Background:YangshenDingzhi granules(YSDZ)are clinically effective in preventing and treating COVID-19.The present study elucidates the underlying mechanism of YSDZ intervention in viral pneumonia by employing serum ph...Background:YangshenDingzhi granules(YSDZ)are clinically effective in preventing and treating COVID-19.The present study elucidates the underlying mechanism of YSDZ intervention in viral pneumonia by employing serum pharmacochemistry and network pharmacology.Methods:The chemical constituents of YSDZ in the blood were examined using ultraperformance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS).Potential protein targets were obtained from the SwissTargetPrediction database,and the target genes associated with viral pneumonia were identified using GeneCards,DisGeNET,and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man(OMIM)databases.The intersection of blood component-related targets and disease-related targets was determined using Venny 2.1.Protein-protein interaction networks were constructed using the STRING database.The Metascape database was employed to perform enrichment analyses of Gene Ontology(GO)functions and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)signaling pathways for the targets,while the Cytoscape 3.9.1 software was utilized to construct drug-component-disease-target-pathway networks.Further,in vitro and in vivo experiments were performed to establish the therapeutic effectiveness of YSDZ against viral pneumonia.Results:Fifteen compounds and 124 targets linked to viral pneumonia were detected in serum.Among these,MAPK1,MAPK3,AKT1,EGFR,and TNF play significant roles.In vitro tests revealed that the medicated serum suppressed the replication of H1N1,RSV,and SARS-CoV-2 replicon.Further,in vivo testing analysis shows that YSDZ decreases the viral load in the lungs of mice infected with RSV and H1N1.Conclusion:The chemical constituents of YSDZ in the blood may elicit therapeutic effects against viral pneumonia by targeting multiple proteins and pathways.展开更多
Serum pharmacochemistry of traditional Chinese medicine has become a more accurate and rapidly developing reasonable way to analyze the effective material basis of traditional Chinese medicine in recent years. Through...Serum pharmacochemistry of traditional Chinese medicine has become a more accurate and rapidly developing reasonable way to analyze the effective material basis of traditional Chinese medicine in recent years. Through this method, we can select very complex Chinese medicine components and clarify the effective substances consistent with the main functions, and then separate and purify effective ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine, so as to explain the material basis of the drug effect and prove the rationality and principle of action of Chinese medicine compounds. It can show the multi-component and multi-target characteristic of traditional Chinese medicine, and after analyzing the migrating components of serum, we can explore the direct effective substances that act on the patient’s body, so as to accelerate and accurately complete the in-depth study of the effective substances of Chinese medicine.展开更多
Background:Shenzao dripping pill(SZDP)is empirically prescribed for treating cardiac diseases.Nevertheless,there is a lack of comprehensive knowledge regarding the underlying mechanisms contributing to its therapeutic...Background:Shenzao dripping pill(SZDP)is empirically prescribed for treating cardiac diseases.Nevertheless,there is a lack of comprehensive knowledge regarding the underlying mechanisms contributing to its therapeutic effects.The objective of this study is to investigate the underlying mechanism of SZDP against chronic myocardial ischemia(CMI)in a rat model.Methods:In this study,we utilized electrocardiographic and echocardiographic detection along with pathological tissue analysis to evaluate the efficacy of SZDP.The integration of network pharmacology and metabolomics was conducted to investigate the mechanisms.Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations were used to validate the binding energy between the compounds of SZDP and the associated targets.Results:The results showed that SZDP was able to improve T wave voltage,reverse CMI abnormalities in ejection fraction and fractional shortening,and restore histopathological heart damage.Metabolomics results indicated that disturbances of metabolic profile in CMI rats were partly corrected after SZDP administration,mainly affecting purine metabolism.13-Docosenamide may be the potential metabolic biomarker of the therapeutic application of SZDP for CMI.Integrating network pharmacology and metabolomics,thiopurine S-methyltransferase(TPMT),xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase(XDH),bifunctional purine biosynthesis protein ATIC(ATIC),and cytochrome p4501A1(CYP1A1)were identified as possible targets of SZDP to exert therapeutic effects by enhancing the metabolic levels of L-Tryptophan,Deoxyribose 1-phosphate and Phosphoribosyl formamidocarboxamide.Conclusion:SZDP has a therapeutic effect on CMI by regulating metabolite levels,acting on the targets of TMPT,XDH,ATIC,and CYP1A1,and reducing cardiomyocyte injury and myocardial fibrosis.展开更多
