The proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 geneE670G polymorphism and serum lipid levels in the Guangxi Bai Ku Yao and Han populations

Background The association of E670G polymorphism in the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) gene and serum lipid profiles is inconsistent in dif- ferent ethnic groups.Bai Ku Yao is a special subgroup of the Yao minority in China.The present study was undertaken association of PCSK9 E670G polymorphism and several environmental factors with serum lipid levels in the Guangxi Bai Ku Yao and Han populations.Methods A total of 649 subjects of Bai Ku Yao and 646 participants of Han Chinese were randomly selected from our previous stratified randomized cluster samples.Genotyping of the PCSK9 E670G polymorphism was performed by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism combined with gel electrophoresis,and then confirmed by direct sequencing. Results The levels of serum total cholesterol(TC),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) and apolipoprotein(Apo) AI were lower in Bai Ku Yao than in Han(P【0.01 for all).The frequency of A and G alleles was 98.00%and 2.00%in Bai Ku Yao,and 95.20%and 4.80%in Han(P【0.01);respectively. The frequency of AA,AG and GG genotypes was 95.99%,4.01%and 0%in Bai Ku Yao,and 91.02%, 8.36%and 0.62%in Han(P【0.01);respectively.There were also significant differences in the genotypic and allelic frequencies between n and the ratio of ApoAI to ApoB in Han Chinese but not in Bai Ku Yao were different between the AA and AG/GG genotypes(P【0.05 for all).The G allele carriers had higher serum HDL-C and higher ApoAI to ApoB ratio than the G allele noncarriers.When serum lipid parameters in Han were analyzed according to sex,the G allele carriers had higher serum HDL and ApoAI levels in males (P【0.05),and lower ApoB level and higher ApoAI to ApoB ratio in females(P【0.05 for all).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that serum HDL-C levels were correlated with genotypes in both ethnic groups(P【0.05 each).Serum lipid parameters were also correlated with sex,age,body massindex,alcohol consumption,cigarette smoking,and blood pressure in both ethnic groups(P【0.05-0.001).Conclusions These results suggest that the PCSK9 E670G polymorphism is mainly associated with some serum lipid parameters in the Han population,both gender show different relations to different serum lipid parameters.The G allele carriers might have higher serum lipid profiles than the G allele noncarriers. ormal LDL-C(≤3.20 mmol/L) and high LDL-C subgroups (】 3.20 mmol/L,P【0.01;respectively) in Bai Ku Yao, and between normal ApoB(≤1.14 g/L) and high ApoB subgroups(】 1.14 g/L,P 【 0.01;respectively) in Han.

Interactions of the apolipoprotein A5 gene polymorphisms and alcohol consumption on serum lipid levels

Objectives Apolipoprotein(Apo) A5 gene poly-morphisms and alcohol consumption have been associated with increased serum triglyceride(TG) levels,but little is known about their interactions on serum lipid levels.The present study was undertaken polymorphismsand alcohol consumption on serum lipid levels.Methods A total of 516 unrelated nondrinkers and 514 drinkers aged 15 -89 were randomly selected from our previous stratified randomized cluster samples.Genotyping of the ApoA5was performed by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism,and then confirmed by direct sequencing.Interactions of the ApoA5alcohol consumption were assessed by using a cross-product term between genotypes and the aforementioned factor.Results The levels of total cholesterol (TC),TG,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), ApoA1 and ApoB were higher in drinkers than in nondrinkers (P【0.05-0.001).The genotypic and allelic frequencies of the three single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) were not different between the two groups.The levels of TG in non-drinkers, and TC,TG,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)and ApoB in drinkers were different among the three -1131T】C genotypes(P【0.05-0.001).The -1131C allele carriers had higher serum TC,TG,LDL-C and ApoB levels than the allele noncarriers.The levels of TG,HDL-C and ApoB in nondrinkers,and TG and HDL-C in drinkers were different between the two c.553G】T genotypes(P【0.05-0.01).The C.553T allele carriers had higher serum TG and ApoB levels,and lower HDL-C levels than the allele noncarriers.Serum lipid levels in nondrinkers were not different among the three c.457G】A genotypes(P【0.05 for all), but the levels of HDL-C,LDL-C,ApoA1 and ApoB in drinkers were different between the GG and GA/AA geno-types (P【0.05-0.001).The C.457A allele carriers had lower serum HDL-C,LDL-C,ApoAl and ApoB levels than the allele noncarriers.We also observed four haplotypes:G-G-T, G-G-C,G-A-T,and T-G-C with frequencies ranging from 0.06 to 0.87,representing 100%of all haplotypes in the both populations.The ApoA5 haplotypes were significantly(P【0.05) associated at the global level with TC,TG,HDL-C, LDL-C,Apo1,and ApoB,even after correction for multiple testing with permutation test.In particular,carriers of haplo-type G-G-C had significantly higher TC,TG,LDL-C,ApoB than noncarriers,whereas carriers of haplotype C-A-T had significantly lower TC,LDL-C,ApoAl and ApoB,and higher HDL-C than noncarriers.Serum TC levels in nondrinkers were correlated with -1131T】C genotype and allele(P【0.05 for each),whereas serum TC,TG and LDL-C levels in drinkers were associated with -1131 T】C and C.553G】T genotypes,or c.457G】A alleles(P【0.05-0.001).Serum lipid parameters were also correlated with several environmental factors in the both groups.Conclusions The differences in serum lipid profiles between the drinkers and nondrinkers might partly result from different interactions of ApoA5 gene polymor phisms and alcohol consumption.genotypes and -1131T】C, c.553G】T and c.457G】A to detect the interactions of the ApoA5

