Tumor-feeding artery diameter reduction is associated with improved short-term effect of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy plus lenvatinib treatment

BACKGROUND Recently,hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy(HAIC)plus lenvatinib has been frequently used to treat unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma(uHCC)in China.In the clinic,the hepatic arteries of some patients shrink significantly during this treatment,leading to improved short-term efficacy.AIM To investigate the relationship between the shrinkage of hepatic arteries and the short-term effect of HAIC plus lenvatinib treatment.METHODS Sixty-seven participants with uHCC were enrolled in this retrospective study.The patients received HAIC every 3 wk,followed by oral lenvatinib after the first HAIC course.Hepatic artery diameters were measured on CT before treatment and after 1 and 2 mo of treatment.Meanwhile,the changes in tumor capillaries were also examined on pathological specimens before and after 1 mo of treatment.The antitumor response after 1,3,and 6 mo of treatment was assessed using the modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors(mRECIST).The relationship between the changes in vessel diameters and the short-term effect of the combination treatment was evaluated by receiver-operating characteristic and logistic regression analyses.RESULTS The hepatic artery diameters were all significantly decreased after 1 and 2 mo of treatment(P<0.001),but there was no difference in the vessel diameters between 1 and 2 mo(P>0.05).The microvessel density in the tumor lesions decreased significantly after 1 mo of combination treatment(P<0.001).According to mRECIST,46,41,and 24 patients had complete or partial responses after 1,3,and 6 mo of treatment,respectively,whereas 21,21,and 32 patients had a stable or progressive disease at these times,respectively.Shrinkage of the tumor-feeding artery was significantly associated with the tumor response after 1,3,and 6 mo of treatment(P<0.001,P=0.004,and P=0.023,respectively);however,changes in other hepatic arteries were not significantly associated with the tumor response.Furthermore,shrinkage of the tumor-feeding artery was an independent factor for treatment efficacy(P=0.001,P=0.001,and P=0.002 and 1,3,and 6 mo,respectively).CONCLUSION The hepatic arteries shrank rapidly after treatment with HAIC plus lenvatinib,and shrinkage of the tumor-feeding artery diameter was closely related to improved short-term efficacy.

The Impact of Meteorological Factors on the Short-term Cumulative Effect of Air Particulate in Tianjin

In order to reveal the rapid increase mechanism of particulate concentration in short time,a notion of short-term cumulative effect of air particulate is defined as the significant increase of pollutant concentration in a short time under the condition of breeze,stable weather and constant emission caused by human being's activities. Subsequently,an index of short-term cumulative effect is established with air diffusive equation,and then the macro-scale meteorological situation and micro-scale factors of forming the short-term cumulative effect are discussed with the observation data. The macro-scale meteorological variables contain upper-level weather situations and surface weather situations. The micro-scale factors mainly include the boundary-layer height and boundary-layer stability. The analyses show that boundary-layer factors and weather variables have a significant influence on the short-term cumulative effect. The notion of short-term cumulative effect will play an important role in interpreting the severe pollution weather.

Effect of Short-Term Exposure to Mercuric Chloride on the Air-Breathing Catfish,Heteropneustes fossilis──Ⅱ.Scanning Electron Microscopic Study of the Gill

Alterations in the respiratory epithelium of gills of a catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis by the sublethal and lethal concentrations of HgCl2 have been observcd using scanning electron microscope. Fish exposed to 0.1 ppm shows a thin coat ot mucus, but the continuous layer of mucus is not retained in 0.3 ppm after 24 h of exposure. Epithelial cells of the gill filament are hyperplastic. Other changcs in the respiratory epithelium are contraction of epithelium, formation of interlamellar bridge and diminishing number of microridges. Massive destruction of the respiratory epithelium by deep lesions and sloughing of epithelial layer in 0.5 and 1.0 ppm solutions after 6-12 h of exposure apparently causes death to the fish. SEM observations are well in conformity with the findings made at light microscopic level

Short-term Effects of Air Pollution on Mortality in a Heavily Polluted Chinese City

Since the London fog in 1952, numerous epidemioLogical studies have revealed that both short-term and long-term exposure to air pollutants is associated with the development of diseases[1]. Up to date, the assessment of air quality on health and air quality standard establishment in developing countries were mainly relied on extrapolation based on the results from long-term cohort studies conducted in Europe and North America.

