Mass customization is the new frontier in business competition for both manufacturing and service industries. Fundamental changes in markets have occurred in the past 20 years. What were once sellers＇ markets have be...Mass customization is the new frontier in business competition for both manufacturing and service industries. Fundamental changes in markets have occurred in the past 20 years. What were once sellers＇ markets have become buyers＇ markets, The demand became unstable and hard to predict. Homogeneous markets became heterogeneous, which meant a necessity to produce specific products for smaller groups of buyers who demand higher-quality goods that more closely match their individual desires. The author believes that social and economic changes will eventually lead to essential modification of home design. Interior items will become more functional and able to keep up with the personal rhyme of life. This research has shown that requirements both to style and function became very specific and individual. The author believes that future furniture will become rather transforming system than a number of furniture pieces.展开更多
Although the importance to global oceanography of ice shelf-oceaaa interactions has been recognized for many years, only more recently has its role in the control of ice flow- from the interior, grounded ice sheet int...Although the importance to global oceanography of ice shelf-oceaaa interactions has been recognized for many years, only more recently has its role in the control of ice flow- from the interior, grounded ice sheet into the ocean been more clearly understood. The consequences for global sea level of increasing ice loss from the Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets has prompted rapidly growing research efforts in this area. Here we describe the different techniques commonly employed in the field study of ice shelf-ocean interactions. We focus on techniques used by the British Antarctic Survey, primarily on Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf, and describe some recent results from instruments deployed both beneath the ice shelf and on its upper surface, which demonstrate variability at a broad range of time scales.展开更多
Knowledge of the crustal structure is the key for understanding physical and chemical conditions of its formation and later modification by geodynamic processes.It has long been recognized that crustal structure is co...Knowledge of the crustal structure is the key for understanding physical and chemical conditions of its formation and later modification by geodynamic processes.It has long been recognized that crustal structure is controlled by tectonic settings,and that the crustal thickness is one of the most important parameters that reflects the geodynamic origin of the crust.A long tectonic life of continental crust leads to its significant reworking by plate tectonics processes and crust-mantle interaction,which include mechanical extension.展开更多
Duration:July 16,2016 to August 31,2016Location:ShanghART Gallery Main&H Space,BIdg16,18 Moganshan Road,ShanghaiGroup exhibition The uncertain,or the shelved...will be showcased in ShanghART Gallery both Main and ...Duration:July 16,2016 to August 31,2016Location:ShanghART Gallery Main&H Space,BIdg16,18 Moganshan Road,ShanghaiGroup exhibition The uncertain,or the shelved...will be showcased in ShanghART Gallery both Main and H Space on July 16th.The diversified perspectives have been finalised after sourcing through numerous artists’展开更多
This work is devoted to the aeronautical application of topology optimization for modular structures with multiple assemblies that consist of repeated standard modules and optional reinforcements.These kinds of struct...This work is devoted to the aeronautical application of topology optimization for modular structures with multiple assemblies that consist of repeated standard modules and optional reinforcements.These kinds of structures are widely used owing to their transportability,reconfigurability,low manufacturing and service costs.In this work,the design of airborne shelves with modular structures characterized by the standard module configuration is formulated for the first time as a topology optimization problem of multiple assemblies and multiple load cases subjected to the volume constraint.It is shown that the weighted compliance design of multiple assemblies is a compromising solution compared to the optimization result of each individual assembly of standard modules.Meanwhile,the performance of optimized airborne shelves with the modular structures can effectively be ameliorated with the help of reinforcements.展开更多
