On the Risks of Medicalization of Adolescents Self-Injuring Acts

Although common among community adolescents, self-injuring acts are mainly studied by psychiatrists and psychologists and rarely by social work researchers. The preponderance of medical research in the field has come to associate self-injuring acts with mental issues. This view has to a large extent been adopted among professionals as well as among laypeople. When examining adolescents’ unsolicited internet published narratives, this medicalization of self-injuring acts was found to have negative consequences for disclosure and help-seeking, and hence limit the adolescents’ possibilities to get adequate help and support. The main objective of this work is to study adolescents’ views on hampering factors for help-seeking for self-injuring acts and the role of medicalisation for their willingness for disclosure and help-seeking. Disclosure of self-injuring acts within the social network was described as met with demands to seek professional mental help. Seeking professional help was accompanied with fear of being perceived as crazy or diagnosed as mentally ill. Internet websites were described as value free and safe arenas giving opportunity to disclose self-injuring acts without fear of being stigmatized and labelled as mentally ill. An extended involvement of social work researchers and professionals, approaching self-injuring acts not primarily as a sign of mental problems, but as an adolescent way of trying to manage a complicated social context, could enhance finding adequate support systems. It is also necessary that the medical profession contributes to a demedicalization of self-injuring acts.

基于ACT反馈的延续性护理对老年间质性肺炎患者治疗依从性的影响评价

分析以ACT反馈为基础的延续性护理模式,对老年间质性肺炎患者的影响价值。方法 从2022年7月开始,截至2023年7月,本院总计选入老年间质性肺炎患者60例,经抽签法进行两组均分。30例对照组实施基础护理,30例研究组实施基于ACT反馈的延续性护理。比较两组护理后肺功能水平、临床恢复结果、生活质量以及总依从率。结果 研究组各肺功能结果、生活质量评分高于对照组;恢复时间短于对照组;总依从率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 老年间质性肺炎患者,进行基于ACT反馈的延续性护理,可提升生活质量和依从性,稳定肺功能水平。

麦粒灸对神经根型颈椎病大鼠脊髓及神经根Activin A/ActRⅠ/Smad4表达的影响

目的:通过观察麦粒灸“大椎”穴对神经根型颈椎病大鼠激活素A(Act A)、ActⅠ型受体(ActRⅠ)及受体后信号传导蛋白Smad4表达的影响,探讨麦粒灸治疗神经根型颈椎病(CSR)的镇痛机制。方法:将30只SPF级雌雄各半SD大鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、麦粒灸组,每组10只。采用椎管插线法制备CSR模型。模型组及麦粒灸组均于造模后待伤口恢复7 d,第8天开始干预。空白组正常喂养且不做任何干预措施,模型组仅予腹腔注射1 ml的0.9%氯化钠溶液,麦粒灸组在模型组基础上予麦粒灸“大椎”穴,6壮/次,1次/d。连续干预7 d后,观察各组大鼠步态评分,测量机械痛阈值,采用蛋白免疫印迹检测脊髓及神经根组织Act A、ActRⅠ及Smad4的蛋白。PCR检测脊髓及神经根组织Act A和ActRⅠ的mRNA表达水平,苏木素-伊红染色观察脊髓及神经根组织的形态结构,免疫荧光染色观察Smad4阳性表达水平。结果:与空白组比较,模型组、麦粒灸组大鼠步态评分升高、机械痛阈降低(P<0.05)。与模型组比较,麦粒灸组大鼠脊髓及神经根组织Act A、ActRⅠ及其mRNA表达水平均升高(P<0.05)。Western blotting和免疫荧光结果均显示Smad4表达增加;HE染色观察麦粒灸组脊髓形态损伤较模型组有所减轻,灰质区神经元固缩,尼氏小体减少,神经胶质细胞和毛细血管数量比模型组减少。结论:麦粒灸“大椎”穴能改善CSR大鼠疼痛阈值和运动功能,促进神经元损伤后修复,这与激活Activin A/ActRⅠ/Smad4信号通路有关。