Clinical Observation on the Improved Short-Term Effects of Anti-Tumor Purified Chinese Medicine Injection Ai-Jing for 138 Cases with Malignant Tumors

The subjects of this study were to observe the improved short-term effects of anti-tumor purified Chinese medicine injection Ai-Jing for 138 cases with malignant tumors. This was a multi-center clinical study, and a total of 138 patients included 96 males and 42 females, with the age from 60 to 76 years. Ai-Jing has obtained the Chinese invention patent since 2008 (ZL991-03528.3). A novel technique acupoint injection method was adopted. Except for lung cancer, patients with other malignant tumors were injected once every other day, 2 ml each time. A course of treatment needs 6 Ai-Jing injections, lung cancer patients need 10 - 20 Ai-Jing injections. At the same time, patients were treated with traditional medicine decoction. Due to the limited number of cases, cure rate, recovery rate and remission rate were calculated as a whole, respectively 18.12%, 44.20% and 32.15%. All the invalid patients were lung cancer, accounting for 16.67% of the patients treated with lung cancer, and the total treatment inefficiency was 6.52%. Conclusion: Chinese Medicine Injection Ai-Jing extracts the effective components of anti-cancer and tumorigenesis, and has the effects of anti-cancer and tumorigenesis, anti-inflam-matory and analgesic, and repairing body damage, with small toxic and side effects and low cost.

Effect of Short-Term Exposure to Mercuric Chloride on the Air-Breathing Catfish,Heteropneustes fossilis──Ⅰ.Light Microscopic Study of the Gill

Histopathological effects of sublethal (0.1, 0.2, 0.3 ppm) and lethal (0.5, 1.0 ppm)solutions of mercuric chloride (HgCl2) have been studied on the gills of the air breathing catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis at the intervals ranging from 6h to 15 days. Thickening of the epithelium, swelling and hyperplasia of the mucous cells, fusion of secondary lamellae, formation of interlamellar bridge and deposition of mucous over the entire surface are some noteworthy features of mercury poisoning in sublethal concentrations. Acute pathological manifestations are formation of subepithelial space, sloughing of the epithelial layer, hemorrhage and hypertrophy of the mucous cells. Causes and impact of these cellular alterations affecting survival of the fish have been discussed

A comparison of the short-term effects of fixed platform versus rotating high-fiexion prosthesis for the patients with osteoarthrities of knee

Objective To compare the preliminary clinical outcome between fixed platform and rotating high-flexion prosthesis following total knee replacement(TKR).Methods Form January 2007 to December 2009,68 patients with osteoarthritis of

Short-term effect of rehabilitation training on children with neuropathic acontractile sphincter incontinence

Objective To evaluate the short-term effect of pelvic floor muscle rehabilitation training under the guidance of doctors on children with neuropathic acontractile sphincter incontinence ( NASI) . Methods Sixty-eighty children ( aged 4 - 12 mean,7) years with NASI

Control study of short-term curative effect of minimally invasive total hip arthroplasty using metal-on-metal large-diameter femoral head for the elderly patients with femoral neck fractures

Objective To discuss the postoperative curative effects of two surgical techniques of minimally invasive total hip arthroplasty (THA) using metal-on-metal largediameter and conventional diameter femoral head for the elderly patients

Analysis of Short-term Heavy Precipitations in a Regional Heavy Rainstorm in Shannxi Province

