为了深入分析功率型锂离子电池的内阻特性及影响因素之间的关系,本文利用混合脉冲功率特性测试方法(Hybrid Pulse Power Characterization,HPPC)测试锂离子电池在不同温度环境、荷电状态(Stage of Charge,SOC)下的内阻变化规律,实验结...为了深入分析功率型锂离子电池的内阻特性及影响因素之间的关系,本文利用混合脉冲功率特性测试方法(Hybrid Pulse Power Characterization,HPPC)测试锂离子电池在不同温度环境、荷电状态(Stage of Charge,SOC)下的内阻变化规律,实验结果表明锂离子电池内阻在低温环境和较低SOC下变化明显.最后利用多项式最小二乘法拟合得到锂离子电池内阻与环境温度之间的关系表达式,为下一步实现电池功率在线预测提供了数据支持和理论基础.展开更多
Synthesis and characterization of enzyme mimics with characteristic stability and high catalytic efficiency is an interesting field for researchers.Especially,with the development of nanoscience and introducing of Fe3...Synthesis and characterization of enzyme mimics with characteristic stability and high catalytic efficiency is an interesting field for researchers.Especially,with the development of nanoscience and introducing of Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles as peroxidase mimics in 2007,various nanomaterials such as noble metals,metal oxides,and carbon materials were introduced as enzyme mimics(nanozymes).Various nanomaterials exhibit peroxidaselike activity,hence,most of the nanozymes are peroxidase mimetics.Although the nanozyme based sensors were previously classified,the classifications have been focused on the type of nanozyme action.Therefore,the nanozyme based sensors were classified as peroxidase,hydrolase,and urease mimic-based sensors.However,heretofore,these sensors are not classified based on the detection mechanism and principles of system design.The aim of this review is the focus on the peroxidase mimic based colorimetric sensors as the most common nanozyme-based sensors and their classification based on principles of sensor design and review of the detection mechanism of the current mimic peroxidase based sensors.Moreover,some current challenges and future developments in this field are discussed.展开更多
New energy sources such as solar energy and hydrogen energy have been applied to the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV), which could be formed as the hybrid power sources due to the requirement of miniaturization, lightweig...New energy sources such as solar energy and hydrogen energy have been applied to the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV), which could be formed as the hybrid power sources due to the requirement of miniaturization, lightweight, and environmental protection issue for UAV. Hybrid electrical propulsion technology has been used in UAV and it further enforces this trend for the evolution to the Hybrid-Powered System(HPS). In order to realize long endurance flight mission and improve the energy efficiency of UAV, many researching works are focused on the Energy Management Strategy(EMS) of the HPS with digital simulation, ground demonstration platforms and a few flight tests for the UAV in recent years. energy management strategy, in which off-line or on-line control algorithms acted as the core part, could optimize dynamic electrical power distribution further and directly affect the efficiency and fuel economy of hybrid-powered system onboard.In order to give the guideline for this emerging technology for UAV, this paper presents a review of the topic highlighting energy optimal management strategies of UAV. The characteristics of typical new energy sources applied in UAV are summarized firstly, and then the classification and analysis of the architecture for hybrid power systems in UAV are presented. In the context of new energy sources and configuration of energy system, a comprehensive comparison and analysis for the state of art of EMS are presented, and the various levels of complexity and accuracy of EMS are considered in terms of real time, computational burden and optimization performance based on the optimal control and operational modes of UAV. Finally, the tendency and challenges of energy management strategy applied to the UAV have been forecasted.展开更多
The objective of this paper is to model a hybrid power system for buildings,which is technically feasible and economically optimal.With a view to promote renewable energy sources,photovoltaics and wind turbines are in...The objective of this paper is to model a hybrid power system for buildings,which is technically feasible and economically optimal.With a view to promote renewable energy sources,photovoltaics and wind turbines are integrated with the grid connected building.The system is modeled and the optimal system configuration is estimated with the help of hybrid optimization model for electric renewables(HOMER).The logic is illustrated with a case study based on the practical data of a building located in southern India.This building is associated with 3.4 MWh/day priority load(peak load as 422 kW),as well as 3.3 MWh/day deferrable load(peak load as 500 kW).Sensitivity analysis is performed to deal with uncertainties such as the increase in electricity consumption and grid tariff,environmental changes,etc.From the simulation result,it is observed that the designed system is cost effective and environment friendly,which leads to 6.18%annual cost savings and reduces CO_(2) emissions by 38.3%.Sensitivity results indicate that the system is optimal and adaptable in a certain range of unanticipated variances with respect to best estimated value.Finally,an energy management strategy is developed for the optimal system to ensure reliable power during contingency and disturbances.The green and hybrid power system designed can be adaptable to any critical and large consumers of urban buildings.展开更多
文摘为了深入分析功率型锂离子电池的内阻特性及影响因素之间的关系,本文利用混合脉冲功率特性测试方法(Hybrid Pulse Power Characterization,HPPC)测试锂离子电池在不同温度环境、荷电状态(Stage of Charge,SOC)下的内阻变化规律,实验结果表明锂离子电池内阻在低温环境和较低SOC下变化明显.最后利用多项式最小二乘法拟合得到锂离子电池内阻与环境温度之间的关系表达式,为下一步实现电池功率在线预测提供了数据支持和理论基础.