专业认证背景下高校师范生知向行转化的逻辑路向--基于ACT认知模型视角

专业认证背景下高校师范生的“知”和“行”是师范生将“践行师德、学会教学、学会育人、学会发展”等“他知”内化后形成的结构化“我知”以及外化后生成的关联化教育行动。由“知”化“行”是师范生知识形态从陈述性向程序性自然变迁及其职业素养发展的基本要求。从ACT认知模型视角看,这种转化遵循“认知”“编辑”“调适”的逻辑发展规律。其中:“认知”是师范生以学习理解“他知”意义为任务,学以致知;“编辑”是师范生以整合碎片化意义为目标,学以致道;“调适”是师范生依托教育场域,应用“我知”,以知化形。

ACTED模式下综合康复训练在脑卒中患者住院-随访中的应用

目的探讨ACTED模式下综合康复训练在脑卒中患者住院-随访中的应用。方法选取2021年1月至2023年10月郑州大学第一附属医院康复医学科收治的150例脑卒中患者,按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,各75例。给予对照组常规康复训练,观察组在此基础上接受ACTED模式下综合康复训练。比较两组DE Morton活动指数(DEMMI)、平衡能力(BBS)、肢体功能(FMA)、步态参数、自我管理能力、生活质量(SIS)。结果观察组出院后3个月DEMMI、BBS、上下肢FMA评分高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组出院后3个月的步频、步长、步速高于对照组,双支撑期百分比低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组出院后3个月的自我管理能力、SIS评分评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论ACTED模式下综合康复训练能有效提高脑卒中患者自我效能与自我管理能力,改善患者运动功能,提高患者生活质量。

Impact of Mandatory Provisions on the Validity of Juristic Acts: A Path for Legal Policy Analysis

Contrary to the approach in judicial practice,Paragraph 1,Article 153,of the Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China,as a rule of invalidity for violating mandatory provisions,does not adopt a dichotomy towards mandatory provisions with effectiveness and administrative characteristics,yet it maintains the legislative philosophy of differentiation.It leaves unspecified whether mandatory provisions that do not explicitly render a juristic act invalid impact the act’s validity,entrusting this determination to the discretion of judges on a case-by-case basis.When judges,under the authority of Paragraph 1,Article 153 of the Civil Code,explore the normative intent of mandatory provisions to assess their effect on the validity of juristic acts,they should engage in legal policy analysis centered on consequence-based argumentation to overcome the limitations of norm typological analysis.This analysis employs a reasoning model predicated on the normative purpose,utilizing a consequencefocused interpretative approach for formulating and arguing propositions of rules applicable to pending cases,thereby arriving at case-specific conclusions.Since the invalidation of juristic acts serves as an auxiliary regulatory tool for the state economy and society,a consequence-oriented interpretation needs to be based on the idea of mutual instrumentalization of public and private laws.This entails predicting the outcomes of negating the validity of a juristic act in industrial regulatory scenarios and assessing these outcomes within the framework of public and private regulatory instruments.

Awareness of the Termination of Pregnancy Act of the Laws of Zambia among Women of Reproductive Age at Kanyama First Level Hospital in Lusaka District Zambia

Background: Termination of pregnancy (TOP) in Zambia is guided by the Termination of Pregnancy (TOP) Act of 1972 and as amended in 1994 of the laws of Zambia. However, despite provision of Comprehensive abortion care services with the liberal law, statistics at Kanyama First Level Hospital in relation to unsafe illegal abortions are alarming. This study sought to understand the Awareness on the TOP Act of the laws of Zambia among women of reproductive age 15 - 49 years at Kanyama First Level Hospital in Lusaka District. Purpose of the Study: To assess awareness on the TOP Act among women of reproductive age at Kanyama First Level Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia. Methodology: A convergent parallel mixed method design was conducted using both survey and in-depth interviews among women of reproductive age at Kanyama First Level Hospital in Lusaka District. The study surveyed 370 randomly sampled women aged 15 to 49 years old while the in-depth interviews included eight women purposively sampled from the survey population. Survey data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics while qualitative data thematic analysis was used. Results: The study found that 37% of the participants were aware of the TOP Act while 63.8% viewed legalization of abortion for any reason as wrong. The study results also showed that widowed women were 8 times more likely to be aware of the TOP Act compared to single women (AOR: 8.262;95% CI: 1.105, 61.778). Women in business were significantly more likely to be aware of the TOP Act compared to those who reported having no occupation. (AOR: 2.61;95% CI: 1.246, 5.499). Limited access to information, the social stigma attached to abortion, health care providers’ attitudes, cultural norms, values and religious beliefs, restrictive legal requirements, and absence of a supportive network were some of the barriers affecting awareness and utilization of available safe abortion care services. Conclusions: The research findings concluded that a significant lack of awareness among women of reproductive age regarding the Termination of Pregnancy (TOP) Act. The majority of respondents held the view that abortion should only be legalized for medical reasons. Furthermore, there was a notable gap in knowledge concerning the penal code’s provisions on abortion.

