【目的】以葡萄汁为原料,植物乳杆菌Zhang-LL及马克斯克鲁维酵母M3为发酵菌株,优化葡萄汁酵素的发酵工艺条件。【方法】比较植物乳杆菌Zhang-LL和马克斯克鲁维酵母M3在葡萄汁中的不同接种方式对益生菌活菌数和DPPH清除率的影响,筛选葡...【目的】以葡萄汁为原料,植物乳杆菌Zhang-LL及马克斯克鲁维酵母M3为发酵菌株,优化葡萄汁酵素的发酵工艺条件。【方法】比较植物乳杆菌Zhang-LL和马克斯克鲁维酵母M3在葡萄汁中的不同接种方式对益生菌活菌数和DPPH清除率的影响,筛选葡萄汁酵素最优接种发酵方式。进一步通过单因素试验及响应面试验,优化葡萄汁酵素最佳发酵工艺条件。【结果】植物乳杆菌Zhang-LL和马克斯克鲁维酵母M3共发酵可以显著提高葡萄汁酵素中益生菌活菌数和DPPH清除率;植物乳杆菌Zhang-LL和马克斯克鲁维酵母M3共发酵的最佳工艺条件为:按照1∶1比例接种,初始接种量5.00 lg CFU/mL、大豆蛋白胨添加量0.46%、34℃发酵18 h,植物乳杆菌Zhang-LL活菌数达6.60×10^(8)CFU/mL,马克斯克鲁维酵母M3活菌数达8.20×10^(7)CFU/mL,酵素DPPH清除率85.25%。【结论】乳酸菌与酵母菌协同发酵,在缩短发酵时间的同时还能达到较高的活菌数和DPPH清除率,可为葡萄汁酵素的工业化制备及后续多功能产品研发提供理论依据。展开更多
Extensive numerical simulations and scaling analysis are performed to investigate competitive growth between the linear and nonlinear stochastic dynamic growth systems, which belong to the Edwards–Wilkinson(EW) and K...Extensive numerical simulations and scaling analysis are performed to investigate competitive growth between the linear and nonlinear stochastic dynamic growth systems, which belong to the Edwards–Wilkinson(EW) and Kardar–Parisi–Zhang(KPZ) universality classes, respectively. The linear growth systems include the EW equation and the model of random deposition with surface relaxation(RDSR), the nonlinear growth systems involve the KPZ equation and typical discrete models including ballistic deposition(BD), etching, and restricted solid on solid(RSOS). The scaling exponents are obtained in both the(1 + 1)-and(2 + 1)-dimensional competitive growth with the nonlinear growth probability p and the linear proportion 1-p. Our results show that, when p changes from 0 to 1, there exist non-trivial crossover effects from EW to KPZ universality classes based on different competitive growth rules. Furthermore, the growth rate and the porosity are also estimated within various linear and nonlinear growths of cooperation and competition.展开更多
为探究干酪乳酪杆菌Zhang(Lacticaseibacillus casei Zhang)在酸和低温胁迫下能否形成活的非可培养(viable but non-culturable,VBNC)状态。该实验将L.casei Zhang置于不同pH值(2.5、3、4、5、6)的MRS液体培养基中,在4℃条件下进行酸和...为探究干酪乳酪杆菌Zhang(Lacticaseibacillus casei Zhang)在酸和低温胁迫下能否形成活的非可培养(viable but non-culturable,VBNC)状态。该实验将L.casei Zhang置于不同pH值(2.5、3、4、5、6)的MRS液体培养基中,在4℃条件下进行酸和低温胁迫,不同时间点取样,然后采用平板计数法、荧光显微镜和流式细胞术3种方法对胁迫后的菌体进行活性测定。实验结果显示,低温条件下L.casei Zhang在pH值为2.5、3、5、6胁迫下未获得VBNC态;L.casei Zhang在pH 4的MRS液体培养基低温胁迫120 d获得了VBNC态,革兰氏染色观察到VBNC态细胞长度变短变弯曲。该研究为L.casei Zhang VBNC态的机理研究提供了一定的参考依据。展开更多
THE traditional Chongyanag Festival-also known as the Festival of the Elderly-falls on the ninth day of the ninth month of the lunar calendar.Legend has it that during the Eastern Han Dynasty(25-220),there was a Taois...THE traditional Chongyanag Festival-also known as the Festival of the Elderly-falls on the ninth day of the ninth month of the lunar calendar.Legend has it that during the Eastern Han Dynasty(25-220),there was a Taoist named Huanjing,whose hometown,Shangcai,now a county in north China’s Henan Province,was ravaged by plague and people were living in miserable conditions.On the ninth day of the ninth lunar month,Huanjing brought dogwood twigs and chrysanthemum liquor back home to relieve his hometown of its suffering.展开更多
As a national cultural property,General Zhang Fei’s Temple is the largest ancient architectural complex in the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River.It was built in the Han Dynasty and has a long history of nearly 2,000 ...As a national cultural property,General Zhang Fei’s Temple is the largest ancient architectural complex in the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River.It was built in the Han Dynasty and has a long history of nearly 2,000 years.In 1994,the Chinese government launched the Three Gorges Dam project at the Yangtze River and implemented the largest relocation project for the General Zhang Fei Temple to prevent it from being submerged.The temple was relocated 32 kilometers upstream along with the local people of Yunyang County,and the historic environment was rebuilt on the opposite side of the migrant city of New Yunyang County.The temple was restored successfully and the tradition of offering sacrifices to General Zhang Fei continued in the local community.The relocation project lasted for 8 years and became the largest cultural heritage conservation project of the People’s Republic of China at the end of the 20th century.This paper comprehensively summarizes and reviews the project goals,implementation process,and project highlights of this relocation,so as to provide an important case reference for heritage conservation projects in the future.展开更多
