Analysis of the Role of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Self-Care in Thyroid Cancer Patients

Objective:To explore the effect of cognitive behavioral therapy on self-care in thyroid cancer patients.Methods:A total of 144 thyroid cancer patients treated at the Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University from January 2022 to August 2023 were selected as research subjects.Using the random number table method,they were divided into a control group and an experimental group,each consisting of 72 cases.The control group received routine nursing intervention,while the experimental group received cognitive behavioral therapy based on standard nursing practices.The self-care ability(self-concept,self-efficacy,self-care skills,health knowledge level),coping style(confrontation,avoidance,and surrender),and quality of life(psychological function,social function,material life,physical function)of both groups before and after the intervention were compared.Results:In comparison to the pre-intervention period,the experimental group exhibited significantly higher self-care ability,quality of life,and confrontation scores after the intervention,as opposed to the control group.Additionally,the avoidance and surrender scores were lower in the experimental group than in the control group,with these differences proving to be statistically significant(P<0.01).Conclusion:The application of cognitive behavioral therapy can enhance the self-care ability of thyroid cancer patients,aid in better disease coping,and improve their overall quality of life.This approach is deserving of further promotion.

Analysis of the Effect of Comfort Care in The Perioperative Care of Patients with Hysteromyomectomy and its Influence on Self-Care Ability

Objective:To analyze the effect of perioperative comfort care for patients with hysteromyomectomy(HYS).Methods:Seventy cases of HYS patients admitted to our hospital from October 2022 to October 2023 were randomly selected and divided into Group A(control group,35 cases,conventional care)and Group B(observation group 35 cases,comfort care).The effects of the two groups before and after nursing care were compared.Results:The self-rating anxiety(SAS)scores,exercise of self-care agency(ESCA)scores,and nursing satisfaction scores at the time of discharge of Group B were better than in Group A after nursing care(P<0.05).Conclusion:Perioperative comfort care for HYS patients improved the patient’s adverse emotions,self-care ability,and nursing satisfaction.

Analysis of the Application Effect of Family Collaborative Care Model on Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and the Situation of Self-Care Ability

Objective: To study the application effect of the family collaborative care model on elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and its influence on self-care ability. Methods: The elderly type 2 diabetes mellitus patients (400 cases) treated in our hospital between March 2020 and July 2023 were divided into two groups by randomized grouping method;the control group received the conventional nursing program, while the observation group received the family collaborative nursing model. Blood glucose level, self-care ability, and quality of life were compared between the groups. Results: The blood glucose level of the observation group was lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05). The self- care ability and quality of life scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The family collaborative care model for elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus can promote their self- care ability, improve the effect of glycemic control, and improve their quality of life, and is suitable for further promotion and application.

Research on the Intervention of Visual Cue Strategy on Self-Care Ability of Children with Autism

The formation of self-care ability is the first step for children with autism to enter the society,and it is also a prerequisite and guarantee for their independent survival.This study aimed to explore the impact of visual cue strategies on the self-care ability of children with autism.Based on the ABA design of a single case study,this research conducted a four-month intervention on a seven-year-old child with autism via visual cue strategy as independent variables and sock-wearing skills as dependent variables,in order to explore the effect of visual cue strategy on self-care ability of children with autism.It turned out that visual cue strategy exerts a positive immediate sustained effect and social validity on the self-care ability of children with autism.Lastly,suggestions were provided for future related research based on the research process,results,and limitations.

Whole-process case management effects on mental state and selfcare ability in patients with liver cancer

