Objective: TO assess the effects of zinc supplementation to Chinese rural pregnant with cereal-based diet and their pregnancy outcome. Methods A total of 156 women were given randomly in double blind 5mg/d (group A, G...Objective: TO assess the effects of zinc supplementation to Chinese rural pregnant with cereal-based diet and their pregnancy outcome. Methods A total of 156 women were given randomly in double blind 5mg/d (group A, GPA, n=37),10mg/d (group B, GPB, n=40), 30mg (group C, GpC, n = 39) Of zinc supplement or placebo (group D, GpD, n = 40 ) starting from, the first visit at the prenatal clinic (average 9-week gestation ) till the delivery. Results Mean dietary zinc intake of these women was about 10mg/d, and more than 65% of dietary zinc were taken from cereals, grains and vegetables. Serum zinc concentrations at 25-and 32-gestation in GpC and in the umbilical cord blood of their babies at birth significantly increased. Infants in GpC had a significantly heavier birth weight (283. 079, P = 0. 016 ) and larger head circumference(0. 63cm, P = 0. 035) than infants in GpD. The incidence of low birth weight, preterm and intrauterine growth retardation infants was significantly reduced in GpC. As compared to GpD (38. 34 ± 1. 34 weeks), the duration of gestation in GpD(39. 12± 1. 11 weeks) was prolonged (P= 0. 032). Serum zinc concentration at 25-weeks gestation was negatively correlated with duration of gestation (P = 0. 009 ). Apgar score of the infants in GpC was significantly higher than that in GpD, and serum zinc concentration at 32-weeks gestation was positively associated with infant Apgar score (P = 0. 015 ). Conclusion Zinc supplementation in 30mg/d to Chinese rural women during pregnancy could significantly improve their pregnancy outcome. Both 5mg/d and 10mg/d of zinc supplementation had no detected benefits to them.展开更多
A 33-year-old primigravida presented to an appointment at a high-risk prenatal outpatient service due to a history of splenomegaly. Her spleen occupied of the abdominal cavity and shifted the uterus to the right side ...A 33-year-old primigravida presented to an appointment at a high-risk prenatal outpatient service due to a history of splenomegaly. Her spleen occupied of the abdominal cavity and shifted the uterus to the right side of the abdomen. During investigation, an intrauterine growth restriction (IURG) and a series of other clinical complications were discovered. We admitted her to inpatient care at 28 + 1 weeks’ gestation for a better investigation of her extensive splenomegaly and for pregnancy monitoring, with a further successful delivery.展开更多
Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder that affects up to 6.8% of reproductive age women.Experimental research and clinical observations suggest that PCOS may originate in the very early stages...Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder that affects up to 6.8% of reproductive age women.Experimental research and clinical observations suggest that PCOS may originate in the very early stages of development,possibly even during intrauterine life.This suggests that PCOS is either genetically-transmittedor is due to epigenetic alterations that develop in the intrauterine microenvironment.Although familial cases support the role of genetic factors,no specific genetic pattern has been defined in PCOS.Several candidate genes have been implicated in its pathogenesis,but none can specifically be implicated in PCOS development.Hypotheses based on the impact of the intrauterine environment on PCOS development can be grouped into two categories.The first is the "thrifty" phenotype hypothesis,which states that intrauterine nutritional restriction in fetuses causes decreased insulin secretion and,as a compensatory mechanism,insulin resistance.Additionally,an impaired nutritional environment can affect the methylation of some specific genes,which can also trigger PCOS.The second hypothesis postulates that fetal exposure to excess androgen can induce changes in differentiating tissues,causing the PCOS phenotype to develop in adult life.This review aimed to examine the role of fetal programming in development of PCOS.展开更多
