BACKGROUND Our study contributes to the further understanding of the mechanism of foot reflexology.Foot reflexology has been reported to affect hearing recovery,but no physiological evidence has been provided.This lac...BACKGROUND Our study contributes to the further understanding of the mechanism of foot reflexology.Foot reflexology has been reported to affect hearing recovery,but no physiological evidence has been provided.This lack of evidence hampers the acceptance of the technique in clinical practice.CASE SUMMARY A girl was taken to North Sichuan Medical University Affiliated Hospital for a hearing screen by her parents.Her parents reported that her hearing level was the same as when she was born.The girl was diagnosed with sensorineural hearing loss(SNHL)by a doctor in the otolaryngology department.After we introduced the foot reflexology project,the parents agreed to participate in the experiment.After 6 months of foot reflexology treatment,the hearing threshold of the girl recovered to a normal level,below 30 dB.CONCLUSION Foot reflexology should be encouraged in clinical practice and for families of infants with SNHL.展开更多
Hearing loss is the third leading cause of human disability.Age-related hearing loss,one type of acquired sensorineural hearing loss,is largely responsible for this escalating global health burden.Noise-induced,ototox...Hearing loss is the third leading cause of human disability.Age-related hearing loss,one type of acquired sensorineural hearing loss,is largely responsible for this escalating global health burden.Noise-induced,ototoxic,and idiopathic sudden sensorineural are other less common types of acquired hearing loss.The etiology of these conditions is complex and multi-fa ctorial involving an interplay of genetic and environmental factors.Oxidative stress has recently been proposed as a likely linking cause in most types of acquired sensorineural hearing loss.Short non-coding RNA sequences known as microRNAs(miRNAs)have increasingly been shown to play a role in cellular hypoxia and oxidative stress responses including promoting an apoptotic response.Sensory hair cell death is a central histopathological finding in sensorineural hearing loss.As these cells do not regenerate in humans,it underlies the irreversibility of human age-related hearing loss.Ovid EMBASE,Ovid MEDLINE,Web of Science Core Collection,and ClinicalTrials.gov databases over the period August 1,2018 to July 31,2023 were searched with"hearing loss,""hypoxamiRs,""hypoxia,""microRNAs,""ischemia,"and"oxidative stress"text words for English language primary study publications or registered clinical trials.Registe red clinical trials known to the senior author we re also assessed.A total of 222studies were thus identified.After excluding duplicates,editorials,retra ctions,secondary research studies,and non-English language articles,39 primary studies and clinical trials underwent full-text screening.This resulted in 11 animal,in vitro,and/or human subject journal articles and 8 registered clinical trial database entries which form the basis of this narrative review.MiRNAs miR-34a and miR-29b levels increase with age in mice.These miRNAs were demonstrated in human neuroblastoma and murine cochlear cell lines to target Sirtuin 1/peroxisome proliferato r-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1-alpha(SIRT1/P GC-1α),SIRT1p53,and SIRT1/hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha signaling pathways resulting in increased apoptosis.Furthermore,hypoxia and oxidative stress had a similar adve rse apoptotic effect,which was inhibited by resve ratrol and a myocardial inhibitorassociated transcript,a miR-29b competing endogenous mRNA.Gentamicin reduced miR-182-5p levels and increased cochlear oxidative stress and cell death in mice-an effect that was corrected by inner ear stem cell-derived exosomes.There is ongoing work seeking to determine if these findings can be effectively translated to humans.展开更多