BACKGROUND Regarding the incidence of malignant tumors in China,the incidence of liver cancer ranks fourth,second only to lung,gastric,and esophageal cancers.The case fatality rate ranks third after lung and cervical cancer.In a previous study,the whole-process management model was applied to patients with breast cancer,which effectively reduced their negative emotions and improved treatment adherence and nursing satisfaction.METHODS In this single-center,randomized,controlled study,60 randomly selected patients with liver cancer who had been admitted to our hospital from January 2021 to January 2022 were randomly divided into an observation group(n=30),who received whole-process case management on the basis of routine nursing mea-sures,and a control group(n=30),who were given routine nursing measures.We compared differences between the two groups in terms of anxiety,depression,the level of hope,self-care ability,symptom distress,sleep quality,and quality of life.RESULTS Post-intervention,Hamilton anxiety scale,Hamilton depression scale,memory symptom assessment scale,and Pittsburgh sleep quality index scores in both groups were lower than those pre-intervention,and the observation group had lower scores than the control group(P<0.05).Herth hope index,self-care ability assessment scale-revision in Chinese,and quality of life measurement scale for patients with liver cancer scores in both groups were higher than those pre-intervention,with higher scores in the observation group compared with the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Whole-process case management can effectively reduce anxiety and depression in patients with liver cancer,alleviate symptoms and problems,and improve the level of hope,self-care ability,sleep quality,and quality of life,as well as provide feasible nursing alternatives for patients with liver cancer.

Decision-Making and Management of Self-Care in Persons with Traumatic Spinal Cord Injuries: A Preliminary Study

Patients and physicians understand the importance of self-care following spinal cord injury (SCI), yet many individuals with SCI do not adhere to recommended self-care activities despite logistical supports. Neurobehavioral determinants of SCI self-care behavior, such as impulsivity, are not widely studied, yet understanding them could inform efforts to improve SCI self-care. We explored associations between impulsivity and self-care in an observational study of 35 US adults age 18 - 50 who had traumatic SCI with paraplegia at least six months before assessment. The primary outcome measure was self-reported self-care. In LASSO regression models that included all neurobehavioral measures and demographics as predictors of self-care, dispositional measures of greater impulsivity (negative urgency, lack of premeditation, lack of perseverance), and reduced mindfulness were associated with reduced self-care. Outcome (magnitude) sensitivity, a latent decision-making parameter derived from computationally modeling successive choices in a gambling task, was also associated with self-care behavior. These results are preliminary;more research is needed to demonstrate the utility of these findings in clinical settings. Information about associations between impulsivity and poor self-care in people with SCI could guide the development of interventions to improve SCI self-care and help patients with elevated risks related to self-care and secondary health conditions.

Dynamic interaction nursing intervention on functional rehabilitation and self-care ability of patients after aneurysm surgery

BACKGROUND Nursing practices based on the dynamic interaction model have been shown to be superior to generic nursing practices.However,whether this model is effective in patients recovering from intracranial aneurysm surgery is not well studied.AIM To investigate the effect of nursing based on a dynamic interaction model on functional rehabilitation of patients after aneurysm surgery.METHODS A total of 86 cases in our hospital with intracranial aneurysm from April 2019 to April 2021,were selected and divided into the study group and the control group,with 43 patients in each group.The control group received routine nursing,and the research group received nursing intervention based on a dynamic interaction model.The daily living ability(activities of daily living,ADL),cognitive function(Simple Intelligent Mental State Scale,MMSE),quality of life(Generic Quality of Life Inventory-74,GQOL-74),self-care ability(Exercise of Self-Care Agency scale),incidence of complications,and nursing satisfaction were recorded before and after intervention.RESULTS Before intervention,ADL(52.09±6.44),MMSE(18.03±4.11),and GQOL-74(53.68±4.34)scores in the study group were not significantly different from those in the control group(ADL:50.97±7.32,MMSE:17.59±3.82,GQOL-74:55.06±3.98)(P>0.05).After intervention,ADL(86.12±5.07),MMSE(26.64±2.66),and GQOL-74(83.13±5.67)scores in the study group were higher than those in the control group(ADL:79.81±6.35,MMSE:24.51±3.00,and GQOL-74:77.96±6.27)(P<0.05).Before intervention,self-concept(17.46±4.44),self-care skills(25.22±4.20),self-care knowledge(22.35±4.74),and self-care responsibility(15.06±3.29)scores in the study group was similar to those in the control group(self-concept:16.89±5.53,self-care skills:24.59±4.46,self-care knowledge:21.80±3.61,and self-care responsibility:14.83±3.11)(P>0.05).After the intervention,self-concept(26.01±3.18),self-care skills(37.68±6.05),self-care knowledge(45.56±5.83),and self-care responsibility(22.01±3.77)scores in the study group were higher than those in the control group(self-concept:22.97±3.46,self-care skills:33.02±5.65,selfcare skills knowledge:36.81±5.54,and self-care responsibility:17.97±3.56 points)(P<0.05).The incidence of complications in the study group(4.65%)was lower than that in the control group(18.60%)(P<0.05).Nursing satisfaction in the study group(95.35%)was higher than that in the control group(81.40%)(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Nursing intervention based on a dynamic interaction model can improve postoperative cognitive function,daily living ability,self-care ability,quality of life,and patient satisfaction,while reducing the risk of complications.