The Ross,Filchner-Ronne,and Amery ice shelves are the three largest ice shelves in Antarctica,playing a crucial role in supporting the Antarctic ice sheet.However,current studies on the stability of the three largest ...The Ross,Filchner-Ronne,and Amery ice shelves are the three largest ice shelves in Antarctica,playing a crucial role in supporting the Antarctic ice sheet.However,current studies on the stability of the three largest ice shelves primarily focus on singular or limited factors,lacking a comprehensive assessment of multiple parameters.To systematically and in-depth study the stability and trend of the three largest ice shelves,we comprehensively collected and analyzed key parameters,including elevation changes,basal melting,surface meltwater,major rifts propagation rate,suture zones,ice front area change rate,grounding lines,ice velocity,and mass balance.Additionally,we selected the collapsed Larsen B Ice Shelf(LBIS),the rapidly changing and structurally weakened Pine Island Ice Shelf(PIIS),and the accelerating Totten Ice Shelf(TIS)as reference ice shelves.By comparing and analyzing the key parameters between these reference ice shelves and the three largest ice shelves,we find the status and trends in the stability of the latter.Our findings reveal that most key parameters of the three largest ice shelves present relatively minor variations compared to those of the reference ice shelves.Specifically,50%of the parameters are smaller than those of the accelerating TIS,88%are smaller than those of the rapidly changing PIIS,and all parameters are smaller than those of the collapsed LBIS.Furthermore,after analyzing parameters that are not smaller than those of the TIS,it is observed that they remain in a stable state.Hence,the three largest ice shelves are currently undergoing natural changes that do not threaten their stability in the short term.Nevertheless,the evolution of the ice shelves under global climate change remains uncertain,making long-term observation and monitoring essential to assess their impact on sea level rise.展开更多
Ice shelf breakups account for most mass loss from the Antarctic Ice Sheet as the consequence of the propagation of crevasses(or rift)in response to stress.Thus there is a pressing need for detecting crevasses’locati...Ice shelf breakups account for most mass loss from the Antarctic Ice Sheet as the consequence of the propagation of crevasses(or rift)in response to stress.Thus there is a pressing need for detecting crevasses’location and depth,to understand the mechanism of calving processes.This paper presents a method of crevasse detection using the ICESat-1/GLAS data.A case study was taken at the Amery Ice Shelf of Antarctica to verify the accuracy of geo-location and depth of crevasses detected.Moreover,based on the limited crevasse points,we developed a method to detect the peak stress points which can be used to track the location of the crack tips and to identify the possible high-risk area where an ice shelf begins to break up.The spatial and temporal distribution of crevasse depth and the spatial distribution of peak stress points of the Amery Ice Shelf were analyzed through 132 tracks in 16 campaign periods of ICESat-1/GLAS between 2003 and 2008.The results showed that the depth of the detected crevasse points ranged from 2 to 31.7 m,which were above the sea level;the crevasse that advected downstream to the front edge of an ice shelf has little possibility to directly result in breakups because the crevasse depth did not show any increasing trend over time;the local stress concentration is distributed mainly in the suture zones on the ice shelves.展开更多
In this paper,we present the results of a comprehensive assessment and analysis of five major Antarctic grounding line(GL)products from remote sensing data.The systematic assessment of this large amount of GL data was...In this paper,we present the results of a comprehensive assessment and analysis of five major Antarctic grounding line(GL)products from remote sensing data.The systematic assessment of this large amount of GL data was performed using a new two-step framework and implementation strategy,in which 84.4%of the product data were processed effectively by using a set of developed assessment metrics,with the remaining 15.6%handled by a comprehensive manual processing procedure aided by additional multisource data.The radar GL product shows a high quality(inconsistency of 0.3%)and is recommended for use wherever available.Meanwhile,the optical image GL products show a lower quality(inconsistency of 3-12%)but offer complete coverage,particularly in areas of weak tides.The GL analysis based on the assessed products(1992–2009)showed that 9.5%of the entire Antarctic GL were retreating or advancing,classified as a dynamic state.At the basin scale,the highest retreat rate was−1544±51 m a^(-1) in Basin 22(including Pine Island Glacier)and the highest advancement rate was 304±16 m a^(-1) in Basin 14(including Mertz Glacier).The West Antarctic Ice Sheet(WAIS)and the East Antarctic Ice Sheet(EAIS)showed the average GL change rates of−370±8 m a^(-1) and 5±7 m a^(-1),respectively,indicating that there was a clear trend of GL retreat in WAIS and a balanced to slightly advanced GL state in EAIS(except for the region around Totten).展开更多
In the weltering heat and thirst of summer,people who sought to chill with the many seasonal fruits available have received an-other shock.The luscious varieties available on supermarket shelves no longer have the sam...In the weltering heat and thirst of summer,people who sought to chill with the many seasonal fruits available have received an-other shock.The luscious varieties available on supermarket shelves no longer have the same beautiful prices seen last year.展开更多
