微波功率模块(Microwave Power Module,MPM)是电真空发射机的发展方向之一,目前MPM饱和功率量级在百瓦量级。为保障系统工作稳定性和判断MPM的输出能效,需要MPM具有实时监测输出功率的能力。文章提出了一种在行波管输出端增加耦合口的...微波功率模块(Microwave Power Module,MPM)是电真空发射机的发展方向之一,目前MPM饱和功率量级在百瓦量级。为保障系统工作稳定性和判断MPM的输出能效,需要MPM具有实时监测输出功率的能力。文章提出了一种在行波管输出端增加耦合口的方案来监测输出功率。相比传统通过定向耦合器测试功率的方案,该方案具有高效率、小型化、低成本、高可靠性等特点。展开更多
Semi-floating ring bearing（SFRB） is developed to control the vibration of turbocharger rotor. The outer clearance of SFRB affects the magnitude and frequency of nonlinear whirl motion, which is significant for the d...Semi-floating ring bearing（SFRB） is developed to control the vibration of turbocharger rotor. The outer clearance of SFRB affects the magnitude and frequency of nonlinear whirl motion, which is significant for the design of turbocharger. In order to explore the effects of outer clearance, a transient finite element analysis program for rotor and oil film bearing is built and validated by a published experimental case. The nonlinear dynamic behaviors ofrotor-SFRB system are simulated. According to the simulation results, two representative subsynchronous oscillations excited by the two hearings respectively are discovered. As the outer clearance of SFRB increases from 24 ~tm to 60 pro, the low-frequency subsynchronous oscillation experiences three steps, including a strong start, a gradual recession and a combination with the other one. At the same time, the high-frequency subsynchronous oscillation starts to appear gradually, then strengthens, and finally combines. If gravity and unbalance are neglected, the combination will start starts from high rotor speed and extents to low rotor speed, just like a ＂zipper＂. It is found from the quantitative analysis that when the outer clearance increases, the vibration amplitude experiences large value firstly, then reduction, and suddenly increasing after combination. A useful design principle of SFRB outer clearance for minimum vibration amplitude is proposed： the outer clearance value should be chosen to keep the frequency of two subsynchronous oscillations clearly separated and their amplitudes close.展开更多
The critical speed and unbalance response of a small vehicle gasoline turbocharger in semi-floating bearing are analyzed.The dynamical characters of semi-floating bush bearing used in small vehicle gasoline turbocharg...The critical speed and unbalance response of a small vehicle gasoline turbocharger in semi-floating bearing are analyzed.The dynamical characters of semi-floating bush bearing used in small vehicle gasoline turbocharger were summarized by comparing the structure and shaft rigid mode of semi-floating bush bearings with those of floating bush bearings.The rotor model was built.The first,second and third mode of critical speeds of rotor system were computed,and the changes in the compressor or turbine bushing bearing clearances were analyzed.Compared with the experiment data,the accuracy and the rationality of computation model were verified.The unbalance response and time transient rotor response were also computed.展开更多
Based on a bionic concept and combing air-cushion techniques and track driving mechanisms, a novel semi-floating hybrid concept vehicle is proposed to meet the transportation requirements on soft terrain. First, the v...Based on a bionic concept and combing air-cushion techniques and track driving mechanisms, a novel semi-floating hybrid concept vehicle is proposed to meet the transportation requirements on soft terrain. First, the vehicle scheme and its improved duel-spring flexible suspension design are described. Then, its fuel consumption model is proposed accordingly with respect to two vehicle operating parameters. Aiming at minimizing the fuel consumption, two Genetic Algorithms （GAs） are designed and implemented. For the initial one （GA-1）, despite getting an acceptable result, there still existed some problems in its optimiza- tion process. Based on an analysis of the defects of GA-1, an improved algorithm GA-2 was developed whose effectiveness and stability were embodied in the optimization process and results. The proposed design scheme and optimization approaches can provide valuable references for this new kind of vehicle with industry, military or scientific exploitations, etc. promising applications in the areas of agriculture, petroleum industry, military or scientific explaitations, etc.展开更多
