Sesame(Sesamum indicum L.)is a significantly lucrative cash crop for millions of small-holder farmers.Its seeds are an important source of a highly appreciated vegetable oil globally and two clinically essential antio...Sesame(Sesamum indicum L.)is a significantly lucrative cash crop for millions of small-holder farmers.Its seeds are an important source of a highly appreciated vegetable oil globally and two clinically essential antioxidant lignans,sesamin and sesamolin.Accordingly,many countries import millions of tons of sesame seed every year.The demand for lignan-rich sesame seeds has been increasing in recent years due to the continuous discovery of several pharmacological attributes of sesamin and sesamolin.To meet this demand,the sesame breeder’s primary objective is to release sesame cultivars that are enriched in oil and lignans.Thus,it is necessary to summarize the information related to the sesamin and sesamolin contents in sesame in order to promote the joint efforts of specialized research teams on this important oilseed crop.In this article,we present the current knowledge on the sesamin and sesamolin contents in S.indicum L.with respect to the updated biosynthesis pathway,associated markers,governing loci,available variability in sesame germplasm,the in planta potential roles of these compounds in sesame,and the newly discovered pharmacological attributes.In addition,we propose and discuss some required studies that might facilitate genomics-assisted breeding of high lignan content sesame varieties.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To explore the underlying mechanisms involved in the effect of sesamin on aortic NO bioactivity in spontaneously hypertensive rat(SHR).METHODS Sesamin was orally administered for consecutive 8 weeks in SHR.S...OBJECTIVE To explore the underlying mechanisms involved in the effect of sesamin on aortic NO bioactivity in spontaneously hypertensive rat(SHR).METHODS Sesamin was orally administered for consecutive 8 weeks in SHR.Systolic blood pressure(SBP)was measured using the tail-cuff method.The aortas were isolated and in vitro vascular reactivity studies were performed.Superoxide anion production in carotid arteries was assessed by dihydroethidium fluorescence staining.The protein expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase(eNOS),phosphorylated eNOS(P-eNOS),dihydrofolate reductase(DHFR),nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate(NADPH)oxidase subunit p47 phox and copper,zinc-superoxide dismutase(Cu/Zn-SOD)in aortas was detected by Western blotting.The dimeric form of eNOS in aortas was determined by low-temperature SDS-PAGE.Aortic level of nitrotyrosine and activities of antioxidant enzymes,namely,total SOD(T-SOD),glutathione peroxidase(GPx)and catalase were also detected.RESULTS In SHR,sesamin treatment reduced SBP,improved vascular relaxation induced by acetylcholine and enhanced aortic NO bioactivity.Sesamin treatment enhanced NO biosynthesis in SHR aortas was due to upregulated P-eNOS and suppressed eNOS uncoupling,and the latter effect might be attributed to decreased nitrotyrosine and upregulated DHFR.Sesamin also reducd the NO oxidative inactivation and decreased the superoxide anion production through downregulation of p47 phox and amelioration of eNOS uncoupling.In addition,sesamin treatment did not alter the levels of GPx and catalase activity but obviously reduced the compensatory elevated T-SOD activity and Cu/Zn-SOD protein expression.CONCLUSION Chronic treatment with sesamin could reduce hypertension and improve endothelial dysfunction through enhancement of NO bioactivity in SHRs aortas.展开更多
This work shows how the sesamin and sesamolin in sesame seed can be extracted, enriched and purified by the related technologies of supercritical carbon dioxide. Sesame oil is first obtained from the sesame seeds by s...This work shows how the sesamin and sesamolin in sesame seed can be extracted, enriched and purified by the related technologies of supercritical carbon dioxide. Sesame oil is first obtained from the sesame seeds by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction (SFE);lignans in the oil are enriched and precipitated as the top product by supercritical fluid fractionation technology (SFF);the crude lignans are then separated by supercritical fluid-simulated moving bed chromatography (SF-SMB) to obtain pure sesamin and sesamolin. The simulated moving bed is a continuous chromatography;the use of supercritical carbon dioxide as the desorbent simplifies the downstream treatment. By experimental validation, this work also shows that replacing liquid by SF as the desorbent for the SMB automatically creates a gradient operation for the SMB and enlarges the separable range of the operating conditions. Both the design and operation of the SF-SMB are introduced in this paper. The application of SF-SMB to the separation of sesamin and sesamolin provides a novel example for demonstrating the diversity of SF and the potential applications for the production of natural products and the development of botanical drugs.展开更多