[Objective] This study aimed to analyze the cause of the generation of short-term heavy precipitations in a regional heavy rainstorm in Shannxi Province. [Method] Taking a heavy rainstorm covering most parts of Shaanxi Province in late July 2010 as an example, data of five Doppler weather radars in Shaanxi Province were employed for a detailed analysis of the evolution of the heavy rainstorm pro- cess. [Result] Besides the good large-scale weather background conditions, the de- velopment and evolution of some mesoscale and small-scale weather systems direct- ly led to short-term heavy precipitations during the heavy rainstorm process, involv- ing the intrusion of moderate IS-scale weak cold air and presence of small-scale wind shear, convergence and adverse wind area. In addition, small-scale convection echoes were arranged in lines and formed a ＂train effect＂, which would also con- tribute to the generation of short-term heavy precipitation. [Conclusion] This study provided basic information for more clear and in-depth analysis of the formation mechanism of short-term heavy precipitations.

Investigation of the short-term stress distribution in stopes and drifts backfilled with cemented paste backfill

Cemented paste backfill(CPB) is largely used in underground mines worldwide.A key issue associated with application of CPB is to estimate the stresses in backfilled stopes and on barricades.Recent numerical and experimental results show that arching effect is absent shortly after the placement of CPB in stopes.However,stress decreases in barricade drift with increasing distance between the measurement points and drawpoint have also been observed,demonstrating arching effect shortly after the pouring of CPB.To explain these paradoxes,CPB is considered as Bingham fluid having a yield shear stress.Three dimensional analytical solutions are proposed to evaluate the short-term total stresses in backfilled stopes and on barricades,accounting for the CPB's yield shear stress-induced arching effect.Stress diminution due to such arching effect in the backfilled stopes and on barricades is indeed obtained.But the reduction becomes insignificant using typical yield shear stress and stope geometry.More analyses indicate that the typical yield shear stress values do not fully correspond to field conditions where the yield shear stress would increase exponentially due to apparent consolidation(loss of water by drainage,a phenomenon similar to the desiccation of overly saturated fine-grained materials).

Variation in Short-term Temperature Fluctuations Across China During the Past 60 Years

Short-term temperature fluctuations(STFs),including amplitude and frequency fluctuations,are one of the main features of weather and play vital roles in determining the type of ecosystem present.Although temperature fluctuations at different time scales have been extensively discussed,the research on week-scale STFs is lacking.In this study,we developed a method,that can quantify the amplitude and frequency of STFs by the thresholds from all years.We used this method to quantify the amplitude and frequency of the 7-d STFs from 1951 to 2019 across China.Our results indicate that the amplitude of the STF was much higher in the eastern part of China than in the western part,while the frequency of the STF was higher in the middle part than in the southern and northern parts;further-more,the STF was highly dependent on internal factors such as topography.The long-term STF mainly showed a decreasing trend before 1990,which implies that temperature became increasingly stable from the 1950s to the 1990s.The main influencing factors were related to topography since the trends were relatively consistent in space.A case study in Taihu Lake showed that an unstable STF in winter and summer resulted in a smaller bloom area in the following spring and autumn.Our method could eliminate seasonal effects and is capable of analyzing STFs at scales ranging from days to years.Quantifications of the amplitude and frequency also make the STF indicators more comprehensive.Furthermore,the STF increased significantly across most of China after 1990,which implies that temperature is becoming increasingly unstable.The drivers of these STFs are related to human impacts since the trends are different in space.