Unraveling the Impact of Direct-Acting Antivirals on Hepatitis-Linked Cirrhosis: A Comprehensive Analysis of Fibrosis, Child Score, and Disease Progression

The treatment of hepatitis C has undergone a significant boom since the advent of direct acting antivirals (DAA). Indeed, the interferon-ribavirin combination that has been used to treat hepatitis C has a virological response in only 45% of cases with significant side effects. The advent of direct-acting antivirals has changed the prognosis of cirrhotic patients with hepatitis C. DAAs have ensured a sustained viral response in the majority of patients. Our work aims to see the evolution of hepatitis C patients at the cirrhosis stage under DAA. We conducted a retrospective study over 15 years (January 2009, January 2024) including all patients with post-viral cirrhosis C, whom we divided into two groups: group A, cirrhotic patients who received ribavirin and interferon, and group B, patients on DAA. From January 2009 to January 2024, we conducted a study of 182 patients with viral hepatitis C, including 102 cirrhotic patients. The mean age was 55 years. 66% of patients were initially treated with the ribavirin interferon combination, while 34% received direct-acting antivirals (DAAs). Since the introduction of DAAs, the most commonly used regimens have been sofosbuvir/daclatasvir with or without ribavirin and sofosbuvir/ledipasvir with or without ribavirin. Group A achieved sustained virological response (SVR) in 60% of cases, with notable side effects. In Group B, SVR was 98.18%, with improved tolerability and fewer side effects than previous treatments. Fifteen patients developed hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), with a significantly lower mortality rate in those treated with DAAs compared with pegylated dual therapy (p: 0.001).

User Perspective of Misplaced PPIUCD and Factors Resulting in PPIUCD Removal: Qualitative Pilot Study

Objective: The aim of the current study was to assess the impact of operative interventions for misplaced device among women who opted for PPIIUCD and the evaluation of reasons for PPIUCD removal within the follow up period of two years. Design: A descriptive exploratory study was conducted over three months among fourteen PPIUCD acceptors at a tertiary care health facility in Delhi, India. Face-to-face & telephonic in-depth interviews were conducted with a selected sample of PPIUCD acceptors who had later opted for its removal. Results: Participants (n = 14) aged 24 – 40 exhibited generally positive attitudes towards PPIUCDs indicating an indicate an understanding of the importance of PPIUCD in preventing unintended pregnancies. Menstrual disturbance and misplaced IUCD were major reasons for removal. despite their own experience necessitating the removal of IUCD, positive experience by other family members (mothers in law) in this study helped to keep the confidence on the contraceptive. Themes included (a) general experience of PPIUCD use (b) Health Facility accessed for removal of IUCD (c) Would she recommend it to others? (d) preferred contraceptive after removal of IUCD. Conclusion: Misplaced IUCD, missing thread, menstrual irregularities, and pain are all associated with PPIUCD and are important reasons for dissatisfaction. Appropriate, timely and supportive individualized care that address knowledge gaps, societal perceptions, and healthcare system challenges would certainly help in reducing dissatisfaction due to PPIUCD and thereby the removal rates.

ACTED康复护理模式在肩袖损伤合并冻结肩术病人中的应用

目的:探讨ACTED康复护理模式在肩袖损伤合并冻结肩术病人中的应用效果。方法:选取2022年1月—12月医院收治的90例肩袖损伤合并冻结肩术病人为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将病人分为观察组、对照组,每组45例,对照组行常规康复训练,观察组实施ACTED康复护理模式,比较两组病人干预前后功能锻炼自我效能、依从性及康复效果[疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)、肩功能活动度、肩关节功能评分(CMS)、日常生活功能评分(ADL)]。结果:干预后观察组病人功能锻炼自我效能、依从性评分较对照组明显提升(P<0.05),疼痛情况、肩袖关节活动能力及日常生活能力改善效果明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:ACTED康复护理模式可提升肩袖损伤合并冻结肩术病人术后功能锻炼自我效能及依从性,从而改善病人肩关节功能,提升病人日常生活能力。

