquartile range:54-75],males:178[55.28%],and death:72[22.36%])were included in the study.Probabilities of mortality in COVID-19 patients can be evaluated using a scorecard model(calibration slope:1.343,Brier:0.048,Dxy=0.972,and population stability index=0.071),with desired model performances(accuracy=0.948,area under curve=0.99,sensitivity=1,and specificity=0.939).This new model can interpret clinical meanings from complex data,and compare it with existing machine learning methods through a black-box mechanism.This new data-information model answers a critical question of how a computing algorithm produces clinically meaningful results that will help physicians logically allocate medical resources for COVID-19 patients.Notably,this tool has limitations,giving that this research is a retrospective study.Hopefully,this tool will be tested further and optimized for adaptation to similar clinical cases in the future.
文摘The goal of this study is to analyze and characterize customer expectations in the cosmetics sector.Within this framework,first,the extant literature is reviewed,and 12 most prominent performance measurement criteria are identified.Then,these criteria are organized along the four different balanced scorecard dimensions.By employing an Interval Type-2 Fuzzy DEMATEL methodology,the weighted importance of these dimensions and criteria are identified.Additionally,with the Interval Type-2 Fuzzy TOPSIS approach,13 leading cosmetic service providers in Ukraine are ranked based on their relative scores.The findings of the study indicate that consumer is the most significant dimension while learning and growth seem to have the least importance.Similarly,it is also concluded that all consumerfocused criteria(i.e.diversification of services,feedback on the product and services,and customer loyalty)have the highest priorities in the complete criterion set.
文摘The study is an attempt to design a watershed scorecard by identifying and evaluating selected set of indicators,such as surface water quality,ground water quality,soil condition,agriculture condition,and forest condition,which accurately reflect the health of the watershed.Ur River Watershed in Tikamgarh District,Madhya Pradesh was taken as a case study to assess the watershed health.Evaluation was done by calculating different indices for the selected set of indicators and comparing them with the National standards and guidelines.Based on the performance of each indicator,the grades were assigned to the indicators which helped in designing the watershed scorecard.The results revealed that within the watershed,the forest and soil conditions need a considerable plan for improvement in order to maintain the ecosystem whereas the surface water quality,groundwater quality and the agricultural conditions requires protection as well as enhancement in certain areas.
