Investigation of serum calcium and vitamin D levels in superior semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome: A case control study

Objective: It remains unknown whether calcium metabolism has any effect on the clinical presentation of superior semicircular canal dehiscence(SSCD). Our aim was to analyse the adjusted calcium and vitamin D levels in SSCD patients compared to a control group.Methods: This was a prospective case-control study performed in a tertiary referral center, university teaching hospital in the UK. It included all new patients with SSCD seen in a dedicated skull base clinic over a 5-year period(2015-2019) compared to a gender and age matched control group. The main outcome of the study was adjusted calcium and Vitamin D levels between the two groups.Results: A total of 31 SSCD patients were recruited with a matched number of control patients. The mean Vitamin D level on the SSCD group was 44.8 nmoL/l(SD: 20.8) compared to 47.5 nmoL/l(SD: 27.4) on the control group(p = 0.702). Mean Adjusted calcium level was 2.34 mmoL/l(SD: 0.7) for SSCD compared to2.41 mmoL/l(SD: 0.11) for controls(p = 0.01), being within normal limits for both the SSCD and the control group.Conclusion: Our study did not identify a link between Vitamin D levels and presence of SSCD. Normal adjusted calcium values were found in both groups. Despite that a statistically significant lower calcium level was found in the SSCD group which could indicate that suboptimal levels of calcium may affect the micro-environment of the otic capsule at the SSC region.

An evidenced-based diagnostic tool for superior semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome

Purpose:To construct a symptoms-based prediction tool to assess the likelihood of superior canal dehiscence(SSCD)on high-resolution CT.Materials and methods:Mathematical modeling was employed to predict radiologic evidence of SSCD at a tertiary neurotology referral center.Results:A total of 168 patients were included,of which 118 had imaging-confirmed SSCD.On univariate analysis significant predictors of SSCD presence were:sound/pressure-induced vertigo(p?0.006),disequilibrium(p?0.008),hyperacusis(p?0.008),and autophony(p?0.034).Multivariate analysis enabled a 14-point symptom-weighted tool to be developed,wherein a score of6 raised the suspicion of SSCD(70%likelihood of being present),R2?0.853.Conclusions:The likelihood of SSCD on CT scan can be determined with a high degree of certainty based on symptoms recorded at presentation.Using the evidenced-based diagnostic tool validated herein,a score6 with any symptom combination justifies ordering a CT scan.

Quick repositioning maneuver for horizontal semicircular canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of quick repositioning maneuver for horizontal semicircular canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (H-BPPV). Methods:Clinical data of 67 patients with H-BPPV who underwent quick repositioning maneuver in our hospital from July 2009 to November 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. The maneuver involved rotating the patient in the axial plane for 180? from the involved side towards contralateral side as quickly as possible. Results:Complete symptom resolution was achieved in 61 patients (91.0%) at one week and in 64 patients (95.5%) at 3 months post-treatment. During the repositioning maneuver process, there were no obvious untoward responses except transient nausea with or without vomiting in a few patients. Conclusion:The results indicate that the quick repositioning maneuver is an easy and effective alternative treatment in the management of H-BPPV. Copyright ? 2015 The Authors. Production & hosting by Elsevier (Singapore) Pte Ltd On behalf of PLA General Hospital Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

Bilateral Superior Semicircular Canal Dehiscence without Signs of Vestibular Involvement about a Case

Superior semicircular canal dehiscence (SSCD) is a rare entity recently described whose typical clinical symptomatology is represented by dizziness triggered by a variation of pressure. We reported a case of SSCD which was diagnosed thanks to computed tomography (CT) scan of the petrous bone conducted systematically in front of mixed deafness with normal eardrum. The SSCD was bilateral and was revealed by mixed deafness on the left side and perception deafness on the right with a normal eardrum without the notion of vertigo. The cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP) and an ultra-high resolution CT scan of the petrous bones in coronal and sagittal sections allowed the diagnosis. The SSCD should be considered in the presence of any conductive or mixed hearing loss with a normal eardrum. The CT scan in coronal and sagittal submillimetric sections allows the diagnosis.

