A multitude of climate-adaptive design approaches are embedded in regional architecture,which have a positive impact on addressing the deformed development of urban spatial patterns and the dual challenges of climate ...A multitude of climate-adaptive design approaches are embedded in regional architecture,which have a positive impact on addressing the deformed development of urban spatial patterns and the dual challenges of climate and resources.This paper examines the principles of climate adaptability embedded in the site layout and spatial organization characteristics of traditional cave dwelling villages in northern Shaanxi Province.The extracted climate adaptability principles are summarized,and the resulting design strategies that are well-suited to the contemporary urban space form are presented.Through analysis,it can be observed that traditional cave dwelling villages in northern Shaanxi are predominantly situated on south-facing slopes in proximity to water at low altitudes.These villages are characterized by compact building groups and east-west development,which is constrained by the elements of mountains and rivers.A two-level street system is generated,comprising streets parallel to the contour line and roadways perpendicular to the contour line.This results in the formation of a courtyard form enclosed by mountains.Such site layout and spatial organization exhibit excellent climate adaptability with regard to heat,ventilation,and wind storage.In light of the aforementioned considerations,the following urban spatial form design strategies are put forth:①the topographic height difference can be exploited to obtain sufficient sunshine;②the group shape can be optimized in order to reduce building energy consumption;③the best orientation of the building can be chosen to take account of both winter and summer conditions;④the height and length can be combined in order to form natural masking;⑤the D/H ratio of streets and roadways should be controlled to achieve a balance between heat gain and cooling of groups;⑥vents should be set appropriately to optimize group ventilation;⑦climate buffers should be established to increase the level of climate response.展开更多
To understand the current situation of institutional registration in Shaanxi Province after the implementation ofregistration system management in drug clinical trial institutions.Relevant information was collected on...To understand the current situation of institutional registration in Shaanxi Province after the implementation ofregistration system management in drug clinical trial institutions.Relevant information was collected on the“Announcement on the Accreditation of Drug Clinical Trial Institutions”issued by the National Medical Products Administration from 2005 to August 2022,the record management information system of drug and medical device clinical trial institutions,and the drug clinical trial registration and information publicity platform.A retrospective analysis was carried out in terms of institutional development,regional distribution,registered majors,principal investigators,and the number of drug clinical trials.After the implementation of institution registration,the number of drug clinical trial institutions in Shaanxi Province increased by 47.4%,884 principal investigators were registered,the number of registered majors expanded from 58 qualified to 117,and the professional scope increased by 50.4%.The policy of institution registration is conducive to promoting the rational use of medical resources and the development of drug clinical trial institutions and improving the healthy development of the pharmaceutical industry in Shaanxi Province.展开更多
