Ibeno, one of the major oil producing communities in South-South Nigeria is a coastal commercial fishery hub that houses Axon-Mobil operational base and pharmaceutical/plastic industries. Shrimp species (Macrobrachium...Ibeno, one of the major oil producing communities in South-South Nigeria is a coastal commercial fishery hub that houses Axon-Mobil operational base and pharmaceutical/plastic industries. Shrimp species (Macrobrachium vollenhovenii) is a major aquatic food frequently consumed by inhabitants of the coastal area and those living hinterland, thus, being a major route of human exposure to 2-methylnaphthalene, phenanthrene and didodecyl phthalate in the area. The purpose of the study was to evaluate factors that determine bioaccumulation and assess the potential cancer and non-cancer risk posed by these contaminants through human (adult and children) exposure via shrimp’s consumption using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. The associated sediment showed higher mean concentrations of 2-methylnaphthalene, phenanthrene and didodecylphthalate at the two sites relative to those in fresh shrimp samples and factors such as size, lipid content, physicochemical property and environmental condition influenced the uptake of these contaminants. Besides water loss, the traditional drying process enhanced the levels of phenanthrene and didodecylphthalate in dry shrimps most likely due to combustion process and relatively low volatility, respectively and lowered the level of 2-methylnapthalene linked to its relatively high volatility. The potential of cancer and non-cancer development in human were highest via dry large shrimp consumption and followed the sequence: dry small shrimp > fresh large shrimp > fresh small shrimp and were within the USEPA reference standards. Although children were more vulnerable, the exposed individuals may not exhibit notable health-associated adverse effects in the near future. Thus, adequate advocacy is needed to sensitize those living in the catchments who often prefer dry shrimp in their meals on the adverse health implications of these contaminants for their survival and the need to maintain the health of the ecosystem.展开更多
[Objective] The aim of the study is to compare the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD) isoenzymes in three species of shrimps Penaeus japonicus, Procambarus clarkia and Litopenaeus vannamei. [Method] The experimen...[Objective] The aim of the study is to compare the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD) isoenzymes in three species of shrimps Penaeus japonicus, Procambarus clarkia and Litopenaeus vannamei. [Method] The experimental materials were used to measure SOD activities after pretreatment, meanwhile the differences in SOD isoenzymes from different materials were assayed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). [Result] There are specific and histological differences in SOD activities of shrimps. With a similar electrophoresis pattern and migration rate, Penaeus japonicus and Litopenaeus vannamei showed remarkable differences with that of Procambarus clarkia. [Conclusion] The result showed the differences of cognation and origin of three shrimps.展开更多
The present paper reports 9 species of pontoniine shrimps collected from Hainan Island, South China Sea, by the Joint Chinese-German Marine Biology Expeditions, in which,Periclimenaeus arabicus(Calman, 1939) andPericl...The present paper reports 9 species of pontoniine shrimps collected from Hainan Island, South China Sea, by the Joint Chinese-German Marine Biology Expeditions, in which,Periclimenaeus arabicus(Calman, 1939) andPericlimenaeus hecate(Nobili, 1904) are recorded for the first time from Hainan Island.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to study the influence of Anthocidaris crassispina enhancement on the behaviors of wild shrimps and crabs. [Method] Simulation ex- periments were carried out in the laboratory to study the effe...[Objective] The aim was to study the influence of Anthocidaris crassispina enhancement on the behaviors of wild shrimps and crabs. [Method] Simulation ex- periments were carried out in the laboratory to study the effects of A. crassispina enhancement on the behaviors of wild shrimps and crabs. [Result] Penaeus japoni- cus, Penaeus monodon and Metapenaeus affinis could coexist with A. crassispina, and A. crassispina had a certain attraction to Penaeus japonicus, but no harm oc- curred. There were neither behavioral effects nor hazards between Portunus san- guinolentus and A. crassispina. Portunus trituberculatus and Charybdis feriatus might cause some harm to A. crassispina when their quantity was large, but it was not a common phenomenon. [Conclusion[ This research provided references for the bio- logical behavioristics and the further development of ecological risk assessment of A. crassispina enhancement.展开更多