(+)-Sesamin was found in Semen Cuscutae for the first time. A rapid and simple approach for the analysis of (+)-sesamin in different sources of Semen Cuscutae is proposed, which used GC-FID for the determination of (+...(+)-Sesamin was found in Semen Cuscutae for the first time. A rapid and simple approach for the analysis of (+)-sesamin in different sources of Semen Cuscutae is proposed, which used GC-FID for the determination of (+)-sesamin and GC-MS for its identification. The result suggested that this approach could be used to identify Semen Cuscutae from various sources based on the different content of (+)-sesamin in them.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the antimelanogenesis properties of three sesame compoundssesamol, sesamin and sesamolin via two stages of melanin synthesis vis-à-vis sunscreen function and enzyme inhibition in melanom...Objective: To investigate the antimelanogenesis properties of three sesame compoundssesamol, sesamin and sesamolin via two stages of melanin synthesis vis-à-vis sunscreen function and enzyme inhibition in melanoma cell line in order to search for alternative depigmenting agents.Methods: Antimelanogenic effects of sesame lignans were assessed in SK-MEL2 compared with the reference depigmenting agents, kojic acid and b-arbutin, in order to evaluate:(a) the sunscreen function of sesamol, sesamin and sesamolin by measurement of UV absorbtion property;(b) the inhibition of tyrosinase activity through mushroom and cellular tyrosinase; and(c) the effect on melanin content and melanogenic protein expression(tyrosinase, TRP-1 and TRP-2) by Western blot analysis; and(d) the toxicity of sesamol, sesamin and sesamolin to cells using cell cytotoxicity assay.Results: The results showed that sesamin, sesamolin and sesamol exerted satisfiable sunscreen function by absorbed UVB at 290 nm. Sesamol exhibited the highest inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase activity, but lipophilic sesamolin exhibited the highest cellular tyrosinase inhibition(IC_(50) of 1.6 μM) followed by sesamin, sesamol, and kojic acid,respectively. The order from high to low inhibition of melanin pigment was detected in the SK-MEL2 treated with sesamolin, sesamin, sesamol, kojic acid, and b-arbutin,respectively. Sesamolin and sesamin successfully inhibited cellular tyrosinase activity and respectively decreased TRP-1/TRP-2(36%/15%) and TRP-1 levels(16%), thereby inhibiting melanogenesis via antityrosinase activity. No cytotoxicity to SK-MEL2 or Vero(normal) cell lines was observed at the lignan concentrations that exerted an antimelanogenic effect.Conclusions: Three sesame lignans prevent melanin synthesis through 2 stages:(a) by blocking melanin-induction and(b) by interrupting melanogenic enzyme production. This study provides evidence that sesamol, sesamin and sesamolin are potential for antimelanogenesis agents.展开更多
The ongoing outbreak of novel coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),has caused an unprecedented global health crisis.Development of a cure for this de...The ongoing outbreak of novel coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),has caused an unprecedented global health crisis.Development of a cure for this devastating disease is currently at full speed,with several vaccines against COVID-19 already authorized and administered.Currently,demand for these vaccines far exceeds supply.As such,boosting immunity represents a viable route to halt the rapid spread of SARS-CoV-2 and limit fatalities until vaccines become more readily and widely available.The use of phytochemicals appears to be a promising panacea.Sesamin,a lignan isolated from Sesamum indicum seeds,is known for its potent pharmacological properties,and is therefore hypothesized as a potential candidate in the therapeutic regimen against COVID-19.Herein,we highlight the confirmed therapeutic anti-inflammatory and immune-modulatory potential of sesamin against myriads of respiratory disorders,and tentatively suggest that sesamin may exert similar potent effects against COVID-19.Precisely,we speculate that sesamin may help alleviate COVID-19 via restoring Th1/Th2 balance and preventing inflammation and cytokine storm development.Additionally,we further support the promising role of sesamin against COVID-19 by underscoring the direct evidence,which suggests that sesamin may demonstrate promising inhibitory potential against three important SARS-CoV-2 targets,namely main protease,spike protein,and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor.Although preliminary,there is ample evidence to propose sesamin as a potential phytotherapeutic and prophylactic candidate against COVID-19.Further in vitro,in vivo,and preclinical studies are required to further substantiate the role of sesamin in the prevention and/or treatment of COVID-19.展开更多
