The implementation of WHO guidelines has significantly reduced hospital mortality due to severe malnutrition. Nevertheless, severe acute malnutrition in children under five remains a major public health problem in all...The implementation of WHO guidelines has significantly reduced hospital mortality due to severe malnutrition. Nevertheless, severe acute malnutrition in children under five remains a major public health problem in all low-income countries and is little studied. The study aimed to assess the nutritional status and quality of management of severe acute malnutrition in children aged 06 to 59 months hospitalized in the pediatric ward of Kayanza Hospital. This is a prospective study with descriptive and analytical aims over 6 months from February 10 to July 9, 2023. All children aged 6 to 59 months admitted for severe acute malnutrition are included in this study. The results show that the most affected age group is 12 to 23 months (42.55%). Marasmus is the most common clinical form, at 70.2%. Housewives and mothers from rural areas are the most affected, with rates ranging from 69.14% to 91.49%. The study shows that the reasons for consultation are respectively: edema (29.78%), diarrhea (26.59%), vomiting (19.14%), and fever (14.89%). Dehydration and hypothermia were the main complications observed in 45.74% and 22.34% respectively. Medical treatment was provided by antibiotics (44.68%), artesunate (31.91%), and resomal (21.27%). Nutritional treatment consisted of F75 100% milk and F100 100% milk. Pathologies observed were: anemia 38.29%, malaria 37.23%, urinary tract infection 12.7%, measles 11.7%. The national protocol for integrated management of acute malnutrition (PCIMA) was followed. This study shows that 72.3% of children were successfully treated, with 9.5% dropping out and dying, and 8.5% not responding. We found that malnutrition remains a public health problem, affecting mostly children aged 12 to 24 months. The main complications or pathologies associated with malnutrition are diarrhea, malaria, and fever, and the majority of children suffer from marasmus.展开更多
Background: “Children with severe motor and intellectual disabilities” refers to children with markedly limited activity due to severe overlapping of physical and intellectual disabilities. The physical and mental b...Background: “Children with severe motor and intellectual disabilities” refers to children with markedly limited activity due to severe overlapping of physical and intellectual disabilities. The physical and mental burden placed on families raising severely disabled children, particularly the primary caregivers, is great in home settings. For families to effectively utilize services and over-come child rearing problems, the families themselves need the “strength” to cooperate with others for the purpose of raising a severely disabled child. The ultimate goal of family support is to enable such families to achieve satisfaction and self-growth in child rearing. Methods: We used a questionnaire to survey 75 primary caregivers to empirically elucidate the empowerment and positive feelings towards child rearing of families raising children with severe motor and intellectual disabilities and the related factors. The t-test and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient were used to examine the association with bivariates. A multiple regression analysis was conducted for empowerment and positive feelings. Results: Results revealed that life events, livelihood, awareness of social support and the child’s sleep problems were factors related to empowerment. Of these, awareness of social support from outside of the family was found to contribute the most to empowerment. Furthermore, improvement and maintenance of positive feelings towards child rearing reaffirmed the existence of empowerment in addition to reducing negative feelings towards child rearing and ensuring social support. Conclusions: Raising children with severe motor and intellectual disabilities requires specialist knowledge and skills. Support from professionals to empower the entire family is therefore important in order to strengthen positive feelings towards child rearing.展开更多
