Oil／Gas Accumulation Characteristics and Exploration Methods of the Deltaic Lithologic Reservoirs in Northern Shaanxi Area

There are large deltaic systems in the Triassic Yanchang Formation in the northern Shaanxi area of the Ordos Basin, and developed two sets of good source-reservoir-caprock assemblages and many sets of oil-bearing beds. Exploration experience demonstrates that the formation and distribution of the reservoir were controlled by the generative depression of the Yanchang Formation, and deltaic reservoir sand body is the material basis for large-scale oilfields. In addition, secondary laumontite in a low permeable area was dissolved and then a high permeable area was formed. The updip lithologic variety of reservoir sand bodies is favorable to the formation of subtle lithologic traps, and the deltaic reservoirs are characterized by large multi-beds of oil-generation and abundant hydrocarbon resources. In this paper, the petroleum geologic settings of the studied area are analyzed, and the accumulation characteristics and exploration methods of lithologic reservoirs are summarized. It is of theoretical significance for the study of the exploration theories of lithologic reservoirs, and also expedites the exploration steps of deltaic reservoirs in the northern Shaanxi area.

Study on Development Countermeasures of Cave Dwellings in Northern Area of Shaanxi Province in China

In view of traditional house in northern area of Shaanxi Province which was cave dwelling,based on cave dwelling and its development environment,the paper had analyzed architectural characteristics and use value of cave dwelling and its development in northern Shaanxi,and then pointed out that cave dwelling development had been reduced into an awkward situation.By using SWOT analysis method,the strengths,weaknesses,opportunities and threats of cave dwellings had been summarized.In terms of strengths,cave dwelling had ecological advantage as native architecture,was constructed based on local conditions,could solve land,energy and environment problems on Loess Plateau,and abounded in aesthetic value of native feature.In terms of weaknesses,village layout lacked of integrity,transportation was not convenient,indoor ventilation and lighting were insufficient,and pattern and space were simplified and stereotyped.In terms of opportunities,it stressed architectural ecology having received more and more attention in the world,and exploration and application of underground civil architecture.In terms of threats,it lied in construction technology of cave dwelling,contradiction between cave dwelling and urbanization and between cave dwelling and modern life,and management mode of restricted type.On this basis,it suggested that cave dwelling development in northern Shaanxi should transform people's traditio-nal concept through correct guidance of public voice;strive to eliminate weakness of cave dwelling;improve cave environment by enhancing infrastructure construction;develop characteristic cave dwelling cultural tourism in northern Shaanxi,and construct new socialist countryside of northern Shaanxi character.

The Taxonomic Status of Spermophilus in the Plague Area of Dingbian County,Shaanxi Province,China

This study was conducted to define the taxonomic status of Spermophilus in the plague area of Dingbian County in Shaanxi Province,China,through the two-factor variance analysis of morphological characteristics,DNA barcoding,and chromosome karyotype analysis.

Formation of the Micro-Disseminated Strata-bound Gold Deposits, With Special Reference to Structural Evolution, Miliang Area, Zhen'an County,Shaanxi Province, China

Based on detailed geologic study, the important role of structuring in the formation of gold deposits in the area is discussed with special reference to structural evolution. Syngenetic faulting contemporaneous with tectonic-volcanic events is thought to be responsible for providing the ore-forming material at depth. The lithofacies formed by highly alternating deposition of terrestrial and carbonate detritus is chemically characterized by the assemblage of Au-Sb-As,constituting a favorable source bed for the activation and enrichment of gold. This gold source bed has undergone four major stages of structural deformation, accompanied by multi-staged alteration and mineralization.