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can stimulate the plant growth. Pseudomonas sp. (KCIGC01) NBRC109613 isolated from the spores of Glomus clarum IK97, an AMF, is reported to support the plant growth and development a...Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can stimulate the plant growth. Pseudomonas sp. (KCIGC01) NBRC109613 isolated from the spores of Glomus clarum IK97, an AMF, is reported to support the plant growth and development as partner bacteria (PB) for AMF REF _Ref399417929 \r \h \* MERGEFORMAT [1]. In order to investigate the effect of G. clarum IK97 and Pseudomonas sp. (KCIGC01) NBRC109613 on the secondary metabolites, these microorganisms were inoculated to sesame plants. The inoculation of these microorganisms stimulated the growth of sesame. The rate of sesame root colonization in G. clarum IK97 + Pseudomonas sp. (KCIGC01) NBRC109613 inoculated plants (66.4% ± 4.4%) was higher than that in G. clarum IK97 alone inoculated plants (39.2% ± 5.8%). Furthermore, the content of sesamin in sesame seeds was increased by the inoculation of these microorganisms. In particular, the content of sesamin in the treatment inoculated with G. clarum IK97 and Pseudomonas sp. (KCIGC01) NBRC-109613 was 11.4 ± 1.5 mg/g seed. The results suggest that AMF and their partner bacteria can stimulate the growth and development of sesame plants and increase the content of sesamin in the seeds.展开更多
The effects of sesamin on intestinal microflora of mice with normal diet were studied by in vitro animal feces anaerobic culture system.The results showed that treatment with sesamin could significantly change the int...The effects of sesamin on intestinal microflora of mice with normal diet were studied by in vitro animal feces anaerobic culture system.The results showed that treatment with sesamin could significantly change the intestinal flora structure of mice,increasing the abundance of probiotics Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium and inhibiting the growth of harmful bacteria Enterococcus.High-throughput sequencing analysis showed that sesamin could affect the structure and composition of fecal microflora of mice,and the abundance of probiotics such as Bacillus and Bifidobacterium increased.Sesamin also could increase the expression of tight contiguous protein Occludin and Claudin-1 in colonic tissue of mice,which was benefit to the adhesion of probiotics.In conclusion,sesamin intervention could improve the composition and abundance of intestinal microorganisms in mice with normal diet,which had a beneficial regulatory effect on the intestinal health.展开更多
基金study was supported by the Open Project of Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,China(KF2020004,KF2022002)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS-ASTIP-2016-OCRI)+3 种基金the Key Research Projects of Hubei Province,China(2020BBA045,2020BHB028)the Science and Technology Innovation Project of Hubei Province,China(2021-620-000-001-035)the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-14)the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Non-profit Scientific Institution,China(Y2022XK11).
文摘Sesame(Sesamum indicum L.)is a significantly lucrative cash crop for millions of small-holder farmers.Its seeds are an important source of a highly appreciated vegetable oil globally and two clinically essential antioxidant lignans,sesamin and sesamolin.Accordingly,many countries import millions of tons of sesame seed every year.The demand for lignan-rich sesame seeds has been increasing in recent years due to the continuous discovery of several pharmacological attributes of sesamin and sesamolin.To meet this demand,the sesame breeder’s primary objective is to release sesame cultivars that are enriched in oil and lignans.Thus,it is necessary to summarize the information related to the sesamin and sesamolin contents in sesame in order to promote the joint efforts of specialized research teams on this important oilseed crop.In this article,we present the current knowledge on the sesamin and sesamolin contents in S.indicum L.with respect to the updated biosynthesis pathway,associated markers,governing loci,available variability in sesame germplasm,the in planta potential roles of these compounds in sesame,and the newly discovered pharmacological attributes.In addition,we propose and discuss some required studies that might facilitate genomics-assisted breeding of high lignan content sesame varieties.
