Development of Three Multiplex PCR Primer Sets for Ark Shell(Scapharca broughtonii)and Their Validation in Parentage Assignment

Scapharca broughtonii is a commercially important and over-exploited species.In order to investigate its genetic diversity and population structure,43 novel polymorphic microsatellites were isolated and characterized.The number of alleles per locus ranged from 3 to 22 with an average of 6.93,and the observed and expected heterozygosities varied between 0.233 and 1.000,and 0.250 and 0.953,with an average of 0.614 and 0.707,respectively.Three highly informative multiplex PCRs were developed from nine of those microsatellites for S.broughtonii.We evaluated and validated these multiplex PCRs in 8 full-sib families.The average polymorphism information content(PIC) was 0.539.The frequency of null alleles was estimated as 3.13% of all the alleles segregation based on a within-family analysis of Mendelian segregation patterns.Parentage analysis of real offspring demonstrated that 100% of all offspring were unambiguously allocated to a pair of parents based on 3 multiplex sets.Those 43 microsatellite loci with high variability will be helpful for the analysis of population genetics and conservation of wild stock of S.broughtonii.The 3 sets of multiplex PCRs could be an important tool of pedigree reconstruction,population genetic analysis and brood stock management.

魁蚶过氧化氢酶基因克隆及表达分析

采用RT-PCR和c DNA末端快速扩增技术（rapid amplification of c DNA ends,RACE）克隆出魁蚶过氧化氢酶（Sb CAT）基因c DNA全长序列,该基因全长为2181 bp,包括1431 bp的开放阅读框（open reading frame,ORF）,96 bp的5＇端非翻译区（UTR）和654 bp的3＇-UTR。其中ORF编码477个氨基酸,预测分子量为54 ku,理论等电点为8.03。Sb CAT氨基酸序列与其他所选动物的氨基酸序列具有较高的相似性,其相似度为68%～96%,Sb CAT氨基酸具有CAT基因家族的特征性序列,包括CAT活性位点,1个亚铁血红素结合位点及3个催化位点残基。此外,Sb CAT还具有保守的亚铁血红素结合口袋与还原型辅酶Ⅱ（NADPH）结合位点。采用实时荧光定量PCR（q RT-PCR）检测了Sb CAT的组织表达特征。结果显示,Sb CAT m RNA在所检测的6种组织中均有表达,在外套膜中表达量较高,在肝胰腺和红细胞中表达量较低。经鳗弧菌和金黄色葡萄球菌刺激后,鳗弧菌刺激组的外套膜表达量一直较低,其他组织均表现出先上升再下降的趋势。研究表明,Sb CAT可能在魁蚶免疫防御中发挥重要作用。