文摘Mass customization is the new frontier in business competition for both manufacturing and service industries. Fundamental changes in markets have occurred in the past 20 years. What were once sellers＇ markets have become buyers＇ markets, The demand became unstable and hard to predict. Homogeneous markets became heterogeneous, which meant a necessity to produce specific products for smaller groups of buyers who demand higher-quality goods that more closely match their individual desires. The author believes that social and economic changes will eventually lead to essential modification of home design. Interior items will become more functional and able to keep up with the personal rhyme of life. This research has shown that requirements both to style and function became very specific and individual. The author believes that future furniture will become rather transforming system than a number of furniture pieces.
文摘Although the importance to global oceanography of ice shelf-oceaaa interactions has been recognized for many years, only more recently has its role in the control of ice flow- from the interior, grounded ice sheet into the ocean been more clearly understood. The consequences for global sea level of increasing ice loss from the Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets has prompted rapidly growing research efforts in this area. Here we describe the different techniques commonly employed in the field study of ice shelf-ocean interactions. We focus on techniques used by the British Antarctic Survey, primarily on Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf, and describe some recent results from instruments deployed both beneath the ice shelf and on its upper surface, which demonstrate variability at a broad range of time scales.
文摘Knowledge of the crustal structure is the key for understanding physical and chemical conditions of its formation and later modification by geodynamic processes.It has long been recognized that crustal structure is controlled by tectonic settings,and that the crustal thickness is one of the most important parameters that reflects the geodynamic origin of the crust.A long tectonic life of continental crust leads to its significant reworking by plate tectonics processes and crust-mantle interaction,which include mechanical extension.
文摘Duration:July 16,2016 to August 31,2016Location:ShanghART Gallery Main&H Space,BIdg16,18 Moganshan Road,ShanghaiGroup exhibition The uncertain,or the shelved...will be showcased in ShanghART Gallery both Main and H Space on July 16th.The diversified perspectives have been finalised after sourcing through numerous artists’
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 12032018 and 12172294)。
文摘This work is devoted to the aeronautical application of topology optimization for modular structures with multiple assemblies that consist of repeated standard modules and optional reinforcements.These kinds of structures are widely used owing to their transportability,reconfigurability,low manufacturing and service costs.In this work,the design of airborne shelves with modular structures characterized by the standard module configuration is formulated for the first time as a topology optimization problem of multiple assemblies and multiple load cases subjected to the volume constraint.It is shown that the weighted compliance design of multiple assemblies is a compromising solution compared to the optimization result of each individual assembly of standard modules.Meanwhile,the performance of optimized airborne shelves with the modular structures can effectively be ameliorated with the help of reinforcements.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41730102)the National Key Research and Development Program(Grant Nos.2021YFB3900105&2017YFA0603100)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities。
文摘The Ross,Filchner-Ronne,and Amery ice shelves are the three largest ice shelves in Antarctica,playing a crucial role in supporting the Antarctic ice sheet.However,current studies on the stability of the three largest ice shelves primarily focus on singular or limited factors,lacking a comprehensive assessment of multiple parameters.To systematically and in-depth study the stability and trend of the three largest ice shelves,we comprehensively collected and analyzed key parameters,including elevation changes,basal melting,surface meltwater,major rifts propagation rate,suture zones,ice front area change rate,grounding lines,ice velocity,and mass balance.Additionally,we selected the collapsed Larsen B Ice Shelf(LBIS),the rapidly changing and structurally weakened Pine Island Ice Shelf(PIIS),and the accelerating Totten Ice Shelf(TIS)as reference ice shelves.By comparing and analyzing the key parameters between these reference ice shelves and the three largest ice shelves,we find the status and trends in the stability of the latter.Our findings reveal that most key parameters of the three largest ice shelves present relatively minor variations compared to those of the reference ice shelves.Specifically,50%of the parameters are smaller than those of the accelerating TIS,88%are smaller than those of the rapidly changing PIIS,and all parameters are smaller than those of the collapsed LBIS.Furthermore,after analyzing parameters that are not smaller than those of the TIS,it is observed that they remain in a stable state.Hence,the three largest ice shelves are currently undergoing natural changes that do not threaten their stability in the short term.Nevertheless,the evolution of the ice shelves under global climate change remains uncertain,making long-term observation and monitoring essential to assess their impact on sea level rise.