Effect of continuing nursing on self-care ability of diabetic patients:A meta-analysis

Objective:To evaluate the effect of continuing nursing on self-care ability of diabetic patients.Methods:Meta-analysis was used to search multiple Chinese and English databases,and relevant randomized controlled trials were collected.After reviewing the literature quality,RevMan 5.2 software was used for data analysis.Results:A total of 8 randomized controlled trials(RCTs)were included.The results showed that the self-care ability of the continuing care observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group [WMD = 17.88,95%CI(17.30,18.47),P<0.001].Conclusion:Continuing nursing shows superiority in improving self-care ability of diabetic patients.

The Impact of Risk-Based Cancer Care Planning on the Complications and Self-Care Ability of Cervical Cancer Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy

Objective:To explore the impact of the application and implementation of risk-based cancer care planning in patients with cervical cancer radiotherapy on the complications and self-care ability of patients.Method:This study recruited selected patients who came for cervical cancer radiotherapy in a tertiary hospital in Xianyang City,Shaanxi Province from November 2020 to November 2021.One hundred patients were recruited.Nursing management was carried out,and cancer care planning under the concept of conventional care and risk were applied.The effects of different nursing methods on patients were compared and analyzed.Results:The patients in the experimental group had higher scores of self-care ability and lower complication rate.All data were significantly different from those of the control group(P<0.05),and the nursing effect on the experimental group was better.Conclusion:The application and implementation of the risk-based cancer care planning in patients who received cervical cancer radiotherapy has significant clinical effects,which is beneficial to reduce the incidence of patients’adverse reactions and promote patient recovery.

Identification of Behavior of Voluntary Traceability and Analysis of Its Determinants: A Case Study of Hog Slaughtering and Processing Firms in Zhejiang Province,China

In recent years, the Chinese government has highlighted the importance of adopting hog safety/quality traceability, and a growing amount of research continues to entice firms to adopt traceability systems. In this study, a survey was conducted on a sample of pig slaughtering and processing firms in Zhejiang, China through personal interviews and emails. The aim of this study was to examine the determinants of firm behavior on the implementation of voluntary traceability systems with more stringent standards and controls than those of the mandatory system in China. The results revealed that motivation based on product quality improvement, capital ability and role perception （business type） had significantly positive relationships with a firm＇s voluntary traceability. Other incentives, such as operation improvement, recall risk reduction, reduced occurrence of safety issues, and technical strength were not found to be supportive in our study. This study provides an opportunity to better understand the determinants of firm behavior on voluntary traceability, particularly in light of the fact that some Chinese firms are facing the threat of criminal action for the use of illegal additives and the abuse of Clenbuterol. Policy recommendations on encouraging the implementation of pork safety voluntary traceability by hog slaughtering and processing firms are also discussed.

