PRDT(2,1)架构的NoC系统容错路由算法

链路和节点的故障会导致网络中许多节点无法相互通讯,因此容错性是NoC系统设计中的一个重要问题。基于一种新的NoC网络拓扑结构PRDT(2,1),提出一种PRDT(2,1)容错路由算法以及相应的节点失效算法。节点失效算法通过使较少数量的无故障节点失效来构造矩形故障区域,PRDT(2,1)容错路由算法仅使用了最小数量的虚拟通道并提供足够的自适应性以实现无死锁容错路由。只要故障区域没有断开网络,这一算法能够保证路由的连通性。算法在不同故障率的PRDT(2,1)网络中仿真,结果显示这一算法具有良好的平滑降级使用特性。

A NEURAL-BASED NONLINEAR L_1-NORM OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHM FOR DIAGNOSIS OF NETWORKS*

Based on exact penalty function, a new neural network for solving the L1-norm optimization problem is proposed. In comparison with Kennedy and Chua’s network(1988), it has better properties.Based on Bandler’s fault location method(1982), a new nonlinearly constrained L1-norm problem is developed. It can be solved with less computing time through only one optimization processing. The proposed neural network can be used to solve the analog diagnosis L1 problem. The validity of the proposed neural networks and the fault location L1 method are illustrated by extensive computer simulations.

Fault diagnosis for t/(t+1)-diagnosable system based on the PMC model

In this paper, a t/(t+1)-diagnosable system is studied, which can locate a set S with |S|≤t+1 containing all faulty units only if the system has at most t faulty units. On the basis of the characterization of the t/(t+1)-diagnosable system, a necessary and sufficient condition is presented to judge whether a system is t/(t+1)-diagnosable. Meanwhile, this paper exposes some new and important properties of the t/(t+1)-diagnosable system to present the t/(t+1)-diagnosability of some networks. Furthermore, the following results for the t/(t+1)-diagnosability of some special networks are obtained: a hypercube network of n -dimensions is (3n-5)/(3n-4)-diagnosable, a star network of n -dimensions is (3n-5)/(3n-4)-diagnosable (n≥5) and a 2D-mesh (3D-mesh) with n 2(n 3) units is 8/9-diagnosable (11/12-diagnosable). This paper shows that in general, the t/(t+1)-diagnosability of a system is not only larger than its t/t -diagnosability , but also its classic diagnosability, specially the t/(t+1)-diagnosability of the hypercube network of n -dimensions is about 3 times as large as its classic t -diagnosability and about 1.5 times as large as its t/t -diagnosability.

The Application of Coupled Three Order Cumulants’ Differential Feature in Fault Diagnosis

Complex three-order cumulant has different definition forms. Different forms conclude different information. For studying the effection of frequency in the coupled signals to fault diagnosis, the differential method to the three order cumulants of coupled signals is adopted. By using the differential of complex three order cumulants before and after respectively, then their ?dimensional spectrum is calculated, and the results are used to fault diagnosis. The experimental results show that, the increase frequency item in three order cumulants after differentiated impacts on the results of fault diagnosis and the degree of effection is relative to the differential times. And the correct rate of fault diagnosis can be raised by changing the differential times of three order cumulants.

The Application of Three Order Cumulants Coupling Features in Fault Diagnosis

Although mechanical vibration is extremely complicated, each fault signal produced by it has its own inherent features, The distinction may be most prominent between the certain components hidden in those features and the same components of normal signals. Three-order cumulant can reduce the Gaussian background noise automatically and its complex formal includes different coupling information of its signal. In the experiment, through these different coupling modes, the same coupling components are fetched from specific fault signal and normal signal, then these components are used to diagnose that certain fault. The results show that the method can fetch the most prominent distinction between normal signal and the specific fault signal, so the specific fault diagnosis by this method is satisfactory.