In the process of human survival and development, it is inevitable to transform the original state of the world, thus forming a contradiction between the earth and the earth. The violent form of this contradiction is ...In the process of human survival and development, it is inevitable to transform the original state of the world, thus forming a contradiction between the earth and the earth. The violent form of this contradiction is geological disasters. Geological disasters pose a threat to human life and property, and cause damage caused by natural or human factors, often causing casualties. The destruction process of geological disasters is usually a gradual process, showing many pre-disaster symptoms, such as local landslides, surface cracks, building deformation, tree skew, and ground sound. Evacuation can be avoided in advance according to the disaster precursors, so as to avoid casualties and achieve successful prediction. By reviewing the general situation of geological disasters in Shaanxi Province and the casualties in 2020, the difficulties in the prevention and control of geological disasters are summarized. In view of these difficulties, an on-site investigation, visit and analysis of geological disaster points and successful forecast points in Shaanxi Province in 2020 were conducted. In addition, combined with actual cases and years of work experience, the successful prediction experience of geological disasters was discussed from 8 aspects. Finally, the “Regulations on the Reward for Successful Geological Disaster Forecasting in Shaanxi Province” was revised in order to improve the successful prediction ability of geological disasters in Shaanxi Province and even the whole country, provide reference for future prevention and control of geological disasters, and effectively protect the safety of people’s lives and property.展开更多
分析陕西不同区域雷暴大风形成环境差异,有助于更好地掌握此类过程的热力、动力和环流特征,为该类天气的预报预警提供参考。基于2017—2022年地面观测资料、闪电资料和欧洲中期天气预报中心(European Centre for Medium-Range Weather F...分析陕西不同区域雷暴大风形成环境差异,有助于更好地掌握此类过程的热力、动力和环流特征,为该类天气的预报预警提供参考。基于2017—2022年地面观测资料、闪电资料和欧洲中期天气预报中心(European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts,ECMWF)发布的第五代全球气候再分析资料(ERA5),分析陕西雷暴大风时空分布特征,并分区域对比分析暖型雷暴大风的环境参数和环流特征。结果表明:陕北和关中东部为雷暴大风高发区,暖型雷暴大风明显多于冷型;夏季远多于其他季节,6—8月暖型雷暴大风陕北明显多于关中和陕南。雷暴大风高发时段为15:00—21:00(北京时,下同),且14:00—18:00暖型雷暴大风发生频率陕北明显高于关中和陕南。不同区域暖型雷暴大风发生前热力、动力条件存在一定差异,陕北过程前能量和水汽条件相对较弱,动力条件相对较强;陕南能量和水汽条件相对更强,动力条件相对较弱。频率高于15%的环流型为陕北西风型和反气旋配合西风型、关中西风型和反气旋配合西风型、陕南气旋配合西风型和反气旋配合西风型。陕北西风型和反气旋配合西风型,陕北位于冷涡低槽底部或低槽底部与副热带高压之间,850 hPa和500 hPa温差较大,为对流天气发生提供了一定的不稳定条件,过程平均发生位置附近有切变存在,有利于对流天气触发;关中西风型,低层偏南气流较强,温度露点差较小;陕南气旋配合西风型,T-ln P图表现为近V型且能量条件较好;关中和陕南反气旋配合西风型,T-ln P图表现为近V型且水汽条件较好。展开更多
基金Sponsored by Beijing Urban Governance Research Base of North China University of Technology(2024CSZL07).
文摘A multitude of climate-adaptive design approaches are embedded in regional architecture,which have a positive impact on addressing the deformed development of urban spatial patterns and the dual challenges of climate and resources.This paper examines the principles of climate adaptability embedded in the site layout and spatial organization characteristics of traditional cave dwelling villages in northern Shaanxi Province.The extracted climate adaptability principles are summarized,and the resulting design strategies that are well-suited to the contemporary urban space form are presented.Through analysis,it can be observed that traditional cave dwelling villages in northern Shaanxi are predominantly situated on south-facing slopes in proximity to water at low altitudes.These villages are characterized by compact building groups and east-west development,which is constrained by the elements of mountains and rivers.A two-level street system is generated,comprising streets parallel to the contour line and roadways perpendicular to the contour line.This results in the formation of a courtyard form enclosed by mountains.Such site layout and spatial organization exhibit excellent climate adaptability with regard to heat,ventilation,and wind storage.In light of the aforementioned considerations,the following urban spatial form design strategies are put forth:①the topographic height difference can be exploited to obtain sufficient sunshine;②the group shape can be optimized in order to reduce building energy consumption;③the best orientation of the building can be chosen to take account of both winter and summer conditions;④the height and length can be combined in order to form natural masking;⑤the D/H ratio of streets and roadways should be controlled to achieve a balance between heat gain and cooling of groups;⑥vents should be set appropriately to optimize group ventilation;⑦climate buffers should be established to increase the level of climate response.