RATIONALE: Crustaceans, such as shrimp, crab, crayfish and lobster, play important role in human nutrition;they also can be important causes of severe acute hypersensitivity reactions. For patients diagnosed with a cr...RATIONALE: Crustaceans, such as shrimp, crab, crayfish and lobster, play important role in human nutrition;they also can be important causes of severe acute hypersensitivity reactions. For patients diagnosed with a crustacean allergy, strict avoidance is the only proven therapy, highlighting the need for more specific treatment. Our aim was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerance of sublingual shrimp immunotherapy in Egyptian patients allergic to shrimp. METHODS: This study was intended to help in diagnosis of shrimps allergen in 60 allergic patients (subdivided to 3 groups Urticaria (G1), rhinitis (G2) & asthma (G3)) and evaluate the sublingual immunotherapy by employing skin prick test, specific Immunoglobulin E, Total Immunoglobulin E, Immunoglobulin G, Eosinophilis and Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR), before and after therapy. Inclusion criteria were a history of shrimp allergy and positive skin prick test to crude shrimp extract from two species [Penaeus semisulcatus and Metapenaeus stebbingi] at allergy and clinical immunology unit, in-Shams Hospitals. They underwent immunotherapy with extract of shrimp species and administered sublingually (SLIT). The measurement of all latter investigations for shrimp allergen on the start and 6 months after immunotherapy, as compared to placebo control, were performed. Results: The clinical response and laboratory improvement of the patients was correlated with their decline in the eosinophils (p < 0.001), total Immunoglobulin E (p < 0.001) and specific Immunoglobulin E test (p < 0.001) and with their increased in PEFR (p < 0.001) and Immunoglobulin G (p < 0.001). This study suggests that the most desenstized responsed group was rhinitis group followed by Urticaria group. Also,The more effective season induce allergy in summer (48.3%) followed by springs (28.3%) and genatic predisposition of allergic diseases was highly accepted in patients had a family history (68%). In conclusion, sublingual immunotherapy for shrimp allergy was safe, simple, uncostly, well tolerated and efficacious, gave a good results especially in the treatment of patients with allergic rhinitis.展开更多
Decapod crustaceans are one of the dominant faunal components of most tropical streams. However, several aspects concerning their biology and ecology are poorly known, especially in intertropical Africa. The aim of th...Decapod crustaceans are one of the dominant faunal components of most tropical streams. However, several aspects concerning their biology and ecology are poorly known, especially in intertropical Africa. The aim of this study was to investigate the production of the atyid shrimps in Masanga Mabe, an equatorial lowland forest stream of Kisangani region. Samplings were undertaken biweekly from September 2000 to August 2003 with Surber net in four study sites. A total of 14,878 atyid shrimps specimens were sampled, measured for carapace length, weighted and identified. Atyid production was estimated by size frequency method according to sites （1, 2 and 3）. Atyid composition showed the existence of two species： C africana （Caridina africana） Kingsley 1882 and C togoensis （Caridina togoensis） Hilgendorf 1893. Specific production ranged from 1.35 g·DM·m^-2-year^-1 （grams dry mass per square meter per year） to 8.4 g·DM·m^-2-year^-1 for C. africana and 0.95 g·DM·m^-2-year^-1 to 4.55 g·DM·m^-2-year^-1 for C togoensis. Mean annual P/B ratios varied from 3.89 year1 to 4.37 year1 for C africana and from 3.83 year^-1 to 3.98 year^-1 for C togoensis.展开更多