Introduction: Malaria is a public health problem. Severe forms of malaria are linked to high mortality. Objective: To establish the cartography of severe malaria in two health districts in Cuvette-Congo. Methodology: ...Introduction: Malaria is a public health problem. Severe forms of malaria are linked to high mortality. Objective: To establish the cartography of severe malaria in two health districts in Cuvette-Congo. Methodology: An analytical and cross-sectional study was conducted from January to September 2019 in two health districts of Cuvette-Congo. Children aged three months to 17 years diagnosed with severe malaria were included. The epidemiological, clinical and paraclinical variables were analyzed. The statistical tests used were Pearson’s chi<sup>2</sup> and the corrected Yates test. Results: Out of 806 children hospitalized, 277 had severe malaria (34.4%). There were 144 boys and 133 girls, an average of 60.9 months old. Anemia n = 247 (89.2%), repeated seizures n = 66 (23.8%), were the signs of severity observed. The clinical forms were isolated (n = 237) in 85.6% and associated (n = 40) in 14.4%, including 210 (88.6%) anemic form and 27 (11.4%) neurological form. The death occurred in seven cases (2.5%). The predictors of death were coma, jaundice, hypoglycemia, thrombocytopenia, hepatomegaly, undernutrition, dehydration and delayed consultation. Conclusion: The large number of cases of severe malaria in Cuvette, often in children under five years old, requires that the national program for control of malaria be strengthened by insisting on a wide distribution of long-lasting insecticide-treated mosquito nets.展开更多
INTRODUCTIONThe spectrum of acute pancreatitis (AP) ranges from a mild spontaneously resolved disorder to severe disease with mortality up to 20%-48.4%[1-3]. sAP is defined as the AP with organ failure and /or local...INTRODUCTIONThe spectrum of acute pancreatitis (AP) ranges from a mild spontaneously resolved disorder to severe disease with mortality up to 20%-48.4%[1-3]. sAP is defined as the AP with organ failure and /or local complications which developed form acute fluid collection (AFC) including necrosis ,abscess , pseudocyst formation into or around the pancreas [4].展开更多
Background: Febrile seizures are the most frequent neurological disorder in pediatrics. They have multiple etiologies and require urgent management. The aim of this survey was to study febrile seizures in children at ...Background: Febrile seizures are the most frequent neurological disorder in pediatrics. They have multiple etiologies and require urgent management. The aim of this survey was to study febrile seizures in children at the Departmental Teaching Hospital of Ouémé Plateau (DTH/OP). Method: This was a cross-sectional survey, conducted from January 1, 2020, to December 31, 2020, in the pediatric department of the DTH/OP. Children aged 1 month to 18 years, hospitalized for febrile seizures recognized at the anamnesis and/or during the physical examination were included in this study. Results: The frequency of seizures was 17.08% (510/2986). The male to female ratio was equal to 1.4. The mean age was 44.27 ± 40.75 months. The seizure was generalized tonic-clonic in 77.9% of cases and localized in 11.6% of cases. The main etiologies were severe malaria (75.5%), sepsis (21.6%), enteric infections (14.9%) and pneumonia (10.2%). Diazepam was the anticonvulsant treatment used in the first intention (79.7%). Most of the children were hospitalized for 3 to 7 days. The recovery rate was 82.3% and the fatality rate was equal to 17.7%. Eight children presented sequelae. There was a statistically significant link between the children’s clinical outcome and age (p < 0.001);severe malaria (p < 0.001);sepsis (p < 0.001) and enteric infections (p = 0.003). Conclusion: Febrile seizures were frequent in the pediatric emergency department of the DTH/OP. There is a need to intensify sensitization on malaria prevention measures in the community and improve case management at the hospital.展开更多
Involvement in road traffic crashes as vehicle occupants is a leading cause of death and serious injury among children. The objective of this study was to investigate crash severity factors and child safety restraint ...Involvement in road traffic crashes as vehicle occupants is a leading cause of death and serious injury among children. The objective of this study was to investigate crash severity factors and child safety restraint use characteristics in order to identify effective countermeasures to increase children＇s highway safety. Characteristics and percentages of restraint use among child passengers aged 4-13 years were examined using highway crash data from Kansas. The association between restraint use, injury severity and characteristics of children involved in crashes were investigated using OR （odds ratios） and a logistic regression model, which was used to identify risk