Optimized operation scheme of flash-memory-based neural network online training with ultra-high endurance

With the rapid development of machine learning,the demand for high-efficient computing becomes more and more urgent.To break the bottleneck of the traditional Von Neumann architecture,computing-in-memory(CIM)has attracted increasing attention in recent years.In this work,to provide a feasible CIM solution for the large-scale neural networks(NN)requiring continuous weight updating in online training,a flash-based computing-in-memory with high endurance(10^(9) cycles)and ultrafast programming speed is investigated.On the one hand,the proposed programming scheme of channel hot electron injection(CHEI)and hot hole injection(HHI)demonstrate high linearity,symmetric potentiation,and a depression process,which help to improve the training speed and accuracy.On the other hand,the low-damage programming scheme and memory window(MW)optimizations can suppress cell degradation effectively with improved computing accuracy.Even after 109 cycles,the leakage current(I_(off))of cells remains sub-10pA,ensuring the large-scale computing ability of memory.Further characterizations are done on read disturb to demonstrate its robust reliabilities.By processing CIFAR-10 tasks,it is evident that~90%accuracy can be achieved after 109 cycles in both ResNet50 and VGG16 NN.Our results suggest that flash-based CIM has great potential to overcome the limitations of traditional Von Neumann architectures and enable high-performance NN online training,which pave the way for further development of artificial intelligence(AI)accelerators.

Effect of endurance training on the expression profile of circRNA-lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA in myocardial tissues of mice after exhaustive exercise

Objective:To clarify the effect of endurance training on the expression profile of circRNA-lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA in myocardial tissues of mice after exhaustive exercise.Methods:A total of 45 male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into control(C),low-strength endurance training(LSET)and high-strength endurance training(HSET)groups(n=15).The mice in the control group were not conducted to platform training.The mice in the LSET and HSET groups were conducted to platform training at 30%and 60%of exhaustive exercise once a day for 5 days a week,respectively.The exhaustion exercise was performed after 5 weeks of platform training.Total RNA was extracted from myocardial tissues,and the expression profile of circRNA-lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA in myocardial tissues was analyzed using Illimina transcriptome sequencing.Results:The distance and time of exhaustive exercise were longer in the LSET and HSET groups than in the control group,and the distance and time of exhaustive exercise were longer in the HSET group than in the LSET group(P<0.05).A total of 54 differentially expressed circRNAs(28 down-regulated and 26 up-regulated),7 differentially expressed lncRNAs(all down-regulated),3 differentially expressed miRNAs(1 down-regulated and 2 up-regulated)and 99 differentially expressed mRNAs(81 down-regulated and 18 up-regulated)were identified by transcriptome sequencing(P<0.05).Interaction network analysis revealed that ENSMUSG00000113041,MSTRG.79740,mmu-miR-374c-5p,18 down-regulated mRNAs and 3 up-regulated mRNAs formed a regulatory network.GO functional analysis revealed that the differentially expressed mRNAs were mainly enriched in primary metabolic processes and macromolecular synthesis and metabolic processes.KEGG pathway analysis revealed that the differentially expressed mRNAs were mainly enriched in complement and coagulation cascade pathways,estrogen signaling pathway and glucagon signaling pathway.Conclusion:Endurance training could alter the expression profile of circRNA-lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA in myocardial tissues of mice after exhaustive exercise,and these differentially expressed RNAs form a regulatory network that affects cardiomyocyte synthesis and metabolism and thus participates in the regulation of myocardial injury.