Subtemporal Extradural Approach for Dehiscence of the Superior Semicircular Canal: Surgical Technique and Results in Three Consecutive Patients

We describe three patients with severe disabling symptoms of unilateral dehiscence of the superior semicircular canal (DSSC) who had surgical treatment. Each patient underwent a unilateral subtemporal extradural approach with resurfacing the DCCS. In all 3 patients, all symptoms were completely resolved and remained symptom free on the long term. There were no postoperative complications. Only one patient experienced a temporary CSF hypotension syndrome and some dizziness. The pseudo-conductive hearing loss improved or resolved in all patients. Surgical treatment should be considered in patients with severe, disabling DSSC symptoms. Surgical resurfacing of the DSSC is a safe and rewarding surgical technique. The long term success rate regarding the elimination of the pseudo-conductive hearing loss and resolution of vestibular symptoms outweigh the potential surgical risks of this technique in these patients.

Temporal bone anatomy characteristics in superior semicircular canal dehiscence

Introduction: Superior semicircular canal dehiscence(SCD) remains difficult to diagnose despite advances in high-resolution computed tomography(HRCT) imaging. We hypothesize possible associations between gross temporal bone anatomy and sub-millimeter pathology of the semicircular canals, which may supplement imaging and clinical suspicion. This pilot study investigates differences in gross temporal bone anatomic parameters between temporal bones with and without SCD.Methods: Records were reviewed for 18 patients referred to an otology clinic complaining of dizziness with normal caloric stimulation results indicative of non-vestibular findings. Eleven patients had normal temporal bone anatomy while seven had SCD. Three-dimensional reconstruction of every patient's temporal bone anatomy was created from patient-specific computational tomography images. Surface area(SA),volume(V), and SA to V ratios(SA:V) were computed across temporal bone anatomical parameters.Results: SCD temporal bones have significantly smaller V, and larger temporal bone SA. Mean(±SD) V was 21,484 ± 3,921 mm^3 in temporal bones without SCD and 16,343 ± 34,471 mm^3 for those with SCD. Their respective SA were 13,733 ± 1,603 mm^2 and 18,073 ± 3,002 mm^2.Temporal bone airspaces and lateral semicircular canals did not demonstrate significant differences where SCD was and was not present. Plots of MV_(warm)response against computed SCD temporal bone anatomic parameters(SA, V and SA:V) showed moderate to strong correlations:temporal bone SA:V(r= 0.64), temporal bone airspace V(r= 0.60), temporal bone airspace SA(r= 0.55), LSCC SA(r= 0.51), and LSCC-toTM Distance(r= 0.65).Conclusions: This analysis demonstrated that SCD is associated with decreased temporal bone volume and density. The defect in SCD does not appear to influence caloric responses.

The Effects of Vestibular Rehabilitation after Bilateral Superior Semicircular Canal Dehiscence: A Case Report

Background and Purpose: Despite the strong body of evidence for vestibular rehabilitation, research is lacking for effective clinical management of patients with superior semicircular canal dehiscence (SSCD) and endolymphatic hydrops (EH). The purpose of this case report is to describe the effects of physical therapy in the treatment of a patient diagnosed with bilateral SSCD. Case Description: The patient was a 56-year-old woman with a long-standing otologic history involving bilateral SSCD and EH. The patient’s body structure and function impairments include constant headaches, dizziness with head rotation and eye movements, sensitivity to sounds and lights, and instability during gait. Her activity limitations include lower extremity dressing, driving, and playing her flute. Her participation restrictions include taking part in social gatherings, going to church, driving longer than 30 minutes, playing with her dogs, and teaching flute lessons. Interventions: Specific interventions included vestibular habituation and adaptation exercises, balance and gait training, and patient education. Physical therapy services were provided for approximately 11 weeks with a frequency of two times per week. Outcomes: After eleven weeks of physical therapy, the patient made improvements on the Lower Extremity Functional Scale (43/80 to 52/80), the Dynamic Gait Index (19/24 to 24/24), the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (86/100 to 68/100), and the Sharpened Romberg (2 seconds to >30 seconds). The patient improved in all her activity limitations and participation restrictions. She was able to play her flute for 20-minute intervals, play with her dogs, partake in social gatherings, and drive for 5 hours without symptoms. The patient had plans to pursue surgical intervention within the next year. Discussion: For a patient with a complex otologic history and a current diagnosis of bilateral SSCD, vestibular rehabilitation was an effective management option. The information from this case can be used to guide the effective treatment of similar patients diagnosed with vestibular dysfunction.

