The objective is to develop a model considering demand dependent on selling price and deterioration occurs after a certain period of time, which follows two-parameter Weibull distribution. Shortages are allowed and fu...The objective is to develop a model considering demand dependent on selling price and deterioration occurs after a certain period of time, which follows two-parameter Weibull distribution. Shortages are allowed and fully backlogged. Fuzzy optimal solution is obtained by considering hexagonal fuzzy numbers and for defuzzification Graded Mean Integration Representation Method. A numerical example is provided for the illustration of crisp and fuzzy, both models. To observe the effect of changes in parameters, sensitivity analysis is carried out.展开更多
Traditionally,food sustainability has been considered solely in the stage of agricultural production.However,globalization,the expansion of the food production industry,and the emergence of supermarket chains that con...Traditionally,food sustainability has been considered solely in the stage of agricultural production.However,globalization,the expansion of the food production industry,and the emergence of supermarket chains that control the retail food market require specific significant changes in supply chains in the food sector and,therefore,we need to address the economic,social,and environmental impacts of these events.On the other hand,social selling has increased rapidly in recent years,with a further boom,following current events related to the coronavirus disease(COVID-19).This explosion of social sales,where there are usually no control and regulation entities,can bring problems associated with mishandling items.In this paper,we expose how Blockchain technology supports the traceability of social sales by validating the data provided by the chain participants such as digital health passports,production and transport data in the sale process;the proposed solution generates recommendations on productmanagement considering the agreements previously made by the network actors.To evaluate the proposed smart contracts,we useHyperledger Caliper,obtaining an average throughput of 12.6 transactions per second and an average latency of 0.3 s for the asset update process.We also use a study case to evaluate the proposed project platform’s selling-transport stage using Internet of Things(IoT)sensors.展开更多
Understanding the economic feasibility of cross-laminated timber(CLT),an emerging and sustainable alternative to concrete and steel,is critical for the rapid expansion of the mass timber industry.However,previous stud...Understanding the economic feasibility of cross-laminated timber(CLT),an emerging and sustainable alternative to concrete and steel,is critical for the rapid expansion of the mass timber industry.However,previous studies on economic performance of CLT have not fully considered the variations in the feedstock,plant capacities,manu-facturing parameters,and capital and operating costs.This study fills this gap by developing a techno-economic analysis of producing CLT panels in the Southern United States.The effects of those variations on minimum sell-ing price(MSP)of CLT panels are explored by Monte Carlo simulation.The results show that,across all the plant capacities from 30,000 to 150,000 m^(3)/year,the MSP ranges from$345 to$609/m^(3) with a±6%–9%range caused by the variations in feedstocks,key manufacturing parameters,capital and operating cost.The MSP decreases sig-nificantly along the increasing capacities.A sensitivity analysis exhibits that the lumber price,lumber preparing loss,plant capacity,and the installed costs of layering and gluing,finishing,and miscellaneous,are the top driving factors to CLT MSP.Supported by Geographic Information System,this study also studies the transportation cost of delivering CLT to customers under three CLT demanding levels(1%,5%,15%).The results show that the trans-portation cost is 1%–8%of the MSP.Lower demanding level or higher plant capacity can increase the transporta-tion cost due to average longer delivering distance.When considering the delivered cost that sums MSP and transportation cost,larger plant capacity does not necessarily generate lower delivered cost.展开更多
A new round of reform of the power system conforms to the national development of the energy revolution and the reform of the electricity market system. As an important promoter of the energy revolution and power refo...A new round of reform of the power system conforms to the national development of the energy revolution and the reform of the electricity market system. As an important promoter of the energy revolution and power reform, a new round of power system reform has brought profound changes to the energy industry and the power industry and the electricity market system has changed dramatically. With the release of the electricity market, market competition intensified. This paper analyzes the competition strategy of electricity sales market, analyzes the characteristics of market participants such as power generation enterprises, power grid enterprises, electricity sales companies and users, and puts forward the corresponding coping strategies to help the market participants to deal with the opportunities and challenges brought by power system reform, provide guidance and reference for the market participants.展开更多