Short-term train arrival delay prediction:a data-driven approach

Purpose-To optimize train operations,dispatchers currently rely on experience for quick adjustments when delays occur.However,delay predictions often involve imprecise shifts based on known delay times.Real-time and accurate train delay predictions,facilitated by data-driven neural network models,can significantly reduce dispatcher stress and improve adjustment plans.Leveraging current train operation data,these models enable swift and precise predictions,addressing challenges posed by train delays in high-speed rail networks during unforeseen events.Design/methodology/approach-This paper proposes CBLA-net,a neural network architecture for predicting late arrival times.It combines CNN,Bi-LSTM,and attention mechanisms to extract features,handle time series data,and enhance information utilization.Trained on operational data from the Beijing-Tianjin line,it predicts the late arrival time of a target train at the next station using multidimensional input data from the target and preceding trains.Findings-This study evaluates our model’s predictive performance using two data approaches:one considering full data and another focusing only on late arrivals.Results show precise and rapid predictions.Training with full data achieves aMAEof approximately 0.54 minutes and a RMSEof 0.65 minutes,surpassing the model trained solely on delay data(MAE:is about 1.02 min,RMSE:is about 1.52 min).Despite superior overall performance with full data,the model excels at predicting delays exceeding 15 minutes when trained exclusively on late arrivals.For enhanced adaptability to real-world train operations,training with full data is recommended.Originality/value-This paper introduces a novel neural network model,CBLA-net,for predicting train delay times.It innovatively compares and analyzes the model’s performance using both full data and delay data formats.Additionally,the evaluation of the network’s predictive capabilities considers different scenarios,providing a comprehensive demonstration of the model’s predictive performance.

How does high-intensity intermittent training affect recreational endurance runners? Acute and chronic adaptations: A systematic review

Objective: This systematic review aimed to critically analyze the literature to determine how high-intensity intermittent training(HIIT) affects recreational endurance runners in the short-and long-term.Methods: Electronic databases were searched for literature dating from January 2000 to October 2015. The search was conducted using the key words "high-intensity intermittent training" or "high-intensity interval exercise" or "interval running" or "sprint interval training" and "endurance runners" or "long distance runners". A systematic approach was used to evaluate the 783 articles identified for initial review. Studies were included if they investigated HIIT in recreational endurance runners. The methodological quality of the studies was evaluated using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database(PEDro) scale(for intervention studies) and the modified Downs and Black Quality Index(for cross-sectional studies).Results: Twenty-three studies met the inclusionary criteria for review. The results are presented in 2 parts: cross-sectional(n = 15) and intervention studies(n = 8). In the 15 cross-sectional studies selected, endurance runners performed at least 1 HIIT protocol, and the acute impact on physiological, neuromuscular, metabolic and/or biomechanical variables was assessed. Intervention studies lasted a minimum of 4 weeks, with 10 weeks being the longest intervention period, and included 2 to 4 HIIT sessions per week. Most of these studies combined HIIT sessions with continuous run(CR) sessions; 2 studies' subjects performed HIIT exclusively.Conclusion: HIIT-based running plans(2 to 3 HIIT sessions per week, combining HIIT and CR runs) show athletic performance improvements in endurance runners by improving maximal oxygen uptake and running economy along with muscular and metabolic adaptations. To maximize the adaptations to training, both HIIT and CR must be part of training programs for endurance runners.

Chronic exercise training versus acute endurance exercise in reducing neurotoxicity in rats exposed to lead acetate

After intraperitoneal injection of 20 mg/kg lead acetate, rats received 8 weeks of treadmill exercise （15-22 m/min, 25-64 minutes） and/or treadmill exercise at 1.6 km/h until exhaustion. The markers related to neurotoxicity were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. 8 weeks of treadmill exercise significantly increased brain-derived neurotrophic factor level in the hippocampus （P = 0.04） and plasma level of total antioxidant capacity of rats exposed to lead acetate （P 〈 0.001）, and significantly decreased plasma level of malondialdehyde （P 〈 0.001）. Acute exercise only decreased the hippocampal malondialdehyde level （P = 0.09） and increased brain-derived neurotrophic factor level in the hippocampus （P = 0.66）. Acute exercise also enhanced the total antioxidant capacity in rats exposed to lead acetate, insignificantly （P = 0.99）, These findings suggest that chronic treadmill exercise can significantly decrease neurotoxicity and alleviate oxidative stress in rats exposed to lead acetate. However, acute endurance exercise was not associated with these beneficial effects.