Background: Sudden sensorineural hearing loss(SSNHL) is a prevalent emergency in ear, nose, and throat practice. Previous studies have demonstrated that intratympanic steroid therapy(IST) can serve as a salvage treatm...Background: Sudden sensorineural hearing loss(SSNHL) is a prevalent emergency in ear, nose, and throat practice. Previous studies have demonstrated that intratympanic steroid therapy(IST) can serve as a salvage treatment for SSNHL after the failure of systemic steroid therapy(SST).Objective: This study aimed to analyze the efficacy of modified IST involving the insertion of a tympanic tube and gelfoam as a salvage treatment for patients with SSNHL, and to explore its associated factors.Methods: Totally, 74 patients who were aged 22–81 years with SSNHL were enrolled and allocated to either the control group(n = 25) or the treatment group(n = 49) based on their treatment modalities. All patients received SST lasting for at least 7 days. Subsequently, patients in the treatment group, after SST failure, underwent IST twice a week for 2–6 weeks, while the control group did not. Efficacy was assessed by the improvement in pure tone average at the affected frequency at the beginning and end of IST.Results: Hearing improvement in all patients after IST in the treatment group was 9.71 ± 14.84 dB, with significant improvement at affected frequencies(250-8000 Hz) compared with the control group(P < 0.05). The findings indicated the duration from the onset of SSNHL to the beginning of IST as an independent factor for pure tone average improvement after treatment(P = 0.002), whereas age, duration of SST, and time of IST were not(P > 0.05).Conclusion: The modified IST was demonstrated to be a safe and effective method as a salvage treatment for SSNHL. This study explored the efficacy of a modified IST approach, incorporating the utilization of tympanic tubes and gelfoam as key components. The findings underscore the advantages of gelfoam as a strategic drug carrier placed in the round window niche. By minimizing drug loss, extending action time, and increasing perilymph concentration, gelfoam enhances the therapeutic impact of IST, contributing to improved hearing outcomes in patients with SSNHL.展开更多
Currently,treatment options for infant sensorineural hearing loss(SNHL)are limited.This article describes a novel case of SNHL in an infant successfully treated with foot reflexology,along with observed brain activity...Currently,treatment options for infant sensorineural hearing loss(SNHL)are limited.This article describes a novel case of SNHL in an infant successfully treated with foot reflexology,along with observed brain activity changes before and after treatment,as indicated by functional magnetic resonance imaging.Hence,this commentary discusses the case and our viewpoints regarding foot reflexology for treating SNHL.展开更多
BACKGROUND Numerous studies have found that patients experiencing sudden sensorineural hearing loss(SSHL),with or without accompanying vertigo,often show impaired vestibular function.However,there is a dearth of studi...BACKGROUND Numerous studies have found that patients experiencing sudden sensorineural hearing loss(SSHL),with or without accompanying vertigo,often show impaired vestibular function.However,there is a dearth of studies analyzing vestibularevoked myogenic potentials(VEMPs)in SSHL patients across various age groups.AIM To investigate vestibular condition in SSHL patients across various age demographics.METHODS Clinical data of 84 SSHL patients were investigated retrospectively.Audiometry,cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials(c-VEMPs),and ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials(o-VEMPs)were conducted on these patients.Parameters assessed included the latencies of P1 and N1 waves,as well as the amplitudes of P1–N1 waves.Moreover,the study evaluated the influence of factors such as sex,affected