factors. Results showed that children, who were unrestrained, were seated in the front seat, traveling with drunk drivers and on rural roads, and traveling during nighttime was more vulnerable to severe injury in the case of motor vehicle crashes. The most frequent contributing causes related to crashes involving children included driver＇s inattention while driving, failure to yield right-of-way, driving too fast, wet roads and animals in the road. Based on identified critical factors, general countermeasure ideas to improve children＇s traffic safety were suggested, including age-appropriate and size-appropriate seat belt restraints and having children seated in the rear seat. Parents and children must gain better education regarding these safety measures in order to increase child safety on the road.展开更多
文摘The implementation of WHO guidelines has significantly reduced hospital mortality due to severe malnutrition. Nevertheless, severe acute malnutrition in children under five remains a major public health problem in all low-income countries and is little studied. The study aimed to assess the nutritional status and quality of management of severe acute malnutrition in children aged 06 to 59 months hospitalized in the pediatric ward of Kayanza Hospital. This is a prospective study with descriptive and analytical aims over 6 months from February 10 to July 9, 2023. All children aged 6 to 59 months admitted for severe acute malnutrition are included in this study. The results show that the most affected age group is 12 to 23 months (42.55%). Marasmus is the most common clinical form, at 70.2%. Housewives and mothers from rural areas are the most affected, with rates ranging from 69.14% to 91.49%. The study shows that the reasons for consultation are respectively: edema (29.78%), diarrhea (26.59%), vomiting (19.14%), and fever (14.89%). Dehydration and hypothermia were the main complications observed in 45.74% and 22.34% respectively. Medical treatment was provided by antibiotics (44.68%), artesunate (31.91%), and resomal (21.27%). Nutritional treatment consisted of F75 100% milk and F100 100% milk. Pathologies observed were: anemia 38.29%, malaria 37.23%, urinary tract infection 12.7%, measles 11.7%. The national protocol for integrated management of acute malnutrition (PCIMA) was followed. This study shows that 72.3% of children were successfully treated, with 9.5% dropping out and dying, and 8.5% not responding. We found that malnutrition remains a public health problem, affecting mostly children aged 12 to 24 months. The main complications or pathologies associated with malnutrition are diarrhea, malaria, and fever, and the majority of children suffer from marasmus.
文摘Background: “Children with severe motor and intellectual disabilities” refers to children with markedly limited activity due to severe overlapping of physical and intellectual disabilities. The physical and mental burden placed on families raising severely disabled children, particularly the primary caregivers, is great in home settings. For families to effectively utilize services and over-come child rearing problems, the families themselves need the “strength” to cooperate with others for the purpose of raising a severely disabled child. The ultimate goal of family support is to enable such families to achieve satisfaction and self-growth in child rearing. Methods: We used a questionnaire to survey 75 primary caregivers to empirically elucidate the empowerment and positive feelings towards child rearing of families raising children with severe motor and intellectual disabilities and the related factors. The t-test and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient were used to examine the association with bivariates. A multiple regression analysis was conducted for empowerment and positive feelings. Results: Results revealed that life events, livelihood, awareness of social support and the child’s sleep problems were factors related to empowerment. Of these, awareness of social support from outside of the family was found to contribute the most to empowerment. Furthermore, improvement and maintenance of positive feelings towards child rearing reaffirmed the existence of empowerment in addition to reducing negative feelings towards child rearing and ensuring social support. Conclusions: Raising children with severe motor and intellectual disabilities requires specialist knowledge and skills. Support from professionals to empower the entire family is therefore important in order to strengthen positive feelings towards child rearing.