Transmastoid Approach for Resurfacing the Superior Semicircular Canal Dehiscence with a Dumpling Structure

Background： Superior semicircular canal dehiscence （SSCD） is gradually recognized by otologists in recent years. The patients with SSCD have a syndrome comprising a series of vestibular symptoms and hearing function disorders which can be cured by the operation. In this study, we evaluated the characteristics of patients with SSCD and determined the effectiveness of treating this syndrome by resurfacing the canal via the transmastoid approach using a dumpling structure. Methods： Patients with SSCD, confirmed by high-resolution computed tomography and hospitalized at Beijing Tongren Hospital between November 2009 and October 2012, were included in the study. All of the patients underwent the unilateral transmastoid approach for resurfacing the canal, and received regular follow-up after surgery. Data from preoperative medical records and postoperative follow-up were comparatively analyzed to evaluate the effect of surgery. Results： In total, 10 patients and 13 ears （three left ears, four right ears, three bilateral ears） were evaluated in the study, which included 7 men and 3 women. Different symptoms and distinctive manifestations of vestibular evoked myogenic potential were found in these patients. Alter surgery, 4 patients had complete resolution, 5 had partial resolution, and 1 patient, with bilateral SSCD, had aggravation. None of the patients suffered from serious complications such as sensorineural hearing loss, facial paralysis, cerebrospinal fluid leakage, or intracranial hypertension. Conclusions： In patients with unilateral SSCD, resurfacing the canal via the transmastoid approach using a dumpling structure is an effective and sate technique. However, more consideration is needed for patients with bilateral SSCD.

The problem of fluid-dynamics in semicircular canal

An analytical solution with high accuracy which holds for any values of ?for fluid-dynamics model equation in a single semicircular canal presented by Buskirk and his co-workers has been obtained It not only includes all of the results of Buskirk et al. but also covers three possible kinds of dynamical response modes in practice. The theoretical results are in better agreement with those of experimental observations. This investigation has laid a reliable theoretical foundation for quantitatively understanding fluid-dynamics in semicircular canal, especially fluid dynamical response. The distribution of the velocity of the endolymph in semicircular canal is given. A nonstandard method of the inverse Laplace transform is presented.

良性阵发性位置性眩晕患者七年大数据回顾分析

目的良性阵发性位置性眩晕(BPPV)是最常见的外周性前庭疾病,但目前我国尚缺乏对BPPV大样本数据的回顾性分析,本研究旨在为BPPV患者家庭疾病预警和防范提供相应的理论依据。方法回顾性选取2014年6月—2021年6月中国人民解放军总医院眩晕诊疗中心数据库中眩晕患者45807例的临床资料,其中符合BPPV诊断患者5883例,根据其类型分类,统计患者年龄、性别、就诊时间、首诊BPPV类型、复诊BPPV类型等信息。使用Python 3.7进行数据可视化。结果BPPV患者中,女性3909例,男性1974例,50~59岁人群BPPV患者最多,且各BPPV类型中,女性患者比例均高于男性患者。所有眩晕患者位置性试验(+)阳性率为12.8%。不同类型BPPV比例中后管BPPV比例为64.5%,水平管BPPV比例为30.9%。有1092例BPPV复诊记录,首次诊断BPPV至复诊阴性有411例,234例患者BPPV类型在2~6次的就诊过程中有改变,BPPV类型转换比较常见的是左右耳PC-BPPV之间变化(71例)。结论本研究大数据显示,BPPV患者主要分布在50岁左右人群,女性患者约为男性的2倍。LC-BPPV患者比例远高于前期研究数据,约占所有BPPV患者的30.9%。在长期随访中,除大部分患者的BPPV类型没有发生变化外,主要的耳石变化存在后管侧别之间、后管与水平管之间进行转换的趋势。