side,configuration of hearing loss,and presence of accompanying vertigo.RESULTS Among the 84 SSHL patients,no significant differences were observed among the three groups in terms of gender,affected side,and the presence or absence of vertigo.Group II(aged 41–60 years)had the highest number of SSHL cases.The rates of absent o-VEMPs in the affected ears were 20.83%,31.58%,and 22.72%for the three age groups,respectively,with no statistically significant difference among them.The rates of absent c-VEMPs in the affected ears were 8.3%,34.21%,and 18.18%for the three age groups,respectively,with significant differences.In the unaffected ears,there were differences observed in the extraction rates of o-VEMPs in the unaffected ears among the age groups.In the three age groups,no significant differences were noted in the three age groups in the latencies of P1 and N1 waves or in the amplitude of N1–P1 waves for c-VEMPs and o-VEMPs,either on the affected side or on the unaffected side,across the three age groups.CONCLUSION The extraction rate of VEMPs is more valuable than parameters.Regardless of the presence of vertigo,vestibular organs are involved in SSHL.Notably,SSHL patients aged 41–60 appear more susceptible to damage to the inferior vestibular nerve and saccule.展开更多
背景:既往认为黄韧带骨化在人群中罕见发生,随着研究深入,发现其发病率逐渐上升,这引起大量学者的研究兴趣。目的:通过检索科学引文索引数据库核心集自1999年以来的有关黄韧带骨化的研究成果,使用文献计量学方法对数据进行可视化分析,...背景:既往认为黄韧带骨化在人群中罕见发生,随着研究深入,发现其发病率逐渐上升,这引起大量学者的研究兴趣。目的:通过检索科学引文索引数据库核心集自1999年以来的有关黄韧带骨化的研究成果,使用文献计量学方法对数据进行可视化分析,回顾黄韧带骨化的研究历史,指示重要文献,梳理研究热点,为学者寻找研究方向提供思路。方法:以Web of Science核心集数据库为主,搜索并筛选黄韧带骨化相关论文,使用VOSviewer 1.6.19和CiteSpace 6.2.R6软件对年度发文量、研究国家、机构、被引文献、期刊、作者和关键词等进行可视化分析。结果与结论:①共纳入347篇文献,自1999年发文量呈螺旋上升,中国研究较日本起步晚,但是发文量后来居上,北京大学是发文量最多的机构,北京大学的陈仲强教授是发文量最多的学者。②被引用最多的10篇文献中5篇都与黄韧带骨化的手术治疗有关。③去除与研究主题直接相关的关键词,综合词频和中介中心性的结果发现,“胸椎脊髓病”“硬膜骨化”“微创手术”“后纵韧带骨化”处于领域研究的核心地位。④关键词聚类分析显示,黄韧带骨化的临床表现和手术治疗在疾病的研究中占比较大。⑤关键词时间线图及关键词突现分析显示,“微创手术”作为关键词出现在2015年前后,是突现强度最高的关键词,也是突现开始时间最晚的关键词,2019年开始受到学者广泛关注,关键词“硬膜骨化”的突现尚未结束。⑥黄韧带骨化的手术治疗一直处于研究前沿,微创手术方式的开发和研究、黄韧带骨化继发硬膜骨化的研究是该领域的研究热点。展开更多
胸椎后纵韧带骨化症(ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament,OPLL)是由于骨化的后纵韧带占据椎管空间,引起胸段脊髓受压,出现下肢肌力减弱,不全瘫甚至截瘫,呈进行性加重[1];手术治疗是唯一有效的方法[2]。由于胸椎的解剖学特...胸椎后纵韧带骨化症(ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament,OPLL)是由于骨化的后纵韧带占据椎管空间,引起胸段脊髓受压,出现下肢肌力减弱,不全瘫甚至截瘫,呈进行性加重[1];手术治疗是唯一有效的方法[2]。由于胸椎的解剖学特点,手术治疗难度大,手术风险高.展开更多
目的探究度拉糖肽联合阿法骨化醇对2型糖尿病合并骨质疏松患者的疗效。方法本研究为随机对照试验,选取2022年1月至2023年6月单县中心医院收治的107例2型糖尿病合并骨质疏松患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为观察组(54例)和对照组(5...目的探究度拉糖肽联合阿法骨化醇对2型糖尿病合并骨质疏松患者的疗效。方法本研究为随机对照试验,选取2022年1月至2023年6月单县中心医院收治的107例2型糖尿病合并骨质疏松患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为观察组(54例)和对照组(53例)。观察组男25例、女29例,年龄(65.23±8.81)岁,病程(8.53±1.21)年,体质量指数(22.52±1.68)kg/m^(2);对照组男26例,女27例,年龄(66.57±8.91)岁,病程(8.87±1.56)年,体质量指数(22.34±1.59)kg/m^(2)。两组患者均予以二甲双胍常规降糖,对照组在此基础上口服阿法骨化醇,观察组在对照组基础上进行度拉糖肽治疗,两组均持续治疗30 d。对比两组患者临床疗效、血糖水平变化[空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 h PBG)及糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)]、骨代谢指标变化[血清钙(Ca)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)及骨特异性碱性磷酸酶(BALP)]及不良反应发生情况。统计学方法采用t检验、χ^(2)检验。结果观察组治疗总有效率为96.30%(52/54),高于对照组的84.91%(45/53),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.096,P=0.043)。治疗后,观察组FPG、2 h PBG、HbA1c水平均低于对照组[(6.41±1.36)mmol/L比(7.27±1.18)mmol/L、(9.63±2.21)mmol/L比(11.57±2.43)mmol/L、(5.58±1.29)%比(7.21±1.67)%],差异均有统计学意义(t=-3.491、-4.322、-5.656,均P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组Ca、BALP水平均高于对照组[(2.67±0.45)mmol/L比(2.43±0.48)mmol/L、(19.38±3.31)U/L比(17.27±3.19)U/L],ALP水平低于对照组[(32.75±9.34)U/L比(36.82±9.49)U/L],差异均有统计学意义(t=2.669、3.357、-2.225,均P<0.05)。观察组不良反应发生率为5.56%(3/54),与对照组[9.43%(5/53)]比较,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.582,P=0.446)。结论度拉糖肽联合阿法骨化醇治疗2型糖尿病合并骨质疏松患者,可以有效提高临床疗效,控制血糖,改善骨质疏松情况,且具有安全性。展开更多
基金Graduate Student Project of Xi’an International Studies University,No.2021BS012Nanchong City-Universities Project,No.22SXCXTD0004.
