Precipitation Chemistry and Corresponding Transport Patterns of Influencing Air Masses at Huangshan Mountain in East China

One hundred and ten samples of rainwater were collected for chemical analysis at the summit of Huangshan Mountain, a high-altitude site in East China, from July 2010 to June 2011. The volume-weighted-mean （VWM） pH for the whole sampling period was 5.03. SO2- and Ca2＋ were the most abundant anion and cation, respectively. The ionic concentrations varied monthly with the highest concentrations in winter/spring and the lowest in summer. Evident inter-correlations were found among most ions, indicating the common sources for some species and fully mixing characteristics of the alpine precipitation chemistry. The VWM ratio of [SO]-]/[NO3] was 2.54, suggesting the acidity of rainwater comes from both nitric and sulfuric acids. Compared with contemporary observations at other alpine continental sites in China, the precipitation at Huangshan Mountain was the least polluted, with the lowest ionic concentrations. Trajectories to Huangshan Mountain on rainy days could be classified into six groups. The rainwater with influencing air masses originating in Mongolia was the most polluted with limited effect. The emissions of Jiangxi, Anhui, Zhejiang and Jiangsu provinces had a strong influence on the overall rain chemistry at Huangshan Mountain. The rainwater with influencing air masses from Inner Mongolia was heavily polluted by anthropogenic pollutants.

Petrology and Geochemistry of the Huangshan Granitic Intrusion in Anhui Province,Southeast China:Implications for Petrogenesis and Geodynamics

The Huangshan granitic intrusion in Anhui province,SE China,is tectonically located at the southeastern boundary of the Yangtze Block.Based on the contact relation and the petrography,the Huangshan granitic intrusion can be divided into four stages,from early to late,medium-grained monzogranite,coarse-grained porphyric granite,fine-medium grained porphyric granite,and finecoarse grained granite.All rocks from the Huangshan granitic intrusion display similar petrological and geochemical characteristics,i.e.relatively high SiO_2（〉75%） and alkali（7.85%-8.59%）,low CaO （〈1%）,high Fe-number（FeO_T/（MgO＋FeO_T） = 0.93-0.97） and A/CNK（atomic Al/（Ca＋Na＋K））=1.04- 1.19.They are also enriched in rare earth elements（REE,except for Eu,with a total REE contents ranging from 116 ppm to 421 ppm）,high strength field elements such as Zr,Hf,Nb,but depleted in Ba,Sr and Ni.The 10 000×Ga/Al ratios are higher than 2.6,which are consistent with the A-type granitoids.Based on the classification diagrams proposed by Eby,the Huangshan granite can be classified into the A2 group,which is usually believed to be formed under an extensional tectonic setting.Their Nd isotopic compositions suggest that the primary magmas of the Huangshan granite are predominantly derived from the Proterozoic andesitic rocks in the region,and this conclusion is also supported by REE modeling.The systemic investigations on the geochemistry of the Huangshan granitic intrusion can provide significant implications for the understanding of the petrogenesis and the geodynamic regime of southeastern China during the Late-Mesozoic.

Huangshan population of Chinese Zacco platypus （Teleostei, Cyprinidae） harbors diverse matrilines and high genetic diversity

Six main mitochondrial DNA （mtDNA） lineages have been described in minnow （Zacco platypus） samples obtained from northern, western and southern China Perdices et al. （2004） predicted that further sampling of other tributaries might discover more lineages of this species. In this study, we collected 26 Zacco platypus individuals in the Huangshan area of eastern China and determined the cytochrome b （cytb） sequence variations. Combined with reported data in GenBank, we identified ten matrilines （Zacco A-J） in a total of 169 samples, with relatively high molecular divergence found among them. The Huangshan population had the greatest genetic variation among all sampled regions and hosted six of the ten matrilines. Our results highlight the significance of the Huangshan area for the conservation of Zacco platypus.

Ecological Risk Assessment of World Heritage Sites Using RS and GIS:A Case Study of Huangshan Mountain, China

Ecological risk assessment(ERA) is an indispensable method for systematic monitoring of World Heritage Sites(WHSs) exposed to various anthropogenic factors and natural disasters. Remote sensing(RS) and geographical information systems(GIS) can eliminate many limitations in traditional ERA methods. In this study, changes in ecological risk at Huangshan Mountain, the first mixed WHS in China, over the period of 1984–2019 were explored using remote sensing images and products by considering both natural disasters and human disturbance. Results show that of the four land cover types in Huangshan Mountain, namely water, forest, building and farmland, the main land cover type is forest. During the 35 yr, lands categorised at low or relatively low ecological risk levels are dominant in Huangshan Mountain, with the lowest and highest ERIs(ecological risk index) in 1990 and 2010, respectively. The areas at the five ecological risk levels have declined as follows: relatively low > low > medium > relatively high > high. Changes in ecological risks are closely related to changes in land cover and natural disasters. Even though major natural disasters may affect the ecological risk level in the whole region, changes in land cover caused by human activities will shift the ecological risk level in some areas. Our attempts can be modified and applied to other sites, and offer policy implications for protection and preservation of WHSs.