Clam shrimps are large bivalved branchiopod crustacean. They first occurred in the Devonian, and flourished during the Mesozoic in Asia. Fossil clam shrimps play an important role in the subdivision and correlation of...Clam shrimps are large bivalved branchiopod crustacean. They first occurred in the Devonian, and flourished during the Mesozoic in Asia. Fossil clam shrimps play an important role in the subdivision and correlation of non-marine fossil-bearing strata. The phosphatized carapaces or carapace external/internal moulds are the main objects for taxonomical studies. The delicate ornament and the ontogenetically developing morphological patterns on the growth bands of carapaces are the main fossil taxonomic criteria. While modern clam shrimp taxonomy is based on soft body morphological features and molecular data, which could not be found in the fossil records. This makes it difficult to discuss the fossil and modern clam shrimp phylogenetic relationship. Nowadays scanning electron microscopes are widely available, and can play an important role in investigating clam shrimp carapace morphology which could be common language to integrate fossil and modern taxonomy.展开更多
The morphology of larval and 1st postlarval stages of Penaeus penicillatus are described.Results from comparative studies on larval development of P.penicillatus,P.merguiensis and P.chinensis are as fol-lows: These t...The morphology of larval and 1st postlarval stages of Penaeus penicillatus are described.Results from comparative studies on larval development of P.penicillatus,P.merguiensis and P.chinensis are as fol-lows: These three species could not be identified during their naupliar stages. In the 1st protozoea,the antennule L1/L2 value is 1.7—2.0 in P.merguiensis,but lessthan 1.7 in P.chinensis and P.penicillatus;in the 2nd protozoea,the supra-orbital spine in P.chinensis isnot bifurcated,while those of P.merguiensis and P.penicillatus are bifurcated;in the 3rd protozoea,thereis a minute(or no)dorso-median spine on the posterior margin of the 1st and 2nd abdominal somite in P.chinensis,but they are prominent in P.merguiensis and P.penicillatus.In the mysis and 1st postlarvalstages,P.chinensis differs from P.merguiensis and P.penicillatus in having 9(8 in the other 2 species)longsetae on the exopod of pereopods 1—3;additionally,one dorsal tooth appears on the rostrum of P.chinensis in the 2nd mysis and that展开更多
Shrimp culture industry in China has been severely constrained by shrimp diseases,causing great economic losses.Controlling shrimp disease through immunological methods has become a research hotspot.This paper summari...Shrimp culture industry in China has been severely constrained by shrimp diseases,causing great economic losses.Controlling shrimp disease through immunological methods has become a research hotspot.This paper summarized the research results of Chinese herbal medicines on improvement of shrimp immunity in recent years,and put forward the research direction of fishery Chinese herbal preparations in the future,in order to provide technical reference for shrimp culture industry.展开更多
Plasmids pG DNA-RZ1 with a GFP (green fluorescent protein) reporter gene and a ribozyme gene incising penaeid white spot baculovirus (WSBV) were first introduced into the fertilized eggs of Chinese shrimps by gene gun...Plasmids pG DNA-RZ1 with a GFP (green fluorescent protein) reporter gene and a ribozyme gene incising penaeid white spot baculovirus (WSBV) were first introduced into the fertilized eggs of Chinese shrimps by gene gun. The treated and control samples of different development stages were observed with a fluorescent microscope. The transient expression of GFP gene was high in nauplius and zoea larvae. Results from RT-PCR and PCR for adults showed that the foreign genes had been transferred into the shrimps and had expressed the corresponding proteins. This work has established a transgenic method for penaeid shrimps, which will set base for the application of genetic engineering breeding into industry.展开更多
