Influence of a drain field plate on the forward blocking characteristics of an AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor

In this paper, the influence of a drain field plate （FP） on the forward blocking characteristics of an AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor （HEMT） is investigated. The HEMT with only a gate FP is optimized, and breakdown voltage VBR is saturated at 1085 V for gate–drain spacing LGD ≥ 8 μm. On the basis of the HEMT with a gate FP, a drain FP is added with LGD=10 μm. For the length of the drain FP LDF ≤ 2 μm, VBR is almost kept at 1085 V, showing no degradation. When LDF exceeds 2 μm, VBR decreases obviously as LDF increases. Moreover, the larger the LDF, the larger the decrease of VBR. It is concluded that the distance between the gate edge and the drain FP edge should be larger than a certain value to prevent the drain FP from affecting the forward blocking voltage and the value should be equal to the LGD at which VBR begins to saturate in the first structure. The electric field and potential distribution are simulated and analyzed to account for the decrease of VBR.

Cavitation of a Submerged Jet at the Spherical Valve Plate/Cylinder Block Interface for Axial Piston Pump

The spherical valve plate/cylinder block pair has the advantages of strong overturning resistance and large bearing area.However,the configurations of the unloading and pre-boosting triangular grooves on the spherical valve plate are different from those in the planar valve plate,resulting in special cavitation phenomenon on the spherical port plate pair.In order to study cavitation characteristics of spherical port plate pair,a dynamic CFD model of the piston pump including turbulence model,cavitation model and fluid compressibility is established.A detailed UDF compilation scheme is provided for modelling of the micron-sized spherical oil film mesh,which makes up for the lack of research on the meshing of the spherical oil film.In this paper,using CFD simulation tools,from the perspectives of pressure field,velocity field and gas volume fraction change,a detailed analysis of the transient evolution of the submerged cavitation jet in a axial piston pump with spherical valve plate is carried out.The study indicates the movement direction of the cavitation cloud cluster through the cloud image and the velocity vector direction of the observation point.The sharp decrease of velocity and gas volume fraction indicates the collapse phenomenon of bubbles on the part wall surface.These discoveries verify the special erosion effect in case of the spherical valve plate/cylinder block pair.The submerged cavitation jet generated by the unloading triangular grooves distributed on the spherical valve plate not only cause denudation of the inner wall surface of the valve plate,but also cause strong impact and denudation on the lower surface of the cylinder body.Finally,the direction of the unloading triangular groove was modified to extend the distance between it and the wall surface which can effectively alleviate the erosion effect.

Layer-block tectonics of Cenozoic basements and formation of intra-plate basins in Nansha micro-plate, southern South China Sea

Layer-block tectonics （LBT） concept, with the core of pluralistic geodynamic outlook and multilayer-sliding tectonic outlook, is one of new keys to study 3-dimensional solid and its 4-dimensional evolution history of global tectonic system controlled by global geodynamics system. The LBT concept is applied to study the lithospheric tectonics of the southern South China Sea （SCS）. Based on the analysis of about 30 000 km of geophysical and geological data, some layer-blocks in the Nansha micro-plate can be divided as Nansha ultra-crustal layer-block, Zengmu crustal layer-block, Nanwei （Rifleman bank）-Andu （Ardasier bank） and Liyue （Reed bank） North Palawan crustal layer-blocks, Andu-Bisheng and Liyue-Banyue basemental layer-blocks. The basic characteristics of the basemental layer-blocks have been dicussed, and three intra-plate basin groups are identified. The intra-plate basins within Nansha micro-plate can be divided into three basin groups of Nanwei- Andu, Feixin-Nanhua, and Liyue-North Palawan based on the different geodynamics. In the light of pluralistic geodynamic concept, the upheaving force induced by the mid-crust plastic layer is proposed as the main dynamical force which causes the formation of the intra-plate basins within the Nansha micro-plate. Finally, models of a face-to-face dip-slip detachment of basemental layerblock and a unilateral dip-slip-detachment of basemental layer-block are put forward for the forming mechanisms of the Nanwei Andu and Liyue-North Palawan intra-plate basin groups, respectively.