Background:Simiaowan(SMW),a well-known traditional Chinese medicine,has been employed to treat hyperuricemia(HUA)and gout for centuries.However,the bioactive components and underlying mechanisms have not been elucidat...Background:Simiaowan(SMW),a well-known traditional Chinese medicine,has been employed to treat hyperuricemia(HUA)and gout for centuries.However,the bioactive components and underlying mechanisms have not been elucidated.The objective of this study was to identify the active components and potential mechanisms of SMW by integrating pharmacological experimentation,serum pharmacochemistry,network pharmacology and molecular docking.Methods:HUA rats modelling by high-fat/high-sugar diet and potassium oxonate/adenine oral administration were used to evaluate the pharmacodynamic effects of SMW.UPLC-Q-Exactive-MS/MS was employed to detect the bioactive components present in SMW-containing serum.Network pharmacology and molecular docking were utilized to elucidate the potential targets and underlying mechanisms.Results:SMW effectively ameliorated HUA rats via the inhibition of uric acid(UA)production,promotion of UA excretion,improvement of lipid and glucose metabolic abnormalities,antioxidant,anti-inflammatory and anti-insulin resistance effects.A total of 73 compounds detected in SMW-containing serum were identified as potential active components,with alkaloids,flavonoids,organic acids,and terpenoids emerging as the primary active ingredients.Totally 203 corresponding targets were obtained as SMW anti-HUA/gout targets,which mainly participated in apoptosis,insulin resistance,TNF,PI3K-Akt,HIF-1,NF-κB,MAPK,IL-17 and TLR signaling pathways.Molecular docking indicated that active compounds(e.g.berberine,phellodendrine,quercetin,formononetin,ferulic acid)had superior binding abilities to the key targets(e.g.solute carrier family 22 member 12(URAT1),solute carrier family 22 member 6(OAT1),ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2(ABCG2),solute carrier family 2,facilitated glucose transporter member 9(GLUT9),xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase(XDH),transcription factor p65(RELA),toll-like receptor 4(TLR4),prostaglandin G/H synthase 2(PTGS2),caspase-3(CASP3),insulin(INS)).Conclusion:SMW exerted regulatory influence over the disease network of HUA and gout through a multiplicity of components,targets,and pathways.Alkaloids,flavonoids,organic acids,and terpenoids were the primary active components,exerting anti-HUA/gout effects via antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,anti-insulin resistance,anti-apoptosis,inhibition of UA production,and promotion of UA excretion.This study revealed the active components and molecular mechanisms of SMW,providing insights into the development of natural products derived from SMW.展开更多
Glutamate application is an established method of inducing PC12 cell injury. PC12 cells were cultured with serum containing Tongqiaohuoxue decoction consisting of moschus, Carthamus tinctonus, Rhizoma chuanxiong, Seme...Glutamate application is an established method of inducing PC12 cell injury. PC12 cells were cultured with serum containing Tongqiaohuoxue decoction consisting of moschus, Carthamus tinctonus, Rhizoma chuanxiong, Semen pruni persicae, and Radix Paeoniae Rubra. After 24 hours of co-cultivation, glutamate (12.5 mM) was added to the culture medium. We found that serum containing Tongqiaohuoxue decoction prevented the increase in reactive oxygen species, and the decreases in superoxide dismutase and Na+-K+-ATPase activity, induced by glutamate. It also reduced the concentration of malondialdehyde, enhanced the mitochondrial transmembrane potential, inhibited the elevation of cellular calcium, and decreased phosphorylation of calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I1. Thus, serum containing Tongqiaohuoxue decoction had protective effects on cell proliferation and membrane permeability in glutamate-injured PC12 cells.展开更多