Research Progress and Direction of Huangshan Granite Formation and Evolution

Mt.Huangshan is a well-known scenic and historic interest area which is characterized by granite land-forms.Since the approval of membership to the Global Geopark Network,the management committee of Huangshan Scenic Area has carried out a series of study and international correlation research of Huangshan granite formation and evolution.Based on the field observation,sampling。

COMPARISON OF QUATERNARY DEPOSIT ENVIRONMENT AMONG LUSHAN,HUANGSHAN AND TIANMU MOUNTAINS

The data of Fe3+ /Fe2+ show that the lowest annual air temperature of the Lushan,Huangshan and Tianmu mountains was not below 0℃, therefore, glacier couldn’t develop in there regions. According to palaeomagnetic test combined with the phenomenon of reticulate pattern ground and lithologic identification, the authors elaborate that the “Poyang moraine” is mainly the fluvial sediments of the early period of the Middle Pleistocene. It was formed by transposition of the ancient Ganjiang River under the humid hot climate. For CM image, the Dajiaochang profile of the Lushan Mountain is very similar to periglacial and the debris flow deposits, but the profile of Jiangpochang and Yaoshaling have many kinds of geneses, i. e., debris flow, water debris flow and alluvial etc. In the south piedmont of the Huangshan Mountain, slope gravity and slope seasonal running water transportantion are mainly deposit factors. In the “glacial varve” of the Denglongqiao profile of the Tianmu Mountain, its CaO and Na2O content is lower than the nonglacial varve, the fact shows that it has the features of the violent leaching, weathering and nonglacial action.

Mountain evolution and environmental changes of Huangshan(Yellowmountain),China

Huangshan (Yellow Mountain) is located in southern part of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The highest Lotus Flower peak is 1864 m above sea level. Formative ages of the Huangshan and its granite,process of mountain geomorphic evolution from the Eocene to Quaternary,environmental changes of Quaternary, formative origin of beautiful peaks and fascinating rocks were studied and the questionable 'Pleistocene glaciation' was also discussed in this paper.

Preliminary Study on the Population Structure Characteristics of Symplocos in Xiaolingjiao Area of Huangshan Mountain

[Objectives] This study was conducted to understand the species diversity of plant communities in the Xiaolingjiao area of Anhui Province,and to analyze the current status of the plant resources of Symptocos.[Methods]Quadrats with a total area of 3 600 m^2 were set up in typical evergreen broad-leaved forests in the Xiaolingjiao area of Huangshan Mountain.[Results] There were 79 species of woody plants in the quadrats,belonging to 53 genera of 29 families.As seen from the age class structure,evergreen trees such as Castanopsis eyrei and Eurya nitida were growing populations,and Cyclobalanopsis glauca,Cunninghamia lanceolata,Pinus massoniana and Loropetalum chinense were declining populations.The age class structure of each species in Symplocos was of the growing type,and the various populations had not reached a stable state and would grow continuously.The communities had a tendency to develop to evergreen broad-leaved forests.[Conclusions]This study provides a scientific basis for the protection,development and utilization of Symplocos plants.

Endangered Wildlife Conservation Enhances Regional Economic Development: A Case Study of Tibetan Macaque (<i>Macaca thibetana</i>) and Fuxi Village in Mount Huangshan, China

The economic development of key biodiversity conservation areas and their conservation measures are underpinned by a mutually complementary and synergistic development model. Regional economic development depends on conservation awareness in biodiversity conservation areas. Moreover, the effectiveness of biodiversity conservation can be indicated by endangered wildlife conservation. This study investigated the current conservation of Huangshan Tibetan macaque (Macaca thibetana)—an endemic endangered species in the Mount Huangshan Scenic Area located in a biodiversity conservation hotspot in China, the conservation awareness of residents and visitors, and changes in local economic income through field survey. It provides inspiration and a characteristic demonstration to build a synergistic model of endangered wildlife conservation, biodiversity maintenance, and sustainable regional economic development.