Efficacy of concurrent chemoradiotherapy with thalidomide and S-1 for esophageal carcinoma and its influence on serum tumor markers

BACKGROUND Although the current conventional treatment strategies for esophageal carcinoma(EC)have been proven effective,they are often accompanied by serious adverse events.Therefore,it is still necessary to continue to explore new therapeutic strategies for EC to improve the clinical outcome of patients.AIM To elucidate the clinical efficacy of concurrent chemoradiotherapy(CCRT)with thalidomide(THAL)and S-1(tegafur,gimeracil,and oteracil potassium capsules)in the treatment of EC as well as its influence on serum tumor markers(STMs).METHODS First,62 patients with EC treated at the Zibo 148 Hospital between November 2019 and November 2022 were selected and grouped according to the received treatment.Among these,30 patients undergoing CCRT with cis-platinum and 5-fluorouracil were assigned to the control group(Con),and 32 patients receiving CCRT with THAL and S-1 were assigned to the research group(Res).Second,inter-group comparisons were carried out with respect to curative efficacy,incidence of drug toxicities,STMs[carbohydrate antigen 125(CA125)and macrophage inflammatory protein-3α(MIP-3α)],angiogenesis-related indicators[vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF);VEGF receptor-1(VEGFR-1);basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF);angiogenin-2(Ang-2)],and quality of life(QoL)[QoL core 30(QLQ-C30)]after one month of treatment.RESULTS The analysis showed no statistical difference in the overall response rate and disease control rate between the two patient cohorts;however,the incidences of grade I–II myelosuppression and gastrointestinal reactions were significantly lower in the Res than in the Con.Besides,the post-treatment CA125,MIP-3α,VEGF,VEGFR-1,bFGF,and Ang-2 Levels in the Res were markedly lower compared with the pre-treatment levels and the corresponding post-treatment levels in the Con.Furthermore,more evident improvements in QLQ-C30 scores from the dimensions of physical,role,emotional,and social functions were determined in the Res.CONCLUSION The above results demonstrate the effectiveness of THAL+S-1 CCRT for EC,which contributes to mild side effects and significant reduction of CA125,MIP-3α,VEGF,VEGFR-1,bFGF,and Ang-2 Levels,thus inhibiting tumors from malignant progression and enhancing patients’QoL.

超声造影预测局部晚期宫颈癌同步放化疗早期疗效的临床价值

目的 探讨超声造影(CEUS)预测局部晚期宫颈癌(LACC)患者同步放化疗(CCRT)早期疗效的临床价值。方法 选取临沂市肿瘤医院收治的LACC患者65例,于治疗前1周内及体外放疗结束后分别进行CEUS检查,通过定量分析时间-强度曲线(TIC)获得达峰时间(TP)、梯度(Grad)、曲线下面积(Area)及峰值强度(PI);测量治疗前后瘤体最大径,计算肿瘤消退率。体外放疗结束后根据治疗效果分为敏感组53例和不敏感组12例,比较两组上述参数的差异。采用Spearman相关分析法分析CEUS参数与肿瘤消退率的相关性;二元Logistic回归分析筛选预测LACC患者CCRT早期疗效的影响因素;绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析其预测效能。结果 65例LACC患者治疗前和体外放疗结束后瘤体最大径分别为(60.7±14.6)mm、(31.2±16.9)mm,肿瘤消退率为(49.2±23.2)%。敏感组治疗前Grad、PI均低于不敏感组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);敏感组体外放疗结束后Grad、Area及PI均低于不敏感组,TP高于不敏感组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.001)。敏感组体外放疗结束后Grad、Area及PI均较治疗前降低,TP较治疗前升高,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。相关性分析显示,治疗前Grad、PI与肿瘤消退率均呈负相关(r=-0.602、-0.499,均P<0.05);体外放疗结束后Grad、PI与肿瘤消退率均呈负相关(r=-0.859、-0.913,均P<0.05)。二元Logistic回归分析显示,治疗前Grad、PI均为预测LACC患者CCRT早期疗效的独立影响因素(均P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,治疗前Grad、PI预测LACC患者CCRT早期疗效的曲线下面积分别为0.802、0.894。结论 CEUS在预测LACC患者CCRT早期疗效中有一定的临床价值。