Effects of intermittent sprint and plyometric training on endurance running performance

Purpose:The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of intermittent sprint training and plyometric training on endurance running performance.Methods:Fourteen moderately trained male endurance runners were allocated into either the intermittent sprint training group(n = 7)or the plyometric training group(n = 7).The preliminary tests required subjects to perform a treadmill graded exercise test,a countermovement jump test for peak power measurement,and a 10-km time trial.Training included 12 sessions of either intermittent sprint or plyometric training carried out twice per week.On completion of the intervention,post-tests were conducted.Results:Both groups showed significant reduction in weekly training mileage from pre-intervention during the intervention period.There were significant improvements in the 10-km time trial performance and peak power.There was also significant improvement in relative peak power for both groups.The 10-km time trial performance and relative peak power showed a moderate inverse correlation.Conclusion:These findings showed that both intermittent sprint and plyometric training resulted in improved 10-km running performance despite reduction in training mileage.The improvement in running performance was accompanied by an improvement in peak power and showed an inverse relationship with relative peak power.

Hippocampal ultrastructural changes and apoptotic cell death in rats following endurance training and acute exhaustive exercise

BACKGROUND： Exhaustive exercise can lead to apoptosis of skeletal muscle cells and myocardial cells as a result of pathological changes in the corresponding cellular ultrastructure. It is hypothesized that such changes could also occur in neurons. OBJECTIVE： To observe brain cell apoptosis and ultrastructural changes in hippocampal neurons in rats following endurance training and acute exhaustive exercise. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A randomized, controlled, morphological analysis was performed at the Medical Laboratory Center of Zhengzhou University between July and November 2007. MATERIALS： Forty male, 8-week-old, Sprague Dawley rats were included in this study. METHODS： Endurance training consisted of treadmill running once a day, 6 days a week, for 4. weeks. For acute exhaustive exercise, graded treadmill running was conducted. Rats were exposed to exercise at an increasing speed （10 m/min, increasing to 20 and 36 m/min for moderate- and high-intensity exhaustive exercise, respectively, and then was continued until exhaustion）. A total of 40 rats were evenly distributed into the following 4. groups： Group A rats were not exercised; Group B rats were not trained but sacrificed 24 hours after acute exhaustive treadmill running exercise; Group C-rats were subjected to endurance training and sacrificed immediately after acute exhaustive treadmill running exercise; Group D rats were subjected to endurance training and sacrificed 24 hours after acute exhaustive treadmill running exercise. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Apoptotic cell death was detected by the TUNEL method and hippocampal neuronal ultrastructural change was observed through using transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS： All 40 rats were included in the final analysis. Subsequent to exhaustive exercise, rat cerebral cortex and hippocampal neurons appeared contracted and degenerated. In addition, high amount of lipofuscin was visible in the hippocampal region, Necrotic neurons encased by glial cells appeared in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Glial cells exhibited different degrees of swelling. Subsequent to exhaustive exercise, brain cell apoptosis rate significantly increased, and reached over 30% in some regions, compared with group A （P 〈 0.05）. No significant difference in apoptosis rate existed between groups B, C, and D （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： Endurance training and acute exhaustive exercise cause, to some degree, injuries to glial cells, resulting in apoptosis of numerous brain cells. Subsequent to exhaustive exercise, high amounts of lipofuscin appear in the hippocampus, indicating that exhaustive exercise possibly contributes to neural cell aging or dysmetabolism.

Effect of Endurance Training on the Autonomic Nervous System Function of Young Male