Reverse blocking enhancement of drain field plate in Schottky-drain AlGaN/GaN high-electron mobility transistors

In this paper, we present the combination of drain field plate （FP） and Schottky drain to improve the reverse blocking capability, and investigate the reverse blocking enhancement of drain FP in Schottky-drain AlGaN/GaN high-electron mobility transistors （HEMTs）. Drain FP and gate FP were employed in a two-dimensional simulation to improve the reverse blocking voltage （VRB） and the forward blocking voltage （VFB）. The drain-FP length, the gate-FP length and the passivation layer thickness were optimized. VRB and VFB were improved from -67 V and 134 V to -653 V and 868 V respectively after optimization. Simulation results suggest that the combination of drain FP and Schottky drain can enhance the reverse blocking capability significantly.

Tribological Properties of Cylinder Block/Valve Plate Interface of Axial Piston Pump on the Tribometer

The tribological properties of cylinder block/valve plate is an important consideration in the design of axial piston pump.The effect of materials and heat treatment on friction and wear properties has been studied in depth.Engi-neering experiences show that the speed and load also affect the tribological properties,but these have not been systematically analyzed.The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the tribological properties of the commonly used materials(CuPb1 5Sn5 and 38CrMoAl/42CrMo)for cylinder block/valve plate with different heat treatment and con-tact pressure at different speed.During the test,tribometer is used to simulate the contact pattern between the valve plate/cylinder block in axial piston pump,the friction coefficient,wear rate and surface topography are analyzed to evaluate the tribological properties of different types of friction samples at different speed.Results indicate that:(1)contact surface of the samples at 1800 r/min is more prone to adhesive wear than those at 500 r/min;(2)in the terms of wear resistance,quench-tempered and nitrided 38CrMoAl(38CrMoAl QTN for short)is better than quench-tem-pered and nitrided 42CrMo,although they are all commonly used materials in the axial piston pump;(3)2.5 MPa is the critical contact pressure of the interface between valve plate made of 38CrMoAl QTN and cylinder block made of CuPb1 5Sn5 on the tribometer,which implies the pressure bearing area at the bottom of the cylinder block should be carefully designed;(4)the valve plate/cylinder block made of 38CrMoAl QTN/CuPb15Sn5 exhibits good tribological properties in a real axial piston pump.This research is useful for the failure analysis and structural optimization design of the valve plates/cylinder block.

解剖锁定钛板及桡侧阻挡钛板治疗桡骨远端C型骨折的疗效

目的探讨解剖锁定钛板及桡侧阻挡钛板治疗桡骨远端C型骨折的疗效。方法将40例桡骨远端C型骨折患者按照治疗方法不同分为观察组(采用解剖锁定钛板及桡侧阻挡钛板治疗,20例)和对照组(采用单纯桡骨远端解剖锁定钛板治疗,20例)。记录两组术中骨折复位情况、术中出血量、手术时间、骨折愈合情况、掌倾角、尺偏角及腕关节活动度。结果患者均获得随访,时间2.5~6个月。术中观察组骨折断端均固定良好,对位对线满意,无桡侧骨块移位;对照组9例骨折复位及固定满意,11例存在不同程度的桡侧骨块移位。术中出血量、手术时间两组比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组骨折均愈合,时间10~12周。末次随访时,两组掌倾角比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);尺偏角及腕关节掌屈、背伸活动度观察组均大于对照组(P<0.05)。结论解剖锁定钛板及桡侧阻挡钛板治疗桡骨远端C型骨折,术中骨折复位简单,同时能有效减少桡侧骨块移位,更利于患者腕关节功能恢复。