基金Project of Xi’an Science and Technology Plan(23YXYJ0163)Education and Teaching Reform Research Project of Xi’an Medical University in 2023(S202311840061)+1 种基金First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University of China(XYYFY-2023-01)2021 Xi’an Medical University University-Level Science and Technology Innovation Team(2021TD14)。
文摘To understand the current situation of institutional registration in Shaanxi Province after the implementation ofregistration system management in drug clinical trial institutions.Relevant information was collected on the“Announcement on the Accreditation of Drug Clinical Trial Institutions”issued by the National Medical Products Administration from 2005 to August 2022,the record management information system of drug and medical device clinical trial institutions,and the drug clinical trial registration and information publicity platform.A retrospective analysis was carried out in terms of institutional development,regional distribution,registered majors,principal investigators,and the number of drug clinical trials.After the implementation of institution registration,the number of drug clinical trial institutions in Shaanxi Province increased by 47.4%,884 principal investigators were registered,the number of registered majors expanded from 58 qualified to 117,and the professional scope increased by 50.4%.The policy of institution registration is conducive to promoting the rational use of medical resources and the development of drug clinical trial institutions and improving the healthy development of the pharmaceutical industry in Shaanxi Province.
文摘In the process of human survival and development, it is inevitable to transform the original state of the world, thus forming a contradiction between the earth and the earth. The violent form of this contradiction is geological disasters. Geological disasters pose a threat to human life and property, and cause damage caused by natural or human factors, often causing casualties. The destruction process of geological disasters is usually a gradual process, showing many pre-disaster symptoms, such as local landslides, surface cracks, building deformation, tree skew, and ground sound. Evacuation can be avoided in advance according to the disaster precursors, so as to avoid casualties and achieve successful prediction. By reviewing the general situation of geological disasters in Shaanxi Province and the casualties in 2020, the difficulties in the prevention and control of geological disasters are summarized. In view of these difficulties, an on-site investigation, visit and analysis of geological disaster points and successful forecast points in Shaanxi Province in 2020 were conducted. In addition, combined with actual cases and years of work experience, the successful prediction experience of geological disasters was discussed from 8 aspects. Finally, the “Regulations on the Reward for Successful Geological Disaster Forecasting in Shaanxi Province” was revised in order to improve the successful prediction ability of geological disasters in Shaanxi Province and even the whole country, provide reference for future prevention and control of geological disasters, and effectively protect the safety of people’s lives and property.
文摘分析陕西不同区域雷暴大风形成环境差异,有助于更好地掌握此类过程的热力、动力和环流特征,为该类天气的预报预警提供参考。基于2017—2022年地面观测资料、闪电资料和欧洲中期天气预报中心(European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts,ECMWF)发布的第五代全球气候再分析资料(ERA5),分析陕西雷暴大风时空分布特征,并分区域对比分析暖型雷暴大风的环境参数和环流特征。结果表明:陕北和关中东部为雷暴大风高发区,暖型雷暴大风明显多于冷型;夏季远多于其他季节,6—8月暖型雷暴大风陕北明显多于关中和陕南。雷暴大风高发时段为15:00—21:00(北京时,下同),且14:00—18:00暖型雷暴大风发生频率陕北明显高于关中和陕南。不同区域暖型雷暴大风发生前热力、动力条件存在一定差异,陕北过程前能量和水汽条件相对较弱,动力条件相对较强;陕南能量和水汽条件相对更强,动力条件相对较弱。频率高于15%的环流型为陕北西风型和反气旋配合西风型、关中西风型和反气旋配合西风型、陕南气旋配合西风型和反气旋配合西风型。陕北西风型和反气旋配合西风型,陕北位于冷涡低槽底部或低槽底部与副热带高压之间,850 hPa和500 hPa温差较大,为对流天气发生提供了一定的不稳定条件,过程平均发生位置附近有切变存在,有利于对流天气触发;关中西风型,低层偏南气流较强,温度露点差较小;陕南气旋配合西风型,T-ln P图表现为近V型且能量条件较好;关中和陕南反气旋配合西风型,T-ln P图表现为近V型且水汽条件较好。