Self-care practices and health-seeking behavior among older persons in a developing country:Theories-based research

Purpose:The aim of this study was to examine the self-care practices and health-seeking behaviours of older adults in urban Indonesia.Methods:The cross-sectional study was performed from January to March 2014 in the Tammua sub-district of Indonesia.At the time of the study,273 older adults resided in Tammua,and half of them(51.2%)participated in this study.Data collection was carried out including self-care practices,health literacy,self-efficacy and basic conditioning factors.Results:It was found that most respondents(124;88.6%)always ate various protein sources daily.However,many participants never limited consumption of sugar(55;39.3%)or salt(40;28.6%),and more than half of respondents(96;68.6%)did not regularly visit MHCs.Health status(p<0.05),health maintenance(p<0.01)and salt limitation(p<0.05)were all significantly associated with salt limitation.It was found that respondents with higher selfefficacy,those who did not want to get information,and those of younger ages are less likely to visit MHCs regularly.Conclusion:An understanding of self-care practices and self-efficacy is needed to improve health care in developing countries.High self-efficacy should be promoted along with adequate health literacy.Older persons should learn the importance of regular health examinations to promote health,prevent diseases,and slow the progress of chronic diseases.The number of respondents who never limit their sugar and salt intake was especially surprising.An intervention program should be developed to limit salt and sugar intake of Indonesian elderly and to motivate older persons to use primary health services.

Health Literacy, Self-Care Behavior and Quality of Life in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients: An Integrative Review

Purpose: The review aimed to find the best evidence on the relationship between health literacy, self-care behavior and perceived quality of life (QoL) among patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Methods: Searching engines included Cumulative Index to Nursing Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Pro Quest, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, SAGE Journals, Wiley on Line Library, and Science Direct electronic databases from 2010 to 2018. Fifteen research articles assessed the main variables and their associations with demographic and clinical variables. Results: Different methodologies and samples were analyzed: analytic descriptive, systematic review, a randomized control trial, retrospective cohort, a prospective Cohort, cross-sectional, and correlational designs. The fifteen studies showed that the patients with ACS have inadequate health literacy. Patients’ ability to understand basic and complex information or to accurately assess health risks was impaired and may hinder patients’ engagement in self-care. Low HL in patients having ACS is consistently associated with poor QoL. Physical domain of QoL remained the significant outcome of both self-care behavior and health literacy after adjusting for demographics and clinical variables in patients with ACS. Conclusion: The literature pointed to the importance of considering health literacy and self-care behaviors as predictors of quality of life among patients with ACS. However, there has been no previous evidence on the best process of the association between these three variables.

Effect of Foot Self-Care Behavior According to Severity of Diabetic Neuropathy in Japanese Patients with Diabetes

PURPOSE: Diabetic patients with severe diabetic neuropathy often have hypoesthesia and numbness. This study evaluated foot self-care behavior according to severity of diabetic neuropathy. METHODS: We used a hand-held nerve conduction test device DPN check (HDN-1000, Omron) to evaluate severity of diabetic neuropathy. Foot self-care was evaluated using the Japanese SDSCA (the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities measure). Foot self-care comprised visual inspection, washing, wiping interdigital areas, and checking shoes, and was scored according to the number of days self-care which was performed in the previous week. RESULTS: The study evaluated 103 diabetic patients (age: 65.7 years, diabetes duration: 13.9 years, HbA1c: 7.3%). Total scores (out of 28 points) for self-care behavior according to neuropathy severity were 11.8 (Normal: n = 54), 10.6 (Mild: n = 27), 13.3 (Moderate: n = 17), and 10.8 (Severe: n = 5). Foot self-care scores were low in all groups, with particularly low scores in those with severe neuropathy. However, no statistically significant differences were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Foot self-care is essential in diabetes because lesions are more likely to occur in severe neuropathy. Living alone and the presence of recurrent foot lesions are associated with poor survival prognosis. Accordingly, foot-care intervention must take neuropathy severity and lifestyle factors into account. The severity of diabetic neuropathy must be determined and foot-care intervention should take lifestyle factors into account.