目的以网络药理学研究结果为基础,对小建中汤中桂枝、甘草、生姜、大枣、白芍、饴糖6种中药开展深入研究,以期为小建中汤治疗脾胃虚寒类消化性溃疡作用机制研究提供新的依据及方向。方法基于中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台(TCMSP)、中...目的以网络药理学研究结果为基础,对小建中汤中桂枝、甘草、生姜、大枣、白芍、饴糖6种中药开展深入研究,以期为小建中汤治疗脾胃虚寒类消化性溃疡作用机制研究提供新的依据及方向。方法基于中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台(TCMSP)、中医药综合数据库(TCMID)获取小建中汤6种中草药的相关化学成分,并在Swiss Target Prediction中搜索活性化学成分潜在靶点;通过GeneCards数据库检索消化性溃疡、十二指肠溃疡、胃溃疡靶点和脾胃虚寒型消化性溃疡主要症状靶点;筛选出疾病主要症状、疾病和药物的共同靶点;运用Cytoscape Version 3.7.2软件绘制药物-化合物-靶点网络;利用STRING数据库绘制构建蛋白质相互作用(PPI)网络分析共同靶点之间的相互作用,找出可能的关键基因;利用R软件进行基因本体论(GO)和京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)富集分析,分析治疗的作用机制;运用AutoDock及Pymol对关键靶点与相应活性成分进行分子对接验证,实验验证小建中汤对靶点蛋白、白细胞介素(IL)-6表达的影响。结果分析得到小建中汤具有128个活性化学成分作用于75个脾胃虚寒型消化性溃疡靶点,其中TP53、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、IL-6、胱天蛋白酶3(CASP3)、丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶1(AKT1)、信号转导因子和转录激活因子3(STAT3)、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶3(MAPK3)、白蛋白(ALB)、表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)与非受体酪氨酸激酶(SRC)为核心靶点;而小建中汤治疗脾胃虚寒型消化性溃疡的核心活性成分是儿茶素、羟黄酮、芍药内苷C、拟雌内酯、草果甲素等;靶点基因主要富集于脂筏、膜微结构域、膜区、细胞小凹等细胞区域,作用于跨膜受体蛋白酪氨酸激酶活性、蛋白酪氨酸激酶活性、跨膜受体蛋白激酶活性、磷酸酶结合等分子功能,重要的是具有调节平滑肌细胞增殖和氧化应激反应。生物学通路则主要集中于磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(PI3K)-Akt信号通路、缺氧诱导因子(HIF)-1信号通路、C型凝集素受体信号通路、胃癌等通路。分子对接结果显示,筛选的主要核心成分与其对应靶蛋白具有较好的结合活性。结论小建中汤通过网络药理学预测的作用机制多成分、多靶点、多通路治疗脾胃虚寒型消化性溃疡;实验验证小建中汤可下调靶点蛋白IL-6的表达,抑制肠上皮损伤。展开更多
基金supported by Key R&D Project in Shandong ProvinceChina(Grant number:2020CXGC010505)+2 种基金Qingdao Science and Technology Demonstration Program for the Benefit of the PeopleShandong ProvinceChina(Grant number:23-7-8-smjk-3-nsh)。
文摘Background:YangshenDingzhi granules(YSDZ)are clinically effective in preventing and treating COVID-19.The present study elucidates the underlying mechanism of YSDZ intervention in viral pneumonia by employing serum pharmacochemistry and network pharmacology.Methods:The chemical constituents of YSDZ in the blood were examined using ultraperformance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS).Potential protein targets were obtained from the SwissTargetPrediction database,and the target genes associated with viral pneumonia were identified using GeneCards,DisGeNET,and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man(OMIM)databases.The intersection of blood component-related targets and disease-related targets was determined using Venny 2.1.Protein-protein interaction networks were constructed using the STRING database.The Metascape database was employed to perform enrichment analyses of Gene Ontology(GO)functions and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)signaling pathways for the targets,while the Cytoscape 3.9.1 software was utilized to construct drug-component-disease-target-pathway networks.Further,in vitro and in vivo experiments were performed to establish the therapeutic effectiveness of YSDZ against viral pneumonia.Results:Fifteen compounds and 124 targets linked to viral pneumonia were detected in serum.Among these,MAPK1,MAPK3,AKT1,EGFR,and TNF play significant roles.In vitro tests revealed that the medicated serum suppressed the replication of H1N1,RSV,and SARS-CoV-2 replicon.Further,in vivo testing analysis shows that YSDZ decreases the viral load in the lungs of mice infected with RSV and H1N1.Conclusion:The chemical constituents of YSDZ in the blood may elicit therapeutic effects against viral pneumonia by targeting multiple proteins and pathways.
基金Supported by University Continuing Education Teaching Reform Project(2019jxjj67)Provincial quality engineering project of"Traditional Chinese Medicine Technique and Skilled Master Studio"of Anhui Provincial Department of Education in 2020(2020dsgzs23)+3 种基金Key Natural Science Research Project of Higher Learning Institutions in Anhui Province in 2018(KJ2018A0884)Key Natural Science Research Projects of Colleges and Universities in Anhui Province in 2020(KJ2020A1014)Key Project of 2020 Applied Technology Research and Collaborative Innovation Center of Bozhou Vocational and Technical College(BZZX202001)Key Research Project of Bozhou Vocational and Technical College in 2020(BYK2002)。
文摘Serum pharmacochemistry of traditional Chinese medicine has become a more accurate and rapidly developing reasonable way to analyze the effective material basis of traditional Chinese medicine in recent years. Through this method, we can select very complex Chinese medicine components and clarify the effective substances consistent with the main functions, and then separate and purify effective ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine, so as to explain the material basis of the drug effect and prove the rationality and principle of action of Chinese medicine compounds. It can show the multi-component and multi-target characteristic of traditional Chinese medicine, and after analyzing the migrating components of serum, we can explore the direct effective substances that act on the patient’s body, so as to accelerate and accurately complete the in-depth study of the effective substances of Chinese medicine.