三维组架螺钉与环形钢板治疗Sanders ⅢAB型跟骨骨折的有限元分析

目的 探讨三维组架螺钉与环形钢板对SandersⅢAB型跟骨骨折的生物力学稳定性的影响。方法 收集1名26岁志愿者跟骨CT和MRI数据,建立SandersⅢAB型跟骨骨折的三维有限元模型,分别使用三维组架螺钉与环形钢板固定,施加700 N纵向载荷,比较不同模型骨块及内固定应力与位移变化情况。结果 在700 N纵向载荷下,两组模型骨块最大位移以及骨块与内固定最大应力均集中于后距关节面内固定与骨折线相交处。三维组架螺钉模型与环形钢板模型骨块整体位移相近。相较于环形钢板模型,三维组架螺钉模型骨块及内固定的最大应力和平均应力更小,位移与应力变化情况更接近完整跟骨模型。结论 SandersⅢAB型跟骨骨折固定时,三维组架螺钉与环形钢板两种固定方式均能提供良好稳定性。三维组架螺钉的生物力学性能优于环形钢板,更符合生物力学特点。

多块排样方式的二维板材下料优化模型与算法

针对矩形件二维板材剪切下料问题,提出一种多块排样方式的二维板材下料优化模型与求解算法。为了均衡考虑排样方式的计算复杂度和板材利用率,将多块排样方式的块数定为八块。通过3次一分为二剪切操作将板材分割成八个矩形块,并将每个块剪切成方向相同的同种矩形件。构造八块排样的优化模型及算法是按照排样价值最大原则来确定所有可能尺寸的块中矩形件的最优布局和板材的最优八块划分。提出的列生成算法迭代调用上述八块排样算法生成一系列下料方案,选择耗费板材最少的一个下料方案作为最终解。通过采用文献基准例题和实际生产实例验证了本文算法,实验结果表明:八块排样算法的排样价值高于3种文献排样算法,并且,八块排样方式的下料算法板材利用率高于已有文献给出的下料算法。本文给出算法计算时间可满足实际应用需要。

华南地区地幔过渡带结构及其动力学意义

华南地区同时受特提斯构造域和太平洋构造域影响,是研究板块相互作用的最佳场所之一.为研究华南地区深部动力学过程,本文基于国家固定台网30°N以南的宽频带台站数据,利用接收函数方法开展了华南地区地幔过渡带结构研究,并结合已有地质、地球物理资料,讨论了华南地区深部构造单元划分及其浅部构造响应.研究结果表明:(1)扬子克拉通下方地幔过渡带结构接近全球平均水平,相对稳定;(2)海南岛地区地幔过渡带厚度偏薄,且410-km和660-km界面分别显著下沉和上升,可能与海南地幔柱密切相关;(3)太平洋构造域和特提斯构造域深部构造边界显著,青藏高原东南缘主要受特提斯构造域影响,其地幔过渡带中可能残留有拆沉的岩石圈板片;(4)雪峰山以东地区的地幔过渡带主要受太平洋构造域影响,但南北也存在局部差异,南部华夏地块下方可能不存在滞留板片,太平洋板块的俯冲、后撤与东南沿海地区地壳减薄和大规模出露的中-新生代岩浆岩密切相关.

