The Primacy question addressed in our study is: Is the difterntial expression of rbcL gene in mesophyll cells and in bundle sheath cells related to the sequence of the gene per se?An enzymatic approach was fist establ...The Primacy question addressed in our study is: Is the difterntial expression of rbcL gene in mesophyll cells and in bundle sheath cells related to the sequence of the gene per se?An enzymatic approach was fist established to separate the two groups of cells. Microscopic examination revealed satisfactory separation effect: minimal mutual contamination was found so that no mistake might be introduced into biochemical or molecular biological expeitments using such preparations. CpDNA were isolated from mesophyll cells and from bundle sheath cells and coding region of rbcL gene was obtained from each by PCR ampilfication.Cloning and sequencing were then done on them.Compartive analysis , however, revealed identical sequence, with a length of 1,368 bp, encoding 456 amino acids. Since sequences of the non-coding regions of rbcL gene in masephyll sad bundle sheath have not been obtained, it can not yet be concluded that the differential expression is not related to the sequence itself. Nevertheless,It sesems justifiable to infer that whatever difference there may be between the sequences of rbcL gene in two groups of cells can only be found in the non-coding regions(including promoter and the 3' down stream region).展开更多
The photosynthesis of rice sheath plays a significant role to furnish rice yield, and it is accounted for 10 to 20% of the final yield. But, limited studies have been done to address this phenomenon and to characteriz...The photosynthesis of rice sheath plays a significant role to furnish rice yield, and it is accounted for 10 to 20% of the final yield. But, limited studies have been done to address this phenomenon and to characterize the mesophyllous cells of rice sheath and how it may attribute to the rice yield. In this paper, super hybrid rice Liangyoupeijiu, its parents Wumang 9311 and Peiai 64S, and hybrid rice Shanyou 63 were studied as the experimental materials, and the characteristics of the mesophyllous cells of rice sheaths were examined by microscopic and super-microscopic observation as well as chlorophyll absorption spectrums. The results showed that rice sheath was rich in the intact mesophyllous cells full of chloroplasts, grana and thylakoids, which were much the same as those of rice blade. The absorption spectrum curves of the Chl. a and b of the sheaths were similar to those of the blades. The stomatal density in the outer epidermises of the sheaths was comparable to those in the up- and down-epidermises of the blades. The significant tests proved that the amount of chloroplast per mesophyllous cell of the sheaths was almost the same as those of the blades, and the mesophyllous cells in the sheaths were also rich in chlorophylls. The chlorophyll content of rice sheath reached about 50% of the chlorophyll content of rice blade, and the P, of the sheath/the blade ranged from 13.60 to 34.57%. Therefore, rice sheath was also full of the intact photosynthetic apparatus similar to those in rice blade, and had capabilities of photosynthesis. The statistical analysis revealed that the physiological senescence of the photosynthetic apparatus in both the sheath and the blade of Liangyoupeijiu was significantly slower than those of the other varieties at the late stages. The profuse grain-filling stage was an inflexion point of the physiological senescence of the chloroplasts and the chlorophylls of both the blades and the sheaths.展开更多
Giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath is the second most common tumor of the hand often referred to as xanthoma. Histologically these tumors are composed of multinucleated giant cells, polyhedral histiocytes, fibrosis...Giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath is the second most common tumor of the hand often referred to as xanthoma. Histologically these tumors are composed of multinucleated giant cells, polyhedral histiocytes, fibrosis and hemosiderin deposits. Marginal excision of giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath is the treatment of choice. We present a case of xanthoma of flexor pollicis longus tendon presented as a single enlarging mass in volar aspect of left thumb. After clinical diagnosis, work-up is done with ultrasound, FNAC and excision biopsy.展开更多
This report describes a 61-year-old female with a giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath (GCT-TS). MRI showed that an elliptical abnormal signal was observed over the infrapatellar region of the right knee. We directly...This report describes a 61-year-old female with a giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath (GCT-TS). MRI showed that an elliptical abnormal signal was observed over the infrapatellar region of the right knee. We directly do arthroscopy to remove the tumor. An oval irregular mass of about 2.0 cm × 1.5 cm × 1 cm in the right knee joint was found. It was hard and had a dark red surface and the pedicle of the mass was connected with the joint capsule and infrapatellar fat pad. Nodular GCT-TS occurs less frequently in large joints than the small joints of the fingers and toes. The current report demonstrates the unique characteristics of the GCT-TS that extends around the ankle and invades the knee and proximal humerus.展开更多
