利用TE Model 49C型臭氧监测仪,于2004年1月1日—12月31日,在上甸子本底站进行了地面φ(O3)的连续在线监测.分析了全年φ(O3)的变化特征及其与同期气象要素的相关关系,并对φ(O3)高值日的个例分析进行了验证.结果表明,上甸子本底站地面...利用TE Model 49C型臭氧监测仪,于2004年1月1日—12月31日,在上甸子本底站进行了地面φ(O3)的连续在线监测.分析了全年φ(O3)的变化特征及其与同期气象要素的相关关系,并对φ(O3)高值日的个例分析进行了验证.结果表明,上甸子本底站地面φ(O3)具有明显的季节变化和日变化规律,并且与同期的气象条件密切相关.主要特征:①夏初φ(O3)较高,6月的平均值达到最高,小时平均最大值可达129.7μL/m3;而冬季φ(O3)较低,12月的平均值达到最低,小时平均最大值仅为32.7μL/m3.②日变化趋势较为明显,在4:00—7:00出现最低值,在15:00—18:00出现最高值,变化幅度为夏季最大、冬季较小.③气温与φ(O3)呈显著正相关,夏季相对湿度与φ(O3)呈显著负相关,风向和辐射强度也与φ(O3)及其变化规律呈显著相关关系.展开更多
The comprehensive impact of atmospheric dry deposition and wet deposition and the pollution sources of farmlands, mining areas, and towns along the Baihe River on the water quality of Miyun reservoir is investigated f...The comprehensive impact of atmospheric dry deposition and wet deposition and the pollution sources of farmlands, mining areas, and towns along the Baihe River on the water quality of Miyun reservoir is investigated from the angle of the complex sources of air-soil-water pollution processes, in the context of the 1990-2001 precipitation chemical data at Shangdianzi station--a WMO regional background air pollution monitoring station 15 km far from the Miyun reservoir, in conjunction with the atmospheric dry deposition and wet deposition data of the 2002-2003 Beijing City Air Pollution Observation Field Experiment (BECAPEX). Analysis results suggest that the major ions in precipitation in the Miyun reservoir region in this period were SO, NO, NH and Ca2+; wet acid deposition quantity of Miyun reservoir in the summer half year (April to September) was greater than the quantity in the winter half year (October to March), and the annual wet acid deposition in the reservoir exhibited a rising trend with the mean 1038.45 t, the maximum 1766.31 t occurred in 1996, and the minimum 604.02 t in 1994; the long-term averaged pH of atmospheric precipitation in the Miyun reservoir region was 5.20, i.e. weakly acidic, and the interannual variation of pH values displayed a falling trend. pH values of water body at various depths in the Miyun reservoir were all greater than 7.0, but they exhibited vertical and horizontal nonhomogeneity, and at the same region pH decreased vertically with depth; the 2002 and 2003 annual dustfalls in the Miyun reservoir were 13513.08 t and 3577.64 t, respectively, and the spring dustfall was the number one in a year, accounting for the 61.91% and 44.56% of the annual totals of 2002 and 2003, respectively. Because the atmospheric dry deposition and wet depositions contain multiple types heavy metal elements and harmful elements, they to some extent exacerbated the eutrophication, acidification and potential heavy metal pollution of the reservoir water. The above comprehensive analysis results reveal the complex source characters of the air-soil-water pollution process and the multi-sphere interaction effect. Besides, summer (rainy season) is a season when local soil pollutants enter the water system of reservoir after being washed out by torrential rain or heavy precipitation, which starts the air-soil- water chaining pollution processes, and results in the water pollution of rivers and reservoirs. It is found from the statistical analysis in this paper that the water pollution of Miyun reservoir was correlated with the rain wash-out and confluent flow in the peripheral and upstream local region of the reservoir, and the pollutant concentration of the reservoir water was significantly correlated with the upstream local region precipitation. Those correlation characters reveal the effect of the air-soil-water multi-spheric interaction of reservoir water pollution process. This paper presents the point of view of the complex source analysis of reservoir water pollution and a technical approach for tracing the spatial distribution of the upstream pollution source of the water systems of reservoir.展开更多