基金supported by the Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration,Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.105560GK)National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2012CB957704)+1 种基金National High-tech R&D Program of China(Grant Nos.2008AA121702 and 2008AA09Z117)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41176163 and 41106157)
文摘Ice shelf breakups account for most mass loss from the Antarctic Ice Sheet as the consequence of the propagation of crevasses(or rift)in response to stress.Thus there is a pressing need for detecting crevasses’location and depth,to understand the mechanism of calving processes.This paper presents a method of crevasse detection using the ICESat-1/GLAS data.A case study was taken at the Amery Ice Shelf of Antarctica to verify the accuracy of geo-location and depth of crevasses detected.Moreover,based on the limited crevasse points,we developed a method to detect the peak stress points which can be used to track the location of the crack tips and to identify the possible high-risk area where an ice shelf begins to break up.The spatial and temporal distribution of crevasse depth and the spatial distribution of peak stress points of the Amery Ice Shelf were analyzed through 132 tracks in 16 campaign periods of ICESat-1/GLAS between 2003 and 2008.The results showed that the depth of the detected crevasse points ranged from 2 to 31.7 m,which were above the sea level;the crevasse that advected downstream to the front edge of an ice shelf has little possibility to directly result in breakups because the crevasse depth did not show any increasing trend over time;the local stress concentration is distributed mainly in the suture zones on the ice shelves.
基金supported by the State Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2017YFA0603100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41822106,41571407,41631178&41730102)+1 种基金the Shanghai Shuguang Program(Grant No.18SG22)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘In this paper,we present the results of a comprehensive assessment and analysis of five major Antarctic grounding line(GL)products from remote sensing data.The systematic assessment of this large amount of GL data was performed using a new two-step framework and implementation strategy,in which 84.4%of the product data were processed effectively by using a set of developed assessment metrics,with the remaining 15.6%handled by a comprehensive manual processing procedure aided by additional multisource data.The radar GL product shows a high quality(inconsistency of 0.3%)and is recommended for use wherever available.Meanwhile,the optical image GL products show a lower quality(inconsistency of 3-12%)but offer complete coverage,particularly in areas of weak tides.The GL analysis based on the assessed products(1992–2009)showed that 9.5%of the entire Antarctic GL were retreating or advancing,classified as a dynamic state.At the basin scale,the highest retreat rate was−1544±51 m a^(-1) in Basin 22(including Pine Island Glacier)and the highest advancement rate was 304±16 m a^(-1) in Basin 14(including Mertz Glacier).The West Antarctic Ice Sheet(WAIS)and the East Antarctic Ice Sheet(EAIS)showed the average GL change rates of−370±8 m a^(-1) and 5±7 m a^(-1),respectively,indicating that there was a clear trend of GL retreat in WAIS and a balanced to slightly advanced GL state in EAIS(except for the region around Totten).
文摘In the weltering heat and thirst of summer,people who sought to chill with the many seasonal fruits available have received an-other shock.The luscious varieties available on supermarket shelves no longer have the same beautiful prices seen last year.