松辽盆地西缘突泉地区晚侏罗世过铝质流纹岩和英云闪长玢岩的发现:从蒙古-鄂霍茨克洋闭合到陆陆碰撞的地质记录

蒙古-鄂霍茨克洋南向俯冲、大洋闭合和陆-陆碰撞是东北亚地区晚中生代的重要区域构造事件,它与本区的岩浆活动、变质作用、成盆和造山作用都密切相关。准确界定洋壳俯冲、大洋闭合和陆-陆碰撞这三个相互关联地质过程的时空范围是客观认识区域构造演化的前提。然而,这项研究通常难以进行,因为很难找到与之相关的合适的地质记录。作者在松辽盆地西缘突泉地区发现从大洋闭合到陆-陆碰撞相关的过铝质流纹岩和英云闪长玢岩,锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年结果显示其结晶年龄分别为156±1Ma和155±1Ma,系晚侏罗世岩浆事件产物。流纹岩和英云闪长玢岩为钙碱性过铝质岩石,具有较高的铝饱和指数A/CNK(1.32~2.13),较低的MgO+FeO T含量(0.96%~3.37%)和FeO T/MgO比值(2.84~5.02),岩矿鉴定表明它们含绢云母等原生和次生高铝矿物,在CIPW标准矿物计算中出现刚玉分子(3.77%~9.65%),结合流纹岩和英云闪长玢岩在花岗岩的S-I-M-A型分类方案相关地球化学图解投影结果,综合表明它们具有过铝质S型花岗岩特征。流纹岩和英云闪长玢岩具有较低的Rb/Sr(0.35~0.55)、Rb/Ba(0.08~0.26)和Al_(2)O_(3)/TiO_(2)(38.41~61.36)比值,表明其原始岩浆源于杂砂岩部分熔融。锆石饱和温度计算表明这两类岩石的岩浆形成温度在837~876℃之间,低于A型花岗岩岩浆形成温度(900℃)。两类岩石富集Rb、Ba、K等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ta、P、Ti等高场强元素,具有较低的Y(5.29×10^(-6)~19.75×10^(-6))、Nb(7.44×10^(-6)~8.50×10^(-6))、Sr(60.6×10^(-6)~154.9×10^(-6))和Yb(0.53×10^(-6)~2.40×10^(-6))含量,具有弧岩浆属性。在Y-Nb图解中流纹岩和英云闪长玢岩投点在火山弧和同碰撞型花岗岩区域内;在Rb/10-Hf-Ta×3图解中投点在火山弧和碰撞型花岗岩区域内;在R1-R2构造判别图解中样品投点在同碰撞和造山期区域内;在Sr-Yb图解中样品投点在地壳加厚区域内。结合全球典型俯冲岛弧和同碰撞酸性岩地球化学特征和同时期本区域岩浆岩成因,表明流纹岩和英云闪长玢岩形成于洋壳俯冲和陆-陆碰撞转换背景,暗示其形成与蒙古-鄂霍茨克茨洋闭合和陆-陆碰撞作用有关。流纹岩(La/Yb)N值为6.62~8.77,指示源区起源深度为40~46km,英云闪长玢岩(La/Yb)N值为7.93~13.39,指示源区起源深度为44~55km,表明在156±1Ma~155±1Ma地壳处于持续加厚过程。结合区域地质资料,构建了蒙古-鄂霍茨克洋从俯冲闭合到陆-陆碰撞的构造-岩浆演化模型。本文认为蒙古-鄂霍茨克构造体系的影响范围到达了松辽盆地西缘突泉地区,156±1Ma~155±1Ma研究区处于大洋闭合到陆-陆碰撞转换阶段。

右膝关节外翻畸形合并陈旧股骨远端骨骺损伤1例

患儿,男,6岁,2018年9月因高处摔伤致右膝肿痛,未予特殊治疗。于2019年4月15日因右膝关节外翻畸形就诊于山东中医药大学附属医院小儿骨科。门诊医师查体及阅片后以右膝关节外翻、陈旧股骨远端骨骺损伤收入院。X线及CT检查(见图1A)显示:右股骨远端骨骺及干骺端形态及密度异常,考虑陈旧骨折。MRI检查显示:右股骨远端骨骺骨折表现,可见骨桥形成。排除手术禁忌证后.

改良上颌斜面导板与Twin-block矫治器在前导下颌中的作用比较

目的:评估改良斜面导板在前导下颌中的作用。方法:选择12例Ⅱ类Ⅱ分类伴下颌后缩患者,设为第1组,男4例,女8例,平均年龄11岁8个月。先采用上颌固定矫治器纠正上前牙内倾,再采用改良上颌斜面导板前导下颌;同时选择12例Ⅱ类Ⅰ分类伴下颌后缩患者,设为第2组,男5例,女7例,平均年龄11岁6个月,采用Twin-block前导下颌;对2组患者前导下颌的疗效通过治疗前后头颅侧位定位片进行评估、对比,采用SAS6.0软件包对数据进行统计学处理。结果:2组患者下颌均向前生长,第1组下前牙唇向倾斜较第2组明显,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);下颌第一磨牙近中向及向的移动,第2组显著大于第1组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:矫治Ⅱ类Ⅱ分类伴下颌后缩的患者,采用改良上颌斜面导板前导下颌不失为一种经济、简化、有效的方法。