贝伐珠单抗联合放化疗对宫颈癌疗效的Meta分析

目的评价贝伐珠单抗联合放化疗治疗宫颈癌的疗效及治疗过程中的安全性。方法对中文数据库维普及英文数据库PubMed等中关于贝伐珠单抗联合放化疗治疗宫颈癌的研究进行检索,收集2010—2023年相关的随机对照试验。采用Review Manager 4.2软件分析患者的完全缓解、部分缓解、疾病稳定及不良反应的发生率,绘制漏斗图评价发表偏倚情况。结果纳入符合本研究的文献9篇,共654例患者(试验组327例,对照组327例)。贝伐珠单抗联合放化疗可提高宫颈癌患者完全缓解、部分缓解和疾病稳定的发生率,不良反应的发生率与单纯放化疗相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。漏斗图显示纳入的研究尚不认为存在发表偏倚。结论贝伐珠单抗联合放化疗治疗宫颈癌的疗效优于单纯放化疗,与单纯放化疗不良反应的发生率相近。

Hyperion系统分析直肠癌肿瘤微环境与新辅助放化疗疗效及预后的相关性

目的:探索局部晚期直肠癌(locally advanced rectal cancer,LARC)患者肿瘤微环境特征与新辅助放化疗(neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy,NCRT)疗效及预后的相关性。方法:回顾性分析2020年10月至2021年4月于我院行NCRT的4例LARC患者,将26个金属标签抗体对患者石蜡切片进行标记,然后用Hyperion成像系统检测和分析标记样本,并与临床疗效和预后进行分析。结果:4例LARC患者NCRT后缓解程度及预后存在显著差异,在成像系统中观察到3种不同的肿瘤微环境特征,包括免疫细胞富集型、免疫细胞匮乏型和免疫抑制细胞为主型,CD8^(+)T细胞、Foxp3^(+)调节性T细胞、CD56^(+)自然杀伤细胞、CD14^(+)单核细胞、CD11b^(+)巨噬细胞、CD11c^(+)树突状细胞和增殖细胞抗原(Ki-67)均在各自样本中显著高表达(P<0.05),PD-1和PD-L1仅在患者2中高表达。结论:LARC患者具有明显的肿瘤微环境异质性,且其异质性可导致患者NCRT疗效及预后的差异。

半乳糖凝集素-1与局部晚期食管鳞状细胞癌患者术前同步放化疗疗效和预后的关系

目的分析半乳糖凝集素(Gal)-1与局部晚期食管鳞状细胞癌(ESCC)患者术前同步放化疗(CCRT)疗效和预后的关系。方法收集2017年1月至2022年12月期间82例行CCRT联合食管癌切除术的局部晚期ESCC患者临床病历资料。采用免疫组化染色检测ESCC组织Gal-1表达,用半定量免疫反应评分进行评估。记录患者病理完全缓解(pCR)情况、总生存期(OS)、无病生存期(DFS)。结果Gal-1表达与淋巴结侵犯有关(P=0.004),与年龄、性别、临床分期、T分期、N分期及血管侵犯均无关(P>0.05)。30例患者达到pCR。pCR患者的组织Gal-1表达明显低于未达到pCR的患者[4.00(4.00,4.00)vs.8.00(8.00,12.00),Z=-4.830,P<0.001]。Gal-1表达预测局部晚期ESCC患者术前CCRT疗效达到pCR的受试者工作特征曲线下面积为0.801(95%CI:0.698~0.904)。与Gal-1表达≥6分的局部晚期ESCC患者比较,Gal-1表达<6分患者的中位DFS更长[9.57(2.1~53.5)个月vs.22.1(2.8~55.2)个月,P=0.034],中位OS也更长[16.7(6.4~53.5)个月vs.27.9(2.8~55.2)个月,P=0.003]。单因素及多因素Cox风险比例回归模型显示,Gal-1表达是影响局部晚期ESCC患者OS、DFS的独立因素(P<0.05)。结论在接受术前CCRT的局部晚期ESCC患者中,Gal-1高表达预示较差的疗效和预后。