文摘Synthesis and characterization of enzyme mimics with characteristic stability and high catalytic efficiency is an interesting field for researchers.Especially,with the development of nanoscience and introducing of Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles as peroxidase mimics in 2007,various nanomaterials such as noble metals,metal oxides,and carbon materials were introduced as enzyme mimics(nanozymes).Various nanomaterials exhibit peroxidaselike activity,hence,most of the nanozymes are peroxidase mimetics.Although the nanozyme based sensors were previously classified,the classifications have been focused on the type of nanozyme action.Therefore,the nanozyme based sensors were classified as peroxidase,hydrolase,and urease mimic-based sensors.However,heretofore,these sensors are not classified based on the detection mechanism and principles of system design.The aim of this review is the focus on the peroxidase mimic based colorimetric sensors as the most common nanozyme-based sensors and their classification based on principles of sensor design and review of the detection mechanism of the current mimic peroxidase based sensors.Moreover,some current challenges and future developments in this field are discussed.
基金upported by the Open Innovative Fund of Xi’an Aisheng Technology Group Company of China (No. ASN-IF2015-0202)
文摘New energy sources such as solar energy and hydrogen energy have been applied to the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV), which could be formed as the hybrid power sources due to the requirement of miniaturization, lightweight, and environmental protection issue for UAV. Hybrid electrical propulsion technology has been used in UAV and it further enforces this trend for the evolution to the Hybrid-Powered System(HPS). In order to realize long endurance flight mission and improve the energy efficiency of UAV, many researching works are focused on the Energy Management Strategy(EMS) of the HPS with digital simulation, ground demonstration platforms and a few flight tests for the UAV in recent years. energy management strategy, in which off-line or on-line control algorithms acted as the core part, could optimize dynamic electrical power distribution further and directly affect the efficiency and fuel economy of hybrid-powered system onboard.In order to give the guideline for this emerging technology for UAV, this paper presents a review of the topic highlighting energy optimal management strategies of UAV. The characteristics of typical new energy sources applied in UAV are summarized firstly, and then the classification and analysis of the architecture for hybrid power systems in UAV are presented. In the context of new energy sources and configuration of energy system, a comprehensive comparison and analysis for the state of art of EMS are presented, and the various levels of complexity and accuracy of EMS are considered in terms of real time, computational burden and optimization performance based on the optimal control and operational modes of UAV. Finally, the tendency and challenges of energy management strategy applied to the UAV have been forecasted.
文摘The objective of this paper is to model a hybrid power system for buildings,which is technically feasible and economically optimal.With a view to promote renewable energy sources,photovoltaics and wind turbines are integrated with the grid connected building.The system is modeled and the optimal system configuration is estimated with the help of hybrid optimization model for electric renewables(HOMER).The logic is illustrated with a case study based on the practical data of a building located in southern India.This building is associated with 3.4 MWh/day priority load(peak load as 422 kW),as well as 3.3 MWh/day deferrable load(peak load as 500 kW).Sensitivity analysis is performed to deal with uncertainties such as the increase in electricity consumption and grid tariff,environmental changes,etc.From the simulation result,it is observed that the designed system is cost effective and environment friendly,which leads to 6.18%annual cost savings and reduces CO_(2) emissions by 38.3%.Sensitivity results indicate that the system is optimal and adaptable in a certain range of unanticipated variances with respect to best estimated value.Finally,an energy management strategy is developed for the optimal system to ensure reliable power during contingency and disturbances.The green and hybrid power system designed can be adaptable to any critical and large consumers of urban buildings.