文摘BACKGROUND Our study contributes to the further understanding of the mechanism of foot reflexology.Foot reflexology has been reported to affect hearing recovery,but no physiological evidence has been provided.This lack of evidence hampers the acceptance of the technique in clinical practice.CASE SUMMARY A girl was taken to North Sichuan Medical University Affiliated Hospital for a hearing screen by her parents.Her parents reported that her hearing level was the same as when she was born.The girl was diagnosed with sensorineural hearing loss(SNHL)by a doctor in the otolaryngology department.After we introduced the foot reflexology project,the parents agreed to participate in the experiment.After 6 months of foot reflexology treatment,the hearing threshold of the girl recovered to a normal level,below 30 dB.CONCLUSION Foot reflexology should be encouraged in clinical practice and for families of infants with SNHL.
文摘Hearing loss is the third leading cause of human disability.Age-related hearing loss,one type of acquired sensorineural hearing loss,is largely responsible for this escalating global health burden.Noise-induced,ototoxic,and idiopathic sudden sensorineural are other less common types of acquired hearing loss.The etiology of these conditions is complex and multi-fa ctorial involving an interplay of genetic and environmental factors.Oxidative stress has recently been proposed as a likely linking cause in most types of acquired sensorineural hearing loss.Short non-coding RNA sequences known as microRNAs(miRNAs)have increasingly been shown to play a role in cellular hypoxia and oxidative stress responses including promoting an apoptotic response.Sensory hair cell death is a central histopathological finding in sensorineural hearing loss.As these cells do not regenerate in humans,it underlies the irreversibility of human age-related hearing loss.Ovid EMBASE,Ovid MEDLINE,Web of Science Core Collection,and ClinicalTrials.gov databases over the period August 1,2018 to July 31,2023 were searched with"hearing loss,""hypoxamiRs,""hypoxia,""microRNAs,""ischemia,"and"oxidative stress"text words for English language primary study publications or registered clinical trials.Registe red clinical trials known to the senior author we re also assessed.A total of 222studies were thus identified.After excluding duplicates,editorials,retra ctions,secondary research studies,and non-English language articles,39 primary studies and clinical trials underwent full-text screening.This resulted in 11 animal,in vitro,and/or human subject journal articles and 8 registered clinical trial database entries which form the basis of this narrative review.MiRNAs miR-34a and miR-29b levels increase with age in mice.These miRNAs were demonstrated in human neuroblastoma and murine cochlear cell lines to target Sirtuin 1/peroxisome proliferato r-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1-alpha(SIRT1/P GC-1α),SIRT1p53,and SIRT1/hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha signaling pathways resulting in increased apoptosis.Furthermore,hypoxia and oxidative stress had a similar adve rse apoptotic effect,which was inhibited by resve ratrol and a myocardial inhibitorassociated transcript,a miR-29b competing endogenous mRNA.Gentamicin reduced miR-182-5p levels and increased cochlear oxidative stress and cell death in mice-an effect that was corrected by inner ear stem cell-derived exosomes.There is ongoing work seeking to determine if these findings can be effectively translated to humans.