Research of Mount Huangshan Historical Soundscape from Late Ming to Early Qing Dynasties

Soundscape is a word proposed by R.Murray Schafer.Based on his theory,the soundscape is not only a sound environment,but a thing as a significant,aesthetic and meaningful phenomenon.The appreciation of landscape beauty not only comes from the visual sense,but also comes from other senses,such as hearing,smell,touching and taste.Hence,the sounds and its related soundscape appreciation are considered as important aesthetic components in Chinese national parks.The historical sound was the sound which happen in the history of national parks and recorded in serial documents.The historical soundscape should not only be considered as soundmark which deserved to be conserved in national park because of its history values,but also should be recognized as its aesthetic and dynamic values in national park too.In fact,it is a common sense in Chinese landscape history that considering historical soundscape as an aesthetic component.

Development of innovation-driven green economy in Huangshan City, China

With the increasingly prominent problems of ecology, environment and resources in China, green economy development is becoming more and more urgent. Innovation has become the key driving force of economic development. Economic development of Huangshan City should take the road of "green development " and combine economic development with ecological protection. This paper designs the measurement index of innovation and green economic development, and makes an empirical analysis based on the data of innovation and green economic development in Huangshan City from 2005 to 2016. It is concluded that the index of innovation and green economic development in Huangshan City shows an increasing trend. Innovation has a positive role in promoting green economic development in Huangshan City. Therefore, Huangshan City should strengthen regional innovation management, create regional innovation environment, strengthen cooperation between industry, University and research, increase support for green innovation, promote technological innovation of recycling, and promote the construction of circular economy.

Huangshan Jinma Group Company

The Huangshan Jinma Group Company(HJGC) stands at the foot of MountHuangshan, a beautiful international tourismresort, with convenient air, railway, highwayand waterway communication. The company,based on the Huangshan Jinma Meter LimitedLiability Company, is composed of 27enterprises, including the Sino-foreign JointVenture Huangshan Jienasi Electronics Co.Ltd., Huangshan No. 2 Meter Factory andNo. 3 Factory, the Huangshan XinzhouMachinery Factory, the Sino-foreign JointVenture Huangshan Qingliangfeng MineralWater and Food Co. Ltd., Jinma Hotel andBenyue Trade Centre, with pluralisticownership and property rights. It is one

Huangshan Mountain

Listed as both a World Cultural and a Natural Heritage Sites in 1990Location： Huangshan City, Anhui Province, east ChinaBest time to visit： Anytime

PUSH-PULL FACTORS IN MOUNTAIN RESORTS——A Case Study of Huangshan Mountain as World Heritage

The push-pull framework provides a useful approach for examining the tourist motivation. This paper takes the world heritage-Huangshan Mountain as a sample. From the two different aspects of pull and push factors, the underlying features of visitors′ motives to Huangshan Mountain are analyzed with the help of factor analysis. As a result, five push factors and four pull factors are identified. Further analyses investigate differences in the push and pull factors among different socio-demographic subgroups with one-way ANOVA analysis. The result of the study affords us useful references for development, protection and marketing expansion of mountain resorts.

Le Parc national dumont Huangshan

Situe dans la province de I'An huia I'est dela Chine,le mont Huangshan est souvent loue comme la《plus sublime montagne de Chine》.Depuis la dynas tie des Tang(618-907),il tient une place preponderante dans I'histoire de I'art et de la littérature chinois.Une ancienne legende de 747 le pre sente comme le lieu ou fut trouve I'elixir d'immortalite.

发酵牡丹籽粕对黄山黑鸡生产性能、蛋品质、蛋黄中脂肪酸含量及血清生化指标的影响

本试验旨在研究发酵牡丹籽粕对黄山黑鸡生产性能、蛋品质、蛋黄中脂肪酸含量及血清生化指标的影响。选取240日龄产蛋率及体重相近的黄山黑鸡864只,随机分为3组,每组4个重复,每个重复72只。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加5%(5%FPSM组)和9%发酵牡丹籽粕(9%FPSM组)的试验饲粮。预试期1周,正试期8周。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,5%FPSM组的产蛋率显著升高(P<0.05),料蛋比和平均日采食量显著降低(P<0.05);9%FPSM组的产蛋率和平均日采食量极显著降低(P<0.01)。2)与对照组相比,9%FPSM组的蛋形指数显著升高(P<0.05),蛋壳颜色显著降低(P<0.05)。3)与对照组相比,5%FPSM组的蛋黄中ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量显著升高(P<0.05);9%FPSM组的蛋黄中总饱和脂肪酸(SFA)含量和ω-6/ω-3 PUFA显著或极显著降低(P<0.05或P<0.01),总PUFA和ω-3 PUFA含量显著或极显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01)。4)与对照组相比,5%FPSM组的血清甘油三酯(TG)、免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量和碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性及总抗氧化力(T-AOC)极显著升高(P<0.01),血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性和免疫球蛋白M(IgM)含量极显著降低(P<0.01);9%FPSM组的血清低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、TG、尿素氮(UN)、IgA、IgM含量和ALP活性及T-AOC显著或极显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01),血清高密度脂蛋白(HDL)和丙二醛(DMA)含量极显著降低(P<0.01)。由此可见,饲粮中添加5%的发酵牡丹籽粕可提高黄山黑鸡的生产性能;添加5%和9%的发酵牡丹籽粕可提高黄山黑鸡的蛋黄中ω-3 PUFA含量,提高机体抗氧化能力和免疫力。本试验条件下,黄山黑鸡饲粮中发酵牡丹籽粕的适宜添加比例为5%。