The increasing global concern regarding plastic pollution has prompted the research into the consequences of microplastics(MPs)on aquatic ecosystems.Fairy shrimp Branchinella kugenumaensis are freshwater planktonic or...The increasing global concern regarding plastic pollution has prompted the research into the consequences of microplastics(MPs)on aquatic ecosystems.Fairy shrimp Branchinella kugenumaensis are freshwater planktonic organisms that have existed for 250 million years.This study aimed to uncover the harmful effects of MPs,with a particular focus on their size variations(0.1,1,and 5μm),on the fairy shrimp.We focused on how MPs could significantly affect the survival and growth of fairy shrimp.Notably,larger MPs,especially those measuring 5μm,caused higher mortality rates and hindered the growth compared to smaller ones.The impact of MPs continued even subsequent to depuration in clean water.The accumulation of MPs within the intestines of fairy shrimp resulted in intestinal blockages,disrupted excretory functions,and harmed intestinal epithelial cells.Examinations at the histological,cellular,and molecular levels showed that exposure to MPs triggered necroptosis in intestinal cells,accompanied by alterations in pathways related to transcription,translation,digestion,energy metabolism,and neurological functions.Furthermore,the effects of MPs on gene expression and pathways varied based on particle size,with larger MPs having a more significant effect and causing a strong response in xenobiotic biodegradation and metabolism pathways.We suggest that the increasing severity of MPs pollution could pose a significant threat to the survival of fairy shrimp.This study provided vital insights into the complex relationship between microplastics and aquatic organisms,and highlighted the urgent need to address the potential devastating impact of plastic pollution on freshwater ecosystems.Additionally,due to their rapid growth,strong reproductive capacity,sensitivity,and ease of cultivation,fairy shrimp hold the potential candidate to serve as a model organism for studying the effects of MPs and other pollutants on freshwater ecosystems.展开更多
文摘Ibeno, one of the major oil producing communities in South-South Nigeria is a coastal commercial fishery hub that houses Axon-Mobil operational base and pharmaceutical/plastic industries. Shrimp species (Macrobrachium vollenhovenii) is a major aquatic food frequently consumed by inhabitants of the coastal area and those living hinterland, thus, being a major route of human exposure to 2-methylnaphthalene, phenanthrene and didodecyl phthalate in the area. The purpose of the study was to evaluate factors that determine bioaccumulation and assess the potential cancer and non-cancer risk posed by these contaminants through human (adult and children) exposure via shrimp’s consumption using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. The associated sediment showed higher mean concentrations of 2-methylnaphthalene, phenanthrene and didodecylphthalate at the two sites relative to those in fresh shrimp samples and factors such as size, lipid content, physicochemical property and environmental condition influenced the uptake of these contaminants. Besides water loss, the traditional drying process enhanced the levels of phenanthrene and didodecylphthalate in dry shrimps most likely due to combustion process and relatively low volatility, respectively and lowered the level of 2-methylnapthalene linked to its relatively high volatility. The potential of cancer and non-cancer development in human were highest via dry large shrimp consumption and followed the sequence: dry small shrimp > fresh large shrimp > fresh small shrimp and were within the USEPA reference standards. Although children were more vulnerable, the exposed individuals may not exhibit notable health-associated adverse effects in the near future. Thus, adequate advocacy is needed to sensitize those living in the catchments who often prefer dry shrimp in their meals on the adverse health implications of these contaminants for their survival and the need to maintain the health of the ecosystem.
文摘[Objective] The aim of the study is to compare the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD) isoenzymes in three species of shrimps Penaeus japonicus, Procambarus clarkia and Litopenaeus vannamei. [Method] The experimental materials were used to measure SOD activities after pretreatment, meanwhile the differences in SOD isoenzymes from different materials were assayed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). [Result] There are specific and histological differences in SOD activities of shrimps. With a similar electrophoresis pattern and migration rate, Penaeus japonicus and Litopenaeus vannamei showed remarkable differences with that of Procambarus clarkia. [Conclusion] The result showed the differences of cognation and origin of three shrimps.
