Membrane Separation Technology on Pharmaceutical Wastewater by Using MBR (Membrane Bioreactor)

This study demonstrated the feasibility of implementing of MBR in pharmaceutical wastewater independently, and concluded different applications of MBR in industries. Membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology was a new wastewater treatment technology with a combination of membrane separation technology and biological treatment technology, which had unique advantages on pharmaceutical wastewater treatment. The modified membrane rector design provided a significantly lower concentration of NH3-N, Phosphorous, Total Nitrogen and COD around the membranes, and subsequently a more sustainable membrane performance due to much lower overall fouling rates. In this paper, the classification and structure of biological waste water treatment by using MBR technology were summed up along with some examples of MBR in industrial wastewater treatment, which was emphatically analyzed and discussed. Finally, the prospect of MBR in industrial wastewater treatment was described. The industrial wastewater was a high-strength wastewater which had characteristics of complicated constituents, high organics concentration, highly toxic.

Breakthrough in the China's Separation Technology for Extraction of Rare Earth Elements

Separation technology of rare earth elements （REEs）, as the critical step in the separation process, had long been fraught with technical difficulty. A research project conducted by Baotou Shibo Rare Earth Extraction ＆ Equipment Co. Ltd., Baotou REE Research Institute, and Baotou Steel ＆ REE Group Hi-Tech Co. Ltd （Inner Mongolia）, has successfully solved the problem using a centrifugal extractor and advanced techniques to achieve a key breakthrough.

New Technology “Flotation to Form Agglomerates and Magnetic Separation” Allows Great Breakthrough for World Low-Grade Light Rare Earth Ores

Rare earth resources are relatively scarce worldwide, but their global consumption is increasing year-by-year. At present, China has about 36% of the global rare earth reserves, but provides 90% of the world＇s supply, which has generally met world demand and promoted the development of the world economy. In order to continuously and stably supply rare earths to international markets, the Chinese Government has financially supported the Institute of Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources within the China Geological Survey to study the utilization of low-grade rare earth ores. Following many years of experimental research, the project has developed a new technology entitled ＂Flotation to Form Agglomerates and then Magnetic Separation＂, which will bring a technological revolution to the world＇s light rare earth ore dressing.

Separation Technology of the World's Only Chambersite Deposit Has Achieved A Big Breakthrough

Chambersite is a rare mineral worldwide, a manganese chloride borate （Mn3BTO13C1）, which was first discovered in the recovered brine from a salt dome at Chambers, Texas, USA. This rare mineral has been proven to have a great utilization value in anti-nuclear radiation, high- temperature friction materials, medicine and stealth materials, and can be used in aerospace and aviation fields. China has the world＇s only mineable chambersite deposit in Jixian County, Tianjin.

Capillary Zone Electrophoretic Separation of Basic Proteins with Coated Columns Prepared by Sol-Gel Technology

Coated capillary columns were prepared by sol-gel technology and used in the separation of basic proteins with capillary zone electrophoresis. The results indicated that a significant decrease in protein adsorption was obtained and EOF was also diminished to zero in the pH range of 3-10.

Application and Regulation of Legal Science and Technology on the Pilot Program of the Reform of Separation between Complicated Cases and Simple Ones in Civil Procedure in the Basic People’s Courts

Blockchain,artificial intelligence,and other technologies have been increasingly integrated with the law,and the construction of smart justice and Internet courts in various places has a prominent effect on court informatization.The Supreme People’s Court is currently carrying out the pilot reform of separation between complicated and simple cases in civil procedure,and legal technology will inevitably become a major means to enable the reform.In the field of electronic litigation,legal technology itself has become a goal of the reform.Regarding the trials of pilot basic courts,legal technology has been more deeply applied in many links such as trial activities and trial management,playing an essential role in improving judicial efficiency,and becoming an important way to solve judicial dilemmas such as“litigation explosion.”However,the history of modern society reminds us that we should be reasonably optimistic about the development of technology,especially in the field of justice.