文摘【目的】以葡萄汁为原料,植物乳杆菌Zhang-LL及马克斯克鲁维酵母M3为发酵菌株,优化葡萄汁酵素的发酵工艺条件。【方法】比较植物乳杆菌Zhang-LL和马克斯克鲁维酵母M3在葡萄汁中的不同接种方式对益生菌活菌数和DPPH清除率的影响,筛选葡萄汁酵素最优接种发酵方式。进一步通过单因素试验及响应面试验,优化葡萄汁酵素最佳发酵工艺条件。【结果】植物乳杆菌Zhang-LL和马克斯克鲁维酵母M3共发酵可以显著提高葡萄汁酵素中益生菌活菌数和DPPH清除率;植物乳杆菌Zhang-LL和马克斯克鲁维酵母M3共发酵的最佳工艺条件为:按照1∶1比例接种,初始接种量5.00 lg CFU/mL、大豆蛋白胨添加量0.46%、34℃发酵18 h,植物乳杆菌Zhang-LL活菌数达6.60×10^(8)CFU/mL,马克斯克鲁维酵母M3活菌数达8.20×10^(7)CFU/mL,酵素DPPH清除率85.25%。【结论】乳酸菌与酵母菌协同发酵,在缩短发酵时间的同时还能达到较高的活菌数和DPPH清除率,可为葡萄汁酵素的工业化制备及后续多功能产品研发提供理论依据。
基金supported by Undergraduate Training Program for Innovation and Entrepreneurship of China University of Mining and Technology (CUMT)(Grant No. 202110290059Z)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of CUMT (Grant No. 2020ZDPYMS33)。
文摘Extensive numerical simulations and scaling analysis are performed to investigate competitive growth between the linear and nonlinear stochastic dynamic growth systems, which belong to the Edwards–Wilkinson(EW) and Kardar–Parisi–Zhang(KPZ) universality classes, respectively. The linear growth systems include the EW equation and the model of random deposition with surface relaxation(RDSR), the nonlinear growth systems involve the KPZ equation and typical discrete models including ballistic deposition(BD), etching, and restricted solid on solid(RSOS). The scaling exponents are obtained in both the(1 + 1)-and(2 + 1)-dimensional competitive growth with the nonlinear growth probability p and the linear proportion 1-p. Our results show that, when p changes from 0 to 1, there exist non-trivial crossover effects from EW to KPZ universality classes based on different competitive growth rules. Furthermore, the growth rate and the porosity are also estimated within various linear and nonlinear growths of cooperation and competition.
文摘THE traditional Chongyanag Festival-also known as the Festival of the Elderly-falls on the ninth day of the ninth month of the lunar calendar.Legend has it that during the Eastern Han Dynasty(25-220),there was a Taoist named Huanjing,whose hometown,Shangcai,now a county in north China’s Henan Province,was ravaged by plague and people were living in miserable conditions.On the ninth day of the ninth lunar month,Huanjing brought dogwood twigs and chrysanthemum liquor back home to relieve his hometown of its suffering.
文摘As a national cultural property,General Zhang Fei’s Temple is the largest ancient architectural complex in the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River.It was built in the Han Dynasty and has a long history of nearly 2,000 years.In 1994,the Chinese government launched the Three Gorges Dam project at the Yangtze River and implemented the largest relocation project for the General Zhang Fei Temple to prevent it from being submerged.The temple was relocated 32 kilometers upstream along with the local people of Yunyang County,and the historic environment was rebuilt on the opposite side of the migrant city of New Yunyang County.The temple was restored successfully and the tradition of offering sacrifices to General Zhang Fei continued in the local community.The relocation project lasted for 8 years and became the largest cultural heritage conservation project of the People’s Republic of China at the end of the 20th century.This paper comprehensively summarizes and reviews the project goals,implementation process,and project highlights of this relocation,so as to provide an important case reference for heritage conservation projects in the future.