ACTED康复护理在重度子宫脱垂术后患者中的应用效果

目的:观察ACTED康复护理在重度子宫脱垂术后患者中的应用效果。方法:选取2019年12月至2022年7月该院收治的66例重度子宫脱垂术后患者进行前瞻性研究,按照随机数字表法将其分为观察组和对照组各33例。对照组采用常规康复护理,观察组在对照组基础上采用ACTED康复护理。比较两组康复优良率,护理前后盆底功能[盆底功能障碍问卷(PFDI-20)]、心理困扰程度[简易凯斯勒心理困扰量表(K10)]和健康行为能力[健康行为能力自评量表(SRAHP)]评分。结果:观察组康复优良率为93.94%(31/33),高于对照组的75.76%(25/33),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);护理3个月后,两组膀胱、肠道、盆腔等各项PFDI-20评分均低于护理前,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组K10评分均低于护理前,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组SRAHP评分均高于护理前,且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:ACTED康复护理应用于重度子宫脱垂术后患者,可提高康复优良率与健康行为能力,减轻盆底功能障碍和心理困扰程度,效果优于常规康复护理。

密旋链霉菌Act12发酵液对石油胁迫下紫花苜蓿幼苗生长及生理特性的影响

[目的]考察密旋链霉菌Act12发酵液对石油胁迫下紫花苜蓿幼苗生长及生理特性的影响,探讨其缓解石油胁迫的作用机制。[方法]以‘中苜3号’紫花苜蓿为供试植物,采用盆栽试验,考察质量分数3%(W/W)石油胁迫和不同浓度(0、1%、10%和100%)Act12发酵液处理下紫花苜蓿幼苗生长、根系构型、光合特性、渗透调节物质含量和抗氧化能力等指标的变化。[结果]相较于对照组(CK),3%石油胁迫显著抑制了幼苗的光合作用和生物量,同时增加了丙二醛(MDA)的积累,降低了可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量,改变了超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性。中低浓度(1%和10%)的发酵液处理可以有效缓解石油胁迫对紫花苜蓿幼苗的毒害,并以10%的Act12发酵液效果最佳;与不施用Act12发酵液处理相比,10%Act12发酵液处理幼苗的株高、地上部干质量、地下部干质量、茎耐受指数、根耐受指数、总根长、根表面积、根体积和根尖数均显著增加,地上部分和地下部分MDA含量分别降低了42.49%和56.45%,可溶性糖含量分别增加了79.25%和89.83%,可溶性蛋白含量分别增加了167.63%和256.15%,根系SOD和POD活性分别提升了35.81%和57.33%。[结论]中低浓度密旋链霉菌Act12发酵液能有效增强石油胁迫下紫花苜蓿幼苗的抗氧化酶活性和渗透调节能力,降低MDA含量,提高光合作用能力,增加生物量,有效缓解石油胁迫对幼苗生长的抑制。

基于强制性运动治疗的ACTED护理模式在脑卒中偏瘫患者中的应用

目的研究基于强制性运动治疗的ACTED护理模式在脑卒中偏瘫患者中的应用效果。方法选取2020年3月—2023年5月本院收治的70例脑卒中偏瘫患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组、观察组。两组患者均实施强制性运动治疗,在此基础上,对照组采用常规护理模式,观察组采用ACTED护理模式。比较两组患者护理前后的神经功能、肢体功能和生活质量。结果护理后,两组患者的美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表评分、上肢功能评定表各维度(身体功能、疼痛症状、情绪与社会功能)评分及总分、生活质量综合评定问卷各维度(生活环境、心理健康、社会关系、躯体功能)评分均明显较护理前改善(P<0.05),且观察组的美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表评分、上肢功能评定表各维度评分及总分均低于对照组(P<0.05),生活质量综合评定问卷各维度评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论将基于强制性运动治疗的ACTED护理模式应用于脑卒中偏瘫患者中,可有效改善患者的神经功能及肢体功能,提高患者的生活质量,值得临床推广应用。