In this study, healthy young males were randomized into groups with moderate intensity training (n = 24), high intensity training (n = 24) and utmost intensity training (n = 24). At the end of 8-week training period, HRV measurements demonstrated a marked increase of RMSSD (P = 0.003), PNN50 (P = 0.002), HF (P = 0.002), SDNN (P = 0.002) and LF (P = 0.003) in the moderate intensity group and a decreasing tendency in LFn and LF/HF;however, in the utmost intensity group HFn (P = 0.012) decreased prominently while its LF (P = 0.032), LFn (P = 0.039) and LF/HF (P = 0.015) increased significantly. Nevertheless marked changes were not found in the above indexes of the high intensity group. While resting HR of the three groups declined significantly at the end of 8 weeks (P was 0.001, 0.0001 and 0.001 respectively);RMSSD, PNN50, HF, LF and SDNN were significantly higher in the moderate intensity group than in the other two groups (P P = 0.012) was significantly lower but its LFn and LF/HF were markedly higher (P was 0.025 and 0.015 respectively);LF/HF of both the high and utmost intensity group was significantly higher (P was 0.033 and 0.037 respectively). Despite a significant reduction of plasma NE in all the three groups at the end of 8-week training period (P was 0.016, 0, 0.031 respectively), plasma NE level of moderate and high intensity group was much lower than that of the utmost intensity group (P was 0.001, 0 respectively). Utmost and moderate endurance training results in altered sympathetic and parasympathetic balance towards sympathetic dominance and parasympathetic dominance respectively;whereas high intensity endurance training almost has no effect on ANS function. CPT and HUTT reveal the potential danger posed by utmost intensity endurance training.

Overseas Short-term Training Program for Chinese University Teacher Educators:Theoretical Basis and Course Design

Overseas three-month intra-university training program is rear in Yunnan,China.Using adult learning and social con-structivism as theoretical basis,the author,introduces the background of the program and the course design,highlighting the inten-tion for the program and similar programs.

Effect of action research-based exercise training guidance on exercise endurance and readmission rate in patients with stable angina pectoris due to coronary heart disease

Background Stable angina pectoris is a common subtype of coronary heart disease.Patients suffer from chest tightness,chest pain and crushing pain under the inducement of fatigue and emotional agitation.This study aims to investigate the effect of exercise training guidance based on action research on exercise endurance and readmission rate of patients with stable angina pectoris.Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 60 patients with stable angina pectoris due to coronary heart disease admitted to our hospital from February 2020 to November 2023.Patients were divided into a control group of 29 cases(receiving conventional exercise training guidance)and a guidance group of 31 cases(receiving action research-based exercise training guidance).Both groups received continuous training for one month.A comparison was made between the exercise endurance indicators[6-minute walk test distance(6MWT),peak oxygen consumption(peak VO2),anaerobic threshold(AT),exercise duration(ED)],quality of life,and readmission rate within 6 months after intervention in both groups.Results After 1 month of intervention,6MWT,peak VO2,AT and ED were increased in both groups,and those in the guidance group were higher than those in the conventional group(P<0.05).The score of quality of life(The 36-item shot-form health status survey,SF-36)in both groups was increased,and the guidance group scored higher than the conventional group(P<0.05).The readmission rate of patients in the guidance group was 6.45%,which was lower than that in the conventional group(27.59%)(P<0.05).Conclusions The application of action research-based exercise training guidance in patients with stable angina pectoris due to coronary heart disease has significant effects,improving exercise endurance,significantly improving quality of life,and reducing readmission rate,thus having practical value.[S Chin J Cardiol 2024;25(3):162-168]

Short-term effect of rehabilitation training on children with neuropathic acontractile sphincter incontinence

Objective To evaluate the short-term effect of pelvic floor muscle rehabilitation training under the guidance of doctors on children with neuropathic acontractile sphincter incontinence ( NASI) . Methods Sixty-eighty children ( aged 4 - 12 mean,7) years with NASI

Test of incremental respiratory endurance as home-based, standalone therapy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A case report

