Validity of the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment(PG SGA)in Colorectal Cancer Patients in China

Objective The patient-generated subjective global assessment(PG-SGA)is a nutritional assessment tool specially designed for cancer patients.This study tested the validity of the PG-SGA for the nutritional assessment of colorectal cancer(CRC)patients in China.Methods A total of 8,093 Chinese patients with any stage CRC were enrolled in this cross-sectional,observational study.Within the first 48 hours of admission,patients were evaluated using the PG-SGA,nutritional risk screening 2002(NRS 2002),Karnofsky Performance Status(KPS),and some anthropometric parameters,including the triceps skinfold thickness(TSF),mid-arm circumference(MAC),mid-arm muscle circumference(MAMC),hand grip strength(HGS),maximum left calf circumference(MLCC),and maximum right calf circumference(MRCC),among others.Spearman’s correlation test was performed to analyze item-total score correlations and correlations between the total PG-SGA score and other parameters or performance scores,further testing convergent validity.The discriminative ability of the PG-SGA was measured by comparing different characteristics between several nutritional groups.A principal component analysis was performed with selected parameters to evaluate the construct validity.Results The average total PG-SGA score of all patients was 5.69±4.46,and they had a median age of 59 years(interquartile range(IQR),51-67 years)and an average body mass index(BMI)of 22.57±3.29 kg/m^(2).The item-total correlations of the total PG-SGA score between the global PG-SGA rating(Spearman,r=0.94)and PG-SGA score(patient-generated)(Spearman,r=0.97)were strong.Significant correlations were also found between the total PG-SGA score and other nutritional screening tools,including the BMI(Spearman,r=-0.26),KPS(Spearman,r=-0.36),and NRS 2002(Spearman,r=-0.47).Well-nourished(41.2%),mildly or moderately malnourished(35.3%)and severely malnourished(23.5%)groups defined according to the PG-SGA had significantly different characteristics.Patients with a worse nutritional status tended to have a decreased BMI(well-nourished,23.32 kg/m^(2)vs.mildly or moderately malnourished,22.52 kg/m^(2)vs.severely malnourished,21.35 kg/m^(2);P<0.001),hemoglobin,body fat mass,muscle mass,protein mass,TSF,MAC,HGS,MAMC,and MLCC,and a dramatically increased C-reactive protein level.The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure was>0.7,and the P value of Bartlett’s test of sphericity was<0.001.One component was extracted by the principal component analysis,and the analysis showed that the total PG-SGA score explained the total variances of 97.3%.Conclusion The PG-SGA is a valid tool for evaluating the nutritional status for Chinese CRC patients.

Combining the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PGSGA) and Objective Nutrition Assessment Parameters Better Predicts Malnutrition in Elderly Patients with Colorectal Cancer

Background Malnutrition is common in colorectal cancer(CRC)patients,especially in elderly patients.The Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment(PG-SGA)is a widely used tool developed to detect malnutrition.The aim of this study was to compare the value of the PG-SGA and objective nutrition assessment parameters,in order to identify a better predictive index for malnutrition in elderly patients with CRC.Methods A total of 131 elderly patients(age≥60 years)with CRC were included and were evaluated for their individual nutritional status using the PG-SGA.Anthropometric and serological indicators were also assayed within 48 h of admission to the hospital.Body composition analysis was implemented by bioelectrical impedance analysis(BIA)instrument.The Chi-squared test,univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis,or Spearman’s rank correlation analysis were used to determine the differences among the above indices and parameters with regard to predicting malnutrition.Results According to the PG-SGA score,the incidence of total malnutrition in elderly patients with CRC was 80.92%(PG-SGA score≥2),which increased with age.It was found that 28%of the patients with PG-SGA classification A(PG-SGA score 0-1)had a low fat-free mass index(FFMI).Compared with those with PG-SGA A,patients with PG-SGA C PG-SGA score≥9)showed an increased neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio(NLR)and an increased platelet and lymphocyte ratio(PLR)(median=1.78 VS.2.35,P=0.015 and median=108.8 VS.141.6,P=0.001,respectively).In terms of objective nutrition assessment parameters,severely malnourished CRC patients had significantly lower values of serum albumin(ALB),and retinol conjugated protein(RBP)than those who were well-nourished[(38.35±4.84)g/L VS.(40.56±3.44)g/L,P=0.039 and(30.31±15.83)mg/L VS.(39.01±11.95)mg/L,P=0.033,respectively].The Spearman’s rank correlation analysis showed that the PG-SGA findings had positive correlations with the NLR and PLR;while it had negative correlations with the FFMI,body mass index(BMI),ALB,prealbumin,and RBP.Conclusions In clinical practice,a comprehensive nutritional diagnosis,including the PG-SGA score and these objective indicators,can avoid the underdiagnosis of malnutrition,and is more suitable to detect malnutrition(as well as its causes)in elderly patients with CRC.

