The Beneficial Effects of Components of Garlic (Allium sativum L.) in the Poultry Industry

Plant-based antimicrobial agents are readily available, cost-effective, and exhibit low toxicity, making them promising alternatives in combatting microbial infections. Among these plants, garlic (Allium sativum) stands out for its traditional medicinal use in effectively combating various microorganisms. In the poultry industry, preventing avian virus and bacterial infections is paramount for chicken husbandry. However, using conventional drugs poses potential risks to human health. Garlic, a widely used Asian plant in traditional medicine for various pathologies, has shown potential as an herbal prophylactic remedy against viral and bacterial infections. Recently, researchers explored garlic and its derivatives as a scientific strategy in veterinary practices for diverse purposes, such as improving poultry production characteristics and acting as antibiotic growth promoters. This comprehensive review delves into garlic and its derivatives as preventive and corrective treatments for viral diseases in laying hens and broilers. The paper highlights their potential effectiveness and safety as a natural means to enhance poultry health and welfare while mitigating the risks associated with conventional drug usage in the food industry.

Black Garlic as an Antiviral for Herpes Simplex Virus-2 in Lung Cells

Allicin, an antioxidant, is known for providing garlic with its unique fragrance and taste, as well as for its antimicrobial properties. Black garlic, a fermented form of garlic, contains higher levels of antioxidants than fresh garlic. Antioxidants play a vital role in alleviating cellular stress during viral infections. Viral infections result in oxidative stress through the production of reactive oxidative species (ROS). A prolonged state of oxidative stress can result in cell death, DNA damage, and disease progression. In this study, black garlic extract (BGE) is evaluated for its ability to mitigate cytopathic effects and oxidative stress caused by herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2) infections in vitro. Antiviral assays were performed to determine the percent of viral inhibition resulting from treatment with the BGE. ROS-GloTM H2O2 assays were then completed to measure the post-infection ROS levels of BGE-treated virus and cells. The results thus far suggest that BGE may inhibit viral infection and decrease levels of oxidative stress.

Structure, function, action mechanism and application prospect of black garlic peptide

Black garlic is a processed product derived from fresh garlic,retaining the original nutritional components of garlic while enhancing many of its biological activities.Black garlic peptides are a class of bioactive peptides extracted from fermented black garlic,which have gained considerable attention due to their unique health benefits.This article comprehensively discusses the extraction technologies,structural composition,biological functions,and application potential of black garlic peptides in agriculture,medicine,and the food industry.Extraction methods for black garlic peptides include ammonium sulfate precipitation,alkali-soluble acid-precipitation,enhanced hybrid supercritical fluid-assisted atomization(SAA-HCM),and others,which can efficiently separate bioactive peptides from black garlic.Structural and compositional analysis reveals the characteristics of black garlic peptides as small molecule peptides and the mechanisms of action of these peptides within the body.Black garlic peptides demonstrate health benefits such as antioxidation,anti-inflammatory effects,lipid-lowering properties,and immunomodulatory effects,providing scientific support for their applications in the medical field.In terms of application potential,black garlic peptides can be used as natural plant growth regulators and disease control agents in agriculture;in the medical field,their health benefits make them an important resource for developing new health supplements and drugs;in the food industry,black garlic peptides can serve as functional food additives to enhance the nutritional value and health benefits of foods.As a multifunctional bioactive substance,the optimization of extraction methods,in-depth studies of structure and function,and the development of applications in various fields will bring new opportunities for human health and industrial development.Future research should further explore the detailed mechanisms of action of black garlic peptides and their specific effects in different application domains to promote their wider use.

Selenium-enriched and ordinary green tea extracts prevent high blood pressure and alter gut microbiota composition of hypertensive rats caused by high-salt diet