BACKGROUND The prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)is increasing worldwide,and at the same time it is associated with increased mortality and reduced quality of life.Efforts to build sustainable rehabilitation approaches to COPD treatment and prevention are crucial.The system of long-term pulmonary rehabilitation care is insufficient.The main reasons for the absence of these outpatient programs are the lack of experience,the lack of interest of insurance companies in secondary prevention programs,and the lack of healthcare facilities in large geographical areas.The possibility of at-home pulmonary rehabilitation models(telemonitoring and telecoaching)could solve this problem.CASE SUMMARY A 71-year-old man with severe COPD,Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Diseases stage 3 underwent an 8-wk remotely monitored inspiratory muscle training with a device based on the test of incremental respiratory endurance method.Spirometry,body plethysmography,test of incremental respiratory endurance examination,6-min walking test,body mass index,airflow obstruction,dyspnea,exercise capacity index,and subjective perception of dyspnea were performed as part of the initial and final examination.The patient performed training at home,and the physiotherapist monitored the patient remotely through a web application that allowed the physiotherapist to evaluate all training parameters in real-time and respond to any problems.After 8 wk of home training,there was a significant increase in all monitored values:maximal inspiratory pressure,a novel parameter sustained maximal inspiratory pressure,forced expiratory volume in 1 s,total lung capacity,forced vital capacity,peak expiratory flow,and inspiratory capacity.There was also an improvement in the perception of dyspnea according to the COPD Assessment Test and a modified Medical Research Council Breathlessness Scale,an increase in exercise tolerance according to the 6-min walking test,and a decrease in the exercise capacity index as a predictor of prognosis.CONCLUSION Respiratory telerehabilitation was greatly beneficial in a cooperative patient with COPD and may represent an alternative therapeutic approach to the increasing incidence of all lung diseases.

Effects of Plyometric and Explosive Speed Training on Recreational Marathoners

BACKGROUND： Plyometric training has been shown to improve performance in distance running events up to 5-km, but little research has been done on this type of training for marathon （42.195-km） runners. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of plyometric and explosive speed training （PLYO） on recreational marathoners. METHODS： Twenty-two subjects （ages 18-23）, were randomized to either PLYO or core training （CORE） for a weekly session performed for 12 weeks, in addition to marathon training. Sprint, jump, and distance running performance variables were measured pre- and post-intervention. RESULTS： In the sprint tests, the PLYO group improved in both the 200-m run （P ≤ 0.001） and 60-m run （P = 0.004）, and trended toward improvement in the 30-m fly （P = 0.051）. The difference from CORE was significant only in the 200-m （P = 0.002）. The CORE group did not change in any of the sprint or jump variables. The PLYO group was significantly different from the CORE group in the standing long jump （P = 0.024）. There were no differences between groups in distance running performance. Both improved in 2-mile （3.219-km） time trial （p 〈 0.001）, VO2MAX （P = 0.026 for CORE; P = 0.002 for PLYO）, and running economy （P = 0.01）. CONCLUSION： Weekly PLYO training improves sprint speed and maintains jumping ability in recreational marathoners, but does not augment improvements in distance running performance.

Effects of Aerobic Exercise Combined with Resistance Training on Patients with Myocardial Ischemia Caused by Coronary Heart Disease

Objective:To explore the clinical effect of long-term aerobic exercise combined with resistance training in patients with myocardial ischemia caused by coronary heart disease and its influence on cardiac function, exercise endurance and quality of life. Methods:100 patients with myocardial ischemia caused by coronary heart disease from January 2017 to January 2019 were randomly divided into control group (n = 50 cases) and observation group (n = 50 cases). The control group was given resistance training, while the observation group was combined with long-term aerobic exercise on the basis of the control group. The two groups were treated for 3 months. The cardiac function, exercise endurance and quality of life were compared between the two groups. Results:The levels of IVST (8.20+1.32) mm, LVDD (46.43+4.13) mm and LVSD (32.59+3.15) mm in the observation group were lower than those in the control group at 3 months after treatment. The level of LVEF (67.49+5.77)% in the observation group was higher than that in the control group at 3 months after treatment. The difference between the two groups was significant (P<0.05). The ET (55.42+2.9) in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). 2) The levels of ng/L and TXB2 (93.23 + 6.26) ng/L were significantly lower than those of the control group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). The 6-minute walking distance (561.25 +43.64) m and the quality of life score (95.31 +6.39) in the observation group were higher than those in the control group 3 months after treatment, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions:Long-term aerobic exercise combined with resistance training can improve cardiac function, exercise tolerance and quality of life in patients with myocardial ischemia caused by coronary heart disease, which is worthy of popularization and application.