Human umbilical mesenchymal stem cells from Wharton＇s jelly of the umbilical cord were induced to differentiate into oligodendrocyte precursor-like cells in vitro. Oligodendrocyte precursor cells were transplanted in...Human umbilical mesenchymal stem cells from Wharton＇s jelly of the umbilical cord were induced to differentiate into oligodendrocyte precursor-like cells in vitro. Oligodendrocyte precursor cells were transplanted into contused rat spinal cords. Immunofluorescence double staining indicated that transplanted cells survived in injured spinal cord, and differentiated into mature and immature oligodendrocyte precursor cells. Biotinylated dextran amine tracing results showed that cell transplantation promoted a higher density of the corticospinal tract in the central and caudal parts of the injured spinal cord. Luxol fast blue and toluidine blue staining showed that the volume of residual myelin was significantly increased at 1 and 2 mm rostral and caudal to the lesion epicenter after cell transplantation. Furthermore, immunofluorescence staining verified that the newly regenerated myelin sheath was derived from the central nervous system. Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan testing showed an evident behavioral recovery. These results suggest that human umbilical mesenchymal stem cell-derived oligodendrocyte precursor cells promote the regeneration of spinal axons and myelin sheaths.展开更多
As of today, the functions of fusoid cell, and the transport and loading pathways of photoassimilate in bamboo leaves are still not clear. In this paper, the leaves of Fargesia yunnanensis from a greenhouse and the wi...As of today, the functions of fusoid cell, and the transport and loading pathways of photoassimilate in bamboo leaves are still not clear. In this paper, the leaves of Fargesia yunnanensis from a greenhouse and the wild were respectively used as samples to analyze the anatom- ical characteristics of fusoid cells and vascular bundles. The results showed that the bamboo leaves from green- house got shorter and thinner with fewer layers of palisade parenchyma cells than those from the wild. The volumes of fusoid ceils were also increased. Fusoid cells originated from a huge parenchyma cell as testified by the observed nuclei. Several fusoid cells usually formed one cell com- plex close to the midrib. Crystals were detected in fusoid cells but no pits or plasmodesmata on their walls, sug- gesting that fusoid cells had the function of regulating water. The presence of fusoid cells determined the major difference between a leaf blade and sheath. There were prominent chloroplasts with simple stroma lamellae in the parenchymatous bundle sheath cells and starch grains were also observed in these chloroplast. Photoassimilates could be transported across vascular bundle sheath via symplas- mic pathways for an abundant of plasmodesmata in sheath cell walls, and transported into phloem tube by apoplastic pathway as there were no pits in the walls of companion cells and phloem tubes.展开更多
BACKGROUND Dermal papillae(DP)and outer root sheath(ORS)cells play important roles in hair growth and regeneration by regulating the activity of hair follicle(HF)cells.AIM To investigate the effects of human mesenchym...BACKGROUND Dermal papillae(DP)and outer root sheath(ORS)cells play important roles in hair growth and regeneration by regulating the activity of hair follicle(HF)cells.AIM To investigate the effects of human mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles(hMSC-EVs)on DP and ORS cells as well as HFs.EVs are known to regulate various cellular functions.However,the effects of hMSC-EVs on hair growth,particularly on human-derived HF cells(DP and ORS cells),and the possible mechanisms underlying these effects are unknown.METHODS hMSC-EVs were isolated and characterized using transmission electron microscopy,nanoparticle tracking analysis,western blotting,and flow cytometry.The activation of DP and ORS cells was analyzed using cellular proliferation,migration,western blotting,and real-time polymerase chain reaction.HF growth was evaluated ex vivo using human HFs.RESULTS Wnt3a is present in a class of hMSC-EVs and associated with the EV membrane.hMSC-EVs promote the proliferation of DP and ORS cells.Moreover,they translocateβ-catenin into the nucleus of DP cells by increasing the expression ofβ-catenin target transcription factors(Axin2,EP2 and LEF1)in DP cells.Treatment with hMSC-EVs also promoted the migration of ORS cells and enhanced the expression of keratin(K)differentiation markers(K6,K16,K17,and K75)in ORS cells.Furthermore,treatment with hMSC-EVs increases hair shaft elongation in cultured human HFs.CONCLUSION These findings suggest that hMSC-EVs are potential candidates for further preclinical and clinical studies on hair loss treatment.展开更多
A two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation is used to study the time-dependent evolution of the sheath surrounding a prolate spheroid target during a high voltage pulse in plasma source ion implantation. Our study ...A two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation is used to study the time-dependent evolution of the sheath surrounding a prolate spheroid target during a high voltage pulse in plasma source ion implantation. Our study shows that the potential contour lines pack more closely in the plasma sheath near the vertex of the major axis, i.e. where a thinner sheath is formed, and a non-uniform total ion dose distribution is incident along the surface of the prolate spheroid target due to the focusing of ions by the potential structure. Ion focusing takes place not only at the vertex of the major axis, where dense potential contour lines exist, but also at the vertex of the minor axis, where sparse contour lines exist. This results in two peaks of the received ion dose, locating at the vertices of the major and minor axes of the prolate spheroid target, and an ion dose valley, staying always between the vertices, rather than at the vertex of the minor axis.展开更多