Background:Impaired reproductive performance is the largest contributing factor for the removal of boars from commercial systems.Intrauterine growth restricted piglets represent 25%of the total number of piglets born ...Background:Impaired reproductive performance is the largest contributing factor for the removal of boars from commercial systems.Intrauterine growth restricted piglets represent 25%of the total number of piglets born and have impaired reproductive performance.This study aimed to improve the understanding of temporal changes in testicular gene expression during testes development in fetuses of different size.The lightest and closest to mean litter weight(CTMLW)male Large White×Landrace littermates were collected at gestational days(GD)45,60 and 90(n=5-6 litters/GD).Results:Testes weight and testes weight as a percentage of fetal weight were not associated with fetal size at GD60 or 90.Fetal plasma testosterone was not associated with fetal size at GD90.There was no association between fetal size and seminiferous tubule area and number,number of germ or Sertoli cells per tubule.The lightest fetuses tended to have wider seminiferous tubules compared to the CTMLW fetuses at GD90(P=0.077).The testicular expression of KI67(P≤0.01)and BAX:BCL2 ratio(P=0.058)mRNAs decreased as gestation progressed.Greater SPP1 mRNA expression was observed at GD60 when compared with GD45 and 90(P≤0.05).Lower expression of DMRT1 and SPP1(P<0.01)mRNAs was observed in testes associated with the lightest fetuses compared to the CTMLW fetuses at GD90.Conclusions:These findings provide novel insights into the expression profiles of genes associated with testicular development and function.Further,these data suggest that programming of reproductive potential in IUGR boars occurs late in gestation,providing a platform for further mechanistic investigation.展开更多
目的：探讨再发子痫前期发病相关危险因素，观察再发子痫前期发病特征及远期母子预后。方法：选择2009年1月至2013年12月在浙江大学医学院附属妇产科医院住院分娩的有子痫前期史孕妇153人，其中可获得完整病史资料及随访资料者共115人...目的：探讨再发子痫前期发病相关危险因素，观察再发子痫前期发病特征及远期母子预后。方法：选择2009年1月至2013年12月在浙江大学医学院附属妇产科医院住院分娩的有子痫前期史孕妇153人，其中可获得完整病史资料及随访资料者共115人，将其按是否再发子痫前期分为再发组和非再发组，分析病史、再发子痫前期病情和母子随访资料。结果：115例有子痫前期病史的孕妇再次妊娠时再发子痫前期82例（71．3％），发病年龄、妊娠间隔时间、是否正规产检、孕期体质量增加、体质量指数（ BMI）、高脂血症、胎儿生长受限、母系家族史与子痫前期再发密切相关（均P ＜0．05）。 Logistic回归分析结果提示：妊娠间隔时间（ OR＝1．349，P＝0．004）、BMI （ OR ＝1．249， P ＝0．004）、胎儿生长受限（ OR ＝9．642，P＝0．009）是预测子痫前期复发的主要危险因素。与第一次妊娠时子痫前期比较，再发子痫前期孕妇发病孕周、妊娠终止孕周更早，血压更高，尿蛋白达＋＋及以上例数增加，并发症发生例数增加（均P＜0．05）；再发子痫前期子代早产（特别是小于34周的早产）发生例数增加，新生儿出生体质量更低（均P＜0．05）。随访结果，孕妇产后发生远期高血压病例数再发组（47．5％）多于非再发组（23．3％， P＜0．05）；初次妊娠获得子代发生体质量过大例数再发组（31．25％）多于非再发组（6．70％，P＜0．05）。结论：发病年龄、妊娠间隔时间、是否正规产检、孕期体质量增加、BMI、高脂血症、胎儿生长受限和母系家族史与子痫前期再发有密切相关，妊娠间隔时间、BMI和胎儿生长受限是预测子痫前期复发的主要危险因素，再发子痫前期具有更严重的临床结局，母子近期和远期并发症高，需重视预防。展开更多
文摘Objective: TO assess the effects of zinc supplementation to Chinese rural pregnant with cereal-based diet and their pregnancy outcome. Methods A total of 156 women were given randomly in double blind 5mg/d (group A, GPA, n=37),10mg/d (group B, GPB, n=40), 30mg (group C, GpC, n = 39) Of zinc supplement or placebo (group D, GpD, n = 40 ) starting from, the first visit at the prenatal clinic (average 9-week gestation ) till the delivery. Results Mean dietary zinc intake of these women was about 10mg/d, and more than 65% of dietary zinc were taken from cereals, grains and vegetables. Serum zinc concentrations at 25-and 32-gestation in GpC and in the umbilical cord blood of their babies at birth significantly increased. Infants in GpC had a significantly heavier birth weight (283. 079, P = 0. 016 ) and larger head circumference(0. 63cm, P = 0. 035) than infants in GpD. The incidence of low birth weight, preterm and intrauterine growth retardation infants was significantly reduced in GpC. As compared to GpD (38. 34 ± 1. 34 weeks), the duration of gestation in GpD(39. 12± 1. 11 weeks) was prolonged (P= 0. 032). Serum zinc concentration at 25-weeks gestation was negatively correlated with duration of gestation (P = 0. 009 ). Apgar score of the infants in GpC was significantly higher than that in GpD, and serum zinc concentration at 32-weeks gestation was positively associated with infant Apgar score (P = 0. 015 ). Conclusion Zinc supplementation in 30mg/d to Chinese rural women during pregnancy could significantly improve their pregnancy outcome. Both 5mg/d and 10mg/d of zinc supplementation had no detected benefits to them.
文摘A 33-year-old primigravida presented to an appointment at a high-risk prenatal outpatient service due to a history of splenomegaly. Her spleen occupied of the abdominal cavity and shifted the uterus to the right side of the abdomen. During investigation, an intrauterine growth restriction (IURG) and a series of other clinical complications were discovered. We admitted her to inpatient care at 28 + 1 weeks’ gestation for a better investigation of her extensive splenomegaly and for pregnancy monitoring, with a further successful delivery.