North slope transition zone of Songnan-Baodao sag in Qiongdongnan Basin and its control on medium and large gas fields,South China Sea

Based on analysis of newly collected 3D seismic and drilled well data,the geological structure and fault system of Baodao sag have been systematically examined to figure out characteristics of the transition fault terrace belt and its control on the formation of natural gas reservoirs.The research results show that the Baodao sag has the northern fault terrace belt,central depression belt and southern slope belt developed,among them,the northern fault terrace belt consists of multiple transition fault terrace belts such as Baodao B,A and C from west to east which control the source rocks,traps,reservoirs,oil and gas migration and hydrocarbon enrichment in the Baodao sag.The activity of the main fault of the transition belt in the sedimentary period of Yacheng Formation in the Early Oligocene controlled the hydrocarbon generation kitchen and hydrocarbon generation potential.From west to east,getting closer to the provenance,the transition belt increased in activity strength,thickness of source rock and scale of delta,and had multiple hydrocarbon generation depressions developed.The main fault had local compression under the background of tension and torsion,giving rise to composite traps under the background of large nose structure,and the Baodao A and Baodao C traps to the east are larger than Baodao B trap.Multiple fault terraces controlled the material source input from the uplift area to form large delta sand bodies,and the synthetic transition belt of the west and middle sections and the gentle slope of the east section of the F12 fault in the Baodao A transition belt controlled the input of two major material sources,giving rise to a number of delta lobes in the west and east branches.The large structural ridge formed under the control of the main fault close to the hydrocarbon generation center allows efficient migration and accumulation of oil and gas.The combination mode and active time of the main faults matched well with the natural gas charging period,resulting in the hydrocarbon gas enrichment.Baodao A transition belt is adjacent to Baodao 27,25 and 21 lows,where large braided river delta deposits supplied by Shenhu uplift provenance develop,and it is characterized by large structural ridges allowing high efficient hydrocarbon accumulation,parallel combination of main faults and early cessation of faulting activity,so it is a favorable area for hydrocarbon gas accumulation.Thick high-quality gas reservoirs have been revealed through drilling,leading to the discovery of the first large-scale gas field in Baodo 21-1 of Baodao sag.This discovery also confirms that the north transition zone of Songnan-Baodao sag has good reservoir forming conditions,and the transition fault terrace belt has great exploration potential eastward.

Bearings Intelligent Fault Diagnosis by 1-D Adder Neural Networks

Integrated with sensors,processors,and radio frequency(RF)communication modules,intelligent bearing could achieve the autonomous perception and autonomous decision-making,guarantying the safety and reliability during their use.However,because of the resource limitations of the end device,processors in the intelligent bearing are unable to carry the computational load of deep learning models like convolutional neural network(CNN),which involves a great amount of multiplicative operations.To minimize the computation cost of the conventional CNN,based on the idea of AdderNet,a 1-D adder neural network with a wide first-layer kernel(WAddNN)suitable for bearing fault diagnosis is proposed in this paper.The proposed method uses the l1-norm distance between filters and input features as the output response,thus making the whole network almost free of multiplicative operations.The whole model takes the original signal as the input,uses a wide kernel in the first adder layer to extract features and suppress the high frequency noise,and then uses two layers of small kernels for nonlinear mapping.Through experimental comparison with CNN models of the same structure,WAddNN is able to achieve a similar accuracy as CNN models with significantly reduced computational cost.The proposed model provides a new fault diagnosis method for intelligent bearings with limited resources.

准噶尔盆地盆1井西凹陷石炭系火山岩凝析气藏的发现与勘探启示

准噶尔盆地石炭系火山岩油气藏是油气勘探的重点领域之一。根据录测井资料、地球化学分析数据及岩石薄片鉴定资料,结合地球物理方法,厘清了准噶尔盆地盆1井西凹陷石炭系火山岩油气成藏的主控因素,总结出深层火山岩气藏富集规律,明确了有利勘探方向。研究结果表明:(1)准噶尔盆地盆1井西凹陷风城组烃源岩厚度为100~300 m,面积约为5 400 km2,整体进入生凝析油—干气阶段,生气强度大于20×108m3/km2,为凹陷提供了丰富的天然气源。(2)研究区石炭系火山岩岩性复杂,爆发作用形成的安山质火山角砾岩受到风化淋滤作用,可形成物性较好的风化壳型储层。石炭系—二叠系大型不整合面和广泛发育的深大断裂是重要的输导体系,二叠系上乌尔禾组泥岩作为区域盖层,为凝析气成藏提供了保存条件,油藏主要分布在高部位,气藏分布于低部位。(3)通过“两宽一高”(宽方位、宽频带、高密度)技术,提高地震成像精度,联合时-频电磁技术(TFEM),实现了石炭系火山岩的精细刻画,为深层油气藏的勘探提供了有力支撑。石西16井的重大突破,证实了盆1井西凹陷石炭系火山岩具有巨大的勘探潜力。