PROBLEMS AND COUNTERMEASURES FOR RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL RENOVATION IN THE CONTIGUOUS AREA OF SHANXI,SHAANXI AND INNER MONGOLIA

The studied area consists of 16 counties belonging to 3 provinces or autonomous re-gion, which are Hequ, Baode, Pianguan and Xinxian counties of Shanxi Province; Yulin,Shenmu, Fugu, Hengshan, Jingbian and Dingbian counties of Shaanxi Province;Dongsheng, Tuoketuo, Qingshuihe counties and Yijinhuoluo, Dalate, Zhungeer banners

陕北煤矿区采动地裂缝对土壤抗蚀性的影响规律研究

采动地裂缝作为黄河流域中游陕北煤矿区最突出且典型的采动损害问题,引发的水土流失效应已经不容忽视。为了研究采动地裂缝发育对周边土壤抗蚀性的影响,以陕北煤矿区内宽度分别为0~10,10~20,20~30 cm的采动地裂缝为研究对象,采集周边水平距离80 cm以内,垂直深度40 cm以浅的土壤,测定了土壤水稳性团聚体、微团聚体、无机黏粒、有机黏粒、物理性质类等14个国内外学者普遍关注的用于量化表征土壤抗蚀性的指标,采用层次分析法、敏感性分析和因子分析相结合的方法甄选出陕北采动地裂缝发育区土壤抗蚀性的重要量化指标,构建了陕北采动地裂缝发育区土壤抗蚀性综合指数模型。结果表明:①综合层次分析法、敏感性分析和因子分析,甄选确定>0.25 mm水稳性团聚体含量、平均重量直径、<0.001 mm细黏粒含量、土壤团聚度、土壤有机质含量5个指标作为量化表征陕北采动地裂缝发育区土壤抗蚀性的重要指标;②采动地裂缝会降低周围土壤的5个土壤抗蚀性重要指标,其中>0.25 mm水稳性团聚体含量变化最为明显;③根据土壤抗蚀性重要指标,基于因子分析原理构建了陕北采动地裂缝发育区土壤抗蚀性综合指数模型;④采动地裂缝会降低周围土壤的抗侵蚀综合能力,且该效应随着裂缝宽度的增大和水平距离的减小而增强,当距采动地裂缝的水平距离超过170 cm时,采动地裂缝对周围土壤抗侵蚀综合能力的负效应基本消失,其可作为陕北采动地裂缝发育区土壤侵蚀防控的关键区域。研究结果可为黄河中游陕北矿区水土流失的精准防控提供科学依据。

“四史”教育视域下川陕苏区“红色故事”融入地方高校思政课堂的必要性与路径分析

作为川陕苏区历史重要载体的“红色故事”理应在“四史”学习教育尤其是党史学习教育中发挥重要作用。将川陕苏区“红色故事”有效融入思政课堂,对于地方高校打造高品质思政课来说,不仅很有必要,而且有着极为重要的理论价值和现实意义。

共同富裕视阈下旅游发展助推县域脱贫振兴的效率研究——以陕西秦巴山片区为例

紧密契合新发展阶段推进共同富裕的战略目标,以陕西秦巴山片区为例,运用三阶段DEA-Malmquist指数模型、地理探测器等方法对旅游发展助推县域脱贫振兴的效率进行测度,明确其演变特征,识别影响因素及其交互作用。结果表明:(1)陕西秦巴山片区旅游发展助推县域脱贫振兴的综合效率总体处于中等水平,各县域效率存在明显的区域异质性;(2)2016—2021年陕西秦巴山片区旅游发展助推县域脱贫振兴的效率整体呈波动上升趋势,通过旅游发展来带动县域脱贫振兴还存在较大的提升空间;(3)交通、人均财政支出、人均地区生产总值等因素及其交互作用对旅游发展助推县域脱贫振兴的效率存在显著影响。最后,从合理配置旅游投入产出要素、构建旅游共享发展新格局、改善基础设施及旅游产业经济基础等方面提出了策略建议。