Separation Technologies of Potassium from Salt Lakes

1 Introduction Salt Lake,as a kind of chemical resources,has been attracted to many researchers,especially the resources of lithium.As reported,many kinds of brines exist in the world depending on the compositions of the brine.Based on the chemical composition the brines can be classified as the types of chloride,carbonate,sulfate.For different

Advances in Researches of Extraction, Separation, and Purification Technologies for Total Saponins of Panax notoginseng

Total saponins of Panax notoginseng have the functions of promoting blood circulation and removing phlegm, thus they have high medicinal value. There are many different extraction methods in the extraction and separation of total saponins of P. notoginseng . The extraction methods of total saponins of P. notoginseng are mainly divided into traditional extraction methods, modern extraction methods and compound extraction methods.

Conventional processes and membrane technology for carbon dioxide removal from natural gas:A review

Membrane technology is becoming more important for CO,_ separation from natural gas in the new era due to its process simplicity, relative ease of operation and control, compact, and easy to scale up as compared with conventional processes. Conventional processes such as absorption and adsorption for CO2 separation from natural gas are generally more energy demanding and costly for both operation and maintenance. Polymeric membranes are the current commercial membranes used for CO2 separation from natural gas. However, polymeric membranes possess drawbacks such as low permeability and selectivity, plasticization at high temperatures, as well as insufficient thermal and chemical stability. The shortcomings of commercial polymeric membranes have motivated researchers to opt for other alternatives, especially inorganic membranes due to their higher thermal stability, good chemical resistance to solvents, high mechanical strength and long lifetime. Surface modifications can be utilized in inorganic membranes to further enhance the selectivity, permeability or catalytic activities of the membrane. This paper is to provide a comprehensive review on gas separation, comparing membrane technology with other conventional methods of recovering CO2 from natural gas, challenges of current commercial polymeric membranes and inorganic membranes for CO2 removal and membrane surface modification for improved selectivity.

A review of intelligent ore sorting technology and equipment development

Under the background of increasingly scarce ore worldwide and increasingly fierce market competition,developing the mining industry could be strongly restricted.Intelligent ore sorting equipment not only improves ore use and enhances the economic benefits of enterprises but also increases the ore grade and lessens the grinding cost and tailings production.However,long-term research on intelligent ore sorting equipment found that the factors affecting sorting efficiency mainly include ore information identification technology,equipment sorting actuator,and information processing algorithm.The high precision,strong anti-interference capability,and high speed of these factors guarantee the separation efficiency of intelligent ore sorting equipment.Color ore sorter,X-ray ore transmission sorter,dual-energy X-ray transmission ore sorter,X-ray fluorescence ore sorter,and near-infrared ore sorter have been successfully developed in accordance with the different characteristics of minerals while ensuring the accuracy of equipment sorting and improving the equipment sorting efficiency.With the continuous improvement of mine automation level,the application of online element rapid analysis technology with high speed,high precision,and strong anti-interference capability in intelligent ore sorting equipment will become an inevitable trend of equipment development in the future.Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy,transientγneutron activation analysis,online Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,and nuclear magnetic resonance techniques will promote the development of ore sorting equipment.In addition,the improvement and joint application of additional high-speed and high-precision operation algorithms(such as peak area,principal component analysis,artificial neural network,partial least squares,and Monte Carlo library least squares methods)are an essential part of the development of intelligent ore sorting equipment in the future.

The effects of science,technology,society,environment(STSE)interactions on teaching chemistry

This study aimed to investigate the effects of making Science, Technology, Society and En-vironment relations on students’ comprehen-sion of chemistry topics through teaching che-mistry using STSE approach at secondary level. The study made use of the research model where pre and post tests were administered to control and treatment groups. The Chemistry Achievement Test (CAT) was used in the study. The sampling consisted of Grade 9 students studying at Anatolian High School and Voca-tional High School. Since the sampling had not been equated, in order to determine students’ logical and spatial thinking skills, they were administered Logical Thinking Skill Test and Mental Rotation test as pretests. Students were chosen randomly to take part in two control and two treatment groups. This experimental study was applied to the treatment group in teaching of “Separation of Mixtures” topic in Grade 9 Chemistry course during a four-week period. Students in the control group were taught through the traditional teaching methods. The data obtained were analyzed through the SPSS Software. As a result of the study, statistically significant increases were observed in the achievement levels of treatment group which received instruction using STSE relations. The change observed in the achievement levels of the control group was not statistically signifi-cant. The difference between the achievement levels of control and treatment groups in the posttests were favoring the treatment groups.

