广义Gamma分布弱湍流环境含指向误差串行中继水下无线光通信系统误码性能分析

鉴于目前普遍选用的水下弱湍流模型无法准确拟合实测数据的缺陷,选取经实验测试验证的广义Gamma分布来表征海洋弱湍流,以期合理评估受湍流等因素影响的水下无线光通信系统的误码性能。提出一种包含广义Gamma分布弱湍流、零/非零视轴指向误差以及无衰落信道冲激响应隐路径损耗和多径效应的混合衰落信道模型,据此推导混合衰落串行中继无线光通信系统平均误码率的数学闭型表达;通过数值仿真验证所推导的误码率理论表达式的准确性,并考察不同系统核心参数对误码率的影响。研究结果表明:串行中继节点的引入可有效提高系统的误码性能,以零视轴指向误差、最终传输距离达45 m、误码率需求10-3为例,引入1至3个串行中继节点后,系统从一开始的无法工作,变为所需的发射功率分别降低至24 dBm、12 dBm和6 dBm;而光源初始发散角增大导致的无衰落信道冲激响应时延扩展,即符号间干扰,则会严重降低此性能改善。

Data Scale, Data Scope and Platform Enterprise Performance: Insights from Digital Platform M&As

Data is a key asset for digital platforms,and mergers and acquisitions(M&As)are an important way for platform enterprises to acquire it.The types of data obtained from intra-industry and cross-sector M&As differ,as does the extent to which they interact within or between platforms.The impact of such data on corporate market performance is an important question to consider when selecting strategies for digital platform M&As.Based on our research on advertising-driven platforms,we developed a two-stage Hotelling game model for comparing the market performance effects of intra-industry M&As and cross-sector M&As for digital platforms.We carried out an empirical test using relevant data from advertising-driven digital platforms between 2009 and 2021,as well as a case study on Baidu’s M&A activities.Our research discovered that intra-industry M&As driven by“data economies of scale”and cross-sector M&As driven by“data economies of scope”are both beneficial to the market performance of platform enterprises.Intra-industry M&As have a more significant positive effect on the market performance of platform enterprises because the same types of data are easier to integrate and develop the“network effect of data scale”.From a data factor perspective,this paper reveals the inherent economic logic by which different types of M&As influence the market performance of digital platforms,as well as policymaking recommendations for all digital platforms to select M&A strategies based on data scale,data scope,and the network effect of data.

An efficient microreactor with continuous serially connected micromixers for the synthesis of superparamagnetic magnetite nanoparticles

A new microreactor with continuous serially connected micromixers(CSCM)was tailored for the coprecipitation process to synthesize Fe_(3)O_(4) nanoparticles.Numerical simulation reveals that the two types of CSCM microchannels(V-typed and U-typed)proposed in this work exhibited markedly better mixing performances than the Zigzag and capillary microchannels due to the promotion of Dean vortices.Complete mixing was achieved in the V-typed microchannel in 2.7 s at an inlet Reynolds number of 27.Fe_(3)O_(4) nanoparticles synthesized in a planar glass microreactor with the V-typed microchannel,possessing an average size of 9.3 nm and exhibiting superparamagnetism,had obviously better dispersity and uniformity and higher crystallinity than those obtained in the capillary microreactor.The new CSCM microreactor developed in this work can act as a potent device to intensify the synthesis of similar inorganic nanoparticles via multistep chemical precipitation processes.

56 Gbit/s低功耗分数间隔FFE PAM4 SerDes发射机设计

采用65 nm CMOS工艺设计了一款用于高速芯片互联的四电平脉冲幅度调制(PAM4) SerDes发射机。该发射机主要由最高有效位通道和最低有效位通道、时钟产生路径、前馈均衡模块、接口驱动电路等构成。采用一种无锁存的并串转换技术,以降低功耗;采用一种分数型前馈均衡技术,获得了超出奈奎斯特频率点的频率补偿峰值,从而扩展频率补偿范围,使输出信号能更好地适应信道。此外,采用带预充电结构的4∶1并串转换器,减小电荷共享效应对电路的影响。仿真结果表明,在1 V电源电压下,整体电路能实现56 Gbit/s PAM4输出信号,输出眼图清晰,且获得电平失配率为93.1%的高线性度,输出摆幅达到480 mV,功耗为75 mW。

Effects of high glucose and severe hypoxia on the biological behavior of mesenchymal stem cells at various passages

BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have been extensively studied for therapeutic potential,due to their regenerative and immunomodulatory properties.Serial passage and stress factors may affect the biological characteristics of MSCs,but the details of these effects have not been recognized yet.AIM To investigate the effects of stress factors(high glucose and severe hypoxia)on the biological characteristics of MSCs at different passages,in order to optimize the therapeutic applications of MSCs.METHODS In this study,we investigated the impact of two stress conditions;severe hypoxia and high glucose on human adipose-tissue derived MSCs(hAD-MSCs)at passages 6(P6),P8,and P10.Proliferation,senescence and apoptosis were evaluated measuring WST-1,senescence-associated beta-galactosidase,and annexin V,respectively.RESULTS Cells at P6 showed decreased proliferation and increased apoptosis under conditions of high glucose and hypoxia compared to control,while the extent of senescence did not change significantly under stress conditions.At P8 hAD-MSCs cultured in stress conditions had a significant decrease in proliferation and apoptosis and a significant increase in senescence compared to counterpart cells at P6.Cells cultured in high glucose at P10 had lower proliferation and higher senescence than their counterparts in the previous passage,while no change in apoptosis was observed.On the other hand,MSCs cultured under hypoxia showed decreased senescence,increased apoptosis and no significant change in proliferation when compared to the same conditions at P8.CONCLUSION These results indicate that stress factors had distinct effects on the biological processes of MSCs at different passages,and suggest that senescence may be a protective mechanism for MSCs to survive under stress conditions at higher passage numbers.

面向高速PAM4有线收发机的自适应和低复杂度最大似然序列检测器

高速串行收发机是中央处理器、网卡和交换机等高性能芯片的关键部件.判决反馈均衡器(decision feedback equalization,DFE)是高速串行收发机的主要判决电路.针对传统DFE在高码间干扰(intersymbol interference,ISI)信道下的高误码率制约串行收发机速率提升的问题,提出一种面向4电平调制(4 pulse amplitude modulation,PAM4)串行收发机的自适应、低复杂度的减状态序列检测器(adaptive reduced-state sequence detector,ARSSD).ARSSD基于最大似然序列检测结构降低检测误码率;结合Viterbi算法和分区算法降低运算复杂度;采用基于迫零算法的ISI参数获取方式实现检测器参数的自适应更新.所提结构最终完成了行为仿真、电路设计以及系统验证.基于模拟前端芯片和现场可编程门阵列电路的实验结果表明,与传统DFE相比,当12~64 Gbps PAM4信号经过−8~−18 dB@16 GHz衰减信道时,32×4路并行ARSSD检测误码率降低2个数量级,与行为仿真结果一致.

基于SRAM缓存和存内计算的低功耗关键词唤醒系统

为了解决关键词唤醒算法部署在边缘计算硬件会带来较高功耗、给电池驱动的设备带来续航挑战的问题,提出了一种基于存内计算技术和软硬件协同优化的低功耗关键词唤醒系统。在算法层面,基于标准MFCC算法拓扑结构提出了一种三值量化MFCC-CNN联合算法,将MFCC中的全部通用矩阵乘映射到神经网络加速器当中。在电路层面,提出了一种基于SRAM的存内计算核心,用于解决传统冯·诺依曼架构加速器存在的功耗墙和存储墙问题。同时通过复用存内计算核心的SRAM存储功能提出了一种基于查找表实现的缓存电路,用于替代寄存器延迟链电路。SRAM存内计算核心和SRAM缓存电路均采用定制单元实现。在系统层面,基于以上2种定制电路设计了一种低功耗关键词唤醒系统。该系统采用ASIC与定制化电路设计流程设计,并使用28 nm CMOS工艺库对该设计进行了ASIC综合,在250 kHz下,关键词唤醒系统运行10分类任务的延迟是64 ms,整体功耗为645.28μW,其中MFCC流水线的动态功耗占总动态功耗的5.9%,总功耗仅占系统功耗的1.3%。

不完美串行干扰消除下多RIS辅助的NOMA系统中断性能

考虑到实际通信应用中不能实现完美的串行干扰消除(SIC,serialinterferencecancellation),研究了不完美SIC情况下多个智能反射面(RIS,reconfigurableintelligentsurface)辅助的非正交多址接入(NOMA,non-orthogonal multiple access)系统的中断性能和吞吐量。联合考虑直射链路和反射链路,利用Gamma分布近似表征多RIS辅助NOMA系统的信道系数,推导出用户中断概率的近似闭合表达式,并通过Monte-Carlo仿真进行验证,分析系统中断性能与不完美SIC、RIS个数及反射单元数等因素的关系。仿真结果表明,与单RIS辅助的NOMA系统和传统NOMA系统相比,在给定中断概率要求下,多RIS辅助系统所需的信噪比(SNR,signal-to-noise ratio)降低了14.2 dBm,说明了采用多个RIS可以有效地提升用户的中断性能和系统吞吐量,从而补偿不完美SIC带来的性能损失。