基金funded by Scientific and Technological Planning Project of Guangzhou City(Grant No.201803010115)Projects of The National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.82173972)+1 种基金2021 Traditional Chinese Medicine(Medicine of South China)Industry Talents Project-Innovation Team of South China Medicine Resources,Guangdong Provincial Basic and Applied Basic Research Fund(Grant No.2023A1515011147)supported by the Key Unit of Chinese Medicine Digitalization Quality Evaluation of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine.
文摘Background:Shenzao dripping pill(SZDP)is empirically prescribed for treating cardiac diseases.Nevertheless,there is a lack of comprehensive knowledge regarding the underlying mechanisms contributing to its therapeutic effects.The objective of this study is to investigate the underlying mechanism of SZDP against chronic myocardial ischemia(CMI)in a rat model.Methods:In this study,we utilized electrocardiographic and echocardiographic detection along with pathological tissue analysis to evaluate the efficacy of SZDP.The integration of network pharmacology and metabolomics was conducted to investigate the mechanisms.Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations were used to validate the binding energy between the compounds of SZDP and the associated targets.Results:The results showed that SZDP was able to improve T wave voltage,reverse CMI abnormalities in ejection fraction and fractional shortening,and restore histopathological heart damage.Metabolomics results indicated that disturbances of metabolic profile in CMI rats were partly corrected after SZDP administration,mainly affecting purine metabolism.13-Docosenamide may be the potential metabolic biomarker of the therapeutic application of SZDP for CMI.Integrating network pharmacology and metabolomics,thiopurine S-methyltransferase(TPMT),xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase(XDH),bifunctional purine biosynthesis protein ATIC(ATIC),and cytochrome p4501A1(CYP1A1)were identified as possible targets of SZDP to exert therapeutic effects by enhancing the metabolic levels of L-Tryptophan,Deoxyribose 1-phosphate and Phosphoribosyl formamidocarboxamide.Conclusion:SZDP has a therapeutic effect on CMI by regulating metabolite levels,acting on the targets of TMPT,XDH,ATIC,and CYP1A1,and reducing cardiomyocyte injury and myocardial fibrosis.
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2021A1515010978 and 2021A1515012474)Basic research project of Shenzhen Science and Innovation Commission(JCYJ20210324121610029)Guangdong Provincial Key Areas Research and Development Program project Lingnan TCM Modernization(2020B1111120003).
文摘Background:Simiaowan(SMW),a well-known traditional Chinese medicine,has been employed to treat hyperuricemia(HUA)and gout for centuries.However,the bioactive components and underlying mechanisms have not been elucidated.The objective of this study was to identify the active components and potential mechanisms of SMW by integrating pharmacological experimentation,serum pharmacochemistry,network pharmacology and molecular docking.Methods:HUA rats modelling by high-fat/high-sugar diet and potassium oxonate/adenine oral administration were used to evaluate the pharmacodynamic effects of SMW.UPLC-Q-Exactive-MS/MS was employed to detect the bioactive components present in SMW-containing serum.Network pharmacology and molecular docking were utilized to elucidate the potential targets and underlying mechanisms.Results:SMW effectively ameliorated HUA rats via the inhibition of uric acid(UA)production,promotion of UA excretion,improvement of lipid and glucose metabolic abnormalities,antioxidant,anti-inflammatory and anti-insulin resistance effects.A total of 73 compounds detected in SMW-containing serum were identified as potential active components,with alkaloids,flavonoids,organic