Simulation and heat exchanger network designs for a novel single-column cryogenic air separation process

To realize the industrialization of the novel single-column air separation process proposed in previous work,steady-state simulation for four different configurations of the single-column process with ternary(nitrogen,oxygen and argon)is developed.Then,exergy analysis of the single-column processes is also carried out and compared with the conventional double-column air separation process at the same capacity.Furthermore,based on the steady-state simulation of single-column processes,the different heat exchanger networks(HENs)for the main heat exchanger and subcooler in each process are designed.To obtain better performance for this novel process,optimization of process configuration and operation is investigated.The optimal condition and configuration for this process is consisted as:feedstock is divided into two streams and the reflux nitrogen is compressed at the approximate temperature of 301 K.In addition,HEN is optimized to minimize the utilities.HENs without utilities are obtained for the four different configurations of single-column process.Furthermore,capital costs of the HEN for different cases are estimated and compared.

Pressure characteristics of a hydrocyclone for fine particle separation

Solid-liquid hydrocyclones are mainly used to separate large particles, such as the particles of drilling fluid in petroleum industry, and large mineral particles. Till now the hydrocyclonic separation for fine particles is still a big problem. Basic separation principle of hydrocyclones and experimental research facility are simply introduced. The difficulty of separating fine particle is analyzed. Based on a solid-liquid hydrocyclone used for separating fine particles, relationships of dimensionless pressure characteristic parameters, i.e. Euler number and pressure drop ratio, with several main dimensionless parameters, such as split ratio, swirl number and gas-liquid ratio, were experimentally studied in detail. The research was carried out by using the hydrocyclonic separation experimental rig at the University of Bradford. It is shown that the less the size of particle, the less the value of radius of the balance orbit occupied by the particle, and then the more difficult for the particle to be separated. Experiments indicate that Euler number of the tested hydrocyclone increases with the rise of Reynolds number, split ratio, swirl number and gas-liquid ratio respectively, and the pressure drop ratio falls with the increase of Reynolds number, split ratio and swirl number respectively. It is concluded that the most effective way to decrease the unit energy dissipation of hydrocyclone is to reduce swirl number or gas-liquid ratio of the mixed media.

Processing, Recovery and Analysis of Precious Metals Using Molecular Recogntion Technology

IBC Advanced Technologies' Molecular Recognition Technology(MRT) products,trade named SuperLig,selectively and rapidly bind with target metal ions to remove them from solution.The MRT process can produce a high purity separation product of maximum added value at low cost.In this paper,applications of MRT in the precious metals industry,including selective commercial separations involving Au,Pd,Pt,Rh,and Ru,are described and discussed.Application of MRT to the analytical determination of precious metals is presented.Potential use of MRT in recovering precious metals from end-of-life(EOL) products is discussed.

Sprayed separation membranes: A systematic review and prospective opportunities

Membrane separation technology has been taken up for use in diverse applications such as water treatment,pharmaceutical,petroleum,and energy-related industries.Compared with the design of membrane materials,the innovation of membrane preparation technique is more urgent for the development of membrane separation technology,because it not only affects physicochemical properties and separation performance of the fabricated membranes,but also determines their potential in industrialized application.Among the various membrane preparation methods,spray technique has recently gained increasing attention because of its low cost,rapidity,scalability,minimum of environmental burden,and viability for nearly unlimited range of materials.In this Review article,we summarized and discussed the recent developments in separation membranes using the spray technique,including the fundamentals,important features and applications.The present challenges and future considerations have been touched to provide inspired insights for developing the sprayed separation membranes.