桂枝加葛根汤联合当归芍药散治疗良性位置性眩晕的效果

目的 探讨桂枝加葛根汤联合当归芍药散治疗良性位置性眩晕(benign paroxysmal positional vertigo,BPPV)的效果。方法 选取2021年2月-2023年8月收治的80例老年后半规管BPPV痰瘀互阻证患者,按照掷硬币法分为2组,对照组(n=40)采取常规西药治疗,观察组(n=40)另用桂枝加葛根汤联合当归芍药散治疗,比较2组疗效。结果 治疗7 d、14 d后,观察组中医证候积分较对照组低(P<0.05)。14 d治疗后,观察组眩晕评分、血液流变学指标、血清同型半胱氨酸(homocysteine,Hcy)水平均优于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组脑血流动力学较对照组优(P<0.05)。2组在治疗期间均未出现头痛、乏力不良反应。结论 对老年后半规管BPPV痰瘀互阻证患者采取桂枝加葛根汤联合当归芍药散治疗,可明显减轻患者眩晕症状和中医证候积分,改善其血液流变学和脑血流动力学,值得推广。

病程对水平半规管良性阵发性位置性眩晕复位后残余症状的影响

目的 探讨不同病程对水平半规管良性阵发性位置性眩晕(horizontal canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo,HC-BPPV)患者成功复位后残余症状的影响。方法 选取2021年7月—2022年3月上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科收治的HC-BPPV患者49例,根据发病至复位时间分为短病程组33例和长病程组14例。所有患者均采用转椅辅助下的Barbecue或Gufoni耳石复位治疗,成功复位后7~10 d进行复诊,复位前后均采用眩晕障碍量表(dizziness handicap inventory,DHI)进行评估,比较两组复位前后DHI各维度评分及总分差异。结果 复位前后,长病程组DHI总分均高于短病程组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。复位前,长病程组DHI-F评分高于短病程组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);复位后,长病程组DHI-F评分、DHI-P评分、DHI-E评分均高于短病程组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。复位前后,两组DHI各维度评分差值及总分差值比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论HC-BPPV复位后,出现残余症状的风险与复位前病程有关,病程越长,复位后出现残余症状的风险越大,残余症状可表现在躯体功能、社会功能及心理障碍等方面。

不同责任半规管BPPV与主诉症状关系分析

目的分析确诊良性阵发性位置性眩晕(BPPV)患者的位置性眩晕主诉特征,以及主诉症状与BPPV责任半规管定位诊断的相关性。方法对2022年2-3月因位置性眩晕就诊于该院患者100例完成详细病史问卷调查,以视频眼震图位置试验进行BPPV客观定位诊断,分析确定诊断BPPV与病史主诉的关系。结果100例患者中以坐起-躺下、左右翻身为眩晕主要主诉者分别为39、56例,两者分辨不清5例;位置试验阳性75例,其中BPPV确定诊断63例,其他前庭周围性眩晕12例。分析63例确定诊断BPPV患者的主诉症状,以坐起-躺下眩晕确诊垂直、水平半规管BPPV的灵敏度和特异度分别为70.7%和94.4%、5.6%和29.3%,以左右翻身眩晕确诊水平、垂直半规管BPPV的灵敏度和特异度分别为94.4%和70.7%、29.3%和5.6%。进一步分析63例BPPV患者其位置性眩晕的首发体位,以坐起-躺下者确诊垂直、水平半规管BPPV的灵敏度和特异度为76.9%和55.6%、44.4%和23.1%,左右翻身者确诊水平、垂直半规管BPPV的灵敏度和特异度为55.6%和76.9%、23.1%和44.4%。对30例可明确表述眩晕诱发较重体位侧别的BPPV患者进行分析,右侧位为较重侧13例,左侧位为较重侧17例,余33例对诱发眩晕的左右侧分别描述不清。结论位置性眩晕患者的主诉症状中,“坐起-躺下”和“左右翻身”性眩晕主诉分别对垂直、水平半规管BPPV诊断的灵敏度和特异度高,符合Ewald′s定律;而首发体位及症状较重的体位侧别,对BPPV责任半规管侧别定位诊断的灵敏度和特异度均不高。位置性眩晕患者主诉症状对BPPV快速筛查具有一定的临床价值,确定定位诊断要依靠位置试验。