Multi-Plate Microbial Monitoring Terminal Based on Raspberry Pi 4B

We utilized Raspberry Pi 4B to develop a microbial monitoring system to simplify the microbial image-capturing process and facilitate the informatization of microbial observation results.The Raspberry Pi 4B firmware,developed under Python on the Linux platform,achieves sum verification of serial data,file upload based on TCP protocol,control of sequence light source and light valve,real-time self-test based on multithreading,and an experiment-oriented file management method.The system demonstrated improved code logic,scheduling,exception handling,and code readability.

基于Cortex-M3的串口与CAN转换模块的设计与实现

针对采用控制器局域网络(CAN:Controller Area Network)总线的自动操舵系统和采用串口通讯的航海导航设备之间通讯的不匹配问题,设计了一种基于Cortex-M3嵌入式平台的通信转换模块,实现了串口与CAN总线数据的双向转换功能。同时对传统CAN收发器CTM1050存在的信号稳定性不足、波特率精准度低等问题,提出并实现了一种硬件电路的替代方案,提高了数据通讯的时效性和稳定性。基于CAN2.0B扩展帧,设计了自动操舵系统内部CAN总线协议。该协议可根据报文信息优先级分配标识帧,保证了总线数据的有序传输。实验结果表明,该通讯模块功能使用正常且通讯效果良好,具有一定通用性,可在多种需要转换的设备系统上推广使用。

串行链路IBIS-AMI模型信号完整性分析及优化

为解决高速串行链路通信时由于均衡器未精细配置导致的信号完整性问题,通过研究IBIS-AMI模型均衡结构对信号完整性的影响,使用田口试验法建立仿真试验,实现各均衡参数优化,解决了均衡器参数需要精细配置的问题。建立并分析一阶线性模型,对最佳参数组合下的眼图做出预测,并将仿真值与预测值进行对比,验证了最佳参数组合的准确性。在最佳均衡参数下,发射端与接收端得到的预测值和仿真值最大偏差不超过6%,证明了该最佳参数组合是准确的。眼图扩张程度提升了25%,信号质量明显变好,为系统驱动程序设置与信号完整性研究提供了较好的指导与参考。

Improved Design and SOVA Algorithm for Serial Concatenated Convolutional Code

To improve the performance of the short interleaved serial concatenated convolutional code(SCCC) with low decoding iterative times, the structure of Log MAP algorithm is introduced into the conventional SOVA decoder to improve its performance at short interleaving delay. The combination of Log MAP and SOVA avoids updating the matrices of the maximum path, and also makes a contribution to the requirement of short delay. The simulation results of several SCCCs show that the improved decoder can obtain satisfied performance with short frame interleaver and it is suitable to the high bit rate low delay communication systems.

基于串行时分CC-CDMA的雷达通信一体化

为了提升目标检测性能,解决多目标和多用户之间的自干扰和互干扰问题,基于串行时分互补码−码分多址(CC-CDMA)技术提出一种雷达通信一体化系统。首先,借用码分复用机理在发射端通过广义普洛黑−修−莫尔斯(GPTM)序列调整互补码中不同子序列对不同时间片上信号的扩频顺序,生成雷达通信一体化信号。其次,雷达接收端通过2次处理,利用逐点最小化方法将处理结果进行融合,提升雷达子系统的目标检测能力。最后,在通信接收端使用对应发射端扩频顺序的子序列对接收到的信号进行解扩,通过交织编码和汉明编码进一步降低误码率。仿真结果表明,与其他雷达通信一体化系统相比,所提系统具有更低的误码率、更高的多普勒分辨率和更好的旁瓣抑制性能。