Validation of nutritional risk index method against patientgenerated subjective global assessment in screening malnutrition in colorectal cancer patients

Objective：To validate malnutrition screening tool of nutrition risk index （NRI） against patent-generated subjective global assessment （PG-SGA） as a gold standard tool in colorectal cancer patients before radiotherapy.Methods：Nutritional status of 52 volunteer colorectal cancer patients with a mean age of 54.1±16.8 years who referred to radiotherapy center were assessed by PG-SGA （gold standard method） and NRI.Serum albumin levels of patients were determined by colorimetric method.A contingency table was used to determine the sensitivity,specificity,and predictive value of the NRI in screening patients at risk of malnutrition,in comparison with the PG-SGA in patients before radiotherapy.Results：The findings of PG-SGA and NRI showed that 52％ and 45％ of patients in our study were moderately or severely malnourished respectively.The NRI had a sensitivity of 66％ and a specificity of 60％ against PG-SGA.The positive predictive value was 64％ and the negative predicative value was 62％.The agreement between NRI and PG-SGA was statistically insignificant （kappa =0.267; P＞0.05）.Conclusions：The findings of present study showed that the prevalence of malnutrition was high in patients with colorectal cancer.Moreover,NRI method had low sensitivity and specificity in assessing nutritional status of patients with cancer.It seems that the combination of anthropometric,laboratory parameters and a subjective scoring system may be helpful tools in screening of malnutrition in cancer patients.

The Role of the PNI and NLR in Nutritional Risk Screening and Assessment of Gastric Cancer Patients

Background The use of nutritional risk screening and assessment is becoming increasingly common in cancer patients.The Nutritional Risk Screening 2002(NRS 2002)is a nutritional risk screening programe with good utility.The patient generated-subjective global assessment(PG-SGA)is a method used to assess the nutritional status of cancer patients.The prognostic nutritional index(PNI)and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio(NLR)are considered to be predictors of the prognosis following treatment for patients with a variety of cancers.However,the relationship between the PNI and NLR in the nutritional screening and assessment in patients with gastric cancer is unknown.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 378 patients with gastric cancer who underwent surgery at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from August 2019 to December 2020.NRS 2002 and PG-SGA were performed within 24 hours of admission,and indicators such as the serum albumin level,body mass index(BMI),PNI and NLR were measured.Results In the grouping based on the NRS2002,patients in the positive group(NRS 2002≥3)had a higher platelet value,a higher median NLR,and a lower PNI than those in the negative group(NRS 2002<3)(295.50±118.49×10^(9)/L vs.269.36±93.52×10^(9)/L,2.38 vs.1.77,42.36±5.96 vs.46.64±4.29).Based on the PG-SGA grouping,the serum albumin level and lymphocyte count were highest in the mild group(PG-SGA:score 2-3),(36.94±3.51 g/L and 1.91±0.7610^(9)/L)and lowest within the severe group(PG SGA score≥9)(34.09±4.18 g/L and 1.51±0.6410^(9)/L).The BMI was highest in the mild group(23.35±3.00 kg/m^(2))and lowest in the severe group(20.63±2.97 kg/m^(2)),and the PNI was also highest in the mild group(46.50±5.17)and lowest in the severe group(41.64±5.53).However,the NLR was lowest in the mild group(median 1.91)and highest in the severe group(median 2.44).Conclusion The PNI and NLR in gastric cancer patients are closely related to the results of the nutritional risk screening and assessment,suggesting that they may be useful to guide the nutritional interventions for gastric cancer patients.