基金The project supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Provincial(1308085QH145)
文摘OBJECTIVE To explore the underlying mechanisms involved in the effect of sesamin on aortic NO bioactivity in spontaneously hypertensive rat(SHR).METHODS Sesamin was orally administered for consecutive 8 weeks in SHR.Systolic blood pressure(SBP)was measured using the tail-cuff method.The aortas were isolated and in vitro vascular reactivity studies were performed.Superoxide anion production in carotid arteries was assessed by dihydroethidium fluorescence staining.The protein expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase(eNOS),phosphorylated eNOS(P-eNOS),dihydrofolate reductase(DHFR),nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate(NADPH)oxidase subunit p47 phox and copper,zinc-superoxide dismutase(Cu/Zn-SOD)in aortas was detected by Western blotting.The dimeric form of eNOS in aortas was determined by low-temperature SDS-PAGE.Aortic level of nitrotyrosine and activities of antioxidant enzymes,namely,total SOD(T-SOD),glutathione peroxidase(GPx)and catalase were also detected.RESULTS In SHR,sesamin treatment reduced SBP,improved vascular relaxation induced by acetylcholine and enhanced aortic NO bioactivity.Sesamin treatment enhanced NO biosynthesis in SHR aortas was due to upregulated P-eNOS and suppressed eNOS uncoupling,and the latter effect might be attributed to decreased nitrotyrosine and upregulated DHFR.Sesamin also reducd the NO oxidative inactivation and decreased the superoxide anion production through downregulation of p47 phox and amelioration of eNOS uncoupling.In addition,sesamin treatment did not alter the levels of GPx and catalase activity but obviously reduced the compensatory elevated T-SOD activity and Cu/Zn-SOD protein expression.CONCLUSION Chronic treatment with sesamin could reduce hypertension and improve endothelial dysfunction through enhancement of NO bioactivity in SHRs aortas.
文摘This work shows how the sesamin and sesamolin in sesame seed can be extracted, enriched and purified by the related technologies of supercritical carbon dioxide. Sesame oil is first obtained from the sesame seeds by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction (SFE);lignans in the oil are enriched and precipitated as the top product by supercritical fluid fractionation technology (SFF);the crude lignans are then separated by supercritical fluid-simulated moving bed chromatography (SF-SMB) to obtain pure sesamin and sesamolin. The simulated moving bed is a continuous chromatography;the use of supercritical carbon dioxide as the desorbent simplifies the downstream treatment. By experimental validation, this work also shows that replacing liquid by SF as the desorbent for the SMB automatically creates a gradient operation for the SMB and enlarges the separable range of the operating conditions. Both the design and operation of the SF-SMB are introduced in this paper. The application of SF-SMB to the separation of sesamin and sesamolin provides a novel example for demonstrating the diversity of SF and the potential applications for the production of natural products and the development of botanical drugs.
基金NSFC, Grant !No. 29875001National ninth five-year Sci. & Tech. program of China, Grant !No. 96-903-02-02.
文摘(+)-Sesamin was found in Semen Cuscutae for the first time. A rapid and simple approach for the analysis of (+)-sesamin in different sources of Semen Cuscutae is proposed, which used GC-FID for the determination of (+)-sesamin and GC-MS for its identification. The result suggested that this approach could be used to identify Semen Cuscutae from various sources based on the different content of (+)-sesamin in them.
基金2011 (#542800) and 2012 (#552900), Khon Kaen University Research Funding supported this project
文摘Objective: To investigate the antimelanogenesis properties of three sesame compoundssesamol, sesamin and sesamolin via two stages of melanin synthesis vis-à-vis sunscreen function and enzyme inhibition in melanoma cell line in order to search for alternative depigmenting agents.Methods: Antimelanogenic effects of sesame lignans were assessed in SK-MEL2 compared with the reference depigmenting agents, kojic acid and b-arbutin, in order to evaluate:(a) the sunscreen function of sesamol, sesamin and sesamolin by measurement of UV absorbtion property;(b) the inhibition of tyrosinase activity through mushroom and cellular tyrosinase; and(c) the effect on melanin content and melanogenic protein expression(tyrosinase, TRP-1 and TRP-2) by Western blot analysis; and(d) the toxicity of sesamol, sesamin and sesamolin to cells using cell cytotoxicity assay.Results: The results showed that sesamin, sesamolin and sesamol exerted satisfiable sunscreen function by absorbed UVB at 290 nm. Sesamol exhibited the highest inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase activity, but lipophilic sesamolin exhibited the highest cellular tyrosinase inhibition(IC_(50) of 1.6 μM) followed by sesamin, sesamol, and kojic acid,respectively. The order from high to low inhibition of melanin pigment was detected in the SK-MEL2 treated with sesamolin, sesamin, sesamol, kojic acid, and b-arbutin,respectively. Sesamolin and sesamin successfully inhibited cellular tyrosinase activity and respectively decreased TRP-1/TRP-2(36%/15%) and TRP-1 levels(16%), thereby inhibiting melanogenesis via antityrosinase activity. No cytotoxicity to SK-MEL2 or Vero(normal) cell lines was observed at the lignan concentrations that exerted an antimelanogenic effect.Conclusions: Three sesame lignans prevent melanin synthesis through 2 stages:(a) by blocking melanin-induction and(b) by interrupting melanogenic enzyme production. This study provides evidence that sesamol, sesamin and sesamolin are potential for antimelanogenesis agents.