Association of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T polymorphism and serum lipid levels in the Guangxi Bai Ku Yao and Han populations

Objectives The association of methylenetetrahy-drofolate reductase(MTHFR) gene polymorphism and serum lipid profiles is still controversial in diverse ethnics.Bai Ku Yao is an isolated subgroup of the Yao minority in China. The aim of the present study was to eveluate the association of MTHFR C677Tpolymorphism and several environmental factors with serum lipid levels in the Guangxi Bai Ku Yao and Han populations.Methods A total of 780 subjects of Bai Ku Yao and 686 participants of Han Chinese were randomly selected from our previous stratified randomized cluster samples.Genotyping of the MTHFR C677T was performed by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism combined with gel electrophoresis,and then confirmed by direct sequencing.Results The levels of serum total cholesterol(TC),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), apolipoprotein(Apo) AI and ApoB were lower in Bai Ku Yao than in Han(P【0.05-0.001).The frequency of C and T alleles was 77.4%and 22.6%in Bai Ku Yao,and 60.9%and 39.1%in Han(P【0.001);respectively.The frequency of CC,CT and TT genotypes was 58.7%,37.3%and 4.0%in Bai Ku Yao,and 32.6%,56.4%and 11.0%in Han(P【 0.001);respectively.The levels of TC and LDL-C in both ethnic groups were significant differences among the three genotypes(P【0.05-0.01).The T allele carriers had higher serum TC and LDL-C levels than the T allele noncarriers. The levels of ApoB in Han were significant differences among the three genotypes(P【0.05).The T allele carriers had higher serum ApoB levels as compared with the T allele noncarriers. The levels of TC,TG and LDL-C in Bai Ku Yao were correlated with genotypes(P【0.05-0.001),whereas the levels of LDL-C in Han were associated with genotypes(P【 0.001).Serum lipid parameters were also correlated with sex, age,body massindex,alcohol consumption,cigarette smoking, and blood pressure in the both ethnic groups.Conclusions The differences in serum TC,TG,LDL-C and ApoB levels between the two ethnic groups might partly result from different genotypic and allelic frequencies of the MTHFR C677Tor differentMTHFR gene-enviromental interactions.

Relationship between the low density lipoprotein receptor gene polymorphism and serum lipid levels in the Guangxi Bai Ku Yao population