基于背景噪声反演华南块体岩石圈三维S波速度结构

利用背景噪声方法,对布设在华南块体及其周边区域数个流动地震台阵中共704个地震台站的连续数据进行分析,反演得到华南岩石圈的三维S波速度结构。结果表明,地表附近S波速度结构与华南块体的地表构造高度相关,低速异常区集中在四川盆地和江汉盆地等沉积层较厚的区域。江南造山带的中上地壳呈现明显的高速异常,该高速异常即为华夏块体与扬子块体的分界区域。华夏块体中地壳低速异常区与该区域广泛分布的中生代花岗岩对应较好。华南上地幔岩石圈的东部与西部存在显著的速度差异,西部呈现显著的高速异常,反映西部四川盆地底部稳固的克拉通结构;上地幔的低速异常揭示华南东部岩石圈因太平洋板块俯冲的影响而明显减薄(<70km)。推测华夏块体以琼州海峡为中心的上地幔显著低速区可能对应海南地幔柱的热物质上涌。

非对称轴向柱塞泵配流副压力脉动特性分析

为了节省功率电传系统的安装空间和重量,需要用泵直接闭环控制差动缸运动,将泵的吸油配流窗口改为2个窗口,以匹配差动缸的面积比。该结构变化导致其压力脉动增大,产生大的振动噪声,为了减小其影响,提出了一种阻尼槽-缓冲容腔-导油槽非对称配流盘结构,针对该结构开展了非对称配流流量特性的内部流场仿真分析,并通过了压力脉动特性试验验证。结果表明了非对称轴向柱塞泵的配流结构设计与仿真的合理性,实现了液压泵的新功能。

邮轮薄板分段吊装线性与非线性分析

采用线性、材料非线性、几何非线性及双非线性方法对一典型邮轮薄板分段结构开展应力、位移的对比分析,并基于补强后的结构模型,开展线性有限元方法适用时极限舾装/结构重量比的计算。结果表明,薄板结构吊装需要考虑双非线性的影响,线性计算的得到应力和位移比双非线性大,采用线性计算的应力进行补强时会造成结构偏安全,对成本控制不利。结构的最大位移是由吊耳与分段连接处的局部刚度决定的,连接处局部刚度越弱,结构的几何非线性越明显。在吊耳与分段连接处补强足够的情况下,分段的舾装/结构重量比低于103%时,可以采用线性分析,但应力偏大约10%。

行李箱外板上段侧整形起皱问题优化

汽车行李箱外板上段的下部与贯穿灯搭接处侧整形时起皱,传统冲压工艺中该处采用5道工序成形,介绍的新工艺采用4道工序完成该处成形,第2道工序对该处进行侧修边,首次侧整形采用阻止材料流入的台阶,避免首次侧整形时起皱;二次侧翻边时通过增加吸皱造型及取消缺口,以保证最终制件的成形质量。

基于改进YOLOv5的镍板表面缺陷检测方法

针对镍板表面缺陷检测智能化程度低的问题,提出了一种基于改进YOLOv5的镍板表面缺陷检测方法。首先,对图像增强后的镍板数据集通过K-means++重新聚类锚框,提高锚框对本文数据集的适应度。其次,在主干网络Backbone中加入CBAM注意力机制,通过空间与通道信息融合来加强对感兴趣区域以及不清晰目标的特征识别。最后,在边界框回归时引入EIoU损失函数代替原CIoU损失函数,有效提高回归收敛速度,从而提高模型检测速度。实验结果表明,在自建的镍板缺陷数据集上,改进后的模型检测准确率高于Faster R-CNN、SSD、YOLOv3、YOLOv5等模型,其平均精度均值达81.4%,检测速度达61帧/s,模型在提高检测精度的同时也很好地满足了对检测速度的要求。