载荷装备通过软土地面会引起了软土地面的变形,车轮侵入软土的深度是软土地面装备通行性评估的重要参数。本文提出了连续-非连续单元法(Continuum-discontinuum Element Method,CDEM)与物质点法(Material Point Meth⁃od,MPM)耦合的数值...载荷装备通过软土地面会引起了软土地面的变形,车轮侵入软土的深度是软土地面装备通行性评估的重要参数。本文提出了连续-非连续单元法(Continuum-discontinuum Element Method,CDEM)与物质点法(Material Point Meth⁃od,MPM)耦合的数值计算方法,建立了车轮-软土地面耦合模型,模拟了车轮和软土地面相互作用过程,定量分析车轮载重、软土弹性模量、软土强度参数(黏聚力、摩擦角)与软土表面压应力、侵入深度等参数之间的关系,获得车轮侵入软土深度的变化规律。研究表明:软土侵入深度与车轮载重接近线性正相关,相对改变量约为179%;与弹性模量非线性负相关,相对改变量约为23%;与强度参数非线性负相关,相对改变量约为164%。当车轮载重一定时,非线性变化的车轮侵入深度对软土强度参数更敏感。建立强度参数(黏聚力、摩擦角)和侵入深度变化的三维关系,可为软土地面装备通行性评估中现场待测的关键参数提供理论依据。展开更多
Excessive fusel alcohol contents will cause the beer to produce off-flavors and cause dizziness and headaches.Reducing the contents of fusel alcohols in beer is very important to people's health.The excessive fuse...Excessive fusel alcohol contents will cause the beer to produce off-flavors and cause dizziness and headaches.Reducing the contents of fusel alcohols in beer is very important to people's health.The excessive fusel alcohol contents in beer is a common problem in the industry.How to control the contents of fusel alcohols in a reasonable range is of great significance for improving beer quality.After one round of ultraviolet(UV)and one round of multifunctional plasma mutagenesis system(MPMS)mutagenesis,the yeast strains with lower fusel oil yield and more stablility could be screened.According to the relationship between the fusel alcohol Harris metabolic pathway of brewer's yeast and lactic acid metabolism,excellent strains were obtained by triple screening with lactic acid medium,calcium carbonate medium and 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride upper medium.The content of fusel alcohol in the finished beer fermentation test of screened strain Z43 was 52.1±0.142 mg•L^(-1),which was 43%lower than that of the starting strain,and other fermentation properties remained unchanged.After eight passages,it was verified that the strain was stable and heritable.These results showed that strain Z43 presented promising characteristics for use in the production of beer with a potentially low contents of fusel alcohols.展开更多
针对制造企业工时定额信息化管理需求,提出基于标准工序体系的工时定额快速、准确核定方法。通过建立标准工序库,梳理影响标准工序工时测算的生产特征与生产因素,提炼影响工时核算的时间因子;根据作业人员、作业工具及作业环境等因素对...针对制造企业工时定额信息化管理需求,提出基于标准工序体系的工时定额快速、准确核定方法。通过建立标准工序库,梳理影响标准工序工时测算的生产特征与生产因素,提炼影响工时核算的时间因子;根据作业人员、作业工具及作业环境等因素对工时的影响,制定宽放系数;结合标准工时定额核算经验,形成工时定额计算公式。并基于制造过程管理(Manufacturing Process Management,MPM)系统,开发了工时核定模块,实现了工时快速、准确、实时核定及其与下游MES端生产信息的无缝衔接,为工时核算、计划排产提供了依据。展开更多
基于MATLAB矢量化的物质点法(material point method,MPM)框架,分析车身前防撞梁的碰撞冲击问题。MPM在每一迭代步将物理参数在物质点和背景网格间相互映射,使用MATLAB矢量化框架可以使用户在快速入门的同时保证求解效率,其应力更新采...基于MATLAB矢量化的物质点法(material point method,MPM)框架,分析车身前防撞梁的碰撞冲击问题。MPM在每一迭代步将物理参数在物质点和背景网格间相互映射,使用MATLAB矢量化框架可以使用户在快速入门的同时保证求解效率,其应力更新采用车身结构材料的弹塑性本构模型。前防撞梁碰撞冲击数值算例结果表明,MPM可以保证求解精度,同时矢量化技术可以大幅提高求解效率。展开更多
文摘微波功率模块(Microwave Power Module,MPM)是电真空发射机的发展方向之一,目前MPM饱和功率量级在百瓦量级。为保障系统工作稳定性和判断MPM的输出能效,需要MPM具有实时监测输出功率的能力。文章提出了一种在行波管输出端增加耦合口的方案来监测输出功率。相比传统通过定向耦合器测试功率的方案,该方案具有高效率、小型化、低成本、高可靠性等特点。
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No51506108)
文摘Semi-floating ring bearing（SFRB） is developed to control the vibration of turbocharger rotor. The outer clearance of SFRB affects the magnitude and frequency of nonlinear whirl motion, which is significant for the design of turbocharger. In order to explore the effects of outer clearance, a transient finite element analysis program for rotor and oil film bearing is built and validated by a published experimental case. The nonlinear dynamic behaviors ofrotor-SFRB system are simulated. According to the simulation results, two representative subsynchronous oscillations excited by the two hearings respectively are discovered. As the outer clearance of SFRB increases from 24 ~tm to 60 pro, the low-frequency subsynchronous oscillation experiences three steps, including a strong start, a gradual recession and a combination with the other one. At the same time, the high-frequency subsynchronous oscillation starts to appear gradually, then strengthens, and finally combines. If gravity and unbalance are neglected, the combination will start starts from high rotor speed and extents to low rotor speed, just like a ＂zipper＂. It is found from the quantitative analysis that when the outer clearance increases, the vibration amplitude experiences large value firstly, then reduction, and suddenly increasing after combination. A useful design principle of SFRB outer clearance for minimum vibration amplitude is proposed： the outer clearance value should be chosen to keep the frequency of two subsynchronous oscillations clearly separated and their amplitudes close.