文摘Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder that affects up to 6.8% of reproductive age women.Experimental research and clinical observations suggest that PCOS may originate in the very early stages of development,possibly even during intrauterine life.This suggests that PCOS is either genetically-transmittedor is due to epigenetic alterations that develop in the intrauterine microenvironment.Although familial cases support the role of genetic factors,no specific genetic pattern has been defined in PCOS.Several candidate genes have been implicated in its pathogenesis,but none can specifically be implicated in PCOS development.Hypotheses based on the impact of the intrauterine environment on PCOS development can be grouped into two categories.The first is the "thrifty" phenotype hypothesis,which states that intrauterine nutritional restriction in fetuses causes decreased insulin secretion and,as a compensatory mechanism,insulin resistance.Additionally,an impaired nutritional environment can affect the methylation of some specific genes,which can also trigger PCOS.The second hypothesis postulates that fetal exposure to excess androgen can induce changes in differentiating tissues,causing the PCOS phenotype to develop in adult life.This review aimed to examine the role of fetal programming in development of PCOS.
基金The Roslin Institute receives Institute Strategic Grant funding from the BBSRC(BB/J004316/1)a studentship from the University of Edinburghfunded by the National Agency for Research and Development (ANID)/Scholarship Program/DOCTORADO BECAS CHILE/2016-72170349.
文摘Background:Impaired reproductive performance is the largest contributing factor for the removal of boars from commercial systems.Intrauterine growth restricted piglets represent 25%of the total number of piglets born and have impaired reproductive performance.This study aimed to improve the understanding of temporal changes in testicular gene expression during testes development in fetuses of different size.The lightest and closest to mean litter weight(CTMLW)male Large White×Landrace littermates were collected at gestational days(GD)45,60 and 90(n=5-6 litters/GD).Results:Testes weight and testes weight as a percentage of fetal weight were not associated with fetal size at GD60 or 90.Fetal plasma testosterone was not associated with fetal size at GD90.There was no association between fetal size and seminiferous tubule area and number,number of germ or Sertoli cells per tubule.The lightest fetuses tended to have wider seminiferous tubules compared to the CTMLW fetuses at GD90(P=0.077).The testicular expression of KI67(P≤0.01)and BAX:BCL2 ratio(P=0.058)mRNAs decreased as gestation progressed.Greater SPP1 mRNA expression was observed at GD60 when compared with GD45 and 90(P≤0.05).Lower expression of DMRT1 and SPP1(P<0.01)mRNAs was observed in testes associated with the lightest fetuses compared to the CTMLW fetuses at GD90.Conclusions:These findings provide novel insights into the expression profiles of genes associated with testicular development and function.Further,these data suggest that programming of reproductive potential in IUGR boars occurs late in gestation,providing a platform for further mechanistic investigation.
文摘目的：探讨再发子痫前期发病相关危险因素，观察再发子痫前期发病特征及远期母子预后。方法：选择2009年1月至2013年12月在浙江大学医学院附属妇产科医院住院分娩的有子痫前期史孕妇153人，其中可获得完整病史资料及随访资料者共115人，将其按是否再发子痫前期分为再发组和非再发组，分析病史、再发子痫前期病情和母子随访资料。结果：115例有子痫前期病史的孕妇再次妊娠时再发子痫前期82例（71．3％），发病年龄、妊娠间隔时间、是否正规产检、孕期体质量增加、体质量指数（ BMI）、高脂血症、胎儿生长受限、母系家族史与子痫前期再发密切相关（均P ＜0．05）。 Logistic回归分析结果提示：妊娠间隔时间（ OR＝1．349，P＝0．004）、BMI （ OR ＝1．249， P ＝0．004）、胎儿生长受限（ OR ＝9．642，P＝0．009）是预测子痫前期复发的主要危险因素。与第一次妊娠时子痫前期比较，再发子痫前期孕妇发病孕周、妊娠终止孕周更早，血压更高，尿蛋白达＋＋及以上例数增加，并发症发生例数增加（均P＜0．05）；再发子痫前期子代早产（特别是小于34周的早产）发生例数增加，新生儿出生体质量更低（均P＜0．05）。随访结果，孕妇产后发生远期高血压病例数再发组（47．5％）多于非再发组（23．3％， P＜0．05）；初次妊娠获得子代发生体质量过大例数再发组（31．25％）多于非再发组（6．70％，P＜0．05）。结论：发病年龄、妊娠间隔时间、是否正规产检、孕期体质量增加、BMI、高脂血症、胎儿生长受限和母系家族史与子痫前期再发有密切相关，妊娠间隔时间、BMI和胎儿生长受限是预测子痫前期复发的主要危险因素，再发子痫前期具有更严重的临床结局，母子近期和远期并发症高，需重视预防。