文摘利用TE Model 49C型臭氧监测仪,于2004年1月1日—12月31日,在上甸子本底站进行了地面φ(O3)的连续在线监测.分析了全年φ(O3)的变化特征及其与同期气象要素的相关关系,并对φ(O3)高值日的个例分析进行了验证.结果表明,上甸子本底站地面φ(O3)具有明显的季节变化和日变化规律,并且与同期的气象条件密切相关.主要特征:①夏初φ(O3)较高,6月的平均值达到最高,小时平均最大值可达129.7μL/m3;而冬季φ(O3)较低,12月的平均值达到最低,小时平均最大值仅为32.7μL/m3.②日变化趋势较为明显,在4:00—7:00出现最低值,在15:00—18:00出现最高值,变化幅度为夏季最大、冬季较小.③气温与φ(O3)呈显著正相关,夏季相对湿度与φ(O3)呈显著负相关,风向和辐射强度也与φ(O3)及其变化规律呈显著相关关系.
文摘The comprehensive impact of atmospheric dry deposition and wet deposition and the pollution sources of farmlands, mining areas, and towns along the Baihe River on the water quality of Miyun reservoir is investigated from the angle of the complex sources of air-soil-water pollution processes, in the context of the 1990-2001 precipitation chemical data at Shangdianzi station--a WMO regional background air pollution monitoring station 15 km far from the Miyun reservoir, in conjunction with the atmospheric dry deposition and wet deposition data of the 2002-2003 Beijing City Air Pollution Observation Field Experiment (BECAPEX). Analysis results suggest that the major ions in precipitation in the Miyun reservoir region in this period were SO, NO, NH and Ca2+; wet acid deposition quantity of Miyun reservoir in the summer half year (April to September) was greater than the quantity in the winter half year (October to March), and the annual wet acid deposition in the reservoir exhibited a rising trend with the mean 1038.45 t, the maximum 1766.31 t occurred in 1996, and the minimum 604.02 t in 1994; the long-term averaged pH of atmospheric precipitation in the Miyun reservoir region was 5.20, i.e. weakly acidic, and the interannual variation of pH values displayed a falling trend. pH values of water body at various depths in the Miyun reservoir were all greater than 7.0, but they exhibited vertical and horizontal nonhomogeneity, and at the same region pH decreased vertically with depth; the 2002 and 2003 annual dustfalls in the Miyun reservoir were 13513.08 t and 3577.64 t, respectively, and the spring dustfall was the number one in a year, accounting for the 61.91% and 44.56% of the annual totals of 2002 and 2003, respectively. Because the atmospheric dry deposition and wet depositions contain multiple types heavy metal elements and harmful elements, they to some extent exacerbated the eutrophication, acidification and potential heavy metal pollution of the reservoir water. The above comprehensive analysis results reveal the complex source characters of the air-soil-water pollution process and the multi-sphere interaction effect. Besides, summer (rainy season) is a season when local soil pollutants enter the water system of reservoir after being washed out by torrential rain or heavy precipitation, which starts the air-soil- water chaining pollution processes, and results in the water pollution of rivers and reservoirs. It is found from the statistical analysis in this paper that the water pollution of Miyun reservoir was correlated with the rain wash-out and confluent flow in the peripheral and upstream local region of the reservoir, and the pollutant concentration of the reservoir water was significantly correlated with the upstream local region precipitation. Those correlation characters reveal the effect of the air-soil-water multi-spheric interaction of reservoir water pollution process. This paper presents the point of view of the complex source analysis of reservoir water pollution and a technical approach for tracing the spatial distribution of the upstream pollution source of the water systems of reservoir.