塔里木盆地顺北1号断裂带奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层结构表征及三维地质建模

综合利用地震、测井、岩心以及动态生产资料,对塔里木盆地顺北1号断裂带断控型碳酸盐岩储集体的内部结构进行了层级划分;基于层级划分,通过地震资料属性提取与转换、深度学习、基于目标示性点过程模拟以及离散裂缝网络模拟(DFN)等方法建立了三维地质模型,并以模型进行油气储量和油藏数值模拟,将拟合结果与实际生产数据进行对比。研究结果表明:(1)顺北1号断裂带奥陶系断控型储层按层级由大到小分为走滑断裂影响带、断控体、类洞穴、类洞穴内簇充填和裂缝带共5个层级。(2)走滑断裂影响带受应力差异影响具有分段性,可细分为挤压段、拉分段和平移段;断控体在拉分段发育断裂交会型、单支走滑型,在平移段发育双断裂交错型和两断裂交会型,在挤压段发育双断裂扭曲型和双断裂交会型,共有6种平面组合样式;类洞穴在地震剖面上呈串珠状反射特征;类洞穴内部分为栅体与栅间(基岩),其中栅体又可进一步分为簇(角砾带)、簇间(裂缝带),整体表现为栅状结构,簇的物性更好;裂缝带为类洞穴的主要储集空间,在簇内部比簇间更发育,在一间房组比鹰山组更发育,一间房组和鹰山组均以发育高角度裂缝为主,在两者连接处则以发育水平缝为主。(3)地质模型预测的油气储量与地质分析储量误差为1.75%,模型模拟的生产井地层压力及累产液结果与生产动态吻合度较高,拟合误差小于10%。

顺北1号走滑断裂带分段差异活动特征及其控藏效应

塔里木盆地塔中北坡众多大型走滑断裂带是近年油气勘探开发的重点,文中通过对顺北1号走滑断裂带三维地震资料精细解释,综合前人研究成果及油气勘探实践,探讨了顺北1号走滑断裂带的差异活动特征及其控藏效应。研究表明:1)顺北1号走滑断裂带主要发育于下古生界,为一条大型左行走滑断裂带,平面展布具有分层差异性,在下古生界为线性展布,在上古生界呈雁列式展布。2)顺北1号走滑断裂带分段差异活动特征明显,研究区内可划分出张扭、压扭和纯走滑等3类12段。3)顺北1号走滑断裂带经历了多期构造演化,其中,加里东中期Ⅰ幕、加里东中期Ⅲ幕、加里东晚期—海西早期为顺北1号走滑断裂带的关键活动时期,此后的深埋阶段构造相对稳定,断裂活动微弱。4)顺北1号走滑断裂带沟通了寒武系优质烃源岩与奥陶系有利储集体,断裂带的分段差异活动造成了不同断裂段的断溶体发育程度的差异及油藏规模的差异。实钻数据表明,张扭段和压扭段油气富集程度高,纯走滑段较低。此外,主断裂与分支断裂交叉处通常高产,推测分支断裂规模及活动强弱控制了其油气富集程度。

保障各种复杂故障工况下解优质率的电网故障诊断解析模型

经典电网故障诊断解析模型是非线性0-1整数规划模型,其难以精确求解,启发式算法虽能获得可行解,但求解准确性和一致性难以保证,且求解时间较长,不利于基于诊断结果的故障排查和设备运维。对传统故障诊断模型进行改进,降低了模型的复杂度,实现了目标函数的线性化,据此构建了基于整数线性规划的电网故障诊断解析模型。Gurobi具有将启发式算法和整数线性规划求解算法有机结合的优点,将其应用于求解基于0-1整数线性规划的诊断模型,解决了传统启发式寻优算法因算法自身的局限性而陷入仅获得局部最优解甚至错解、以及求解速度慢等问题。通过算例对新型电网故障诊断模型的有效性和优越性进行验证,结果表明:相较于基于遗传算法、模拟退火算法、粒子群算法等启发式算法的传统模型,改进模型求解的速度与精度均显著得到了提高。