Exploring the Influences of Continuous Self-Management Education on the Self-Care Skills and Health Behavior of Patients with PICC Intubation

Objective:To analyze the effects of continuous self-management education on the selfcare ability and health behavior of patients with tumor through peripherally inserted central venous catheters(PICC).Methods:The period from August 2018 to August 2020 was used as the research time range,and the random number table method was used as the basis for grouping.80 patients with malignant tumors who regularly performed fixed catheter maintenance care in the PICC clinic of our hospital were admitted in the experimental group(given PICC specialist nursing,and implemented continuous self-management education),and 80 patients with PICC tube malignant tumors discharged from the superior hospital during this time range served as the control group(return to the original catheterization hospital from time to time or perform catheter maintenance care in the nursing clinic of our hospital).The self-care ability scores,health behavior scores,and complications during intubation between both groups were analyzed.Results:(1)There was no significant difference in self-care ability score and healthy behavior score between groups before the intervention,P>0.05;the self-care ability score and health behavior score of the research group were better than the control group after intervention,P<0.05;(2)After investigation,the incidence of complications in the research group(2.50%)was lower than that of the control group(10.00%),but there was no difference between the groups,P>0.05.Conclusion:Continuous self-management education has good effects on improving the self-care ability of tumor patients with PICC intubation.It can urge patients to maintain good health behaviors and reduce complications.It is worthy of promotion.

Psychological aspects of diabetes care: Effecting behavioral change in patients

Patients with diabetes mellitus(DM) need psychological support throughout their life span from the time of diagnosis. The psychological make-up of the patients with DM play a central role in self-management behaviors. Without patient's adherence to the effective therapies, there would be persistent sub-optimal contro of diseases, increase diabetes-related complications,causing deterioration in quality of life, resulting in increased healthcare utilization and burden on healthcare systems. However, provision of psychosocial support is generally inadequate due to its challenging nature of needs and demands on the healthcare systems. This review article examines patient's psychological aspects in general, elaborates in particular about emotion effects on health, and emotion in relation to other psychological domains such as cognition, self-regulation,self-efficacy and behavior. Some descriptions are also provided on willpower, resilience, illness perception and proactive coping in relating execution of new behaviors,coping with future-oriented thinking and influences of illness perception on health-related behaviors. These psychological aspects are further discussed in relationto DM and interventions for patients with DM. Equipped with the understanding of the pertinent nature of psychology in patients with DM; and knowing the links between the psychological disorders, inflammation and cardiovascular outcomes would hopefully encourages healthcare professionals in giving due attention to the psychological needs of patients with DM.

A Novel Ni‑Free Zr‑Based Bulk Metallic Glass with High Glass Forming Ability,Corrosion Resistance and Thermal Stability

Zr-based Bulk metallic glasses exhibit incredible corrosion resistance and glass forming ability,however,these properties need further enhancement to meet the practical use.In this study,Zr63Fe2.5Cu23Al11.5,a new type of Zr-based bulk metallic glass was fabricated.Potentiodynamic polarization techniques were used to measure the corrosion resistance of this alloy.Furthermore,crystallization behavior and kinetics of Zr63Fe2.5Cu23Al11.5 bulk metallic glass were investigated by using differential scanning calorimetry of non-isothermal model.Kissinger and Ozawa methods were used for calculating activation energies of crystallization and the mechanism of crystallization was analyzed by Johnson-Mehl-Avrami-Kolmogorow methods.The results suggest that this specified metallic glass system possesses a relatively high thermal stability and glass forming ability.Moreover,the crystallization procedure is mainly dominated by nucleation with an increasing rate.The study demonstrates that the slight composition adjustment of Zr-Fe-Cu-Al system bulk metallic glass can make a considerable contribution to higher glass forming and thermal stability as well as corrosion resistance.

基于IMB的围术期护理对肠造口患者自我护理能力的影响

目的探讨基于信息-动机-行为技巧模型(IMB)的围手术期护理对肠造口患者自我护理能力及并发症的影响。方法选取2021年7月至2022年6月南昌大学第二附属医院胃肠外科收治的124例肠造口患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为对照组(n=62)和观察组(n=62)。对照组采用常规的围手术期护理措施,观察组在常规护理上实施基于IMB的围手术期护理,比较两组肠造口患者干预前及出院1、3个月时的造口患者自我护理能力与造口并发症的发生率。结果自我护理意愿、自我护理知识和自我护理技能评分的组间、时间、交互作用比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组出院后1、3个月的自我护理意愿、自我护理技能评分均高于本组干预前,且两组出院后3个月的自我护理意愿、自我护理技能评分均高于本组出院后1个月时,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);对照组出院后3个月的自我护理知识评分高于本组干预前、出院后1个月时,观察组出院后1、3个月的自我护理知识评分高于本组干预前,观察组出院后3个月的自我护理知识评分高于本组出院后1个月时,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组出院后1、3个月的自我护理意愿、自我护理知识和自我护理技能评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者干预前的并发症总发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组患者出院后1、3个月的并发症总发生率均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于IMB模式的围手术期护理有利于提高肠造口患者自我护理能力,降低肠造口并发症发生率。