基于仿生物理模型的半规管壶腹嵴顶变形

目的 探讨人类半规管在3种基本旋转感知过程中的生物力学响应。方法 采用3D打印技术及水凝胶物理交联技术成功制备了与人体等比例的一维可视化半规管物理模型,并通过施加恒定角速度刺激、恒定角加速度刺激以及正弦摆动刺激来探究嵴顶的响应变形情况。结果 仿生半规管模型的时间常数基本稳定在3 s左右,且与人体时间常数数值接近,壶腹嵴顶运动的位移变形与施加的角加速度成正比;在0.07~5.00 Hz正弦摆动刺激下,半规管的增益从1.54μm/°上升到42.34μm/°,但相位差从109.72°下降到11.27°。结论 制备的仿生半规管模型能够准确模拟人体半规管的工作机制,有望在人体前庭半规管的机理研究和疾病诊断中发挥一定作用。

个体化手法复位治疗颈部活动受限后半规管良性阵发性位置性眩晕临床疗效

目的探讨个体化手法复位治疗颈部活动受限后半规管良性阵发性位置性眩晕(posterior semicircular canalBPPV,PC-BPPV)的效果。方法选择中山市小榄人民医院耳鼻咽喉科2019年1月~2022年7月间收治的PC-BPPV患者163例,分为观察组(57例)、对照1组(51例)、对照2组(55例)。对照1组接受改良Epley手法复位治疗,观察组和对照两组实施个体化Epley手法复位。比较三组治愈率和有效率;并比较三组治疗前、后前庭症状指数(vestibular symptom index,VSI),Berg平衡量表(Berg balance scale,BBS)评分以及眩晕障碍量表(dizziness handicap inventory,DHI)各维度评分。结果三组治愈率[84.37%vs.81.82%vs.80.70%]、有效率[11.76%vs.10.91%vs.12.28%]差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后三组PC-BPPV患者VSI、DHI各维度评分降低(P<0.01),BBS评分升高(P<0.01),三组VSI(23.19±3.88 vs.23.70±4.01 vs.23.46±3.92)、BBS评分(45.56±5.02 vs.45.14±4.98 vs.44.84±5.11)、DHI各维度评分差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论个体化Epley手法复位可有效改善患者眩晕状况,治疗颈部活动受限PC-BPPV效果显著。

内淋巴囊减压联合部分半规管填塞术治疗Ⅲ、Ⅳ期梅尼埃病的临床观察

目的 观察内淋巴囊减压联合一个或两个半规管填塞术治疗Ⅲ、Ⅳ期梅尼埃病患者的临床效果及听力损失情况。方法 收集经规范性保守治疗无效的、且有保留残余听力期望的Ⅲ、Ⅳ期梅尼埃病患者43例,按手术方式不同分成三组:内淋巴囊减压联合后外两个半规管填塞术组13例,内淋巴囊减压联合外半规管填塞术组14例,单纯淋巴囊减压术组16例,评估三组患者手术前后的眩晕、耳闷、耳鸣及听力情况。结果 内淋巴囊减压联合后外两个半规管填塞术组、内淋巴囊减压联合外半规管填塞术组、单纯内淋巴囊减压术组术后眩晕发作次数均明显降低,眩晕控制率分别为92.3%、78.6%及62.5%;眩晕的严重程度也均较术前显著减轻,其中联合半规管填塞术的两组患者术后眩晕改善率(100%)显著高于单纯内淋巴囊减压组(68.8%)。三组患者的耳鸣、耳闷均较术前显著改善,耳鸣改善率分别为46.2%,50.0%及43.8%,耳闷改善率分别为61.5%,57.1%及50.0%,组间差异均无统计学意义。三组中术后听力下降患者的比例分别是15.4%、7.1%、18.8%,差异无统计学意义。结论 内淋巴囊减压联合部分半规管填塞术能够有效控制经保守治疗无效的Ⅲ、Ⅳ期梅尼埃病患者的眩晕等症状,并能够在很大程度上保留残余听力,避免极重度感音神经性聋的发生。