文摘Background: Sudden sensorineural hearing loss(SSNHL) is a prevalent emergency in ear, nose, and throat practice. Previous studies have demonstrated that intratympanic steroid therapy(IST) can serve as a salvage treatment for SSNHL after the failure of systemic steroid therapy(SST).Objective: This study aimed to analyze the efficacy of modified IST involving the insertion of a tympanic tube and gelfoam as a salvage treatment for patients with SSNHL, and to explore its associated factors.Methods: Totally, 74 patients who were aged 22–81 years with SSNHL were enrolled and allocated to either the control group(n = 25) or the treatment group(n = 49) based on their treatment modalities. All patients received SST lasting for at least 7 days. Subsequently, patients in the treatment group, after SST failure, underwent IST twice a week for 2–6 weeks, while the control group did not. Efficacy was assessed by the improvement in pure tone average at the affected frequency at the beginning and end of IST.Results: Hearing improvement in all patients after IST in the treatment group was 9.71 ± 14.84 dB, with significant improvement at affected frequencies(250-8000 Hz) compared with the control group(P < 0.05). The findings indicated the duration from the onset of SSNHL to the beginning of IST as an independent factor for pure tone average improvement after treatment(P = 0.002), whereas age, duration of SST, and time of IST were not(P > 0.05).Conclusion: The modified IST was demonstrated to be a safe and effective method as a salvage treatment for SSNHL. This study explored the efficacy of a modified IST approach, incorporating the utilization of tympanic tubes and gelfoam as key components. The findings underscore the advantages of gelfoam as a strategic drug carrier placed in the round window niche. By minimizing drug loss, extending action time, and increasing perilymph concentration, gelfoam enhances the therapeutic impact of IST, contributing to improved hearing outcomes in patients with SSNHL.
文摘Currently,treatment options for infant sensorineural hearing loss(SNHL)are limited.This article describes a novel case of SNHL in an infant successfully treated with foot reflexology,along with observed brain activity changes before and after treatment,as indicated by functional magnetic resonance imaging.Hence,this commentary discusses the case and our viewpoints regarding foot reflexology for treating SNHL.
基金the Innovative Program of Hebei Provincial Eye Hospital,No.2023ZZ107.
文摘BACKGROUND Numerous studies have found that patients experiencing sudden sensorineural hearing loss(SSHL),with or without accompanying vertigo,often show impaired vestibular function.However,there is a dearth of studies analyzing vestibularevoked myogenic potentials(VEMPs)in SSHL patients across various age groups.AIM To investigate vestibular condition in SSHL patients across various age demographics.METHODS Clinical data of 84 SSHL patients were investigated retrospectively.Audiometry,cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials(c-VEMPs),and ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials(o-VEMPs)were conducted on these patients.Parameters assessed included the latencies of P1 and N1 waves,as well as the amplitudes of P1–N1 waves.Moreover,the study evaluated the influence of factors such as sex,affected side,configuration of hearing loss,and presence of accompanying vertigo.RESULTS Among the 84 SSHL patients,no significant differences were observed among the three groups in terms of gender,affected side,and the presence or absence of vertigo.Group II(aged 41–60 years)had the highest number of SSHL cases.The rates of absent o-VEMPs in the affected ears were 20.83%,31.58%,and 22.72%for the three age groups,respectively,with no statistically significant difference among them.The rates of absent c-VEMPs in the affected ears were 8.3%,34.21%,and 18.18%for the three age groups,respectively,with significant differences.In the unaffected ears,there were differences observed in the extraction rates of o-VEMPs in the unaffected ears among the age groups.In the three age groups,no significant differences were noted in the three age groups in the latencies of P1 and N1 waves or in the amplitude of N1–P1 waves for c-VEMPs and o-VEMPs,either on the affected side or on the unaffected side,across the three age groups.CONCLUSION The extraction rate of VEMPs is more valuable than parameters.Regardless of the presence of vertigo,vestibular organs are involved in SSHL.Notably,SSHL patients aged 41–60 appear more susceptible to damage to the inferior vestibular nerve and saccule.