Nutritional Assessment of Gynecological Cancer Patients in China

Background Malnutrition is common among cancer patients,but few studies have evaluated the nutritional status among gynecological cancer patients in China.This study aimed to assess the nutritional status of women with gynecological cancer using the patient-generated subjective global assessment(PG-SGA).Methods Data for gynecological cancer patients treated at 44 tertiary hospitals were retrieved from a multicenter study on tumor nutrition.The R Software was used for statistical analyses.Univariate analyses of PG-SGA scores were performed using the Chi-squared test for categorical variables and the Wilcoxon-rank sum test or Kruskal-Wallis test for continuous variables,as appropriate.The significance level was 0.05.Results Data for 1962 women with three types of gynecological cancer(cervical,uterine and ovarian cancer)were used for the data analysis.The median PG-SGA score was 4(interquartile range,IQR:1,8),the median participants’age was 51(IQR:46,59)years old,and the patients had a median BMI of 22.9(IQR:20.7,25.4).The percentages of women who had a medical co-morbidity,or had undergone any radical resection,chemotherapy,or radiotherapy were approximately 27.7%,55.4%,52.5%,and 30.2%,respectively.The levels of serum albumin and high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)were 40.1g/L(IQR:36.8,43.1)and 1.2mmol/L(IQR:1.0,1.5),respectively.The identified risk factors for malnutrition based on the PG-SGA score were age(0.05±0.01,p=0.002),BMI(-0.34±0.04,p<0.001),having a medical co-morbidity(0.95±0.33,p=0.004),receiving radiotherapy(1.52±0.31,p<0.001),the serum albumin level(-0.18±0.03,p<0.001),and the HDL-C(-1.12±0.35,p=0.001)as indicated by a linear regression analysis.Conclusions A higher PG-SGA score is positively associated with the age of the patient,having a medical co-morbidity,and receiving radiotherapy,and is negatively related to the patients’BMI and serum albumin and HDL-C levels.

Preliminary validation of Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition criteria in cancer patients:A cross-sectional study

Background:The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition(GLIM)has been used in China since 2019.This study aimed to test the use of the GLIM criteria in Chinese cancer patients and to compare the diagnostic performance of the GLIM criteria with the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment(PG-SGA)and modified PG-SGA(mPG-SGA). Methods:A total of 2,000 cancer patients were consecutively screened using the Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 instrument on ad-mission.Patients at nutritional risk(Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 score≥3)were enrolled to obtain the complete GLIM,PG-SGA,and mPG-SGA criteria.To evaluate the convergent validity,Spearman correlation analysis was used to compare the test-retest reliability of the GLIM criteria and its results with the scores of various nutritional tools and objective parameters.Kruskal-Wallis tests and χ2 tests were used to test the discriminant validity among groups with different nutritional status.We calculated the sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,and negative predictive value for the various tools. Results:There were 562 patients found to be at nutritional risk,accounting for 28.1%of all patients.One hundred seventy-four patients(8.7%)were diagnosed as moderately malnourished,and 333 patients(16.6%)were severely malnourished based on the PG-SGA.When assessed using the GLIM criteria,185 patients(9.3%)were diagnosed as moderately malnourished and 311 patients(15.5%)were severely malnourished.The content validity of the GLIM criteria was 95%,evaluated by 60 medical staff members.The test-retest reliability was good.For the diagnosis of malnutrition versus the PG-SGA,the sensitivity of the GLIM was"good"(90.5%;95%confidence interval[95%CI]=88.0%-93.1%),with a positive predictive value of 92.5%(95%CI=90.2%-94.9%),but the spec-ificity and negative predictive value were"poor."Similar results were obtained when the mPG-SGA was used as the criterion. Conclusions:Overall,this cross-sectional study suggests that the GLIM criteria comprise a valid and reliable tool to assess the nutri-tional status of Chinese cancer patients.