High-salt diet is well recognized as a risk factor for hypertension,and dietary intervention plays a critical role in the prevention of hypertension.The current study investigated the effects of selenium-enriched green tea(Se-GT)and ordinary green tea(GT)on prevention of hypertension of rats induced by high-salt diet,as well as their potential regulatory and mechanism.Our results showed that GT and Se-GT supplementations significantly prevented the increase of blood pressure(BP),activated the phosphoinosmde-3-kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K/Akt)signaling pathway,and regulated the gene expression related to BP,as well as improved the tissue damage like heart,liver,and kidneys.Besides,the key parameters associated with oxidative stress,inflammation and endothelial dysfunction were also altered by GT and Se-GT treatments.Importantly,GT or Se-GT administration adjusted the diversity and composition of the intestinal flora.Moreover,GT and Se-GT supplementations increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria and reduced the abundance of harmful or conditional pathogenic bacteria.More specifically,GT intake specifically and significantly enriched the relative abundance of Paraprevotella and Bacteroides,whereas Se-GT was characterized by specific and significant enrichment for Allobaculum and Bifidobacterium.Our results proved that dietary supplement of GT and Se-GT remarkably improved the vascular functions and effectively prevented tissue damage by regulation of intestinal flora,and thus preventing hypertension induced by high-salt diet.

Research on Strategies for the Development of Selenium-enriched Tea in Ankang City of Shaanxi Province in the Context of Targeted Poverty Alleviation

As an important symbol of agricultural and sideline products in Ankang City,selenium-enriched tea affects the development of regional agricultural and sideline industries.In this paper,the development status and problems of the selenium-enriched tea products of Ankang were analyzed in terms of capital,technology,management and sales mode.This research is of positive significance to the development of selenium-enriched products and other agricultural and sideline products of health value,and plays a very important role in promoting the cultivation of village-level characteristic industries and the effective realization of targeted poverty alleviation.

Study on Extraction Method of Selenium-enriched Rice

[Objectives] The aims were to optimize the extraction process of selenoproteins from selenium-enriched rice in Guangxi and provide references for the intensive processing and comprehensive utilization of selenium protein resources. [Methods]Selenium-enriched rice was used as materials to extract selenoproteins by phosphate buffer extraction method and to optimize the extraction process of selenoproteins by using the orthogonal experiment. Proteins and selenium content was measured by Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 reagent and AFS（ atomic fluorescence spectrometry） respectively. [Results] The most significant factor affecting extraction of rice Selenoproteins was extraction NaO H concentration,followed by the ratio of solid-liquid,temperature and then extraction time. The optimum extraction conditions of selenoproteins from rice were extraction temperature of 50 ℃,NaO H concentration of 0. 14 mol/L,extraction time of 5 h,and solid-liquid ratio of 1∶ 30. [Conclusions]The alkali extraction process optimized by orthogonal test could effectively improve the extraction rate of selenoproteins,and the optimized process parameters could be popularized and applied in practical production.

Analysis of Influencing Factors in Production of Selenium-enriched Eggs

Selenium is an essential trace element for human health.Eating selenium-enriched eggs is conducive to easily and effectively solving the problem of selenium deficiency.In the production process of selenium-enriched eggs,different selenium sources,additive doses,feeding time,and the addition of other vitamins,trace elements,and methionine in the diet will influence the deposition of selenium in eggs.Through this review,it is intended to provide a reference for the practical,safe and economical production of selenium-enriched eggs.

Recommendations for Sustainable Development of Selenium-enriched Functional Agriculture in Guangxi under the New Normal

Taking Scientific Outlook on Development as the guiding principle,this paper introduced the principles of innovation,coordination,green,openness and sharing. Based on gifted advantages of selenium-enriched soil and selenium-enriched industry development in Guangxi,it discussed current practice,stressed green,ecological,characteristic demonstration,transformation and upgrading,and targeted poverty alleviation. Finally,it came up with perspective,practical,and operational strategies and recommendations for development of selenium-enriched industry,to provide reference for sustainable development of selenium-enriched functional industry in Guangxi.

Effect of Soil Selenium on Nutritional Quality of Vegetables in the Selenium-enriched Areas of Qinghai Plateau

In order to improve the added value of the main vegetable products in Qinghai Province,we researched the effect of soil selenium content on vegetable quality in selenium-enriched area of Qinghai. Through the analysis of Qinghai selenium-enriched soil selenium content and5 kinds of main vegetables corresponds to the total selenium,part of the mineral elements and soluble sugar and VC content,the effects of soil selenium levels on selenium absorption and nourishment quality of vegetables were researched. The results showed that he Qinghai selenium-enriched soil selenium content in the range of 100. 00-563. 00 μg/kg,among them,the soil samples with sufficient selenium and rich selenium accounted for 76. 53% and 18. 88%,respectively. Soil selenium content of garlic sampling area was relatively high,and soil selenium content of sugar beet sampling area was relatively low. Vegetable selenium content was in the range of 11. 00-340. 94 μg/kg,the average content of total selenium content of garlic was up to 170. 40 μg/kg,and the average content of the total selenium content of radish is 73. 00 μg/kg.90. 63% of the vegetables in the region reached the level of sufficient selenium,and 70. 31% reached the level of selenium enrichment. The average content of Ca and Mg was higher than the national average. There was no significant correlation between selenium content of soil and vegetable and nutritional quality.