Development of Combined Biological Technology for Treatment of High-strength Organic Wastewater and Results of Case Studies

Our study group has developed a unique combined biological technology to treat high-strength organic wastewaters from the industries of dyestuff, pharmaceutical, chemical engineering and zymolysis by using the principles of anaerobic ecological niche and bio-phase separation. The study obtained five national invention patents and eight patent equipments. This technology contains four kernel processes-two-phase anaerobic-aerobic process, hydrolysis-acidification-oxidation process, UASBAF-oxidation process, and internal cycling-hydrolysis-oxidation process. Fifteen pilot projects were accomplished in the basins of Tai Lake, Huai River, Liao River and Songhua River, and their total capital investment reached 185.214 million Yuan (RMB). Compared to conventional wastewater treatment technology, the innovative technology is more cost-effective for high-strength organic wastewater treatment, can save capital investment by 15%-30%, lessen land usage by 20% to 40% and decrease the operating cost by 10% to 25%. The operating cost of treatment per cubic meter industrial wastewater could be below 0.6 to 1.4 Yuan (RMB).

高校科技成果转化相关法律风险实证分析

我国高校作为科技创新的重要供给主体,在国家法律法规激励下同时也是科技成果转化的主力军,然而我国高校科技成果转化率却不容乐观。影响高校科技成果转化率的因素众多,其中法律风险处于重要地位。本文抓住高校科技成果的知识产权属性,从知识产权的确权、交易、保护过程入手,以目前我国高校存在的转化模式以及具体的转化方式为着力点,对其中存在的法律风险进行分析,主要得出三个方面的法律风险:权属分割过程中的知识产权法律风险、价值评估过程中的知识产权法律风险和高校科技成果保护过程中的知识产权法律风险。最后,提出相关对策,包括:明确高校科技成果所有权归属及分割比例、选择适当的价值评估方式、建立健全本单位技术秘密保护制度等。

油田采出水处理技术的研究进展

在油田开采中,采出水的直接排放会对环境造成影响,通常需要经过深度处理后再排放或者回用。而油田采出水含油量高且含有高浓度有机物和悬浮物,处理难度大。水质特性、处理技术以及处理设备等都会对处理效果产生直接影响,因此,有必要对上述问题进行深入研究。本文对现有研究中油田采出水的水质特性、新型的膜分离技术以及气浮工艺进行了总结,分析了各类处理技术研究现状,并对今后发展趋势进行了展望。

变压吸附分离技术在催化干气乙烯回收中的应用

介绍了深冷分离技术、吸收分离技术和变压吸附分离技术3种催化干气乙烯回收技术。某石化公司炼油结构调整,催化干气产能由15×10^(4) t/a扩至21×10^(4) t/a,考虑变压吸附分离技术操作简单、无需辅助原料,操作条件变化后装置运行能快速平稳,以及综合能耗低等优势,仍继续采用该技术。根据扩能改造设计原则,将原两段法工艺改为一段法工艺,并将同时处于抽空步骤的塔数由2塔增加为3塔,处于吸附步骤的塔数由4塔增加为5塔。结果表明,产品质量相当时,扩能改造后综合能耗降低约14%,运行指标优于改造前。在减少碳排放的背景下,变压吸附分离技术因综合能耗低于其他技术,更具应用优势。

高职药物分离纯化技术课程思政的探索与实践

课程思政是当代高校大学生思想政治教育的新理念和新模式,即将教学内容蕴含的思想政治教育元素和承载的思想政治教育功能融入到各门专业课中。药物分离纯化技术是高职高专药品生产技术专业的核心课程,在药品生产技术专业人才培养中占据重要的地位。本文通过分析课程开展思政教育的必要性,结合时代特征、时事热点,深入挖掘专业思想政治教育元素,对该课程思政进行初步的探索与实践,从而在开展专业教学的同时实现立德树人。