acids,and terpenoids emerging as the primary active ingredients.Totally 203 corresponding targets were obtained as SMW anti-HUA/gout targets,which mainly participated in apoptosis,insulin resistance,TNF,PI3K-Akt,HIF-1,NF-κB,MAPK,IL-17 and TLR signaling pathways.Molecular docking indicated that active compounds(e.g.berberine,phellodendrine,quercetin,formononetin,ferulic acid)had superior binding abilities to the key targets(e.g.solute carrier family 22 member 12(URAT1),solute carrier family 22 member 6(OAT1),ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2(ABCG2),solute carrier family 2,facilitated glucose transporter member 9(GLUT9),xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase(XDH),transcription factor p65(RELA),toll-like receptor 4(TLR4),prostaglandin G/H synthase 2(PTGS2),caspase-3(CASP3),insulin(INS)).Conclusion:SMW exerted regulatory influence over the disease network of HUA and gout through a multiplicity of components,targets,and pathways.Alkaloids,flavonoids,organic acids,and terpenoids were the primary active components,exerting anti-HUA/gout effects via antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,anti-insulin resistance,anti-apoptosis,inhibition of UA production,and promotion of UA excretion.This study revealed the active components and molecular mechanisms of SMW,providing insights into the development of natural products derived from SMW.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 30973979the Science-Technology Foundation for Excellent Young Scholar of Anhui Province China, No. 10040606Y17Kanion Innovation Fund of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. KYCX2010007
文摘Glutamate application is an established method of inducing PC12 cell injury. PC12 cells were cultured with serum containing Tongqiaohuoxue decoction consisting of moschus, Carthamus tinctonus, Rhizoma chuanxiong, Semen pruni persicae, and Radix Paeoniae Rubra. After 24 hours of co-cultivation, glutamate (12.5 mM) was added to the culture medium. We found that serum containing Tongqiaohuoxue decoction prevented the increase in reactive oxygen species, and the decreases in superoxide dismutase and Na+-K+-ATPase activity, induced by glutamate. It also reduced the concentration of malondialdehyde, enhanced the mitochondrial transmembrane potential, inhibited the elevation of cellular calcium, and decreased phosphorylation of calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I1. Thus, serum containing Tongqiaohuoxue decoction had protective effects on cell proliferation and membrane permeability in glutamate-injured PC12 cells.
文摘目的以网络药理学研究结果为基础,对小建中汤中桂枝、甘草、生姜、大枣、白芍、饴糖6种中药开展深入研究,以期为小建中汤治疗脾胃虚寒类消化性溃疡作用机制研究提供新的依据及方向。方法基于中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台(TCMSP)、中医药综合数据库(TCMID)获取小建中汤6种中草药的相关化学成分,并在Swiss Target Prediction中搜索活性化学成分潜在靶点;通过GeneCards数据库检索消化性溃疡、十二指肠溃疡、胃溃疡靶点和脾胃虚寒型消化性溃疡主要症状靶点;筛选出疾病主要症状、疾病和药物的共同靶点;运用Cytoscape Version 3.7.2软件绘制药物-化合物-靶点网络;利用STRING数据库绘制构建蛋白质相互作用(PPI)网络分析共同靶点之间的相互作用,找出可能的关键基因;利用R软件进行基因本体论(GO)和京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)富集分析,分析治疗的作用机制;运用AutoDock及Pymol对关键靶点与相应活性成分进行分子对接验证,实验验证小建中汤对靶点蛋白、白细胞介素(IL)-6表达的影响。结果分析得到小建中汤具有128个活性化学成分作用于75个脾胃虚寒型消化性溃疡靶点,其中TP53、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、IL-6、胱天蛋白酶3(CASP3)、丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶1(AKT1)、信号转导因子和转录激活因子3(STAT3)、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶3(MAPK3)、白蛋白(ALB)、表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)与非受体酪氨酸激酶(SRC)为核心靶点;而小建中汤治疗脾胃虚寒型消化性溃疡的核心活性成分是儿茶素、羟黄酮、芍药内苷C、拟雌内酯、草果甲素等;靶点基因主要富集于脂筏、膜微结构域、膜区、细胞小凹等细胞区域,作用于跨膜受体蛋白酪氨酸激酶活性、蛋白酪氨酸激酶活性、跨膜受体蛋白激酶活性、磷酸酶结合等分子功能,重要的是具有调节平滑肌细胞增殖和氧化应激反应。生物学通路则主要集中于磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(PI3K)-Akt信号通路、缺氧诱导因子(HIF)-1信号通路、C型凝集素受体信号通路、胃癌等通路。分子对接结果显示,筛选的主要核心成分与其对应靶蛋白具有较好的结合活性。结论小建中汤通过网络药理学预测的作用机制多成分、多靶点、多通路治疗脾胃虚寒型消化性溃疡;实验验证小建中汤可下调靶点蛋白IL-6的表达,抑制肠上皮损伤。