半规管冲突刺激训练在突发性耳聋伴眩晕治疗中的价值

目的 评价SRM-Ⅳ眩晕诊疗系统半规管冲突刺激训练在突发性耳聋伴眩晕的康复治疗和疗效评估中的作用。方法 选择突发性耳聋伴眩晕患者38例,采用随机信封方法进行分组,对照组12例、治疗1组13例、治疗2组13例。对照组采用药物治疗,治疗1组采用药物治疗+前庭康复训练,治疗2组采用药物治疗+前庭康复训练+半规管冲突刺激训练。分别在治疗1周、2周、4周时比较3组旋转试验转阴率、眩晕残障量表(dizziness handicap inventory, DHI)评分、焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale, SAS)评分。结果 治疗2组在治疗2周、4周的旋转试验转阴率与对照组和治疗1组比较明显增加(P<0.05)。随治疗时间延长,3组DHI评分、SAS评分均呈逐渐降低趋势,治疗2组降低趋势最明显,组间、时点间、组间·时点间交互作用差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 SRM-IV眩晕诊疗系统高强度前庭功能训练在突发性耳聋伴眩晕的治疗、评估工作中具有一定的作用,其疗效好、患者依从性好,值得在临床工作中推广应用。

3D Slicer三维影像重建技术分析骨半规管及前庭导水管的解剖学意义

目的探讨3D Slicer三维影像重建技术分析骨半规管及前庭导水管的解剖学意义。方法收集40例(男女各20例)无内耳器质性病变的病人的80侧颞骨的高分辨率计算机断层扫描(HRCT)数据,应用3D Slicer软件进行三维重建,并测量内听道重要解剖结构三维空间定位数据。结果三维模型显示,内听道后唇呈椭圆形,后缘锐利,位置固定,较易识别。选择三维模型内听道后唇为P点,男性P点至前庭导水管的距离为(9.412±1.687)mm、至后半规管的距离为(10.422±1.701)mm;内听道的长度为(9.847±0.870)mm。女性P点至前庭导水管的距离为(9.068±1.133)mm、至后半规管的距离为(9.858±1.089)mm;内听道的长度为(8.727±0.964)mm。男性和女性上述测量结果均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论内听道后壁至前庭导水管的距离比到后半规管更短,提示术中磨除内听道后壁时更容易导致前庭导水管的损伤。前庭导水管外口和内淋巴囊靠近内听道后壁的硬脑膜,提示术中剪开硬脑膜时应避免造成损伤。

改良翻滚法对水平半规管良性阵发性位置眩晕的疗效观察

目的探讨改良翻滚(barbecue,BBQ)对水平半规管良性阵发性位置性眩晕(horizontal canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo,HC-BPPV)的疗效。方法选取2019年1月至2022年12月北京市东直门医院脑病科单侧HC-BPPV患者465例,根据手法复位方法分为Gufoni组(166例)和改良BBQ组(299例),其中Gufoni组采用Gufoni复位法,改良BBQ组采用改良BBQ复位法。比较两组临床疗效和变位试验时间。结果465例患者中男140例,女325例,年龄16~89岁,平均(55.2±13.7)岁。两组临床疗效、复诊情况及dix-hallpike时间的比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),改良BBQ组roll-test时间[288.0(230.0,370.0)s]低于Gufoni组[315.0(189.0,425.0)s],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论改良BBQ复位法对HC-BPPV的疗效与Gufoni相当,但用时更短,在一定程度上减轻患者痛苦。