Objectives Bai Ku Yao(White-trousers Yaos)is a special branch of Yao minority in China.They are now living in both Lihu and Baxu villages,Nandan County, Guangxi,China.The population size is about 30,000.The special customs and culture of Bai Ku Yao,including their special clothing,intra-ethnic marriages and alcohol intake are still completely conserved to the present day.In previous epidemiologic studies,we found that the serum lipid levels and the prevalence of hyperlipidaemia were lower in Bai Ku Yao than in Han Chinese from the same region.This ethnic difference in serum lipid profiles is still not well known.We hypothesized that there may be significant differences in some genetic polymorphismsssociation of low density lipoprotein receptor (LDL-R) genepolymorphism and several environmental factors with serum lipid levels in the Guangxi Bai Ku Yao and Han populations.Methods A total of 1024 subjects of Bai Ku Yao and 792 participants of Han Chinese were stud- ied by a stratified randomized cluster sampling.Epidemiological survey was carried out using internationally standardized methods.Information on demographics,socioeconomic status, and lifestyle factors was collected with standardized questionnaires. The height,weight,waist circumference,blood pressure, and serum total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),apolipoprotein(Apo) A1, and ApoB were measured.Body massindex(BMI,kg/m2) was calculated.Genotyping of the LDL-RAvaⅡwas performed by polymerse chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism combined with gel electrophoresis,and then confirmed by direct sequencing.Results(l)The height,weight,serum TC,HDL-C,LDL-C,ApoAl levels and the ratio of ApoAl to ApoB were lower in Bai Ku Yao than in Han Chinese(P【0.01 for all),whereas the percentage of subjects who consumed alcohol or smoked cigarettes was higher in Bai Ku Yao than in Han Chinese(P【0.01 for each).(2) The frequency of A+ allele in Bai Ku Yao was 34.5%,and the frequencies of A-A-,A-A+ and A+A + genotypes were 42.6%,45.9%and 11.5%;respectively. The frequency of A+ allele in Han Chinese was 19.3%(P【0.001),and the frequencies of A-A-,A-A + and A+A+ genotypes were 64.9%,31.6%and 3.5%(P【0.001);respectively. The frequencies of A-A-,A-A+ and A+A+ genotypes in Bai Ku Yao were significant difference between males and females,between normal TC and high TC subgroup, and between normal LDL-C and high LDL-C subgroup (P【0.05 for all),whereas the frequencies of A- and A+ ? alleles in Han Chinese were significant difference between males and females(P【0.05).(3) Serum LDL-C levels in Bai Ku Yao were significant difference among the A-A-, A-A+ and A+A+ genotypes(P【0.05),the A+ carriers had higher serum LDL-C levels.Serum HDL-C levels in Han Chiese were significant difference among the A-A-,A-A + and A+A+ genotypes(P【0.01),the A+ carriers had higher serum HDL-C levels.(4) After adjusting other factors,the prevalence of LDL-C abnormality was still higher in Han Chiese than in Bai Ku Yao.The prevalence of TC abnormality in Han Chinese was almost twice high as in Bai Ku Yao. The age and diet were common risk factor for TC abnormality. No effect of AvaⅡgenotype or alcohol consumption on the TC abnormality was found,but the combination of geno-type and alcohol consumption can increase the prevalence of TC abnormality[Exp(B) =(1.154)].Age was negatively cor- related with TG level.Conclusions Serum TC and LDL-C levels were lower in Bai Ku Yao than in Han Chinese.There were significant differences in the AvaⅡallele and genotype frequencies between the he A+ carriers in Bai Ku Yao had higher serum LDL-C levels,whereas the A+ carriers in Han had higher serum HDL-C levels.Interactions between alcohol consumption or cigarette smoking and the LDL-R AvaⅡgenotype were also observed.The differences in the serum lipid profiles between the two ethnic groups might partly result from different genotypic frequency of LDL-R AvaⅡpolymorphism or differentgene-enviromental interactions.Bai Ku Yao and Han population,the frequency of A + allele was higher in Bai Ku Yao than in Han.T between the two ethnic groups.Therefore,the aim of the present study was to detect the

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta+294T>C polymorphism and serum lipid levels in the Guangxi Bai Ku Yao and Han populations

Objectives The association of peroxisome prolif-erator -activated receptor delta(PPARD) +294T】C polymorphism and serum lipid levels is inconsistent in several previous studies.Bai Ku Yao is an isolated association of PPARD +294T】C(rs2016520) polymorphism and several environmental factors with serum lipid levels in the Guangxi Bai Ku Yao and Han populations.Methods A total of 609 subjects of Bai Ku Yao and 573 participants of Han Chinese were randomly selected from our previous stratified randomized cluster samples.Genotyping of the PPARD +294T】C polymorphism was performed by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism combined with gel electrophoresis, and then confirmed by direct sequencing.Results The levels of serum total cholesterol(TC),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),apolipoprotein(Apo) AI and ApoB were lower in Bai Ku Yao than in Han(P【0.001 for all).The frequency of T and C alleles was 77.50%and 22.50%in Bai Ku Yao,and 72.43%and 27.57%in Han (P【0.01);respectively.The frequency of TT,TC and CC genotypes was 60.59%,33.83%and 5.53%in Bai Ku Yao, and 52.18%,40.50%and 7.32%in Han(P【0.05);respectively. The levels of LDL-C,ApoB and the ratio of ApoAI to ApoB in Bai Ku Yao were different among the three genotypes in females but not in males(P【0.05 for all).The subjects with TT and TC genotypes had lower serum LDL-C and ApoB levels and higher the ratio of ApoAI to ApoB than the CC genotype in females.The levels of TC and ApoB in the total Han population were different among the three genotypes (P【0.05 for all).The C allele carriers had higher serum TC and ApoB levels than the C allele noncarriers.When serum lipid levels were analyzed according to sex,the difference in serum TC levels in Han was significant in males(P【0.01) but not in females,whereas the difference in serum ApoB levels was significant in females(P【0.05)but not in males. Serum TC and ApoB levels were correlated with genotypes in Han(P【0.05 for each) but not in Bai Ku Yao.Serum lipid parameters were also correlated with sex,age,body massindex, alcohol consumption,cigarette smoking,and blood pressure in both ethnic groups.Conclusions These results suggest that the association of PPARD +294T】C polymorphism and serum lipid levels is different between the Bai Ku Yao and Han populations.The discrepancy between the two ethnic groups might partly result from different PPARD +294T】C polymorphism or PPARD gene-enviromental interactions,subgroup of the Yao minority in China.