复合式训练对飞行学员肌力及旋梯旋转耐受的影响

目的针对有运动训练基础的飞行学员肌力和旋梯旋转耐受提高训练效果差问题,研究不同体能训练方案对促进肌力和旋梯旋转耐受的影响。方法216名男性飞行学员作为被试,随机分为实验组(n=108)和对照组(n=108),采用为期12周的复合式体能训练(实验组)和传统体能训练(对照组),在干预实验前、中期(4、8周)以及后期(12周)进行肌力测试和旋梯旋转耐受测试。结果干预训练后,实验组和对照组上肢后拉、前推,左、右下肢最大肌力平均最大增长幅度分别为19.9%、18.0%,32.8%、33.2%和3.8%、2.1%,11.8%、12.1%,两组增长幅度差异显著(P<0.01);实验组和对照组上、下肢爆发力平均最大提高幅度为29.4%、12.7%和17.4%、2.9%,两组提高幅度显著差异(P<0.05);两组躯干前屈、后展最大肌力平均最大提高幅度无显著差异;实验组、对照组旋梯旋转速度平均最大提高幅度分别为29%、15%,两组提升幅度差异显著(P<0.01);实验组、对照组旋梯推算过载耐受平均最大提高幅度分别为82%、36%,两组提升幅度差异非常显著(P<0.01);各项测试数据均在8周训练结束后趋近于最大值。结论复合式训练方案对提高有训练基础飞行学员上、下肢最大肌力和爆发力、旋梯旋转耐受能力显著优于传统训练方案。

渐进式康复训练在促进乳腺癌术后患者上肢功能恢复中的应用研究

目的:分析渐进式康复训练对乳腺癌术后患者上肢功能恢复的效果。方法:选择2022年4月—2023年4月江门市妇幼保健院乳腺科收治的80例乳腺癌术后患者作为研究对象,按照入院先后顺序编号,将奇数号纳入对照组,偶数号纳入观察组,各40例。对照组给予常规康复护理,观察组在常规康复护理基础上开展渐进式康复训练。比较两组护理前、护理1个月后肩关节活动度、运动耐力、乳腺癌患者生存质量测定量表(FACT-B)评分、肩关节功能评分及术后恢复指标(下床活动时间、排便时间、排气时间)。结果:护理前,两组肩关节活动度、运动耐力指标、FACT-B评分及肩关节功能评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。护理1个月后,两组肩关节活动度优于护理前,运动距离长于护理前,心率恢复时间、最大心率时间短于护理前,FACT-B各项评分及肩关节功能各项评分高于护理前,且观察组肩关节活动度大于对照组,运动距离长于对照组,心率恢复时间、最大心率时间短于对照组,FACT-B各项评分及肩关节功能各项评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组术后下床活动时间、排便时间、排气时间均早于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:乳腺癌患者术后开展渐进式康复训练可有效促进肩关节功能的恢复,还可增强患者的运动耐力并改善其生活质量。

青少年越野滑雪运动员有氧耐力训练研究

2022年北京冬奥会上,中国冰雪健儿斩获了9金4银2铜,我国冰雪运动从弱项发展为均衡。其中,越野滑雪项目有了极大的突破,这与科学训练有着非常密切的联系。科学的有氧耐力训练法能够在有效激发运动员运动潜能的同时,增强运动员的综合能力,以此确保青少年越野滑雪运动员可以在正式比赛中取得优异成绩。该文就青少年越野滑雪运动员有氧耐力训练展开相应研究,从越野滑雪运动概述入手,简述越野滑雪运动员有氧耐力基本要求,并详细介绍了青少年越野滑雪运动员有氧耐力训练的方法。