Comparative Analysis of Various Strains of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria on the Physiology of Garlic (Allium sativum)

Garlic is a most important medicinal herb belonging to the family Liliaceae. Both its leaves and bulb are edible. The current study was based on evaluating the growth promoting potential of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on garlic (Allium sativum L.) growth and biochemical contents. Garlic cloves were inoculated with 3 kinds of PGPRs, Pseudomonas putida (KX574857), Pseudomonas stutzeri (Kx574858) and Bacillus cereus (ATCC14579) at 108 cells/mL prior to sowing. Under natural conditions, plants were grown in the net house. The PGPR significantly enhanced % germination, leaf and root growth and their biomass also increased the diameter of bulb and fresh and dry weight. The flavonoids, phenolics, chlorophyll, protein and sugar content were also significantly increased due to PGPR inoculation. The Pseudomonas stutzeri was found most effective for producing longer leaves with moderate sugar, high flavonoids (129%) and phenolics (263%) in bulb over control (Tap). The Pseudomonas putida exhibited a maximum increase in bulb diameter and bulb biomass with maximum phenolics and flavonoid contents.

Transcriptomic Responses of Garlic(Allium sativum L.)to Heat and Drought Stresses

Heat and drought are prominent abiotic stressors that limit crop productivity and yield,particularly concerning climate change;therefore,understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying plant stress responses is crucial for stress-tolerant crop production.This study conducted a transcriptomic analysis to elucidate how garlic(Allium sativum L.)responds to drought and heat stress conditions.Transcriptome libraries were generated to identify differentially expressed genes(DEGs)induced by drought and heat stresses.Functional classification and clustering analysis of DEGs revealed stress-specific gene expression patterns.Notably,cell wall-related genes were implicated in the drought response,whereas heat stress was associated with heat stress transcription factors and heat shock proteins.Our results provide essential information for future studies on stress tolerances in garlic.

GRADE: Deep learning and garlic routing-based secure data sharing framework for IIoT beyond 5G

The rise of automation with Machine-Type Communication(MTC)holds great potential in developing Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT)-based applications such as smart cities,Intelligent Transportation Systems(ITS),supply chains,and smart industries without any human intervention.However,MTC has to cope with significant security challenges due to heterogeneous data,public network connectivity,and inadequate security mechanism.To overcome the aforementioned issues,we have proposed a blockchain and garlic-routing-based secure data exchange framework,i.e.,GRADE,which alleviates the security constraints and maintains the stable connection in MTC.First,the Long-Short-Term Memory(LSTM)-based Nadam optimizer efficiently predicts the class label,i.e.,malicious and non-malicious,and forwards the non-malicious data requests of MTC to the Garlic Routing(GR)network.The GR network assigns a unique ElGamal encrypted session tag to each machine partaking in MTC.Then,an Advanced Encryption Standard(AES)is applied to encrypt the MTC data requests.Further,the InterPlanetary File System(IPFS)-based blockchain is employed to store the machine's session tags,which increases the scalability of the proposed GRADE framework.Additionally,the proposed framework has utilized the indispensable benefits of the 6G network to enhance the network performance of MTC.Lastly,the proposed GRADE framework is evaluated against different performance metrics such as scalability,packet loss,accuracy,and compromised rate of the MTC data request.The results show that the GRADE framework outperforms the baseline methods in terms of accuracy,i.e.,98.9%,compromised rate,i.e.,18.5%,scalability,i.e.,47.2%,and packet loss ratio,i.e.,24.3%.