低级别逆断层对页岩气富集高产影响研究——以四川盆地东南缘南川地区平桥东1断层为例

南川地区位于四川盆地东南缘的复杂构造区,低级别逆断层较为发育,基于区域构造分析及构造精细解释开展逆断层形成机制及分布规律研究,并结合地震属性预测、钻井、压裂及试气试采等资料,以平桥东1断层为例,开展了低级别逆断层对页岩储集性能、保存条件、压裂改造影响的分析,以揭示其对页岩气富集高产的影响。研究表明:南川地区低级别逆断层的形成主要受控于燕山中期—燕山晚期的江南—雪峰隆起的陆内造山作用的远程传导以及区域挤压应力场的变化影响,其走向整体呈北东向、北北东向,断层规模较小。平桥东1断层伴生大量天然裂缝,有效改善了储集性能,且未破坏保存条件,有利于页岩气富集成藏、地应力释放及压裂改造形成复杂缝网,实现单井高产。低级别断层附近可作为目标优选和井位部署的有利区,有效指导了复杂构造区页岩气勘探开发。

基于改进事件触发与1-D CNN的MMC冗余子模块开路故障实时诊断策略

在模块化多电平换流器(MMC)中存在大量的子模块(SM),其可靠性直接影响整个系统的安全稳定运行。本文引入了具有容错能力的新型冗余SM,并在此基础上提出了一种基于改进事件触发与一维卷积神经网络(1-D CNN)的MMC冗余SM开路故障实时诊断策略。首先,选定MMC中特定SM构成的集成单元的电容电压作为事件触发对象,大大减少了传统诊断策略中需要观测的电容数量;其次,从有效地减少计算负担角度出发,改进事件触发流程,并结合1-D CNN算法有条件地对集成单元电容电压和桥臂电流波动情况分别进行检测,构建出MMC故障实时诊断系统;最后,综合考虑故障集成单元与故障桥臂位置定位出开路SM,进而完成新型冗余SM条件下MMC的容错运行。利用Matlab/Simulink搭建的19电平MMC模型,验证了所提实时诊断策略的有效性。

辽中1号走滑断层内部结构识别及其控藏作用——以锦州A构造为例

锦州A构造的发现是辽东湾海域走滑断裂带内调节断层欠发育区的首个勘探突破,为弄清该构造成藏的主控因素,利用钻井、测井、地震等资料,对锦州A构造段辽中1号走滑断层及其内部结构开展研究,并明确其对油气成藏的控制作用。研究结果表明:地震振幅、纵波速度在走滑断层附近发生明显变化,这种变化的范围可以代表走滑断层内部结构发育的规模,从浅到深辽中1号走滑断层内部结构的发育规模变大。利用多井横向对比常规测井的密度、中子孔隙度和声波时差资料以及偶极声波远探测技术,可以识别走滑断层内部结构,随着距离走滑断层的接近,密度资料会出现先减小再增大的趋势,中子孔隙度和声波时差资料则会出现先增大再减小的趋势,代表从围岩到断层破碎带再到断层核的发育趋势。锦州A构造段辽中1号走滑断层发育由断层破碎带和断层核组成的二元结构,断层破碎带孔渗性好,是油气垂向运移的有利通道;断层核孔渗性差,有利于油气的侧向封堵。

断层封闭性评价及过断层钻井关键技术研究与应用

旅大某油田14口井于垂深847~993 m处钻遇辽西一号断层,此断层为继承性生长正断层,总体为北东走向的通海底断层。针对钻遇断层可行性和过断层安全钻进问题,运用泥岩涂抹因子、断面正压力分析方法结合实际钻井情况,对辽西一号断层封闭性进行了评价。通过分析研究,创新性地提出了过断层面钻进泥浆比重设计和过断层井轨迹优化设计的过断层坍塌压力计算方法,并依据计算结果对过断层井进行轨迹优化;形成了过断层钻井液防漏堵漏技术。研究成果为钻遇断层可行性分析、井眼轨迹设计和过断层安全钻进提供了一定指导。