In 2010,the garlic,bean and ginger became more expensive than ever,which made some people's life harder.In response to such phenomena,the retail price and wholesale price at the producers' end,the retail price...In 2010,the garlic,bean and ginger became more expensive than ever,which made some people's life harder.In response to such phenomena,the retail price and wholesale price at the producers' end,the retail price and wholesale price at distributors' end,and consumption related data(disposable income,consumption expenditure,fresh vegetables amount from 2004 to 2011 were compared and analyzed in this paper.Results showed that the average price(selling price,wholesale price and retail price) of five kinds of vegetables generally rose.There was certain differences in the price change range.Since 2004,especially in 2009 the vegetable prices had been so high that it had influenced the life of low income families in China.展开更多
Glencore Xstrata is selling its Las Bambas copper mine project to China’s MMG for at least $5.85bn,underscoring China’s continued demand for commodities to feed industrial growth and bolstering the balance sheet of ...Glencore Xstrata is selling its Las Bambas copper mine project to China’s MMG for at least $5.85bn,underscoring China’s continued demand for commodities to feed industrial growth and bolstering the balance sheet of the resources group,according to Financial Times.This deal is finished by a consortium formed by MMG。展开更多
The authors performed economic assessment of producing biodiesel at pilot scale using used cooking oil as feed-oil in a Bio-Pro 380 EX biodiesel reactor. The overall results suggest that the biodiesel production using...The authors performed economic assessment of producing biodiesel at pilot scale using used cooking oil as feed-oil in a Bio-Pro 380 EX biodiesel reactor. The overall results suggest that the biodiesel production using used cooking oil is a viable project even at large or medium scale. The payback period for producing biodiesel at a pilot scale of 31,320 liters per year was 1.5 years, which was 1 month longer than the payback period for a large plant capacity of 66,000 liters per year. The study demonstrated that the unit selling price and unit production cost are sensitive to the economic feasibility of biodiesel production, since price variations of BWP 1 result in at least a 13% increase and 12% decrease in profit, respectively. The study further revealed that feed-oil (used cooking oil) was the most expensive among all the inputs accounting for 61%, followed by methanol and direct labour with 19% and 13% respectively. The overall energy recorded to produce approximately 360 liters of biodiesel contributed to 2% only, suggesting that Bio-Pro 380 EX biodiesel reactor is relatively a low energy intensity processor. The situation is suitable for the promotion of biodiesel particularly in countries where initiatives to stimulate the development of biofuels are at its infant stage Botswana included.展开更多
if you like在英语口语里出现的频率很高。它有两个最基本的含义。一、“如果你高兴的话”(if you please),用于表示同意一请求或建议。如: 1.We can go out if you like.如果你高兴的话,我们可以出去。 2.I will come if you like.如...if you like在英语口语里出现的频率很高。它有两个最基本的含义。一、“如果你高兴的话”(if you please),用于表示同意一请求或建议。如: 1.We can go out if you like.如果你高兴的话,我们可以出去。 2.I will come if you like.如果你高兴的话,我愿意来。二、“打个比方说吧”(as an example which may help you),用于向某人解释某事,让对方更好地理解。如:展开更多
American business gets its capital(money for business)by selling stocks and bonds,or shares of a company.In theUnited States,the sale of securities(stocks and bonds)takesplace mainly on Wall Street in New York City.The
At the insistance of a reporter, a wealthy man finally decided to reveal the secret of his success. 'I first became rich selling homing pigeons,' he explained. 'Really? ' replied the amazed reporter. &...At the insistance of a reporter, a wealthy man finally decided to reveal the secret of his success. 'I first became rich selling homing pigeons,' he explained. 'Really? ' replied the amazed reporter. 'How many did you start with? '展开更多
1.A spoiled boy destroyed a toy for joy.一个被宠坏的男孩损坏玩具只为了寻开心。2.Mrs Shelling’s selling six sick six-shilling sheep.史奈林太太在卖六只六先令一只的病绵羊。3.Joe and I don’t know why Joan showed a yello...1.A spoiled boy destroyed a toy for joy.一个被宠坏的男孩损坏玩具只为了寻开心。2.Mrs Shelling’s selling six sick six-shilling sheep.史奈林太太在卖六只六先令一只的病绵羊。3.Joe and I don’t know why Joan showed a yellow coat to the goatin the snow.展开更多
A man was selling 'unbreakable' combs in front of a departmentstore. To convince even the last skeptic. he bent the two ends of onecomb together. There was a loud crack, and the salesman was left
文摘The objective is to develop a model considering demand dependent on selling price and deterioration occurs after a certain period of time, which follows two-parameter Weibull distribution. Shortages are allowed and fully backlogged. Fuzzy optimal solution is obtained by considering hexagonal fuzzy numbers and for defuzzification Graded Mean Integration Representation Method. A numerical example is provided for the illustration of crisp and fuzzy, both models. To observe the effect of changes in parameters, sensitivity analysis is carried out.
