Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to develop a Dietary Habit Self-Management Skill (DHSMS) scale, and to test the reliability and validity of this scale. Methods: A questionnaire survey was then conducted ...Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to develop a Dietary Habit Self-Management Skill (DHSMS) scale, and to test the reliability and validity of this scale. Methods: A questionnaire survey was then conducted using a 69-item DHSMS scale (second draft) for which content validity had been confirmed. The participants were post-gastrectomy cancer patients aged from 40 to under 80 years who had undergone initial gastrectomy with an interval of from 1 month since discharge to <3 years post-operative. Results: The scale is a second-order factor model with “Dietary habit self-management skills” as a higher-order factor, four factors—”Skill to form partnerships with other important people”, “Skill to prevent or cope with post-gastrectomy disorder”, “Skill to grasp issues accompanying post-gastrectomy disorder”, and “Self-efficacy”—and 27 items. The construct validity of the scale was confirmed. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of the DHSMS scale was 0.915. The criterion- related validity of the DHSMS scale was confirmed based on the correlations between overall DHSMS scale scores and “Number of post-gastrectomy disorder symptoms experienced”, the score for the subscale “Skill to grasp issues accompanying post-gastrectomy disorder” and “Number of post-gastrectomy disorder symptoms experienced”, and the subscale “Self-efficacy” and the SF-8. Discussion: By using patients’ self-administered DHSMS scale scores, medical professionals are able to assess the level of a patient’s self-management skills and the status of their dietary habits as a result of post-gastrectomy disorder.展开更多
<strong>Introduction:</strong> Many overseas volunteers have worked in low and middle-income countries. However traveling abroad and staying in an unfamiliar environment with inadequate medical infrastruct...<strong>Introduction:</strong> Many overseas volunteers have worked in low and middle-income countries. However traveling abroad and staying in an unfamiliar environment with inadequate medical infrastructure exposes volunteers to a wide range of health risks. The aim of this study was to clarify the relationships among disease knowledge and symptoms, disease risk perception, and self-management skills. <strong>Methods:</strong> This was a questionnaire survey of 189 Japanese who were preparing to volunteer abroad. A factor analysis was conducted on 13 items (six general risk events and seven major diseases) of risk perception. Correlation analysis was performed between the identified risk perception factors and disease knowledge and symptoms. Risk perception scores by factors from the seven disease items were compared between the Self-management Score (SMS) group and disease knowledge and risk of symptoms group, using T-tests. St. Luke’s International University Ethics Committee (19-A092) approved this study. <strong>Results:</strong> Many participants expected to suffer from digestive diseases (69.3%) and dermatitis (55%) in the field. On the other hand, few expected high risk of malaria (26.5%) or dengue fever (36%). Factor analysis yielded robust factor loadings creating a “Dread” and an “Unknown” factor accounting for 62.2% of total variance. Strong correlation was not found between SMS and disease risk perception. A weak negative correlation was observed in dengue fever, digestive disorders, and dermatitis (r = <span style="white-space:nowrap;">−</span>0.20 to <span style="white-space:nowrap;">−</span>0.25, p < 0.001) on the “Unknown” factor. A high SMS score was associated with a lower “Unknown” factor score for malaria, diarrhea, dermatitis, and dental disorders. In addition, higher disease knowledge was significantly associated with higher “Dread” factor score for dental disorders. <strong>Conclusions: </strong>Self-management skills and disease knowledge will enable higher risk awareness of common diseases and high lethality diseases.展开更多
文摘Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to develop a Dietary Habit Self-Management Skill (DHSMS) scale, and to test the reliability and validity of this scale. Methods: A questionnaire survey was then conducted using a 69-item DHSMS scale (second draft) for which content validity had been confirmed. The participants were post-gastrectomy cancer patients aged from 40 to under 80 years who had undergone initial gastrectomy with an interval of from 1 month since discharge to <3 years post-operative. Results: The scale is a second-order factor model with “Dietary habit self-management skills” as a higher-order factor, four factors—”Skill to form partnerships with other important people”, “Skill to prevent or cope with post-gastrectomy disorder”, “Skill to grasp issues accompanying post-gastrectomy disorder”, and “Self-efficacy”—and 27 items. The construct validity of the scale was confirmed. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of the DHSMS scale was 0.915. The criterion- related validity of the DHSMS scale was confirmed based on the correlations between overall DHSMS scale scores and “Number of post-gastrectomy disorder symptoms experienced”, the score for the subscale “Skill to grasp issues accompanying post-gastrectomy disorder” and “Number of post-gastrectomy disorder symptoms experienced”, and the subscale “Self-efficacy” and the SF-8. Discussion: By using patients’ self-administered DHSMS scale scores, medical professionals are able to assess the level of a patient’s self-management skills and the status of their dietary habits as a result of post-gastrectomy disorder.
文摘<strong>Introduction:</strong> Many overseas volunteers have worked in low and middle-income countries. However traveling abroad and staying in an unfamiliar environment with inadequate medical infrastructure exposes volunteers to a wide range of health risks. The aim of this study was to clarify the relationships among disease knowledge and symptoms, disease risk perception, and self-management skills. <strong>Methods:</strong> This was a questionnaire survey of 189 Japanese who were preparing to volunteer abroad. A factor analysis was conducted on 13 items (six general risk events and seven major diseases) of risk perception. Correlation analysis was performed between the identified risk perception factors and disease knowledge and symptoms. Risk perception scores by factors from the seven disease items were compared between the Self-management Score (SMS) group and disease knowledge and risk of symptoms group, using T-tests. St. Luke’s International University Ethics Committee (19-A092) approved this study. <strong>Results:</strong> Many participants expected to suffer from digestive diseases (69.3%) and dermatitis (55%) in the field. On the other hand, few expected high risk of malaria (26.5%) or dengue fever (36%). Factor analysis yielded robust factor loadings creating a “Dread” and an “Unknown” factor accounting for 62.2% of total variance. Strong correlation was not found between SMS and disease risk perception. A weak negative correlation was observed in dengue fever, digestive disorders, and dermatitis (r = <span style="white-space:nowrap;">−</span>0.20 to <span style="white-space:nowrap;">−</span>0.25, p < 0.001) on the “Unknown” factor. A high SMS score was associated with a lower “Unknown” factor score for malaria, diarrhea, dermatitis, and dental disorders. In addition, higher disease knowledge was significantly associated with higher “Dread” factor score for dental disorders. <strong>Conclusions: </strong>Self-management skills and disease knowledge will enable higher risk awareness of common diseases and high lethality diseases.
