The selective toxicity of the mitochondria-specific cationic fluorescent dye rhodamine 123 (Rh-123) on He La cells in culture was studied. In this report, we demonstrate that with continuous exposure, Rh-123 markedly ...The selective toxicity of the mitochondria-specific cationic fluorescent dye rhodamine 123 (Rh-123) on He La cells in culture was studied. In this report, we demonstrate that with continuous exposure, Rh-123 markedly inhibited the growth of HeLa cells but had little effect on normal human kidney fibroblasts. With continuous exposure to Rh-123, the growth rate, colony forming ability, anl mitotic index of HeLa cells were decreased. The mechanism of toxicity of Rh-123 on HeLa cells was investigated by EM and enzyme cytochemistry stain. The mitochondria of carcinoma cells were the main targets for the inhibitory action of Rh-123, since they selectively accumulated the dye. At the dosage of Rh-123 which was toxic to HeLa cells, the structure and function of mitochondria were disrupted, as the mitochondria-related enzymes, i.e., ATPase, LDH and SDH were inhibited. The possible mechanism of the action of Rh-123 on HeLa cells is briefly discussed.展开更多
Fungi and bacteria afflict humans with innumerous pathogen-related infections and ailments.Most of the commonly employed microbicidal agents target commensal and pathogenic microorganisms without discrimination.To dis...Fungi and bacteria afflict humans with innumerous pathogen-related infections and ailments.Most of the commonly employed microbicidal agents target commensal and pathogenic microorganisms without discrimination.To distinguish and fight the pathogenic species out of the microflora,novel antimicrobials have been developed that selectively target specific bacteria and fungi.The cell wall features and antimicrobial mechanisms that these microorganisms involved in are highlighted in the present review.This is followed by reviewing the design of antimicrobials that selectively combat a specific community of microbes including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains as well as fungi.Finally,recent advances in the antimicrobial immunomodulation strategy that enables treating microorganism infections with high specificity are reviewed.These basic tenets will enable the avid reader to design novel approaches and compounds for antibacterial and antifungal applications.展开更多
文摘The selective toxicity of the mitochondria-specific cationic fluorescent dye rhodamine 123 (Rh-123) on He La cells in culture was studied. In this report, we demonstrate that with continuous exposure, Rh-123 markedly inhibited the growth of HeLa cells but had little effect on normal human kidney fibroblasts. With continuous exposure to Rh-123, the growth rate, colony forming ability, anl mitotic index of HeLa cells were decreased. The mechanism of toxicity of Rh-123 on HeLa cells was investigated by EM and enzyme cytochemistry stain. The mitochondria of carcinoma cells were the main targets for the inhibitory action of Rh-123, since they selectively accumulated the dye. At the dosage of Rh-123 which was toxic to HeLa cells, the structure and function of mitochondria were disrupted, as the mitochondria-related enzymes, i.e., ATPase, LDH and SDH were inhibited. The possible mechanism of the action of Rh-123 on HeLa cells is briefly discussed.
文摘Fungi and bacteria afflict humans with innumerous pathogen-related infections and ailments.Most of the commonly employed microbicidal agents target commensal and pathogenic microorganisms without discrimination.To distinguish and fight the pathogenic species out of the microflora,novel antimicrobials have been developed that selectively target specific bacteria and fungi.The cell wall features and antimicrobial mechanisms that these microorganisms involved in are highlighted in the present review.This is followed by reviewing the design of antimicrobials that selectively combat a specific community of microbes including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains as well as fungi.Finally,recent advances in the antimicrobial immunomodulation strategy that enables treating microorganism infections with high specificity are reviewed.These basic tenets will enable the avid reader to design novel approaches and compounds for antibacterial and antifungal applications.