“1+X”证书制度下课证融通教学改革--以《数控机床故障诊断与维修》课程为例

随着时代的发展,国家对高技能型人才的要求也在随之发生变化,2019年《国家职业教育改革实施方案》中指出完善教育教学相关标准、启动1+X证书制度试点工作、坚持知行合一、工学结合、推动校企全面加强深度合作等都说明了职业教育的发展一直被高度重视。文章主要结合《数控机床故障诊断与维修》课程的教学内容和“1+X”证书职业技能等级的要求对该门课程进行教学改革的探索,为职业院校“1+X”证书制度下课证融通提供参考。

鄂尔多斯西缘中段断裂体系特征研究

研究区地质构造上隶属于陶乐-彭阳冲断带中段韦州-马家滩褶断带,这一特殊的构造位置与演化特征,造就该区具备地热、煤炭等资源形成的优良地质条件。以往研究表明,断裂构造是地热及煤炭赋存的最主要控制因素。为解译鄂尔多斯西缘中段断裂体系特征,作者以1∶20万区域重力资料为基础,钻孔、大地电磁测深剖面为约束,利用水平方向导数、归一化标准差等各类边界识别方法,对研究区断裂体系进行精细解译,为后期地热资源及煤炭勘探工作提供依据。

涠西南凹陷陡坡带流三段扇体展布特征及有利勘探方向

涠西南凹陷陡坡带流三段近年获重大油气发现,但其沉积演化规律及砂体展布特征尚未系统研究,制约了下步勘探进程。在新钻井基础上,利用新处理的三维地震资料,综合录测井、岩心及化验分析等资料,对陡坡带边界断裂一号断裂进行精细刻画,着重对陡坡带流三段扇三角洲沉积体系开展细致分析。结果表明:①流三段沉积时期陡坡带发育大型粗粒扇三角洲沉积体系,具有“近源快速堆积、沉积响应速度快、沉积厚度大”的特点;②一号断裂于流三段初期处于分段生长阶段,扇三角洲主要呈多个朵叶体沿坡折带“斜列入湖”;③斜向扇三角洲近物源端发育相对限制性主水道,形成的近源扇三角洲侧向尖灭+上倾物性侧封型岩性油藏是下步重点勘探方向。研究成果从根本上拓展了陡坡带的勘探思路,对涠西南凹陷的下步勘探具有重要指导意义。

量子区块链共识协议、应用与展望

区块链技术通过去中心化和分布式数据库确保数据的安全性、完整性和可追溯性,其核心包括分布式账本、加密技术和共识机制。拜占庭共识协议作为核心组件,在保障去中心化网络的安全和一致性方面至关重要。然而,经典共识协议的安全性受到快速发展的量子计算威胁,并且无法突破1/3容错极限。因此,研究量子拜占庭共识协议变得必要。基于此,讨论了量子计算时代经典拜占庭共识协议面临的挑战,并介绍了检测量子拜占庭共识协议的发展历程和实用困境;重点介绍了基于量子数字签名的新型量子拜占庭共识协议,其突破了1/3容错极限,提供了信息理论安全性且易于实现;最后,讨论了区块链不可能三角对共识协议的约束,并展望了量子区块链共识协议的发展及其在未来量子网络中去中心化通信和计算的前景。

基于1DCNN-GRU的启闭机液压系统故障诊断

由于启闭机液压系统内部结构复杂,故障信号不易采集,使用AMESim软件搭建启闭机液压系统仿真模型,构建6种典型故障数据集。基于这些数据集,提出一维卷积神经网络(1 Dimensional Convolutional Neural Network,1DCNN)与门控循环单元(Gated Recurrent Unit,GRU)相结合的故障诊断方法,利用1DCNN提取信号数据的空间特征和GRU提取信号数据的时间特征,实现对信号数据空间及时间特征的融合,并对融合特征进行分类识别。