Malnutrition and Quality of Life in Chinese Cancer Patients: a Clinical Study of 23,994 Subjects

Background Malnutrition is common in patients with cancer,and can negatively impact their quality of life(QoL)and even survival.However,there is currently no large data available on the prevalence of malnutrition in Chinese cancer patients.This study evaluated the prevalence of malnutrition and the QoL of Chinese patients with locoregional,recurrent or metastatic cancer.Methods We conducted a nationwide observational,multi-center,hospital-based cross-sectional study within the Chinese Society of Nutritional Oncology(CSNO)Network.All of the patients were diagnosed with one of the following 18 different types of malignant tumors:lung cancer,gastric cancer,liver cancer,colorectal cancer,breast cancer,esophageal cancer,cervical cancer,endometrial cancer,nasopharyngeal carcinoma,malignant lymphoma,leukemia,pancreatic cancer,ovarian cancer,prostate cancer,bladder cancer,brain cancer,biliary tract malignant tumors or gastrointestinal stromal tumors.These patients were enrolled from 72 hospitals located in different regions of China.The patients’nutritional status was evaluated based on the body mass index(BMI),loss of bodyweight,laboratory measurements and patient generated-subjective global assessment(PG-SGA)scores.The cancer patients’physical status and QoL were assessed by the Karnofsky Performance Status(KPS)questionnaire and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer(EORTC)QLQ-C30 questionnaire,respectively.Results From December 2013 to April 2016,23,994 patients hospitalized for cancer treatment(such as surgery,chemotherapy or radiotherapy)were enrolled in the study.The patients included 12,494(52.9%)males and 11,124(47.1%)females.The mean age was 55.8±13.7 years.The proportions of patients in cancer stagesⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳand uncertain were 11.5%,20.3%,27.5%,30.2%and 10.5%,respectively.Among the 23,994 inpatients,the proportions of patients who were underweight(BMI<18.5 kg/m2),normal(18.5 kg/m2<BMI<24 kg/m2),overweight(24 kg/m2≤BMI<28 kg/m2)and obese(BMI≥28 kg/m2)were 9.3%,59.9%,26.1%and 4.7%,respectively.A total of 18.3%(4,101/22,424)of patients had lost 5%or more of their bodyweight within the past month and 19.6%(2,463/12,538)of patients had lost 10%or more of their bodyweight within the past 6 months.According to the PG-SGA scores,26.6%of the patients were severely malnourished(score≥9),31.3%were moderately malnourished(scores 4~8).A total of 22.2%of patients had a serum albumin level lower than 35g/L.Only 8.6%(2056/23,991)of the patients had severe KPS scores(≤60).The patients with these severe KPS scores were most frequently among those with cancers of the brain(19.7%),prostate(18.0%),pancreas(15.5%)and bladder(15.0%).Based on the QLQ-C30 score,11.6%of patients had a poor QoL.The PG-SGA score and global QoL were correlated(r=-0.593,P<0.001).Conclusion The prevalence of malnutrition in patients with cancer is relatively high,and is related to a poorer QoL.The present findings should be kept in mind when assessing cancer patients,because addressing the patient’s problems in nutritional status would be expected to improve both the clinical outcomes and QoL in cancer patients with malnutrition.

Relationship of the preoperative NRS 2002 score,PG-SGA score,and serum indices with postoperative complications in patients with gastric cancer

Objective To examine the utility of the Nutrition Risk Screening 2002(NRS 2002),Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment(PG-SGA)and serum factors for the preoperative evaluation of gastric cancer patients.Methods We examined 181 gastric cancer patients treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from January 2015 to January 2018.Nutritional assessments were administered within 48 h of admission.The body mass index(BMI)and serum factors were measured,and information on preoperative nutritional support and postoperative complications was recorded.Results Both the NRS 2002 and PG-SGA had positive correlations with age(P<0.05),and negative correlations with albumin,prealbumin,transferrin,hemoglobin,BMI,and bodyweight(P<0.05).The NRS 2002 and PG-SGA scores were positively correlated with each other(r=0.683,P<0.01),but had poor consistency(κ=0.357,P<0.01).During the preoperative period,33.2%of patients received nutritional support,mainly enteral nutrition.The nutritional risk group(NRS 2002≥3)received more support than the group without nutritional risk(NRS 2002<3;P<0.05).Patients with nutritional risk or malnutrition who received preoperative nutritional support had fewer postoperative complications than unsupported patients.The overall rate of complications was 12.2%,and the rate of severe complications(gradeⅢor above)was 5.5%.The malnutrition and nutritional risk groups had higher rates of severe complications.Conclusions The combined application of the NRS 2002,PG-SGA,BMI,and serum nutritional indices was useful for the nutritional screening and assessment of preoperative gastric cancer patients.The NRS 2002 and PG-SGA provided guidance on the need for nutritional support during the preoperative period.