蒙陕矿区内钢板-钢筋混凝土钻井井壁非均匀受力特性研究

以蒙陕矿区某煤矿风井为工程背景,利用双向不等压模型推导出水平地应力下井壁的受力形式,并得出了非均匀系数k的计算公式,确定了蒙陕矿区地层的不均匀系数范围为0.06~0.20,研判了钻井井壁全深受力关键横断面的受力破坏特征。根据有限元软件ANSYS模拟非均匀荷载条件下的井壁受力规律,井壁混凝土外缘环向应力为控制应力,井壁应力呈现非均匀分布,90°位置的不均匀程度大于0°位置,外荷载较小的90°位置受拉,而外荷载较大的0°位置受压。通过对井壁压力试验台对内钢板-钢筋混凝土进行非均匀加载试验分析,非均匀荷载对钻井井壁受力影响极为明显,在k=0.15时模型的峰值应力仅为均匀荷载条件下的23.1%~33.3%;在k=0.20时模型的峰值应力为均匀荷载条件下的20%左右,且破坏形式为混凝土先受拉破坏,随后钢筋和钢板屈服。研究结果表明,内钢板-钢筋混凝土钻井井壁对非均匀荷载较为敏感,在蒙陕矿区使用钻井法应该考虑非均匀系数的影响,且需要在井壁设计阶段重点关注井壁外荷载较小位置的受力。

从川陕苏区红色石刻标语看党的政治价值观

川陕苏区是土地革命时期党领导红四方面军创建的“全国第二大苏区”,在这个区域曾镌刻了大量的红色石刻标语,这些石刻标语蕴含了党在革命时期坚持科学信仰、追求独立解放、加强团结联合、实现自由平等、代表人民利益的政治价值观,其现实启示是要始终坚持对马克思主义的信仰不动摇,大力弘扬社会主义核心价值观,坚持以人民为中心的发展思想,坚持党的统一战线方针。

Dry Intrusion Analysis of A Heavy Rainstorm in Southern Shaanxi

[Objective] One regional rainstorm weather in the south area of Shaanxi was expounded.[Method] By employing the NCEP/NCAR 1°×1°reanalysis data,routine observation and automatic precipitation station data,the large scale circulation background field of regional precipitation in the south area of Shaanxi province from July 16-18 in 2010 was expounded.By dint of physical quantity such as the meridional wind,relative humidity and false relative temperature,the characteristics of dry intrusion and its role in rainstorm were expounded.[Result] The mild and high latitude at 500 hPa was stable.The continental high pressure and subtropical high pressure were stable.The 700 and 850 hPa shear lines or low vortexes were the main influence system that resulted into large scale of rainstorm in south Shaanxi.The landing typhoon had distinct influences on the importance of storm.The influence of typhoon and subtropical high was mutual.It not only formed and strengthened the torrent in the low air,also transmitted water vapor and energy incessantly to the south area of Shaanxi,playing an important role in augment of rainstorm.There were two distinct dry intrusions in the rainstorm process,showing a dense dry layer in the high layer of convective layer.The existence of dry layer was conductive to the accumulation of convective unstable energy in the low layer.The release of convective unstable energy could transmit warm and wet airstream in the low level to the higher level,being conductive to the occurrence of precipitation.The analysis of θse in the warp direction vertical profile suggested that there was frontal zone in this rainstorm process and the dry air activity in this rainstorm process was very strong.[Conclusion] The study provided theoretical reference to the forecast in future.

后扶贫时代川陕革命老区相对贫困治理机制研究

基于川陕革命老区的实地调研数据,采用Alkire-Foster多维贫困测量法,对川陕革命老区农村居民多维相对贫困进行测度和分解.测度结果显示:单维相对贫困发生率差异明显,多维贫困发生率仍然较高.在后扶贫时代,川陕革命老区相对贫困治理需要从教育扶贫、产业扶贫、生态扶贫、联动扶贫、保障扶贫等方面建立长效机制.