Association of the LIPG 584C>T polymorphism and serum lipid levels in the Guangxi Bai Ku Yao and Han populations

Objectives Endotheliallipase(EL) is a major determinantof high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-C) metabolism,but the association of endothelial lipase gene (LIPG) polymorphism and serum HDL-C levels is scarce and conflicting in diverse populations.Bai Ku Yao is an isolated subgroup of the Yao minority in China.This study was designed to detect the association of LIPG 584C】T(rs2000813) polymorphism and several environmental factors with serum lipid levels in the Guangxi Bai Ku Yao and Han populations. Methods A total of 645 subjects of Bai Ku Yao and 638 participants of Han Chinese were randomly selected from our previous stratified randomized cluster samples.Genotyping of the LIPG584C】T was performed by polymerse chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism combined with gel electrophoresis,and then confirmed by direct sequencing. Results The levels of serum total cholesterol(TC),HDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) and apolipoprotein (Apo) AI and ApoB were lower in Bai Ku Yao than in Han(P【0.05-0.001).The frequency of C and T alleles was 73.5%and 26.5%in Bai Ku Yao,and 67.9%and 32.1%in Han(P【0.01).The frequency of CC,CT and TT genotypes was 50.4%,46.2%and 3.4%in Bai Ku Yao,and 41.4%, 53.1%and 5.5%in Han(P【0.01);respectively.Serum HDL-C levels in both ethnic groups were different among the three genotypes(P【0.05 for each).Serum TC levels in both ethnic groups were also different between CC and CT/TT types(P【 0.05 for each).The T allele carriers had higher serum HDL-C and TC levels than the T allele noncarriers.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the levels of HDL-C and ApoB were correlated with genotype in Bai Ku Yao(P【 0.05 for each),whereas the levels of TC and HDL-C were associated with genotype in Han Chinese(P【0.05 and P【 0.01).Serum lipid parameters were also correlated with gender, age,weight,body massindex,alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking,and blood pressure in the both ethnic groups.Conclusions The frequency of LIPG 584Tallele is lower in the Bai Ku Yao than in the Han populations.The LIPG 584Tallele is associated with serum HDL-C and TC levels.The differences in serum lipid profiles between the two ethnic groups might partly result from different genotypic and allelic of LIPG 584C 】T or different LIPG-enviromental interactions.

Serum lipid levels and their risk factors in theGuangxi Mu Lao Zu population

Objectives Mu Lao Zu population.Methods A total of 1055 subjects of Mu Lao Zu were studied by a stratified randomized cluster sampling.Blood pressure,body height, body weight,waist circumference and serum lipid and apolipoprotein(Apo) levels were measured.The data were compared with those in 969 subjects of Han Chinese from the same region.In order to evaluate the association of hyperlipidemia with nine possible riks factors,multivariate logistic regression analysis was also performed in the combined population of Mu Lao Zu and Han,Mu Lao Zu,and Han;respectively. Results The levels of total cholesterol,triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and ApoB in Mu Lao Zu were significantly higher than those in Han(P【0.05-0.001); but the levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,ApoA1 and ApoA1/Apo were significantly lower than those in Han (P【0.001 ).The prevalence of hyperlipidemia and Hypercholesterolemia was also significantly higher in Mu Lao Zu than in Han(53.0%vs.46.1%,P【0.001) and(44.5%vs. 37.5%,P【0.001).There was no difference in the prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia between the both ethnic groups (22.8%vs.19.4%,P】0.05).Hyperlipidemia was positively correlated with age,BMI,and systolic blood pressureMu Lao Zu(P【0.05),whereas it was positively correlated with BMI and hypertension in Han(P【0.05 for each).Conclusions The serum lipid profiles,the prevalence of hyperlipidemia and the risk factors are different between the Mu Lao Zu and Han populations.The differences in serum lipid profiles between the two ethnic groups might result from different dietary habit,life style,as well as genetic factors,in ? To determine the serum lipid levels and their risk factors in the Guangxi.

Review on article of effects of tenofovir alafenamide and entecavir in chronic hepatitis B virus patients

This letter comments on the article which reported that tenofovir alafenamide may increase blood lipid levels compared with entecavir in patients with chronic hepatitis B published on World J Hepatol 2023 August 27.We review the related research content,topic selection,methodology,conclusions,strengths and weaknesses of this article.And evaluate it in relation to other published relevant articles.