时效性激励模式下的延伸护理在老年慢性萎缩性胃炎癌前病变患者中的应用效果

目的探讨时效性激励模式下的延伸护理在老年慢性萎缩性胃炎癌前病变患者中的应用效果。方法选取该院2020年7月至2022年7月收治的老年慢性萎缩性胃炎癌前病变患者100例作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法将其分成观察组与常规组,每组50例。常规组采用常规延伸护理,观察组在常规组的基础上采用时效性激励模式下的延伸护理,两组均持续干预3个月。对比两组遵医行为、护理满意度[采用纽卡斯尔护理服务满意度量表(NSNS)评分进行评估],比较两组干预前后自我效能感[采用一般自我效能感量表(GSES)评分进行评估]、应对方式[采用简易应对方式量表(SCSQ)评分进行评估]、健康行为[采用健康促进生活方式量表(HPLP-Ⅱ)评分进行评估]、自我管理能力[采用成年人健康自我管理能力测评表(AHSMSRS)评分进行评估]及生活质量[采用慢性病患者生命质量测定量表体系-慢性胃炎(QLICD-CG)评分进行评估]情况。结果观察组遵医率(98.00%)和护理满意度(100.00%)均高于常规组(84.00%、88.00%),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,观察组GSES、HPLP-Ⅱ、AHSMSRS、QLICD-CG评分均高于常规组(P<0.05)。与常规组相比,干预后观察组积极应对评分升高,而消极应对评分降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论时效性激励模式下的延伸护理可提高老年慢性萎缩性胃炎癌前病变患者自我效能感,增强其自我管理能力及遵医行为,提高患者生活质量水平及护理满意度。

合理信念替代疗法对冠心病患者心理弹性和自护能力的影响

目的:分析合理信念替代疗法对冠心病患者心理弹性和自护能力的影响。方法:按照入院顺序将某院2021年8月-2022年8月收治的102例冠心病患者分为对照组(n=51,常规干预)和干预组(n=51,常规干预+合理信念替代疗法);对比两组患者干预前后心理弹性[心理弹性量表(CD-RISC)]、自护能力[自我护理能力量表(ESCA)]、健康行为[健康促进生活方式量表Ⅱ(HPLP-II)]、生活质量[西雅图心绞痛量表(SAQ)]及满意度。结果:干预后,两组CD-RISC量表坚韧、乐观、自强各维度得分及总分均升高(P<0.05),且干预组均高于对照组(t=4.371,5.404,3.883,6.574;P<0.05);干预后,两组ESCA量表中自我概念、健康知识水平、自我护理技能、自我护理责任感各维度得分及ESCA量表总分均高于干预前(P<0.05),且干预组均高于对照组(t=7.252,3.908,5.848,5.643,10.496;P<0.05);干预后,两组HPLP-Ⅱ量表人际关系、运动锻炼、自我实现、压力管理、健康责任、营养各维度得分及总分均高于干预前(P<0.05),且干预组均高于对照组(t=2.624,3.883,3.378,3.642,3.610,2.828;P<0.05);干预后,两组SAQ各维度评分均升高(P<0.05),且干预组心绞痛稳定状况、疾病认知程度、治疗满意度、心绞痛发作频率、躯体受限程度五大维度评分较对照组高(t=2.122,2.340,3.699,2.976,2.766;P<0.05);两组满意度比较,干预组为96.08%,高于对照组的84.31%(χ^(2)=3.991,P<0.05)。结论:对冠心病患者采用合理信念替代疗法效果显著,可增强患者心理弹性,提高自护能力、健康行为水平和生活质量,获得较高的满意度。