城市轨道交通折返线道岔典型病害及治理策略研究

随着国内城市轨道交通的快速发展和网络化运营,快速、准时、安全、可靠、平稳、舒适已逐渐成为乘客心中轨道交通的代名词,选乘轨道交通也已是居民出行的主要交通方式之一,随之而来的便是客流的不断攀升、行车密度的不断增大和设备运行的高度疲劳,也给轨道交通养修人员带来了严峻的挑战。本文主要探讨了作为轨道交通行车关键设备之一的终点站折返道岔会出现的主要典型病害类型,多方面分析了病害产生的原因、机理,并现场整改探索,验证总结了多种可行的整治措施。

Structure of the Upper Mantle and Transition Zone Beneath the South China Block Imaged by Finite Frequency Tomography

We applied the finite frequency tomography method to S wave data recorded by 350 broadband stations beneath the South China Block（SCB） and its surroundings from earthquakes occurring between July 2007 and July 2010,to better understand upper mantle deformation.Differential travel-times in the pair of stations with appropriate weighting for each station are used in the inversion.Our results are consistent with previous tomography that show a high velocity anomaly beneath the Sichuan basin and a high velocity anomaly in the transition zone beneath the Yangtze Craton.However,the resolution of mantle heterogeneity provides new insight into the tectonic framework of subduction of Burmese lithosphere in the west part of the study region and subduction of oceanic lithosphere in the east.In the subduction realm,west of 107°E,a significant fast S-wave anomaly is located on the southeast of Sichuan Basin.East of 107°E,and two narrow and discontinuous fast S-wave anomalies occur at a depth of 400-600 km beneath the middle of the South China block overlain by the pronounced low S-wave anomalies at a depth of 100 and 400 km.If the fast anomalies located in the mantle transition zone represent stagnant slabs,their fragmented nature may suggest that they could be produced by different episodes of subduction beneath western Pacific island and the above slow velocity anomaly may associated with the back-arc regions of ongoing subduction.In addition,tomography also reveals an anomalously high S-wave velocity continental root extends eastward to a depth 400 km beneath the eastern Sichuan Basin.This anomaly may be related to eastern extrusion of Indian lithosphere associated with the collision of India and Eurasia.Moreover,our results also show large slow anomalies beneath the Red River fault region connected to deeper anomalies beneath the South China Fold Belt and South China Sea.AH these observations are consistent with the scenario that the South China block has been built by both of subduction of Paleopacific plate and eastward subduction of Burma microplate.

The northern Qiangtang Block rapid drift during the Triassic Period:Paleomagnetic evidence

As one of the pivotal Gondwana-derived blocks,the kinematic history of the northern Qiangtang Block(in the Tibetan Plateau)remains unclear,mainly because quantitative paleomagnetic data to determine the paleoposition are sparse.Thus,for this study,we collected 226 samples(17 sites)from Triassic sedimentary rocks in the Raggyorcaka and Tuotuohe areas of the northern Qiangtang Block(NQB).Stepwise demagnetization isolated high temperature/field components from the samples.Both Early and Late Triassic datasets passed field tests at a 99%confidence level and were proved to be primary origins.Paleopoles were calculated to be at 24.9°N and 216.5°E with A95=8.2°(N=8)for the Early Triassic dataset,and at 68.1 N,179.9 E with A(95)=5.6°(N=37)for the Late Triassic,the latter being combined with a coeval volcanic dataset published previously.These paleopoles correspond to paleolatitudes of14.3°S±8.2°and 29.9 N15.6°,respectively.Combining previously published results,we reconstructed a three-stage northward drift process for the NQB.(1)The northern Qiangtang Block was located in the subtropical part of the southern hemisphere until the Early Triassic;(2)thereafter,the block rapidly drifted northward from southern to northern hemispheres during the Triassic;and(3)the block converged with the Eurasian continent in the Late Triassic.The^4800 km northward movement from the Early to Late Triassic corresponded to an average motion rate of^11.85 cm/yr.The rapid drift of the NQB after the Early Triassic led to a rapid transformation of the Tethys Ocean.