Soil erosion studies around houses in four communities in Ghana were carried out from August to November, 2010. Thirty houses were selected from each of the four communities for the study. Measurements of slope and th...Soil erosion studies around houses in four communities in Ghana were carried out from August to November, 2010. Thirty houses were selected from each of the four communities for the study. Measurements of slope and the depth of exposed foundation of houses were done with the help of a string and a tape measure. Data were also obtained through questionnaire and interview of house owners. The Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to measure some relationships among data. In the selection of site for building a house, higher percentage of the house owners considered no factor. The major cleaning activity around the surrounding of houses was noted to be sweeping with a broom. All the houses in the communities had their foundations exposed, 57% - 93% of the houses had exposed foundations up to a level within 51 - 100 cm which was classified as “Severely Exposed”. The extent of building foundation exposed by soil erosion was found to be positively correlated with the age of building and the slope of the land. Most of the respondents controlled soil erosion by blocking water ways with materials such as, sand heaps, stones and sacks filled with soil. Only 10% of the respondents from one of the communities planted grasses around their houses to control soil erosion. Communities need to be educated to plant grasses around their houses to beautify the surroundings and to control soil erosion.展开更多
Two practical crawlspace heating systems introduced in detached houses have been chosen as a field study. One is the crawlspace warm air heating system and the other is the crawlspace hot water circulation system. Bas...Two practical crawlspace heating systems introduced in detached houses have been chosen as a field study. One is the crawlspace warm air heating system and the other is the crawlspace hot water circulation system. Based on the field study result, by using the simulation sol, ware, THERB, the effectiveness of the crawlspace warm air heating system has been examined. The effect of the factors, such as the wind amount circulating between crawlspace and indoor space, foundation insulation condition, and heat amount into the crawlspace, on the indoor thermal environment has been analyzed. Based on these analyses, the measured crawlspace heating system can make the average temperature of the living room above 20℃. These two houses have excellent thermal environment. According to the simulating result, heat amount input into crawlspace, which can make comfortable indoor thermal environment, for every month in heating period has been roughly concluded, and they are 600 W in December and March and 800 W in February and January, respectively.展开更多
This article analyzes creation methods of automated design system, presents design system of a house foundation from blocks. The creation methods of automated design system of a house foundation from blocks are discov...This article analyzes creation methods of automated design system, presents design system of a house foundation from blocks. The creation methods of automated design system of a house foundation from blocks are discovered with Unified Modeling Language. Analyzed objects-classes: block, specification, model. Graphical system can design foundation, form specification of objects and create 3D model of house foundation. There are several types and different dimensions of concrete blocks. The program optimally arranges selected blocks so that monolithic parts will be minimal volume. Program selects a house foundation blocks from database by using ActiveX Data Objects technology, which by programming method connects drawing and database. Drawing's graphical objects have additional data from which exchange of data between graphical system and database is executed. Visualization system and example of house foundation from blocks project with specifications is presented. Creation problems of automated design system are discussed and conclusions are made.展开更多
现代房屋建筑具有施工面积大、楼层高等特征,而建筑信息模型(Building Information Modeling,BIM)技术作为目前最先进的信息技术,与房屋建筑工程项目相互结合,能促进基础施工技术向标准化方向推进。基于此,全面分析BIM技术在房屋建筑工...现代房屋建筑具有施工面积大、楼层高等特征,而建筑信息模型(Building Information Modeling,BIM)技术作为目前最先进的信息技术,与房屋建筑工程项目相互结合,能促进基础施工技术向标准化方向推进。基于此,全面分析BIM技术在房屋建筑工程地基建设方面的应用价值,以全面提高地基建设的效率。展开更多
文摘Soil erosion studies around houses in four communities in Ghana were carried out from August to November, 2010. Thirty houses were selected from each of the four communities for the study. Measurements of slope and the depth of exposed foundation of houses were done with the help of a string and a tape measure. Data were also obtained through questionnaire and interview of house owners. The Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to measure some relationships among data. In the selection of site for building a house, higher percentage of the house owners considered no factor. The major cleaning activity around the surrounding of houses was noted to be sweeping with a broom. All the houses in the communities had their foundations exposed, 57% - 93% of the houses had exposed foundations up to a level within 51 - 100 cm which was classified as “Severely Exposed”. The extent of building foundation exposed by soil erosion was found to be positively correlated with the age of building and the slope of the land. Most of the respondents controlled soil erosion by blocking water ways with materials such as, sand heaps, stones and sacks filled with soil. Only 10% of the respondents from one of the communities planted grasses around their houses to control soil erosion. Communities need to be educated to plant grasses around their houses to beautify the surroundings and to control soil erosion.
基金Project(10YZ156) supported by Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission, China Project(sdl09009) supported by Training Program for Outstanding Youth Teacher of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission, China Project(Z2010-103) supported by Shanghai Education Development Foundation, China
文摘Two practical crawlspace heating systems introduced in detached houses have been chosen as a field study. One is the crawlspace warm air heating system and the other is the crawlspace hot water circulation system. Based on the field study result, by using the simulation sol, ware, THERB, the effectiveness of the crawlspace warm air heating system has been examined. The effect of the factors, such as the wind amount circulating between crawlspace and indoor space, foundation insulation condition, and heat amount into the crawlspace, on the indoor thermal environment has been analyzed. Based on these analyses, the measured crawlspace heating system can make the average temperature of the living room above 20℃. These two houses have excellent thermal environment. According to the simulating result, heat amount input into crawlspace, which can make comfortable indoor thermal environment, for every month in heating period has been roughly concluded, and they are 600 W in December and March and 800 W in February and January, respectively.
文摘This article analyzes creation methods of automated design system, presents design system of a house foundation from blocks. The creation methods of automated design system of a house foundation from blocks are discovered with Unified Modeling Language. Analyzed objects-classes: block, specification, model. Graphical system can design foundation, form specification of objects and create 3D model of house foundation. There are several types and different dimensions of concrete blocks. The program optimally arranges selected blocks so that monolithic parts will be minimal volume. Program selects a house foundation blocks from database by using ActiveX Data Objects technology, which by programming method connects drawing and database. Drawing's graphical objects have additional data from which exchange of data between graphical system and database is executed. Visualization system and example of house foundation from blocks project with specifications is presented. Creation problems of automated design system are discussed and conclusions are made.
文摘现代房屋建筑具有施工面积大、楼层高等特征,而建筑信息模型(Building Information Modeling,BIM)技术作为目前最先进的信息技术,与房屋建筑工程项目相互结合,能促进基础施工技术向标准化方向推进。基于此,全面分析BIM技术在房屋建筑工程地基建设方面的应用价值,以全面提高地基建设的效率。