基金The authors are grateful to the Telematics Engineering Group(GIT)and the Research Group for Rural Development(Tull)of the University of Cauca,and the Ministry of Science Technology and Innovation of Colombia(Minciencias)for the Ph.D.support granted to Cristian Valencia Payan,as well as the Project“Estrategias para la valorización de los dulces tradicionales de Popayán”(Código:110380863995)founded by Minciencias-Colombia(Contrato 127-2019).
文摘Traditionally,food sustainability has been considered solely in the stage of agricultural production.However,globalization,the expansion of the food production industry,and the emergence of supermarket chains that control the retail food market require specific significant changes in supply chains in the food sector and,therefore,we need to address the economic,social,and environmental impacts of these events.On the other hand,social selling has increased rapidly in recent years,with a further boom,following current events related to the coronavirus disease(COVID-19).This explosion of social sales,where there are usually no control and regulation entities,can bring problems associated with mishandling items.In this paper,we expose how Blockchain technology supports the traceability of social sales by validating the data provided by the chain participants such as digital health passports,production and transport data in the sale process;the proposed solution generates recommendations on productmanagement considering the agreements previously made by the network actors.To evaluate the proposed smart contracts,we useHyperledger Caliper,obtaining an average throughput of 12.6 transactions per second and an average latency of 0.3 s for the asset update process.We also use a study case to evaluate the proposed project platform’s selling-transport stage using Internet of Things(IoT)sensors.
文摘Understanding the economic feasibility of cross-laminated timber(CLT),an emerging and sustainable alternative to concrete and steel,is critical for the rapid expansion of the mass timber industry.However,previous studies on economic performance of CLT have not fully considered the variations in the feedstock,plant capacities,manu-facturing parameters,and capital and operating costs.This study fills this gap by developing a techno-economic analysis of producing CLT panels in the Southern United States.The effects of those variations on minimum sell-ing price(MSP)of CLT panels are explored by Monte Carlo simulation.The results show that,across all the plant capacities from 30,000 to 150,000 m^(3)/year,the MSP ranges from$345 to$609/m^(3) with a±6%–9%range caused by the variations in feedstocks,key manufacturing parameters,capital and operating cost.The MSP decreases sig-nificantly along the increasing capacities.A sensitivity analysis exhibits that the lumber price,lumber preparing loss,plant capacity,and the installed costs of layering and gluing,finishing,and miscellaneous,are the top driving factors to CLT MSP.Supported by Geographic Information System,this study also studies the transportation cost of delivering CLT to customers under three CLT demanding levels(1%,5%,15%).The results show that the trans-portation cost is 1%–8%of the MSP.Lower demanding level or higher plant capacity can increase the transporta-tion cost due to average longer delivering distance.When considering the delivered cost that sums MSP and transportation cost,larger plant capacity does not necessarily generate lower delivered cost.