乡村振兴视域下生态环境治理的现实挑战与实践进路——以陕南农村为例

陕南农村生态环境治理以习近平生态文明思想为理论指导、以人民群众对优美生态环境需要为价值目标、以陕南农村生态环境发展实际为实践基础,加强对陕南农村生态环境治理的研究与实践,对全面推进乡村振兴有重要的现实意义和研究价值。党的十八大以来,陕南农村生态环境治理取得显著成效,但是还存在生态环境治理制度尚不完善,制度执行力有待提高;生态环境治理主体单一,多元共治责任有待落实;绿色生产方式有待创新等诸多现实挑战。为此,提出建立健全生态环境管理和监督制度,增强农村生态执法力度;充分发挥政府主导作用,推进农村多元主体协同共治;发展绿色循环产业,推动农业生产方式绿色转型等实践进路,以期为我国农村生态环境治理提供陕南经验。

川陕苏区的医疗卫生工作及其运行实态

川陕苏区建立后,苏区军民面临着战争创伤和疫病连年肆虐的严峻挑战。中国共产党的革命力量是以工农群众为主体,少有专业技术人员的参与,再加之川北乡村贫困落后,本就缺乏现代医学的根基,专业的医护人员和医疗用品极为缺乏,红军伤病员的处境亦十分艰难。面对困境和挑战,川陕苏区共产党人通过创建医疗卫生机构,挖掘当地中医药资源,培养速成医护人员,筹措、自制药品和医疗器械,建立伤员转运抢救体系,加强精神抚慰和物质优抚等举措,有效改善了苏区的医疗条件和伤病员的现实处境。其间,苏区的医疗卫生工作作为共产主义革命链条上的重要一环,也呈现了阶级意识、思想改造、物质优待、权势转移、革命理念等多个层面的要素聚集。

陕西省关中地区桃园土壤肥力状况分析与评价

【目的】调查陕西省关中地区桃园土壤肥力状况,旨在为该区桃园土壤养分管理和施肥提供科学依据。【方法】以咸阳、宝鸡、铜川和渭南4市共24个桃园0~40 cm土层土壤为研究对象,对土壤容重、孔隙度、pH及有机质、全氮、有效磷、有效钾、硝态氮和铵态氮含量进行测定分析并评价。【结果】陕西省关中地区桃园0~20 cm土层土壤容重和孔隙度处于适宜范围,而在>20~40 cm土层,咸阳地区土壤容重较高,宝鸡地区土壤容重较高且孔隙度较低,均超出适宜范围;研究区土壤pH平均值为8.1,除宝鸡桃园土壤pH在6.4~6.9之间外,其余地区桃园均为碱性土壤,pH在8.2~9.0之间;陕西省关中地区土壤肥力总体水平不高,土壤有机质最为缺乏,在0~40 cm土层中,66.7%以上的桃园土壤有机质和全氮含量均处于缺乏水平;0~40 cm土壤有效钾含量均处于适宜或丰富水平,>20~40 cm土层的土壤有效磷含量处于缺乏水平;关中地区速效氮平均含量(w,后同)为10.8 mg·kg^(-1),处于缺乏状态,其中渭南的桃园土壤氨态氮和硝态氮含量最高,0~40 cm土层平均值分别为5.1 mg·kg^(-1),13.6 mg·kg^(-1),咸阳、铜川地区次之,宝鸡地区最低。【结论】陕西省关中地区桃园土壤有机质含量低,肥力低,应采取综合措施调节土壤通气保水性、降低碱度并培肥土壤。

2001—2022年陕北黄土地区地质灾害时空分布及引发因素分析

基于陕西省2001—2022年地质灾害资料,分析研究了榆林和延安22年来黄土地质灾害的时空分布规律和引发因素,并提出了防治措施建议,对陕西省乃至西北黄土高原地质灾害防治工作提供了可借鉴的依据。①在空间上重灾区呈弧形分布,主要在榆林的清涧县、绥德县、子洲县以及延安的宝塔区、安塞区、志丹县。地质灾害主要发育在丘陵区,支流两岸和河流交汇处。②在时间上主要发生在冻融季节和汛期,其中3月和7—10月是地质灾害高发期,而以7—8月为集中暴发期、产生的灾害最为严重。③降水和人工切坡是引发地质灾害发生的主要因素。④防治上,榆林、延安每年3月与汛期7—10月是重点防范期,弧形带是重点防范区,应加强巡查排查、监测预警、综合治理、宣传培训等综合防治措施;榆林前5d累计降水量在76 mm左右、预报降水量在37 mm时,延安地区前5d累计降水量在79 mm左右、预报降水量42 mm时,发出预报预警。