Effects of Different Levels of Garlic Powder Incorporated in the Feed Enriched with Stylosanthes guianensis on Reproduction and Pre-Weaning Growth Performances of Cavies (Cavia porcellus)

In order to increase the productivity of the local cavies as a meat animal, a study was carried out between November 2021 and March 2022 at the Research and Experimental Farm, Animal Nutrition and Production Research Unit of the Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences (FAAS) and the Microbiology and Anti-Microbial Research Unite of the University of Dschang on 72 cavies aged between 4 and 5 months and weighing an average of 450 ± 50 g produced on the farm, including 60 females and 12 males. The females were distributed according to a completely randomized factorial design in twelve (12) rearing boxes numbered G1 to G12, with 15 females per group distributed in 03 boxes and receiving iso-nitrogenated experimental diet (18% protein) R0 enriched with 20% of Stylosanthes guianensis (0% garlic powder), R0.25 (0.25% garlic powder), R0.50 (0.50% garlic powder) and R0.75 (0.75% garlic powder). Females were identified by numbered ear tags and mated with a sex ratio of 5 females for 1 male. Drinking water enriched with vitamin C (01 tablet of 240 mg in 1.5 liters of water) was served ad libitum and renewed daily. The males were removed after 31 days. A form was established to record the weight of each pregnant female, any abortions during gestation, the date of parturition and the date of birth of each newborn, as well as the number of live-born or stillborn pups. After parturition, the weights of female and newborn cavies were recorded weekly until the 3rd week. The number of cavies that died before weaning and the number of live weaned cavies were also recorded. Reproductive performance significantly increased (p 0.05) fertility rate and net fertility rate, litter size, birth viability rate, and pre-weaning viability rate with rations containing garlic powder, compared to the control ration, especially with the R0.50 ration. In addition, birth mortality and pre-weaning mortality were significantly lower (p 0.05) with rations containing the additive, compared to those of the control ration (R0). However, the R0.50 ration showed the lowest rates, followed by the R0.25 ration, and finally the R0.75 ration. Weight development of young cavies increased with all rations but was more marked with the R0.50 ration. Only total weight gain (TG) and average daily weight gain (ADG) in the pre-weaning phase were significantly increased (p < 0.05) with rations R0.25 and R0.50.

Garlic extract addition for soil improvement at various temperatures using enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation (EICP) method

Enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation (EICP) is an emerging technique to improve the soil and most studies are carried out at room temperature. However, considering some foundations are in high-temperature environments (>40 ℃), the higher urease activity at high temperature results in the solidification inhomogeneity, limiting the application of EICP. The higher urease activity at high temperature hampers the application of EICP because of solidification inhomogeneity. The garlic extract has been used as a type of urease inhibitor in medical science and food engineering. Here, we propose to use it to control urease activity for sand solidification at high temperature. The effects of garlic extract addition on urease activity and precipitation rates for calcium carbonate (CaCO_(3)) were studied. Extra tests were conducted to study the effect of garlic extract addition on the solidification homogeneity. The results showed that the garlic extract addition significantly decreased urease activity. To reduce the rate of CaCO3 precipitation at different temperatures, a suitable concentration of garlic extract was necessary to obtain a suitable urease activity. In the sand solidification test, garlic extract addition resulted in a smaller difference in sonic time values or CaCO_(3) contents at different parts of samples. The improved solidification homogeneity can achieve higher strength. The correlation between sonic time values and CaCO_(3) content was higher than that between CaCO3 content and strength. Appropriate concentrations of garlic extract were obtained at 35 ℃, 40℃, 45 ℃, 50 ℃, and 55 ℃. The proposed garlic extract addition method was significant to improve the homogeneity of solidified soil in practical engineering applications.

多重扰动清种式大蒜单粒取种排种器设计与试验

针对勺链式大蒜播种机取种过程中常出现的漏种、重种问题,设计了一种多重扰动清种式大蒜单粒取种排种器。取种勺在充种阶段获取多粒蒜种,经多重扰动清种,最终取种勺内仅余1粒蒜种。本文以金乡蒜种为研究对象,阐述了排种器的工作原理,确定了排种器的各项参数和多重扰动装置的最佳安装位置。通过DEM-MBD耦合仿真试验,分析了倾斜角、取种勺线速度对充种成功率的影响,以及凹槽形状对单粒取种率的影响。运用Box-Behnken中心组合试验方法,以第2弧形突出部分坡度、倾斜角、取种勺线速度为试验因素,以单粒取种率和漏种率作为评价指标,开展了三因素三水平正交试验。利用Design-Expert 8.0.6数据分析软件,分析了各因素对单粒取种率与漏种率的影响,对试验因素进行优化,确定了多重扰动装置最佳结构参数。设计试验台对仿真结果进行验证,倾斜角、取种勺线速度分别为15°、0.07 m/s的条件下,通过调节多重扰动装置与取种勺凹槽顶端距离适配不同级别蒜种,当Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级、Ⅲ级蒜种距离分别为0、6.1、12.1 mm时,单粒取种成功率分别为92.2%、97.2%、95.6%,具有良好的取种性能。