昆明产区烟叶质量现状及后备烤烟新品种筛选研究

为探索昆明产区烟叶质量现状和筛选符合“黄山”卷烟品牌需求的烤烟后备品种,2023年在昆明4个不同生态亚区8个乡镇布点,每个点以当地主栽品种红花大金元、MSK326或MS云烟87为对照,引进云烟121、YN223两个烤烟新品种进行同田对比试验,参照“黄山”品牌对原料的质量需求,对调制后的中部烟叶进行检测和评价.结果表明:1)在昆明产区,烟叶外观质量和感官质量主要受生态亚区的影响,而种植品种仅影响烟气风格的彰显程度.2)昆明产区烟叶外观质量、化学指标和感官质量总体较好,但存在糖高碱低、氮高碱低、钾含量偏低的不足,烟叶油分、色度、香气量、回甜感等方面有待提升.3)昆明产区可将云烟121作为“黄山”卷烟品牌的后备烤烟品种,进一步开展大田试验示范及工业可用性验证.综上所述,该研究初步筛选出符合“黄山”品牌的后备品种,探索出昆明产区烟叶质量现状及其质量改善的方向.

不同海拔梯度对黄山松林土壤磷组分的影响

分析不同海拔梯度对黄山松林土壤磷(P)组分的影响。将亚热带黄松山林作为研究的分析对象,选取海拔1300m和海拔1600m黄山松林,对比不同海拔梯度黄山松林淋溶层和淀积层的土壤基本理化性质和土壤磷组分情况。研究表明:土壤基本理化性质:海拔1300m黄山松林地淋溶层土壤温度、总氮(TN)、有机碳(SOC)、硝态氮(NO_(3)^(-))含量高于海拔1600m(P<0.05);海拔1300m黄山松林淀积层pH值、含水率(M)、铵态氮(NH_(4)^(+)-N)、TN、SOC、NO_(3)^(-)含量高于海拔1600m林地;土壤磷组分:除淋溶层土壤Resin-P外,海拔1300m林地淋溶层、淀积层易分解态磷(NaHCO_(3)-Pi、Na HCO_(3)-Po)、中等易分解态磷(NaOH-Pi、NaOH-Po)、难分解态磷(Residual-P)、总磷(TP)所占比例均高于海拔1600m林地(P<0.05)。亚热带地区黄山松林土壤基本理化性质及土壤磷组分受海拔影响比较大,为黄山松林地土壤磷调控提供一定依据。

Zircon U-Pb SHRIMP ages of the Taiping (calc-alkaline)-Huangshan (alkaline) composite intrusion:Constraints on Mesozoic lithospheric thinning of the southeastern Yangtze Craton,China

The Taiping-Huangshan composite intrusion is a unique complex with characteristics changing from calc-alkaline (Taiping intrusion) to alkaline (Huangshan intrusion). Huangshan intrusion samples show a spectacular tetrad effect in their REE distribution patterns as well as non-CHARAC (charge-and radius-controlled) trace element behavior, indicating a highly evolved late-stage magma component. This composite intrusion provides a rare opportunity to investigate the variance of tectonic setting and lithospheric thinning of the southeastern Yangtze Craton in late Mesozoic era. Zircon SHRIMP U-Pb analyses yield an emplacement age of 140.6±1.2 Ma for the Taiping intrusion, and ages of 127.7±1.3, 125.7±1.4, 125.1±1.5, and 125.2±5.5 Ma for four samples from the Huangshan intrusion respectively. The ages for four different phases of the Huangshan intrusion agree within their small analytical errors, indicating that the emplacement was in a short time. The Taiping and Huangshan intrusions are intimately associated, but there is about 15 Ma interval between their intrusion, and the magma characters change from calc-alkaline to alkaline without transition. This probably corresponds to lithospheric thinning of the southeastern Yangtze Craton. This event possibly happened from about 141 Ma (the emplacement age of the Taiping intrusion), to 128 Ma (start of emplacement of the Huangshan intrusion). The thinning mechanism is dominantly delamination.