百年中国法治历史中的陕西党史元素

中国特色社会主义法治模式,是百年来中国共产党领导法治的探索成果,是从革命时期局部执政到当代中国治国理政法治经验的总结。党领导法治的历史,特别是中共中央在延安的十三年,蕴含着丰富的陕西党史元素,不仅体现在局部执政的法治建设、依规治党的经验,还体现为陕西党史中的红色法制历程。总结和凝练党领导法治历史中的陕西元素,有助于理解当代中国的法治,拓展陕西党史的研究。

蒙陕接壤区典型煤层开采顶板周期性变形破坏及涌水响应特征

【目的】煤矿开采扰动破坏覆岩含/隔水层结构,造成集中涌水,影响矿井安全生产。【方法】以面临典型顶板砂岩水影响的蒙陕接壤区主采煤层3-1煤开采涌水过程为研究对象,采用物理相似材料模拟、数值仿真模拟、现场原位监测3种方法,并通过周边地质和开采条件相似矿井实测数据对比,分析3-1煤典型工作面开采煤体支承压力周期性演变规律、采空区覆岩垂直位移演变规律,定量获取实验室尺度顶板周期来压瞬间微震能量事件变化特征,综合确定顶板导水裂隙带随采发育特征,以及顶板涌水随覆岩周期来压变化趋势。【结果和结论】结果表明:工作面开采覆岩初次来压步距约40 m,周期性来压步距12~28 m,覆岩破断瞬间围岩周期性来压呈现“先增后稳定”的趋势,在推进至第5次周期来压(推进距离约140 m)时,超前支承压力达到最大,覆岩周期性来压、破断瞬间垂直位移峰值随采呈现“之”字型变化特征,同样,位移监测数据、微震事件总能量、事件频次等综合指标指示,在第5次周期来压瞬间,覆岩垂直位移变幅达到最大值,塑性区发育高度基本稳定;导水裂隙带发育最大高度在120 m左右,将直接沟通顶板直罗组砂岩含水层,地下水随采涌入过程呈现两种波动变化趋势,工作面全局尺度上呈现长周期“阶梯式”增长趋势,“阶梯式”增长周期约800 m,局部尺度呈现短周期“振荡”变化趋势,振荡周期16~48 m,并表现出与覆岩来压周期之间的较强关联性。研究结果为工作面涌水量预测以及防排水系统布设提供参考。

基于SPEI的陕西苹果产区近60a干旱变化特征

研究旨在明确气候变暖背景下陕西苹果产区的干旱变化特征,为陕西苹果产区适应气候变化,科学指导陕西苹果防旱减损提供参考。利用陕西省苹果产区近60 a的气象站月降水、气温资料,计算陕西苹果各产区年、生长季、各生育期的标准化降水蒸散指数SPEI,对其进行趋势、突变和周期变化分析。研究结果表明近60 a陕西苹果产区年际明显趋于干旱,生长季总体趋于干旱,突变点多集中在1970s和1990s,1990s后干旱趋势较为明显,其中渭北东部产区干旱趋势尤为显著、干旱风险持续增加;萌芽—幼果期干旱趋势十分明显,干旱风险持续增加,突变点多集中在1970s后期至1980s初期和1990s初期,1990s初期后干旱趋势较为明显,产区中渭北西部、渭北东部、关中的干旱趋势显著;着色—成熟期、越冬休眠期总体趋于干旱,突变点多集中在1970s,1970s中后期以来呈干旱趋势,各产区均存在干旱趋势但变化趋势不显著;果实膨大期则以波动变化为主,未有显著的变化趋势。基于SPEI的干旱分析结合了降雨和蒸散发、考虑了更长时间尺度、适用于不同气候区域,更能客观反映气候变暖背景下陕西苹果产区干旱情况。气候变化造成的降水偏少、气温升高是陕西苹果产区趋于干旱的主要影响因素。