基于电子鼻和气质联用分析萌芽大蒜挥发性物质差异

为探究萌芽期大蒜挥发性物质的差异,采用电子鼻、捕集阱顶空-气质联用仪(Trap head space-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,HS-Trap-GC-MS)结合正交偏最小二乘法判别分析(Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis,OPLS-DA)、香气活度值、差异性热图、相关性分析分析大蒜萌芽在0、24、48、72、96 h挥发性物质的差异。电子鼻结合OPLS-DA建立预测模型其预测能力达96.00%。GC-MS分析表明:含硫化合物是不同萌芽期大蒜的主要共有挥发性物质,含硫化合物的相对含量随萌芽时间的延长而呈递减趋势,而种类呈现出递增趋势;二烯丙基二硫醚是样品在萌芽过程中含量降低最多的物质。二烯丙基四硫醚、烯丙硫醇是样品共有关键化合物。差异性热图分析显示:除共有物质含量差异外,硫化丙烯、己醛、叠氮二羧酸二叔丁酯、丙烯醇、6-甲基-2-庚炔、5-甲基噻二唑、2-亚乙基-1,3-二硫烷、2-丙-2-炔基磺酰基丙烷、2,5-二甲基噻吩、2,5-二甲基呋喃、1-戊烯-3-醇、1,3-二噻烷的缺失进一步加大了未萌芽和萌芽大蒜气味的差异。萌芽大蒜主要共有挥发性物质的种类随萌芽时间的延长呈现递增趋势。大蒜主要挥发性物质与电子鼻大多数传感器存在显著相关性。大蒜的气味强度会随萌芽时间的延长而逐步减弱。

纳米氧化锌对青蒜生长和品质的影响

为明确纳米氧化锌对青蒜生长和品质的影响,以徐州青蒜主栽品种邳州白蒜为试材,对青蒜叶面喷施50 mg·kg^(-1)(S1)、100 mg·kg^(-1)(S2)、200 mg·kg^(-1)(S3)、500 mg·kg^(-1)(S4)浓度的纳米氧化锌,以喷施去离子水作对照(CK)。结果表明,叶面喷施纳米氧化锌能促进青蒜生长并改善其品质。与CK相比,S1~S4处理的株高、叶宽、假茎长和假茎粗分别提高7%~16%、6%~19%、1%~24%和-2%~12%;叶、茎鲜质量和干质量分别提高1%~12%、4%~11%和5%~16%、4%~10%,产量分别提高3%~11%;叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶绿素a+b和类胡萝卜素含量分别提高32%~74%、39%~111%、33%~76%和6%~18%;VC、可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、游离氨基酸、大蒜素含量和硝酸还原酶活性分别提高8%~22%、19%~31%、15%~43%、8%~17%、18%~39%和9%~65%;N、P、K、Fe、Ca和Zn含量提高9%~21%、3%~11%、28%~39%、3%~23%、9%~23%和41%~121%。CK、S1、S2、S3和S4处理的综合评价值依次为0.18、0.50、0.67、0.77和0.53。综合来看,叶面喷施200 mg·kg^(-1)纳米氧化锌(S3)为最优处理,青蒜生长最好且品质最佳。

