Background and objective Epidemiological studies have suggested that menstrual and reproductive factors may in uence lung cancer risk,but the results are controversial.We therefore carried out a meta-analysis aiming t...Background and objective Epidemiological studies have suggested that menstrual and reproductive factors may in uence lung cancer risk,but the results are controversial.We therefore carried out a meta-analysis aiming to examine the associations of lung cancer in women with menstrual and reproductive factors.Methods Relevant studies were searched from PubMed database,CNKI,WANFANG DATA and VIP INFORMATION up to January 2012,with no language restrictions.References listed from selected papers were also reviewed.We included studies that reported the estimates of relative risks(RRs) with 95% con dence intervals(CIs) for the association between menstrual and reproductive factors and lung cancer risk.e pooled RRs were calculated a er the heterogeneity test with the so ware Stata 11,and publication bias and sensitivity were evaluated at the same time.Results Twenty-ve articles,representing 24 independent studies,were included in this meta-analysis.Older age at menarche in North America women(RR=0.83;95%CI:0.73-0.94) was associated with a signi cant decreased risk of lung cancer.Longer length of menstrual cycle was also associated with decreased lung cancer risk(RR=0.72;95%CI:0.57-0.90).Other exposures were not signi cantly associated.Conclusions Our analysis provides evidence of the hypothesis that female sex hormones in uence the risk of lung cancer in women,yet additional studies are warranted to extend this nding and to clarify the underlying mechanisms.展开更多
Immunoglobulin G(IgG)is the most abundant plasma glycoprotein and a prominent humoral immune mediator.Glycan composition affects the affinity of IgG to ligands and consequent immune responses.The modification of IgG N...Immunoglobulin G(IgG)is the most abundant plasma glycoprotein and a prominent humoral immune mediator.Glycan composition affects the affinity of IgG to ligands and consequent immune responses.The modification of IgG N-glycosylation is considered to be one of the various mechanisms by which sex hormones modulate the immune system.Although the menstrual cycle is the central sex hormonerelated physiological process in most women of reproductive age,IgG N-glycosylation dynamics during the menstrual cycle have not yet been investigated.To fill this gap,we profiled the plasma IgG Nglycans of 70 healthy premenopausal women at 12 time points during their menstrual cycles(every 7 days for 3 months)using hydrophilic interaction ultra-performance liquid chromatography(HILIC-UPLC).We observed cyclic periodic changes in the N-glycosylation of IgG in association with the menstrual cycle phase and sex hormone concentration in plasma.On the integrated cohort level,the modeled average menstrual cycle effect on the abundance of IgG N-glycosylation traits was low for each trait,with the highest being 1.1%for agalactosylated N-glycans.However,intrapersonal changes were relatively high in some cases;for example,the largest difference between the minimum and maximum values during the menstrual cycle was up to 21%for sialylated N-glycans.Across all measurements,the menstrual cycle phase could explain up to 0.72%of the variation in the abundance of a single IgG glycosylation trait of monogalactosylation.In contrast,up to 99%of the variation in the abundance of digalactosylation could be attributed to interpersonal differences in IgG N-glycosylation.In conclusion,the average extent of changes in the IgG N-glycopattern that occur during the menstrual cycle is small;thus,the IgG N-glycoprofiling of women in large sample-size studies can be performed regardless of menstrual cycle phase.展开更多
基金supported by grants No.81102194 from National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNo.LS2010168 from Liaoning Provincial Department of Educationgrant No.00726 from China Medical Board
文摘Background and objective Epidemiological studies have suggested that menstrual and reproductive factors may in uence lung cancer risk,but the results are controversial.We therefore carried out a meta-analysis aiming to examine the associations of lung cancer in women with menstrual and reproductive factors.Methods Relevant studies were searched from PubMed database,CNKI,WANFANG DATA and VIP INFORMATION up to January 2012,with no language restrictions.References listed from selected papers were also reviewed.We included studies that reported the estimates of relative risks(RRs) with 95% con dence intervals(CIs) for the association between menstrual and reproductive factors and lung cancer risk.e pooled RRs were calculated a er the heterogeneity test with the so ware Stata 11,and publication bias and sensitivity were evaluated at the same time.Results Twenty-ve articles,representing 24 independent studies,were included in this meta-analysis.Older age at menarche in North America women(RR=0.83;95%CI:0.73-0.94) was associated with a signi cant decreased risk of lung cancer.Longer length of menstrual cycle was also associated with decreased lung cancer risk(RR=0.72;95%CI:0.57-0.90).Other exposures were not signi cantly associated.Conclusions Our analysis provides evidence of the hypothesis that female sex hormones in uence the risk of lung cancer in women,yet additional studies are warranted to extend this nding and to clarify the underlying mechanisms.
基金funded by the European Structural and Investment Funds grant for the Croatian National Centre of Research Excellence in Personalized Healthcare(KK.01.1.1.01)Australia-China International Collaborative Grant(NHMRC APP1112767-NSFC 81561128020)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(81773527 and 81573215)the European Structural and Investment Funds CEKOM(KK.01.2.2.03.0006).
文摘Immunoglobulin G(IgG)is the most abundant plasma glycoprotein and a prominent humoral immune mediator.Glycan composition affects the affinity of IgG to ligands and consequent immune responses.The modification of IgG N-glycosylation is considered to be one of the various mechanisms by which sex hormones modulate the immune system.Although the menstrual cycle is the central sex hormonerelated physiological process in most women of reproductive age,IgG N-glycosylation dynamics during the menstrual cycle have not yet been investigated.To fill this gap,we profiled the plasma IgG Nglycans of 70 healthy premenopausal women at 12 time points during their menstrual cycles(every 7 days for 3 months)using hydrophilic interaction ultra-performance liquid chromatography(HILIC-UPLC).We observed cyclic periodic changes in the N-glycosylation of IgG in association with the menstrual cycle phase and sex hormone concentration in plasma.On the integrated cohort level,the modeled average menstrual cycle effect on the abundance of IgG N-glycosylation traits was low for each trait,with the highest being 1.1%for agalactosylated N-glycans.However,intrapersonal changes were relatively high in some cases;for example,the largest difference between the minimum and maximum values during the menstrual cycle was up to 21%for sialylated N-glycans.Across all measurements,the menstrual cycle phase could explain up to 0.72%of the variation in the abundance of a single IgG glycosylation trait of monogalactosylation.In contrast,up to 99%of the variation in the abundance of digalactosylation could be attributed to interpersonal differences in IgG N-glycosylation.In conclusion,the average extent of changes in the IgG N-glycopattern that occur during the menstrual cycle is small;thus,the IgG N-glycoprofiling of women in large sample-size studies can be performed regardless of menstrual cycle phase.
