Study on the Improvement Strategies of Physical Environment for Square in Severe Cold Regions' Rural Areas

To improve the comfortable physical environment for square in severe cold regions' rural areas. This paper applies the methods of questionnaires,field testing and statistical analysis to compare and analyze two different square cases of Qingyunpu in Liaoning Province,and conclude the main factors which affect the physical environmental comfort. The improvement strategies for physical environment of rural square are put forward from the aspects of site selection,road position,orientation,landscape design,and ground pavement material selection,aiming to provide the design basis for the physical environment of square in severe cold regions' rural areas.

Energy-saving Technology of Vent in Passive Solar Wall of Rural House of Severe Cold Region

This paper aims at solving the problems of low thermal collection rate,inconvenient maintenance,hindering indoor using during the application of passive solar technologies in rural houses in severe cold region.All these defects prevent the passive solar houses' further development. This paper chooses trombe wall,which has higher thermal efficiency of the passive solar house,as research object. The traditional vent is improved into a new type of ventilation device. This improvement overcomes the shortcoming,which traditional vent loses huge heat,and simplifies the construction of vent. Comparing with traditional trombe wall,the energy saving rate is 15. 69%.

Research on the Limit Value of Shape Coefficient of Rural Residences in Severe Cold Regions

Shape coefficient is a significant factor accounting for building energy consumption. In order to decrease the building energy consumption of rural residence in severe cold regions,this paper from the perspective of regulating the shape coefficient limit value,applies the field survey method to statistic and analyze the shape,width and depth of rural residence in severe cold regions and concludes the distribution characteristics and scope of building area. On this basis,though calculating and analyzing the relations between shape coefficient and length-width ratio under different building areas,meanwhile comprehensive considering the building function,farmers' living mode and requirements etc,it put forward that the shape coefficient of rural residence in severe cold regions should below 0. 8. It has important significance for guiding the rural energy-saving house design and construction of severe cold regions.

Comprehensive evaluation and analysis of a nearly zero-energy building heating system using a multi-source heat pump in severe cold region

The integrated application of multi-energy coupled technology in nearly zero-energy building(NZEB)is promising from the perspective of low-carbon development to achieve the goal of net zero energy.PVT(photovoltaic/thermal),air,and ground sources were combined organically to establish an experimental platform of a multi-source heat pump(MSHP)system,which can realize flexible switching of multi-energy sources.The paper presents the analytical hierarchy process and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to comprehensively evaluate the five modes of the MSHP system with regard to energy,economic and environmental benefits.The results indicate that the waste heat of the PVT cavity can improve the coefficient of performance of the heat pump unit(COP)by approximately 8.0%.The initial investment in air source heat pump(ASHP)modes is lower than that of a coal-powered system.The ground source heat pump(GSHP)modes have high stability and their payback period is 8.81–10.66 years.The photovoltaic/thermal-dual source heat pump(PVT-DSHP)mode presents the most appropriate system applied in the NZEB in severe cold region,followed by the DSHP,GSHP,ASHP,and PVT-ASHP mode.When compared with other modes,COP,annual saving cost,carbon dioxide emission reduction,and comprehensive value of the PVT-DSHP mode have improved by 7.07%–29.57%,2.21%–23.88%,3.38%–14.83%,and 27.91%–52.62%,respectively.The study provides important insights into the practical application and sustainable development of multi-energy coupled systems in the NZEB in severe cold region.

Evaluation of suitability of university ladder classroom environment on humans

Evaluation of the suitability of university ladder classroom environment on humans is an effective approach to improve the quality of the indoor environment and protect human health.However,there are unresolved issues regarding the suitability of university ladder classroom environment for humans.For example,the design of en-closure structure and heating ventilation and air conditioning(HVAC)system is unreasonable,and the indoor air quality does not meet the required standard.In this study,the suitability of university ladder classroom environ-ment on humans was considered the research object.The evaluation indices of indoor environment were selected from indoor air quality,indoor thermal and humid environments,light environment,and sound environment.And the health and comfort of users were taken as the evaluation indices of users.According to the results of expert investigations and case measurements,the index weight was determined by the expert-entropy weight method,and a complete evaluation system of indices was built.There were two first-level,six second-level,and fourteen third-level indices in the evaluation system.The evaluation indices of each level with the largest weight were indoor environment(0.5940),user health(0.2530),and indoor temperature(0.1175)respectively.By comparing the actual learning effect to the evaluation results,the applicability of the evaluation system was determined.The evaluation system of the suitability of university ladder classroom environment on humans is convenient for operators to identify the weak points between humans and the environment.The evaluation system is endowed with important theoretical and practical significance to realize the green development of colleges and universities and build an environment-friendly campus.