激素及pH对大蒜愈伤组织诱导研究

探讨大蒜愈伤组织诱导及增殖分化的影响因素,建立大蒜愈伤组织诱导、增殖及器官分化的培养体系。结果表明,适合大蒜愈伤组织诱导及增殖的培养基激素浓度及pH为2 mg/L NAA,2 mg/L 6-BA,1 mg/L 2,4-D和pH 5.8;苍山蒜愈伤组织出芽分化的最佳培养基激素浓度及pH为1 mg/L NAA,3 mg/L 6-BA,pH 5.8;苏联蒜愈伤组织出芽分化的最佳培养基激素浓度及pH为2 mg/L NAA,2 mg/L 6-BA,pH 6.1;苍山蒜和苏联蒜愈伤组织生根分化的最佳培养基激素浓度及pH均为1 mg/L NAA,pH 5.8,表明高浓度的2,4-D有利于大蒜愈伤组织的诱导,但并不利于其分化。

硫酸钙与腐植酸配施对大蒜产量及土壤性质的影响

为明确河南蒜区大蒜生产和碱性潮土改良最佳措施,设常规施肥(CK)、常规施肥+硫酸钙(T1)、常规施肥+腐植酸(T2)、常规施肥+硫酸钙+腐植酸(T3)的处理,研究了不同施肥方式对大蒜产量、叶片抗氧化能力、土壤酶活性、土壤结构的影响,分析了不同施肥方式对大蒜产量和碱性潮土改良的效果。结果表明,在常规施肥的基础上配合施用硫酸钙与腐植酸,能显著提高叶片SOD、POD、CAT活性,增强土壤酶活性,对团粒直径>0.25mm土壤水稳性团聚体的形成有促进作用,效果优于CK、T1、T2;T3大蒜产量达15620.95 kg·hm^(-2),比当地常规施肥极显著增产11.97%。综上所述,硫酸钙与腐植酸配施对河南蒜区的大蒜产量和土壤性质的改善具有较好的效果。

饲粮中添加不同水平大蒜皮对福清山羊生长性能、营养物质表观消化率、瘤胃发酵参数和微生物结构的影响

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平大蒜皮对福清山羊生长性能、营养物质表观消化率、瘤胃发酵参数和微生物结构的影响。选取健康9月龄福清山羊公羊60只,随机分成4组,每组15个重复,每个重复1只羊。各组分别饲喂以0(对照组)、8%(试验Ⅰ组)、16%(试验Ⅱ组)和24%(试验Ⅲ组)大蒜皮替代饲粮中花生秧的试验饲粮。预试期10 d,正试期90 d。结果表明:1)试验Ⅲ组的(GE)表观消化率显著高于其他各组(P<0.05),中性洗涤纤维(NDF)表观消化率显著高于对照组(P<0.05),酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)表观消化率极显著高于其他各组(P<0.01)。2)试验Ⅱ和Ⅲ组的瘤胃氨态氮含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05),瘤胃丙酸含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),瘤胃乙酸/丙酸极显著低于对照组和试验Ⅰ组(P<0.01)。3)试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组的瘤胃微生物Ace指数、Chao1指数和PD_whole_tree指数均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),试验Ⅰ和Ⅱ组的瘤胃微生物Shannon指数显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。在门水平上,试验Ⅲ组的瘤胃厚壁菌门相对丰度显著高于其他各组(P<0.05),瘤胃拟杆菌门相对丰度显著低于其他各组(P<0.05)。在属水平上,试验Ⅲ组的瘤胃普雷沃氏菌属相对丰度显著低于试验Ⅰ和Ⅱ组(P<0.05),试验Ⅲ组的瘤胃毛螺菌科XPB1014群、NK4A214群和克里斯滕森菌科R_7群相对丰度显著高于其他各组(P<0.05),试验Ⅱ组的瘤胃理研菌科RC9肠道群相对丰度显著高于对照组和试验Ⅲ组(P<0.05)。4)菌属相对丰度与NDF(P=0.034,r=0.250)和ADF(P=0.040,r=0.225)表观消化率显著正相关,Shannon指数与NDF(P=0.003,r=0.487)和ADF(P=0.01,r=0.347)表观消化率极显著正相关,Simpson指数与NDF(P=0.001,r=0.582)和ADF(P=0.001,r=0.582)表观消化率极显著正相关。奎氏菌属相对丰度与NDF、GE和粗蛋白质(CP)表观消化率显著负相关(P<0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加大蒜皮可提升瘤胃微生物相对丰度及多样性,并通过对特定菌群的调控提升福清山羊对能量和粗纤维的表观消化率,改善瘤胃发酵参数,其中起到关键作用的菌属是毛螺菌科XPB1014群和奎氏菌属。