基于自评-主观全面评定量表的个体化营养干预及膳食指导对初发2型糖尿病患者的干预效果

目的探讨基于自评-主观全面评定(PG-SGA)量表的个体化营养干预及膳食指导对初发2型糖尿病患者的干预效果。方法选择2020年1月至2021年11月安徽省亳州市人民医院接诊的80例初发2型糖尿病患者进行研究。按照随机数字表法分为观察组、对照组,各40例。对照组给予常规干预,观察组采用基于PG-SGA的个体化营养干预及膳食指导,均持续干预3个月。比较两组干预前后健康饮食行为评分、空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2 h血糖(2hPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)及患者对饮食行为的依从性。结果干预后,两组健康饮食行为评分低于干预前,且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,两组FBG、2hPG、HbA1c低于干预前,且观察组FBG、2hPG、HbA1c低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组饮食行为总依从率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于PG-SGA的个体化营养干预及膳食指导在初发2型糖尿病患者中的干预效果明显,值得临床推广。

老年血液透析病人营养状况以及主观综合营养评估法与透析营养客观评分法评估效果比较

目的探讨老年血液透析病人的营养水平,并比较主观综合营养评估法(SGA)与透析营养客观评分法(OSND)评估老年血液透析病人营养状况的效果。方法选取120例老年血液透析病人作为观察组,另选取120例健康体检老年人作为对照组,检测并比较2组病人的营养成分相关指标与血生化指标。分别采用SGA和OSND评估老年血液透析病人的营养水平,并分析SGA和OSND与营养成分相关指标及血生化指标的相关性。结果观察组病人的hs-CRP水平高于对照组(P<0.01),体脂肪、体脂率、蛋白质、Hb、BUN、HDL-C、白蛋白(Alb)、TC、TG水平均低于对照组(P<0.01)。老年血液透析病人根据SGA评价标准:营养状态良好者3例(2.50%),营养不良者117例(97.50%);根据OSND标准:营养正常者5例(4.17%),营养不良者115例(95.83%),2种方法营养评估结果差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。相关分析显示,在老年血液透析病人中,SGA与体脂率、蛋白质、HDL-C、Alb、TC、LDL-C呈负相关(P<0.05);OSND与体脂肪、体脂率、HDL-C、Alb、TC、LDL-C、TG、Hb、BUN呈负相关(P<0.05),与蛋白质、hs-CRP呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论SGA、OSND都适用于老年血液透析病人的营养评价,老年血液透析病人营养水平较差,需要及早进行干预。

维持性血液透析患者营养状况评估方法的比较

目的比较研究主观整体营养评估(SGA)、改良定量的SGA(MQSGA)和营养不良-炎症评分(MIS)3种营养评估方法在维持性血液透析(MHD)患者营养评估中的作用。方法选择MHD患者62例,分别应用SGA、MQSGA和MIS进行营养评估,同时测定人体测量学指标及各种生化指标。分别将SGA、MQSGA和MIS评分值与各种客观营养指标进行Pearson相关及多元线性回归分析。结果 SGA分别与年龄、TSF、MAC、MAMC、BUN、SCr、Alb、PA等指标相关(P<0.05),MQSGA分别与年龄、TSF、MAC、MAMC、BUN、SCr、Alb、PA、Hb、nPCR等指标相关(P<0.05),而MIS与年龄、TSF、MAC、MAMC、BUN、SCr、Alb、PA、Hb、TIBC、hs-CRP、nPCR等指标相关(P<0.05)。进一步多元回归显示,SGA、MQSGA、MIS 3种评估方法与营养指标呈明显相关(P<0.05),以MIS与其相关性最为密切,复相关系数最大(r=0.763),其次为MQSGA(r=0.713),SGA相关性最小(r=0.704)。结论与SGA、MQSGA 2种营养评估方法相比,MIS作为一种定量营养评估方法,更能准确地评估MHD患者的营养状态。