文摘Introduction: Malaria is a public health problem. Severe forms of malaria are linked to high mortality. Objective: To establish the cartography of severe malaria in two health districts in Cuvette-Congo. Methodology: An analytical and cross-sectional study was conducted from January to September 2019 in two health districts of Cuvette-Congo. Children aged three months to 17 years diagnosed with severe malaria were included. The epidemiological, clinical and paraclinical variables were analyzed. The statistical tests used were Pearson’s chi<sup>2</sup> and the corrected Yates test. Results: Out of 806 children hospitalized, 277 had severe malaria (34.4%). There were 144 boys and 133 girls, an average of 60.9 months old. Anemia n = 247 (89.2%), repeated seizures n = 66 (23.8%), were the signs of severity observed. The clinical forms were isolated (n = 237) in 85.6% and associated (n = 40) in 14.4%, including 210 (88.6%) anemic form and 27 (11.4%) neurological form. The death occurred in seven cases (2.5%). The predictors of death were coma, jaundice, hypoglycemia, thrombocytopenia, hepatomegaly, undernutrition, dehydration and delayed consultation. Conclusion: The large number of cases of severe malaria in Cuvette, often in children under five years old, requires that the national program for control of malaria be strengthened by insisting on a wide distribution of long-lasting insecticide-treated mosquito nets.
基金Supported by Clinical Key subject Fund of the Health Administration,No.97050234
文摘INTRODUCTIONThe spectrum of acute pancreatitis (AP) ranges from a mild spontaneously resolved disorder to severe disease with mortality up to 20%-48.4%[1-3]. sAP is defined as the AP with organ failure and /or local complications which developed form acute fluid collection (AFC) including necrosis ,abscess , pseudocyst formation into or around the pancreas [4].
文摘Background: Febrile seizures are the most frequent neurological disorder in pediatrics. They have multiple etiologies and require urgent management. The aim of this survey was to study febrile seizures in children at the Departmental Teaching Hospital of Ouémé Plateau (DTH/OP). Method: This was a cross-sectional survey, conducted from January 1, 2020, to December 31, 2020, in the pediatric department of the DTH/OP. Children aged 1 month to 18 years, hospitalized for febrile seizures recognized at the anamnesis and/or during the physical examination were included in this study. Results: The frequency of seizures was 17.08% (510/2986). The male to female ratio was equal to 1.4. The mean age was 44.27 ± 40.75 months. The seizure was generalized tonic-clonic in 77.9% of cases and localized in 11.6% of cases. The main etiologies were severe malaria (75.5%), sepsis (21.6%), enteric infections (14.9%) and pneumonia (10.2%). Diazepam was the anticonvulsant treatment used in the first intention (79.7%). Most of the children were hospitalized for 3 to 7 days. The recovery rate was 82.3% and the fatality rate was equal to 17.7%. Eight children presented sequelae. There was a statistically significant link between the children’s clinical outcome and age (p < 0.001);severe malaria (p < 0.001);sepsis (p < 0.001) and enteric infections (p = 0.003). Conclusion: Febrile seizures were frequent in the pediatric emergency department of the DTH/OP. There is a need to intensify sensitization on malaria prevention measures in the community and improve case management at the hospital.
文摘Involvement in road traffic crashes as vehicle occupants is a leading cause of death and serious injury among children. The objective of this study was to investigate crash severity factors and child safety restraint use characteristics in order to identify effective countermeasures to increase children＇s highway safety. Characteristics and percentages of restraint use among child passengers aged 4-13 years were examined using highway crash data from Kansas. The association between restraint use, injury severity and characteristics of children involved in crashes were investigated using OR （odds ratios） and a logistic regression model, which was used to identify risk factors. Results showed that children, who were unrestrained, were seated in the front seat, traveling with drunk drivers and on rural roads, and traveling during nighttime was more vulnerable to severe injury in the case of motor vehicle crashes. The most frequent contributing causes related to crashes involving children included driver＇s inattention while driving, failure to yield right-of-way, driving too fast, wet roads and animals in the road. Based on identified critical factors, general countermeasure ideas to improve children＇s traffic safety were suggested, including age-appropriate and size-appropriate seat belt restraints and having children seated in the rear seat. Parents and children must gain better education regarding these safety measures in order to increase child safety on the road.