文摘The ongoing outbreak of novel coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),has caused an unprecedented global health crisis.Development of a cure for this devastating disease is currently at full speed,with several vaccines against COVID-19 already authorized and administered.Currently,demand for these vaccines far exceeds supply.As such,boosting immunity represents a viable route to halt the rapid spread of SARS-CoV-2 and limit fatalities until vaccines become more readily and widely available.The use of phytochemicals appears to be a promising panacea.Sesamin,a lignan isolated from Sesamum indicum seeds,is known for its potent pharmacological properties,and is therefore hypothesized as a potential candidate in the therapeutic regimen against COVID-19.Herein,we highlight the confirmed therapeutic anti-inflammatory and immune-modulatory potential of sesamin against myriads of respiratory disorders,and tentatively suggest that sesamin may exert similar potent effects against COVID-19.Precisely,we speculate that sesamin may help alleviate COVID-19 via restoring Th1/Th2 balance and preventing inflammation and cytokine storm development.Additionally,we further support the promising role of sesamin against COVID-19 by underscoring the direct evidence,which suggests that sesamin may demonstrate promising inhibitory potential against three important SARS-CoV-2 targets,namely main protease,spike protein,and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor.Although preliminary,there is ample evidence to propose sesamin as a potential phytotherapeutic and prophylactic candidate against COVID-19.Further in vitro,in vivo,and preclinical studies are required to further substantiate the role of sesamin in the prevention and/or treatment of COVID-19.
文摘Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can stimulate the plant growth. Pseudomonas sp. (KCIGC01) NBRC109613 isolated from the spores of Glomus clarum IK97, an AMF, is reported to support the plant growth and development as partner bacteria (PB) for AMF REF _Ref399417929 \r \h \* MERGEFORMAT [1]. In order to investigate the effect of G. clarum IK97 and Pseudomonas sp. (KCIGC01) NBRC109613 on the secondary metabolites, these microorganisms were inoculated to sesame plants. The inoculation of these microorganisms stimulated the growth of sesame. The rate of sesame root colonization in G. clarum IK97 + Pseudomonas sp. (KCIGC01) NBRC109613 inoculated plants (66.4% ± 4.4%) was higher than that in G. clarum IK97 alone inoculated plants (39.2% ± 5.8%). Furthermore, the content of sesamin in sesame seeds was increased by the inoculation of these microorganisms. In particular, the content of sesamin in the treatment inoculated with G. clarum IK97 and Pseudomonas sp. (KCIGC01) NBRC-109613 was 11.4 ± 1.5 mg/g seed. The results suggest that AMF and their partner bacteria can stimulate the growth and development of sesame plants and increase the content of sesamin in the seeds.
基金Support by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31872899)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD).
文摘The effects of sesamin on intestinal microflora of mice with normal diet were studied by in vitro animal feces anaerobic culture system.The results showed that treatment with sesamin could significantly change the intestinal flora structure of mice,increasing the abundance of probiotics Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium and inhibiting the growth of harmful bacteria Enterococcus.High-throughput sequencing analysis showed that sesamin could affect the structure and composition of fecal microflora of mice,and the abundance of probiotics such as Bacillus and Bifidobacterium increased.Sesamin also could increase the expression of tight contiguous protein Occludin and Claudin-1 in colonic tissue of mice,which was benefit to the adhesion of probiotics.In conclusion,sesamin intervention could improve the composition and abundance of intestinal microorganisms in mice with normal diet,which had a beneficial regulatory effect on the intestinal health.