不同营养评估方法对腹膜透析患者营养状态的评估及住院风险的预测价值

目的 比较应用血清白蛋白、改良SGA法（MQSGA）和MIS评分预测腹膜透析（PD）患者住院风险的差异.方法 横断面及回顾性研究.选择符合纳入标准的57例病情稳定的腹膜透析患者,对其进行改良SGA和MIS评分,以及血清白蛋白等各项临床指标检测,记录患者1年内住院情况,分析不同评估方法对患者营养状态的判定及其与住院风险相关性的差异. 结果 ①3种营养评估方法对腹膜透析患者诊断营养不良的发生率由低到高分别为：血清白蛋白（57.9％）;MQSGA评分（70.2％）;MIS评分（100％）.②3种营养评估方法之间的相关性显著（P＜0.01）;MQSGA和MIS评分与住院频次和各项临床营养指标的相关性显著（P＜0.01）.③以PEW为标准,血清ALB、MQSGA和MIS评分对营养不良诊断的ROC曲线下面积分别为0.028、0.966、0.961.④住院组患者的血清白蛋白、前白蛋白水平低于非住院组（P＜0.05）,住院组患者的Hs-CRP水平以及MQSGA和MIS评分均显著高于非住院组（P=0.000）.⑤非条件Lo-gistic多元回归分析显示MQSGA与腹膜透析患者住院的相对危险度最高[RR=2.559,95％ CI （1.498～4.372）,P=0.001].结论 MIS评分诊断腹膜透析患者营养不良的发生率最高,MQSGA与MIS评分具有相似的营养评估效果,MQSGA与MIS评分都具有预测腹膜透析患者住院风险的价值,MQSGA对住院风险的预测价值相对更高.

不同营养评估方法与维持性血液透析患者死亡关系的比较

目的本研究的目的是研究不同的营养评估方法与维持性血液透析患者的预后的关系。方法对我院血液透析中心的83名患者进行营养评估,包括主观综合性营养评估(subjective global assessment,SGA)、营养不良-炎症评分(malnutrition inflammation score,MIS)和微型营养评定简表(mini nutrition assessment short form,MNA-SF)。同时收集基本资料、辅助检查结果。随访48月(40±13月),采用Kaplan-Meier以及Cox回归分析比较不同营养评估方法与患者全因死亡风险的差别。结果 Kaplan-Meier分析提示:SGA<25分患者的死亡风险较SGA≥25分患者高(P<0.05),MIS>10分组比MIS≤10分死亡风险高(P>0.05)。以MNA-SF分组,MNA-SF≥11分死亡风险低于NA-SF<11分(P>0.05)。多因素Cox回归分析提示,SGA及MIS不同分组仍然与维持性血液透析患者不同的全因死亡风险有关(P<0.05)。结论不同营养评估方法对于维持性血液透析患者长期生存的预测能力不同,SGA法以及MIS法所评价的营养状况与维持性血液透析患者长期的全因死亡风险有较好相关性。

营养不良-炎症评分评估和判断维持性腹膜透析患者的营养不良-微炎症状态

目的探讨营养不良-炎症评分(malnutrition inflammation score,MIS)对维持性腹膜透析(peritoneal dialysis,PD)患者营养不良-微炎症状态的临床评价和判断。方法对上海解放军第四五五医院腹膜透析中心行维持性PD的患者的营养不良-炎症状态进行改良定量主观整体评估(modified quantitativesubjective global assessment,MQSGA)和MIS,同时检测PD患者人体测量指标、生化指标和微炎症指标,并分析MIS对营养不良-炎症状态的评价效能及与各项指标的相关性。结果符合纳入标准的PD患者共98例。按照MQSGA标准,营养不良者96例,占97.96%,其中轻度64例,占65.31%,中度27例,占27.55%,重度5例,占7.10%。按照MIS标准,98例PD患者全部为营养不良,占100%,其中轻度52例,占53.06%,中度39例,占39.80%,重度7例,占7.14%。MIS分值越高,患者年龄越大,营养状况越差,微炎症状态越严重。MIS与PD患者贫血指标、营养指标和人体测量指标显著负相关,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与微炎症指标显著正相关,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),MIS与各指标的相关系数高于MQSGA。结论 MIS可准确评估和判断腹膜透析患者营养不良-微炎症状态,随着MIS分值的增加,患者的营养不良-炎症状态亦愈加严重,且高龄患者具有较高的MIS分值。