文摘The Primacy question addressed in our study is: Is the difterntial expression of rbcL gene in mesophyll cells and in bundle sheath cells related to the sequence of the gene per se?An enzymatic approach was fist established to separate the two groups of cells. Microscopic examination revealed satisfactory separation effect: minimal mutual contamination was found so that no mistake might be introduced into biochemical or molecular biological expeitments using such preparations. CpDNA were isolated from mesophyll cells and from bundle sheath cells and coding region of rbcL gene was obtained from each by PCR ampilfication.Cloning and sequencing were then done on them.Compartive analysis , however, revealed identical sequence, with a length of 1,368 bp, encoding 456 amino acids. Since sequences of the non-coding regions of rbcL gene in masephyll sad bundle sheath have not been obtained, it can not yet be concluded that the differential expression is not related to the sequence itself. Nevertheless,It sesems justifiable to infer that whatever difference there may be between the sequences of rbcL gene in two groups of cells can only be found in the non-coding regions(including promoter and the 3' down stream region).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30670790)the Project of Science & Technology Department of Hunan Province, China (2007FJ4139)
文摘The photosynthesis of rice sheath plays a significant role to furnish rice yield, and it is accounted for 10 to 20% of the final yield. But, limited studies have been done to address this phenomenon and to characterize the mesophyllous cells of rice sheath and how it may attribute to the rice yield. In this paper, super hybrid rice Liangyoupeijiu, its parents Wumang 9311 and Peiai 64S, and hybrid rice Shanyou 63 were studied as the experimental materials, and the characteristics of the mesophyllous cells of rice sheaths were examined by microscopic and super-microscopic observation as well as chlorophyll absorption spectrums. The results showed that rice sheath was rich in the intact mesophyllous cells full of chloroplasts, grana and thylakoids, which were much the same as those of rice blade. The absorption spectrum curves of the Chl. a and b of the sheaths were similar to those of the blades. The stomatal density in the outer epidermises of the sheaths was comparable to those in the up- and down-epidermises of the blades. The significant tests proved that the amount of chloroplast per mesophyllous cell of the sheaths was almost the same as those of the blades, and the mesophyllous cells in the sheaths were also rich in chlorophylls. The chlorophyll content of rice sheath reached about 50% of the chlorophyll content of rice blade, and the P, of the sheath/the blade ranged from 13.60 to 34.57%. Therefore, rice sheath was also full of the intact photosynthetic apparatus similar to those in rice blade, and had capabilities of photosynthesis. The statistical analysis revealed that the physiological senescence of the photosynthetic apparatus in both the sheath and the blade of Liangyoupeijiu was significantly slower than those of the other varieties at the late stages. The profuse grain-filling stage was an inflexion point of the physiological senescence of the chloroplasts and the chlorophylls of both the blades and the sheaths.
文摘Giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath is the second most common tumor of the hand often referred to as xanthoma. Histologically these tumors are composed of multinucleated giant cells, polyhedral histiocytes, fibrosis and hemosiderin deposits. Marginal excision of giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath is the treatment of choice. We present a case of xanthoma of flexor pollicis longus tendon presented as a single enlarging mass in volar aspect of left thumb. After clinical diagnosis, work-up is done with ultrasound, FNAC and excision biopsy.
文摘This report describes a 61-year-old female with a giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath (GCT-TS). MRI showed that an elliptical abnormal signal was observed over the infrapatellar region of the right knee. We directly do arthroscopy to remove the tumor. An oval irregular mass of about 2.0 cm × 1.5 cm × 1 cm in the right knee joint was found. It was hard and had a dark red surface and the pedicle of the mass was connected with the joint capsule and infrapatellar fat pad. Nodular GCT-TS occurs less frequently in large joints than the small joints of the fingers and toes. The current report demonstrates the unique characteristics of the GCT-TS that extends around the ankle and invades the knee and proximal humerus.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81100916, 30400464,81271316the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China,No. 201104901907
文摘Human umbilical mesenchymal stem cells from Wharton＇s jelly of the umbilical cord were induced to differentiate into oligodendrocyte precursor-like cells in vitro. Oligodendrocyte precursor cells were transplanted into contused rat spinal cords. Immunofluorescence double staining indicated that transplanted cells survived in injured spinal cord, and differentiated into mature and immature oligodendrocyte precursor cells. Biotinylated dextran amine tracing results showed that cell transplantation promoted a higher density of the corticospinal tract in the central and caudal parts of the injured spinal cord. Luxol fast blue and toluidine blue staining showed that the volume of residual myelin was significantly increased at 1 and 2 mm rostral and caudal to the lesion epicenter after cell transplantation. Furthermore, immunofluorescence staining verified that the newly regenerated myelin sheath was derived from the central nervous system. Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan testing showed an evident behavioral recovery. These results suggest that human umbilical mesenchymal stem cell-derived oligodendrocyte precursor cells promote the regeneration of spinal axons and myelin sheaths.