弹力带抗阻训练对脑卒中下肢运动功能障碍患者肌力水平和运动耐力的影响

目的 探讨弹力带抗阻训练对脑卒中下肢运动功能障碍患者肌力水平、运动耐力的影响。方法 选择2021-06—2022-12在南京市江宁医院接受治疗的80例脑卒中下肢运动功能障碍患者进行研究,采用随机数表法分为试验组(n=40)和对照组(n=40)。对照组给常规运动指导治疗,试验组加用弹力带抗阻训练治疗。比较2组临床疗效、肌力水平、峰值摄氧量(VO_(2)peak)、无氧阈值(AT)、6 min步行距离、步态参数及Barthel指数、平衡功能评分变化情况。结果 治疗后,试验组总有效率85%,高于对照组的65%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组下肢肌力评分低于对照组[(1.40±0.23)分比(1.98±0.63)分],Fugl Meyer运动量表评分高于对照组[(29.87±3.58)分比(24.15±3.74)分],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组VO_(2)peak、AT及6 min步行距离分别为(20.42±1.71)m L/(min·kg)、(13.89±1.01)mL/(min·kg)、(140.56±23.78)m,均高于对照组的(18.46±1.23)m L/(min·kg)、(13.02±1.21)mL/(min·kg)、(116.58±29.61)m,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组步长、步速、步频及单支撑相水平分别为(36.87±4.71)cm、(57.78±7.23)cm/s、(69.31±5.41)step/s、(31.05±3.01)%,均高于对照组的(31.52±3.67)cm、(52.84±6.09)cm/s、(63.05±6.08)step/s、(27.21±3.08)%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组Barthel指数、平衡功能评分分别为(78.61±5.61)分、(41.15±2.31)分,均高于对照组的(67.59±6.13)分、(32.56±5.47)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 在脑卒中下肢运动功能障碍患者中弹力带抗阻训练治疗有较好的效果,可有效改善肌力水平、运动耐力水平。

呼吸训练对痉挛型四肢瘫患儿步行耐力及平衡能力的疗效观察

目的探讨呼吸训练对痉挛型四肢瘫(spastic quadriplegia,SP)患儿步行耐力及平衡能力的影响。方法选取2021年11月至2023年11月中国康复研究中心北京博爱医院SP患儿60例,随机分为对照组(n=30)与试验组(n=30)。对照组接受常规康复训练(60 min/次),试验组接受常规康复训练(40 min/次)和呼吸训练(20 min/次);两组训练频率为1次/d,5 d/周,连续4周。分别采用10米步行测试(10-meter work test,10MWT)速度、6分钟步行测试(6-minute walk test,6MWT)距离、Berg平衡量表(Berg balance scale,BBS)评分和肺活量(vital capacity,VC)、用力肺活量(forced vital capacity,FVC)、1秒用力呼气量(forced expiratory volume in first second,FEV1)、呼气峰值流速(peak expiratory flow,PEF)评估患儿训练前后步行耐力、平衡能力和肺功能。结果60例患儿中,男31例、女29例,年龄6~12岁,平均(9.0±1.7)岁。两组性别、年龄、粗大运动功能分级系统(gross motor function classification system,GMFCS)的比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。训练4周后,两组患儿的6MWT距离、BBS评分、10MWT速度、FVC、FEV1、PEF均高于训练前,且试验组均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论呼吸训练能有效改善SP患儿的步行耐力、平衡能力,提高肺功能,增强有氧运动的耐力,降低跌倒风险,提高日常生活质量。

基于预康复理念的肺康复训练在肺癌肺叶切除患者围术期的护理应用

目的探讨基于预康复理念的肺康复训练在肺癌肺叶切除患者围术期的护理效果,旨在提高患者干预前的肺功能及自我管理水平,为术后康复奠定基础。方法选择2022年5月—2023年8月吉安市中心人民医院行肺癌肺叶切除患者80例作为研究对象,按照组间基线资料均衡可比原则分为对照组和观察组,各40例。对照组给予常规护理,观察组给予基于预康复理念的肺康复训练。对比两组患者围术期自我水平能力、肺功能指标[用力肺活量(FVC)、第1秒用力呼气量(FEV_(1))、FEV_(1)/用力肺活量(FEV_(1)/FVC)]、并发症、6 min步行试验(6MWD)。结果观察组自主咳嗽依从率87.50%、早期下床活动依从率82.50%,均高于对照组57.50%、50.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后1个月,观察组患者FVC、FEV_(1)、FEV_(1)/FVC均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组并发症发生率7.50%低于对照组27.50%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后1个月,观察组的6 min步行距离长于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于预康复理念的肺康复训练在肺癌肺叶切除患者围术期的护理应用,提高自我管理水平,有利于减少并发症,促进术后康复,改善肺功能及运动耐力。