维持性血液透析患者营养不良-炎症评分与主观综合评估的对比

目的:比较主观综合性营养评估法(SGA)与营养不良-炎症评分(MIS)在维持性血液透析患者(MHD)营养状况和预后评价中的作用。方法:72例维持性血液透析患者分别于纳入观察时及纳入后6个月进行SAG评估和MIS评估,观察SGA评价为不同营养级别患者MIS的分布和均值,评价SGA与MIS的相关性。结果:共评估144例次,SGA评价为A级的33例次,MIS(7.38±1.66),其中0～10分27例次(81.82%),11～21分6例次(18.18%);SGA评价为B级的89例次,MIS(10.96±2.25),其中0～10分32例次(35.96%),11～20分57例次(64.04%);SGA评价为C级的22例次,MIS 16.24±2.23,其中11～20分20例次(90.91%),MIS 21～30分2例次(9.09%)。SGA分级与MIS显著相关(spearman直线相关检验,r=0.714,P<0.01)。结论:SGA评估与MIS虽有相关性,但SGA不同分级的MIS分布存在重叠,因此评估结果难以完全对应。MIS建立了一个的相对完善的评估测量工具,因而在评价维持性血液透析病人营养状况和预后方面值得推广。

基于自评—主观全面评定量表的营养干预对胃癌术后患者能量摄入量和营养改善的效果分析

目的探讨基于自评—主观全面评定量表(PG-SGA)的营养干预对胃癌术后患者能量摄入量和营养改善的效果分析。方法选取2017年1月至2018年10月我院收治的80例胃癌术后患者为研究对象,随机将其等分为研究组和对照组。对照组给予常规护理,研究组在对照组的基础上实施基于自评—主观全面评定量表的营养干预,比较两组患者术后不同阶段的能量摄入量和营养状况改善情况。结果研究组术后不同阶段的能量摄入量高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);各项营养指标情况优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于自评—主观全面评定量表的营养干预应用于胃癌术后患者的护理中,可提高术后不同阶段的能量摄入量,改善营养状况,具有临床研究价值。

主观全面营养评估量表在脑性瘫痪住院患儿中的临床有效性验证

目的了解脑性瘫痪(简称脑瘫)患儿的营养状况,验证主观全面营养评估(SGNA)量表在脑瘫住院患儿营养评估中的临床有效性。方法选取2019年4~10月住院的1~5岁脑瘫患儿208例为研究对象,回顾性收集其SGNA量表评估结果,并以世界卫生组织推荐的Z评分法作为参照标准,验证SGNA量表评估脑瘫患儿营养状况的临床有效性。结果SGNA量表和Z评分法对脑瘫患儿的营养不良检出率分别为42.3%、39.4%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。SGNA量表的应用在不同评估者间呈高度一致性(κ=0.621,P<0.001)。以Z评分法作为参照标准,SGNA量表的灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为80.5%、82.5%、75.0%、86.7%,两种评估方法呈高度一致性(κ=0.622,P<0.001)。SGNA量表与年龄别体重Z评分、年龄别身高Z评分均呈中度一致性(分别κ=0.495、0.478,P<0.001),与身高别体重Z评分一致性低(κ=0.197,P<0.05)。结论脑瘫患儿营养不良发生率较高;SGNA量表可以作为评估脑瘫患儿营养状况的工具。[中国当代儿科杂志,2020,22(11):1188-1192]