基于ACT反馈的延续性护理干预用于老年间质性肺炎中的效果分析

观察分析对老年间质性肺炎患者实施基于ACT反馈的延续性护理干预的临床效果和应用价值。方法:选择我院于2022年02月~2023年02月内就诊的60例老年间质性肺炎患者,随机均分为对照组(行常规护理)和实验组(行基于ACT反馈的延续性护理干预),收集分析护理效果。结果:实验组SAS、SDS评分,并发症发生率均明显低于对照组,生存质量评分、PaO2、FEV1、FVC、护理满意度均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:基于ACT反馈的延续性护理干预可以有效减少老年间质性肺炎患者并发症发生率,缓解负性情绪,提高生存质量,改善肺功能,提高护理满意度,有较高的应用价值。

视觉传播机制ACTS模式——以新闻图像为例

图像在现代传播中发挥越来越大的作用。它看似简单明了,实际上却是一种文化表征,隐含着不少"迷思",把握起来并不容易。本文将图像作为文本,基于符号学理论和阿恩海姆视知觉形式动力理论,提出了视觉传播机制ACTS模式,即从吸引注意(Attention)、引向内容(Content)、展现主题(Theme)和积淀为符号(Symbolic)四个层面来解析视觉传播机制,从而在一般意义上揭示了图像从视知觉形式层面到文化意义层面的传播机制。

具有FACTS控制的EEAC法暂态稳定分析

具有 FACTS控制的 EEAC法暂稳分析的关键是如何在 EEAC的等值系统中计及 FACTS控制的影响。本文将 FACTS对暂态稳定的作用通过对电力系统的串联和关联控制来描述 ,适合于 EEAC各种方法和各类 FACTS控制器。本文基于 EEAC法研究了三种典型的 FACTS控制器 (TCSC、STATCON、UPFC)对系统暂态稳定的影响 ,并应用电科院电力系统综合仿真程序进行了校核 ,得到了满意的结果。

ACTED护理模式联合虚拟情景康复训练对中青年脑卒中偏瘫患者的影响

目的:探讨ACTED护理模式联合虚拟情景康复训练对中青年脑卒中偏瘫患者的影响。方法:选取2021年9月1日~2022年9月30日收治的68例中青年脑卒中偏瘫患者为研究对象,以抛硬币随机法分为联合组和对照组各34例,对照组采用脑卒中常规康复训练,联合组在此基础上采用ACTED护理模式联合虚拟情景康复训练,两组均护理至出院;比较两组护理前后肢体功能[采用上肢功能评定表(DASH)]、神经功能[采用美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)]、自我效能[采用中文版脑卒中康复自我效能量表(SSEQ)]、生活质量[采用健康调查简表(SF-36)]、出院准备度[采用出院准备度评估量表(RHDS)]及护理满意度。结果:护理后,两组DASH、NIHSS评分均低于护理前(P<0.05),且联合组低于对照组(P<0.01);护理后,两组SSEQ、SF-36评分均高于护理前(P<0.05),且联合组高于对照组(P<0.01);联合组RHDS、护理满意度评分均高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:对中青年脑卒中偏瘫患者行ACTED护理模式联合虚拟情景康复训练,可促进上肢功能、神经功能的恢复,提升患者自我效能感、出院准备度,提高其生活质量、护理满意度。

Meaning and the Theory of Speech Acts

According to J.L.Austin and J.R.Searle Speech Act Theory,many actions can actually be performed with words that is to say an important part of the meaning of an utterance is what that utterance does.Language is not only used to inform or describe things,it is often used to "do things".The utterances are of three kinds of acts:Locutionary Act,Illocutionary Act,and Perlocutionary Act which are performed simultaneously.Through the study,we see that speech can be far beyond the level of language system.

A Review of Indirect Speech Acts in Speech Act Theory

The theory of indirect speech acts proposed by John Searle is a problematic issue in speech act theory. The theory is subject to various criticisms.This essay reviews various arguments and the significant problems with reference to the indirect speech acts. The review includes some important concepts of speech act theory which are related to indirect speech acts; inference theory and idiom theory which underline indirect speech acts and their major problems in accounting for indirect speech acts.

ACTS数据有效性检验算法仿真

为解决空战训练系统飞行数据在实时传输过程中的数据延时、丢失和错误等问题,搭建了一种空战训练系统(ACTS)数据有效性检验算法仿真实验环境,采用两台PC和两部电台来进行收发飞行数据的模拟,并利用某型飞机的试飞数据对设计的数据有效性检验算法进行了验证,实现了地面监控系统对空中态势的实时显示和评估。