多尺度可变形Transformer纸币序列号识别

纸币序列号识别系统在纸币流通的监管中扮演着重要角色,而纸币在实际使用的过程中会产生变形或受到污染导致纸币序列号呈现出不规则文本的特点。为满足不规则纸币序列号的识别需求,提出基于多尺度可变形Transformer的纸币序列号的识别方法。通过自主搭建的纸币序列号检测平台获取纸币序列号图像传输至计算机。序列号图像通过骨干网络提取特征图并传输至编码器,通过多尺度可变形注意力机制进一步提取文本的多尺度特征信息,随后采用多边形边界框检测机制,经候选框生成器提取文本的粗边界框,引导位置解码器中的多边形边界框坐标的回归训练,字符解码器在位置解码器预测文本边界框的同时进行字符预测,最终输出纸币序列号文本识别结果。实验结果表明,该方法能够满足纸币序列号在线检测与识别的需求。

基于Nios Ⅱ的Serial EEPROM测试方法研究

文章介绍了Serial EEPROM的测试原理,提出了一种基于Nios Ⅱ软核CPU测试Serial EEPROM 的方法,该方法具有稳定性高、所需器件少、可编程、低成本等优点。在Serial EEPROM的大量测试中可以代替昂贵的测试系统,是一种性价比较高的替代测试方案。

Mine-used multi-function serial signal converter based on Ethernet

A mine-used multi-function serial signal converter is introduced.This converter is based on Ethernet.The core of this design is embedded microprocessor STM32F107VCT6.Embedded operation system μC/OS-Ⅱ is transplanted into this converter,and light-weight Internet protocal （LwIP） stack is also embedded to realize mutual conversion of serial signals such as meter bus （M-Bus） signal,RS485 signal,RS232 signal and Ethernet signal.Interconnection between all kinds of monitoring system interfaces under coal mine can be formed easily,which can solve compatibility problem between monitoring system and communication system and improve overall performance of safety monitoring system.The designed multi-function serial signal converter is of great value for application,which is worthy to be popularized in coal mine safety production.

The Women Characters of the 1930s in the Chinese TV Serials

The women of the 1930s in the Chinese TV serials deduct inspiring stories.They play different roles in the big wealthy families such as mothers-in-law,daughters-in-law,and maidservants.There are unceasing conflicts between these women,because of their struggle for men's love,wealth or social position.The theme of their stories is always about fertility,love,kindness and evil,with the ending being either comic or tragic.The stories of various kinds of women of the 1930s in the Chinese TV serials decorate and enrich the lives of many of us latecomers and their names are passed on from generation to generation.

面向112 Gbps PAM4串行接收机的低误码协同自适应均衡器

高速串行接口是高性能计算机和数据中心芯片之间互连的核心关键IP。随着业界单通道速率由56 Gbps向112 Gbps发展,高速串行接口的误码率急剧增加,严重影响互连性能和系统稳定性。针对112 Gbps PAM4接收机误码率高的难题,首次采取一种协同自适应均衡器构架,提出了面向3种均衡器的自适应协同均衡算法,能在高插入损耗条件下取得较低误码率;提出了基于判决反馈均衡器的盲自适应均衡算法,能缩短链路训练时间,减少硬件开销。采用12 nm CMOS工艺完成了基于协同自适应均衡器的接收机设计。仿真结果表明,针对经过36.5 dB信道的去加重112 Gbps PAM4信号,采取协同自适应均衡器的接收机误码率小于1e^(-12),收敛周期约400 ns,功耗增幅仅约2.3%。

NOMA残余干扰下D2D网络的能效资源分配算法

为了解决非理想串行干扰消除(serial interference cancellation,SIC)解码引起的残余干扰给非正交多址接入(non-orthogonal multiple access,NOMA)增强型设备到设备(device-to-device,D2D)组链路带来的高能耗、低信道利用率问题,提出一种基于能效优化的资源分配算法。在保证蜂窝、D2D组用户通信服务质量和复用子信道个数约束条件下,建立能效优化模型;使用一种以D2D组能效为权重的加权二部图最大匹配联合匈牙利算法为每个D2D组分配子信道;考虑到各接收机用户在相同和不同残余干扰下的能效问题,通过参数变换、Dinkelbach法和拉格朗日对偶法实现功率分配。仿真结果表明,提出的算法在非理想SIC条件下可有效提升系统D2D组链路的信道利用率和总能效。

基于Protues与LabVIEW仿真软件的串口通信模块设计

阐述通过Protues与LabVIEW软件的串口通信设计,完成工程中数据通信实时显示与测试。LabVIEW软件结合数据采集卡、各类传感器,实现各类场景的测试与监控。通过Protues与LabVIEW软件的串口通信设计积累仿真软件开发各类项目的能力。