IMRT联合不同化疗方案在早期食管鳞癌患者中不良反应及疗效的比较

目的探讨多西他赛+顺铂(DP)及顺铂+5-氟尿嘧啶(PF)方案化疗联合调强适形放射治疗(IMRT)在早期食管鳞癌患者中的不良反应、近期疗效和远期效果。方法选取2021年1月至2022年6月安徽省阜阳市太和县人民医院收治的无远处转移食管鳞癌患者96例为研究对象,将96例患者随机分成观察组48例,对照组48例。对照组采用PF方案加IMRT,观察组给予DP方案化疗联合IMRT。比较两组患者治疗期间不良反应发生情况,以及近远期治疗效果。结果与对照组比较,放射性食管炎、放射性肺炎、血液毒性、胃肠道反应等不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义。近期疗效中,观察组治疗总有效率较对照组高(83.3%vs.62.5%,P<0.05)。远期疗效中,观察组和对照组的总体生存率、1年生存率、3年生存率分别为70.83%和50.00%、79.36%和60.23%、65.10%和35.52%。观察组中位生存时间(34.4个月)较对照组(18.3个月)长(P<0.05)。结论DP方案化疗联合IMRT较PF方案联合IMRT,对于无远处转移食管鳞癌患者,毒副作用未见明显增加,能够有效提高近远期治疗效果,改善疾病预后,可在临床上应用推广。

曲妥珠单抗联合放化疗对HER2阳性乳腺癌患者血清CEA、 CA153、ICAM-1水平的影响

目的探究曲妥珠单抗联合放化疗对人表皮生长因子受体2(HER2)阳性乳腺癌患者癌胚抗原(CEA)、癌相关糖蛋白抗原(CA153)和细胞间黏附因子-1(ICAM-1)的影响。方法按照信封抽签法将110例HER2阳性乳腺癌患者分为观察组(55例,采用放化疗+曲妥珠单抗的治疗方式)与对照组(55例,采用放化疗的治疗方式),比较两组患者的临床疗效、生存时间及质量、血清肿瘤标志物水平和用药安全性。结果对照组患者经治疗后疾病缓解率(43.64%)明显低于观察组(76.36%)(P<0.05);对照组的肿瘤总生存期、无进展生存期和QOL评分等各项数据都明显低于观察组(P<0.05);两组患者治疗后CEA、CA153、ICAM-13均降低,且观察组降低幅度更显著(P<0.05);总不良反应发生率观察组(27.27%)与对照组(23.64%)比较无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论曲妥珠单抗联合放化疗能够有效改善患者的血清CEA、CA153、ICAM-1水平,提高HER2阳性乳腺癌患者的临床疗效,且不会增加患者机体的不良反应。

Analysis of Characteristics of a Heavy Rainstorm Process in Nanchang City on July 7,2020

Based on the conventional observation data,dual polarization radar data and NCEP reanalysis data,the large-scale circulation background field,mesoscale conditions and formation causes of a heavy rainstorm in Nanchang on July 7,2020 were studied.It was found that this heavy rainstorm occurred under the weather background of the confrontation between the northward air flow behind the trough and the strong southwest warm and humid air flow to the northwest of the subtropical high.The divergence at the upper level,the shear in the middle and low levels,the southward movement of cold air at the low level,unusually abundant water vapor and high unstable energy caused the heavy rainstorm weather.In this process,under the influence of continuous eastward movement of several strong echo cells,an obvious"train effect"was formed in Nanchang,so that the local rainfall was continuous and intense.Moreover,the average of VIL was about 17 kg/m 2,and its variation characteristics were consistent with the variation trend of 5-min rainfall intensity,which had a certain indicator effect on short-term heavy precipitation.The topography of the Meiling Mountain in the west of Nanchang had a great influence on the formation and precipitation distribution of the heavy rain process.There was a strong rainstorm center near the mountain,and the precipitation was obviously larger than that in the plain area.