基金Supported by Turbocharging Laboratory of Beijing Institute of Technology(1030040610016)
文摘The critical speed and unbalance response of a small vehicle gasoline turbocharger in semi-floating bearing are analyzed.The dynamical characters of semi-floating bush bearing used in small vehicle gasoline turbocharger were summarized by comparing the structure and shaft rigid mode of semi-floating bush bearings with those of floating bush bearings.The rotor model was built.The first,second and third mode of critical speeds of rotor system were computed,and the changes in the compressor or turbine bushing bearing clearances were analyzed.Compared with the experiment data,the accuracy and the rationality of computation model were verified.The unbalance response and time transient rotor response were also computed.
文摘Based on a bionic concept and combing air-cushion techniques and track driving mechanisms, a novel semi-floating hybrid concept vehicle is proposed to meet the transportation requirements on soft terrain. First, the vehicle scheme and its improved duel-spring flexible suspension design are described. Then, its fuel consumption model is proposed accordingly with respect to two vehicle operating parameters. Aiming at minimizing the fuel consumption, two Genetic Algorithms （GAs） are designed and implemented. For the initial one （GA-1）, despite getting an acceptable result, there still existed some problems in its optimiza- tion process. Based on an analysis of the defects of GA-1, an improved algorithm GA-2 was developed whose effectiveness and stability were embodied in the optimization process and results. The proposed design scheme and optimization approaches can provide valuable references for this new kind of vehicle with industry, military or scientific exploitations, etc. promising applications in the areas of agriculture, petroleum industry, military or scientific explaitations, etc.
文摘载荷装备通过软土地面会引起了软土地面的变形,车轮侵入软土的深度是软土地面装备通行性评估的重要参数。本文提出了连续-非连续单元法(Continuum-discontinuum Element Method,CDEM)与物质点法(Material Point Meth⁃od,MPM)耦合的数值计算方法,建立了车轮-软土地面耦合模型,模拟了车轮和软土地面相互作用过程,定量分析车轮载重、软土弹性模量、软土强度参数(黏聚力、摩擦角)与软土表面压应力、侵入深度等参数之间的关系,获得车轮侵入软土深度的变化规律。研究表明:软土侵入深度与车轮载重接近线性正相关,相对改变量约为179%;与弹性模量非线性负相关,相对改变量约为23%;与强度参数非线性负相关,相对改变量约为164%。当车轮载重一定时,非线性变化的车轮侵入深度对软土强度参数更敏感。建立强度参数(黏聚力、摩擦角)和侵入深度变化的三维关系,可为软土地面装备通行性评估中现场待测的关键参数提供理论依据。
基金Supported by Heilongjiang Natural Science Foundation Joint Guide Project(LH2019C022)。
文摘Excessive fusel alcohol contents will cause the beer to produce off-flavors and cause dizziness and headaches.Reducing the contents of fusel alcohols in beer is very important to people's health.The excessive fusel alcohol contents in beer is a common problem in the industry.How to control the contents of fusel alcohols in a reasonable range is of great significance for improving beer quality.After one round of ultraviolet(UV)and one round of multifunctional plasma mutagenesis system(MPMS)mutagenesis,the yeast strains with lower fusel oil yield and more stablility could be screened.According to the relationship between the fusel alcohol Harris metabolic pathway of brewer's yeast and lactic acid metabolism,excellent strains were obtained by triple screening with lactic acid medium,calcium carbonate medium and 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride upper medium.The content of fusel alcohol in the finished beer fermentation test of screened strain Z43 was 52.1±0.142 mg•L^(-1),which was 43%lower than that of the starting strain,and other fermentation properties remained unchanged.After eight passages,it was verified that the strain was stable and heritable.These results showed that strain Z43 presented promising characteristics for use in the production of beer with a potentially low contents of fusel alcohols.
文摘针对制造企业工时定额信息化管理需求,提出基于标准工序体系的工时定额快速、准确核定方法。通过建立标准工序库,梳理影响标准工序工时测算的生产特征与生产因素,提炼影响工时核算的时间因子;根据作业人员、作业工具及作业环境等因素对工时的影响,制定宽放系数;结合标准工时定额核算经验,形成工时定额计算公式。并基于制造过程管理(Manufacturing Process Management,MPM)系统,开发了工时核定模块,实现了工时快速、准确、实时核定及其与下游MES端生产信息的无缝衔接,为工时核算、计划排产提供了依据。
文摘基于MATLAB矢量化的物质点法(material point method,MPM)框架,分析车身前防撞梁的碰撞冲击问题。MPM在每一迭代步将物理参数在物质点和背景网格间相互映射,使用MATLAB矢量化框架可以使用户在快速入门的同时保证求解效率,其应力更新采用车身结构材料的弹塑性本构模型。前防撞梁碰撞冲击数值算例结果表明,MPM可以保证求解精度,同时矢量化技术可以大幅提高求解效率。