文摘背景:既往认为黄韧带骨化在人群中罕见发生,随着研究深入,发现其发病率逐渐上升,这引起大量学者的研究兴趣。目的:通过检索科学引文索引数据库核心集自1999年以来的有关黄韧带骨化的研究成果,使用文献计量学方法对数据进行可视化分析,回顾黄韧带骨化的研究历史,指示重要文献,梳理研究热点,为学者寻找研究方向提供思路。方法:以Web of Science核心集数据库为主,搜索并筛选黄韧带骨化相关论文,使用VOSviewer 1.6.19和CiteSpace 6.2.R6软件对年度发文量、研究国家、机构、被引文献、期刊、作者和关键词等进行可视化分析。结果与结论:①共纳入347篇文献,自1999年发文量呈螺旋上升,中国研究较日本起步晚,但是发文量后来居上,北京大学是发文量最多的机构,北京大学的陈仲强教授是发文量最多的学者。②被引用最多的10篇文献中5篇都与黄韧带骨化的手术治疗有关。③去除与研究主题直接相关的关键词,综合词频和中介中心性的结果发现,“胸椎脊髓病”“硬膜骨化”“微创手术”“后纵韧带骨化”处于领域研究的核心地位。④关键词聚类分析显示,黄韧带骨化的临床表现和手术治疗在疾病的研究中占比较大。⑤关键词时间线图及关键词突现分析显示,“微创手术”作为关键词出现在2015年前后,是突现强度最高的关键词,也是突现开始时间最晚的关键词,2019年开始受到学者广泛关注,关键词“硬膜骨化”的突现尚未结束。⑥黄韧带骨化的手术治疗一直处于研究前沿,微创手术方式的开发和研究、黄韧带骨化继发硬膜骨化的研究是该领域的研究热点。
文摘胸椎后纵韧带骨化症(ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament,OPLL)是由于骨化的后纵韧带占据椎管空间,引起胸段脊髓受压,出现下肢肌力减弱,不全瘫甚至截瘫,呈进行性加重[1];手术治疗是唯一有效的方法[2]。由于胸椎的解剖学特点,手术治疗难度大,手术风险高.
文摘目的探究度拉糖肽联合阿法骨化醇对2型糖尿病合并骨质疏松患者的疗效。方法本研究为随机对照试验,选取2022年1月至2023年6月单县中心医院收治的107例2型糖尿病合并骨质疏松患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为观察组(54例)和对照组(53例)。观察组男25例、女29例,年龄(65.23±8.81)岁,病程(8.53±1.21)年,体质量指数(22.52±1.68)kg/m^(2);对照组男26例,女27例,年龄(66.57±8.91)岁,病程(8.87±1.56)年,体质量指数(22.34±1.59)kg/m^(2)。两组患者均予以二甲双胍常规降糖,对照组在此基础上口服阿法骨化醇,观察组在对照组基础上进行度拉糖肽治疗,两组均持续治疗30 d。对比两组患者临床疗效、血糖水平变化[空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 h PBG)及糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)]、骨代谢指标变化[血清钙(Ca)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)及骨特异性碱性磷酸酶(BALP)]及不良反应发生情况。统计学方法采用t检验、χ^(2)检验。结果观察组治疗总有效率为96.30%(52/54),高于对照组的84.91%(45/53),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.096,P=0.043)。治疗后,观察组FPG、2 h PBG、HbA1c水平均低于对照组[(6.41±1.36)mmol/L比(7.27±1.18)mmol/L、(9.63±2.21)mmol/L比(11.57±2.43)mmol/L、(5.58±1.29)%比(7.21±1.67)%],差异均有统计学意义(t=-3.491、-4.322、-5.656,均P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组Ca、BALP水平均高于对照组[(2.67±0.45)mmol/L比(2.43±0.48)mmol/L、(19.38±3.31)U/L比(17.27±3.19)U/L],ALP水平低于对照组[(32.75±9.34)U/L比(36.82±9.49)U/L],差异均有统计学意义(t=2.669、3.357、-2.225,均P<0.05)。观察组不良反应发生率为5.56%(3/54),与对照组[9.43%(5/53)]比较,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.582,P=0.446)。结论度拉糖肽联合阿法骨化醇治疗2型糖尿病合并骨质疏松患者,可以有效提高临床疗效,控制血糖,改善骨质疏松情况,且具有安全性。