口服双歧杆菌三联活菌胶囊治疗血液透析患者蛋白质能量消耗的效果观察

目的探讨双歧杆菌三联活菌胶囊对维持性血液透析患者蛋白质能量消耗(PEW)的影响。方法选取2018年5—8月在我院肾内科接受治疗的维持性血液透析(HD)且符合PEW诊断的患者85例,随机分为治疗组(n=43)和对照组(n=42)。对照组给予基础治疗,包括规律透析治疗、调节钙磷代谢、纠正贫血、降血压、控制血糖等,治疗组在常规治疗基础上服用双歧杆菌三联活菌胶囊。观察两组治疗前后三角肌皮褶厚度(TSF)、中臂围(MAC)、中臂肌围(MAMC)、体重指数(BMI)等体表测量参数,改良定量主观整体营养评估(MQSGA)评分,血红蛋白(Hb)、前白蛋白(PA)、血清白蛋白(ALB)、总铁结合力(TIBC)、胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、血肌酐等实验室指标的变化,并比较两组疗效。结果治疗3个月后,治疗组治疗后MAMC、BMI、PA、TC、TIBC、MAC、TSF高于治疗前,MQSGA评分低于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照组治疗后PA、TIBC、TSF低于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后治疗组MQSGA评分低于对照组,BMI、TIBC、TC、MAC、TSF、MAMC高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组ALB、HB、TG、血肌酐指标比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗组治疗总有效率为76.74%,高于对照组的38.10%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论口服双歧杆菌三联活菌胶囊能够改善HD患者营养评分及体表测量指标,对PEW治疗有效。

三种方法对血液透析患者营养评估及影响因素比较分析

目的:对维持性血液透析(MHD)患者进行蛋白质能量消耗(PEW)评估并分析比较,为临床诊疗提供依据。方法:横断面及回顾性研究。运用透析营养客观评分(OSND)、改良定量主观整体评估法(MQSGA)、人体成分分析(BCM)结合问卷调查、人体测量、生化指标对MHD患者进行营养评估及行相关性分析、自身影响因素分析。结果:348例MHD患者OSND、MQSGA、BCM评估营养不良发生率分别为79. 3%、67. 2%、42. 2%,男、女患者多项营养指标差异存在统计学意义(P <0. 05);三种方法相关性显著的营养指标及自身影响因素各有异同,MAC是共同的影响因子,评估PEW及炎症效能由高到低分别是OSND、MQSGA、BCM。结论:MHD患者普遍存在PEW,男、女性患者营养存在差异; OSND是评估PEW的敏感工具,OSND、MQSGA联合BCM,能更全面评估MHD患者营养状况,为临床工作提供准确的依据。

Extension Protocol for the Investigation on Nutrition Status and Clinical Outcome of Patients with Common Cancers in China(INSCOC)Study:2021 update

Background Malnutrition is common in patients with cancer,and this adversely affects the survival and quality of life of patients.Chinese Society for Nutritional Oncology issued a multi-center,large-scale,long-term follow-up prospective study,the Investigation on Nutrition Status and Clinical Outcome of Patients with Common Cancers in China(INSCOC study)since 2013.This is an extension to the previous 2013-2020 study protocol.This study still sought to:①address the prognostic impact of nutritional factors and quality of life on cancer patient survival;②describe the overall and cancer-specific incidence and/or distribution of malnutrition and different measurements of patient quality of life.Methods and study design This is an observational,multi-centered,hospital-based prospective cohort study.Data collection will be performed at baseline(within 48 hours after patient admission),during the hospital stay and 30 days after hospital admission.Follow-up will be conducted for 1-20 years after enrollment.The primary outcome will be the all-cause mortality/overall survival,and secondary outcomes will be the length of hospital stay and costs of hospitalization.Study factors will include demographic characteristics,tumor characteristics,information about chronic diseases,hematological measurements(e.g.,red blood cell count,total lymphocyte counts,hemoglobin,albumin,prealbumin,creatinine,C-reactive protein,IL-6),anthropometric measurements(e.g.,height,weight,arm circumference,arm muscle circumference,triceps skinfold thickness,and waist circumference),body composition parameters,PG-SGA scores,quality of life(as indicated by the QLQ-C30 questionnaire),muscle mass(as indicated by the calf circumference),muscle strength(as indicated by the handgrip strength),muscle function(as indicated by the six-meter walking speed test)and physical status assessments(as indicated by the Karnofsky Performance Status scores).This clinical study protocol was approved by local Ethics Committees of all the participating hospitals.Written informed consent is required for each subject included.Discussion This multi-center,large-scale,long-term follow up prospective study will help improve the diagnosis of malnutrition in cancer patients and identify the risk factors associated with adverse clinical outcomes.The anticipated results of this study will highlight the need for a truly scientific appraisal of nutrition therapy in Chinese oncology populations,and finally help treat the potentially reversible elements of malnutrition in cancer patients to improve their clinical outcomes in the future.