基金funded by the national ‘‘Twelfth Five-Year’’ scientific and technological support plan subject(2012BAD23B05)the National Natural Science Fund of China(31560196)
文摘As of today, the functions of fusoid cell, and the transport and loading pathways of photoassimilate in bamboo leaves are still not clear. In this paper, the leaves of Fargesia yunnanensis from a greenhouse and the wild were respectively used as samples to analyze the anatom- ical characteristics of fusoid cells and vascular bundles. The results showed that the bamboo leaves from green- house got shorter and thinner with fewer layers of palisade parenchyma cells than those from the wild. The volumes of fusoid ceils were also increased. Fusoid cells originated from a huge parenchyma cell as testified by the observed nuclei. Several fusoid cells usually formed one cell com- plex close to the midrib. Crystals were detected in fusoid cells but no pits or plasmodesmata on their walls, sug- gesting that fusoid cells had the function of regulating water. The presence of fusoid cells determined the major difference between a leaf blade and sheath. There were prominent chloroplasts with simple stroma lamellae in the parenchymatous bundle sheath cells and starch grains were also observed in these chloroplast. Photoassimilates could be transported across vascular bundle sheath via symplas- mic pathways for an abundant of plasmodesmata in sheath cell walls, and transported into phloem tube by apoplastic pathway as there were no pits in the walls of companion cells and phloem tubes.
基金Supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF), Funded by the Ministry of Education, No. NRF-2019R1I1A1A01061296 and No. NRF-2021R1I1A1A01040732Korea Health Technology R & D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute, Funded By the Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea, No. HI15C0001
文摘BACKGROUND Dermal papillae(DP)and outer root sheath(ORS)cells play important roles in hair growth and regeneration by regulating the activity of hair follicle(HF)cells.AIM To investigate the effects of human mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles(hMSC-EVs)on DP and ORS cells as well as HFs.EVs are known to regulate various cellular functions.However,the effects of hMSC-EVs on hair growth,particularly on human-derived HF cells(DP and ORS cells),and the possible mechanisms underlying these effects are unknown.METHODS hMSC-EVs were isolated and characterized using transmission electron microscopy,nanoparticle tracking analysis,western blotting,and flow cytometry.The activation of DP and ORS cells was analyzed using cellular proliferation,migration,western blotting,and real-time polymerase chain reaction.HF growth was evaluated ex vivo using human HFs.RESULTS Wnt3a is present in a class of hMSC-EVs and associated with the EV membrane.hMSC-EVs promote the proliferation of DP and ORS cells.Moreover,they translocateβ-catenin into the nucleus of DP cells by increasing the expression ofβ-catenin target transcription factors(Axin2,EP2 and LEF1)in DP cells.Treatment with hMSC-EVs also promoted the migration of ORS cells and enhanced the expression of keratin(K)differentiation markers(K6,K16,K17,and K75)in ORS cells.Furthermore,treatment with hMSC-EVs increases hair shaft elongation in cultured human HFs.CONCLUSION These findings suggest that hMSC-EVs are potential candidates for further preclinical and clinical studies on hair loss treatment.
基金Project supported by the Program for Innovative Research Team of High Education in Liaoning Province,China (Grant No.2009T055)
文摘A two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation is used to study the time-dependent evolution of the sheath surrounding a prolate spheroid target during a high voltage pulse in plasma source ion implantation. Our study shows that the potential contour lines pack more closely in the plasma sheath near the vertex of the major axis, i.e. where a thinner sheath is formed, and a non-uniform total ion dose distribution is incident along the surface of the prolate spheroid target due to the focusing of ions by the potential structure. Ion focusing takes place not only at the vertex of the major axis, where dense potential contour lines exist, but also at the vertex of the minor axis, where sparse contour lines exist. This results in two peaks of the received ion dose, locating at the vertices of the major and minor axes of the prolate spheroid target, and an ion dose valley, staying always between the vertices, rather than at the vertex of the minor axis.