文摘A new round of reform of the power system conforms to the national development of the energy revolution and the reform of the electricity market system. As an important promoter of the energy revolution and power reform, a new round of power system reform has brought profound changes to the energy industry and the power industry and the electricity market system has changed dramatically. With the release of the electricity market, market competition intensified. This paper analyzes the competition strategy of electricity sales market, analyzes the characteristics of market participants such as power generation enterprises, power grid enterprises, electricity sales companies and users, and puts forward the corresponding coping strategies to help the market participants to deal with the opportunities and challenges brought by power system reform, provide guidance and reference for the market participants.
基金Supported by Modern Agricultural Industrial Technological System in Shandong Province[Shandong Agriculture Science and Technology No.(2010)33]
文摘In 2010,the garlic,bean and ginger became more expensive than ever,which made some people's life harder.In response to such phenomena,the retail price and wholesale price at the producers' end,the retail price and wholesale price at distributors' end,and consumption related data(disposable income,consumption expenditure,fresh vegetables amount from 2004 to 2011 were compared and analyzed in this paper.Results showed that the average price(selling price,wholesale price and retail price) of five kinds of vegetables generally rose.There was certain differences in the price change range.Since 2004,especially in 2009 the vegetable prices had been so high that it had influenced the life of low income families in China.
文摘Glencore Xstrata is selling its Las Bambas copper mine project to China’s MMG for at least $5.85bn,underscoring China’s continued demand for commodities to feed industrial growth and bolstering the balance sheet of the resources group,according to Financial Times.This deal is finished by a consortium formed by MMG。
文摘The authors performed economic assessment of producing biodiesel at pilot scale using used cooking oil as feed-oil in a Bio-Pro 380 EX biodiesel reactor. The overall results suggest that the biodiesel production using used cooking oil is a viable project even at large or medium scale. The payback period for producing biodiesel at a pilot scale of 31,320 liters per year was 1.5 years, which was 1 month longer than the payback period for a large plant capacity of 66,000 liters per year. The study demonstrated that the unit selling price and unit production cost are sensitive to the economic feasibility of biodiesel production, since price variations of BWP 1 result in at least a 13% increase and 12% decrease in profit, respectively. The study further revealed that feed-oil (used cooking oil) was the most expensive among all the inputs accounting for 61%, followed by methanol and direct labour with 19% and 13% respectively. The overall energy recorded to produce approximately 360 liters of biodiesel contributed to 2% only, suggesting that Bio-Pro 380 EX biodiesel reactor is relatively a low energy intensity processor. The situation is suitable for the promotion of biodiesel particularly in countries where initiatives to stimulate the development of biofuels are at its infant stage Botswana included.
文摘if you like在英语口语里出现的频率很高。它有两个最基本的含义。一、“如果你高兴的话”(if you please),用于表示同意一请求或建议。如: 1.We can go out if you like.如果你高兴的话,我们可以出去。 2.I will come if you like.如果你高兴的话,我愿意来。二、“打个比方说吧”(as an example which may help you),用于向某人解释某事,让对方更好地理解。如:
文摘American business gets its capital(money for business)by selling stocks and bonds,or shares of a company.In theUnited States,the sale of securities(stocks and bonds)takesplace mainly on Wall Street in New York City.The
文摘At the insistance of a reporter, a wealthy man finally decided to reveal the secret of his success. 'I first became rich selling homing pigeons,' he explained. 'Really? ' replied the amazed reporter. 'How many did you start with? '
文摘1.A spoiled boy destroyed a toy for joy.一个被宠坏的男孩损坏玩具只为了寻开心。2.Mrs Shelling’s selling six sick six-shilling sheep.史奈林太太在卖六只六先令一只的病绵羊。3.Joe and I don’t know why Joan showed a yellow coat to the goatin the snow.
文摘A man was selling 'unbreakable' combs in front of a departmentstore. To convince even the last skeptic. he bent the two ends of onecomb together. There was a loud crack, and the salesman was left