文摘The present paper reports 9 species of pontoniine shrimps collected from Hainan Island, South China Sea, by the Joint Chinese-German Marine Biology Expeditions, in which,Periclimenaeus arabicus(Calman, 1939) andPericlimenaeus hecate(Nobili, 1904) are recorded for the first time from Hainan Island.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2012BAD18B02,2012BAD18B01-2)Public Science and Technology Research Funds Projects for Ocean(201205021-3)
文摘[Objective] The aim was to study the influence of Anthocidaris crassispina enhancement on the behaviors of wild shrimps and crabs. [Method] Simulation ex- periments were carried out in the laboratory to study the effects of A. crassispina enhancement on the behaviors of wild shrimps and crabs. [Result] Penaeus japoni- cus, Penaeus monodon and Metapenaeus affinis could coexist with A. crassispina, and A. crassispina had a certain attraction to Penaeus japonicus, but no harm oc- curred. There were neither behavioral effects nor hazards between Portunus san- guinolentus and A. crassispina. Portunus trituberculatus and Charybdis feriatus might cause some harm to A. crassispina when their quantity was large, but it was not a common phenomenon. [Conclusion[ This research provided references for the bio- logical behavioristics and the further development of ecological risk assessment of A. crassispina enhancement.
文摘RATIONALE: Crustaceans, such as shrimp, crab, crayfish and lobster, play important role in human nutrition;they also can be important causes of severe acute hypersensitivity reactions. For patients diagnosed with a crustacean allergy, strict avoidance is the only proven therapy, highlighting the need for more specific treatment. Our aim was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerance of sublingual shrimp immunotherapy in Egyptian patients allergic to shrimp. METHODS: This study was intended to help in diagnosis of shrimps allergen in 60 allergic patients (subdivided to 3 groups Urticaria (G1), rhinitis (G2) & asthma (G3)) and evaluate the sublingual immunotherapy by employing skin prick test, specific Immunoglobulin E, Total Immunoglobulin E, Immunoglobulin G, Eosinophilis and Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR), before and after therapy. Inclusion criteria were a history of shrimp allergy and positive skin prick test to crude shrimp extract from two species [Penaeus semisulcatus and Metapenaeus stebbingi] at allergy and clinical immunology unit, in-Shams Hospitals. They underwent immunotherapy with extract of shrimp species and administered sublingually (SLIT). The measurement of all latter investigations for shrimp allergen on the start and 6 months after immunotherapy, as compared to placebo control, were performed. Results: The clinical response and laboratory improvement of the patients was correlated with their decline in the eosinophils (p < 0.001), total Immunoglobulin E (p < 0.001) and specific Immunoglobulin E test (p < 0.001) and with their increased in PEFR (p < 0.001) and Immunoglobulin G (p < 0.001). This study suggests that the most desenstized responsed group was rhinitis group followed by Urticaria group. Also,The more effective season induce allergy in summer (48.3%) followed by springs (28.3%) and genatic predisposition of allergic diseases was highly accepted in patients had a family history (68%). In conclusion, sublingual immunotherapy for shrimp allergy was safe, simple, uncostly, well tolerated and efficacious, gave a good results especially in the treatment of patients with allergic rhinitis.
文摘Decapod crustaceans are one of the dominant faunal components of most tropical streams. However, several aspects concerning their biology and ecology are poorly known, especially in intertropical Africa. The aim of this study was to investigate the production of the atyid shrimps in Masanga Mabe, an equatorial lowland forest stream of Kisangani region. Samplings were undertaken biweekly from September 2000 to August 2003 with Surber net in four study sites. A total of 14,878 atyid shrimps specimens were sampled, measured for carapace length, weighted and identified. Atyid production was estimated by size frequency method according to sites （1, 2 and 3）. Atyid composition showed the existence of two species： C africana （Caridina africana） Kingsley 1882 and C togoensis （Caridina togoensis） Hilgendorf 1893. Specific production ranged from 1.35 g·DM·m^-2-year^-1 （grams dry mass per square meter per year） to 8.4 g·DM·m^-2-year^-1 for C. africana and 0.95 g·DM·m^-2-year^-1 to 4.55 g·DM·m^-2-year^-1 for C togoensis. Mean annual P/B ratios varied from 3.89 year1 to 4.37 year1 for C africana and from 3.83 year^-1 to 3.98 year^-1 for C togoensis.
文摘Clam shrimps are large bivalved branchiopod crustacean. They first occurred in the Devonian, and flourished during the Mesozoic in Asia. Fossil clam shrimps play an important role in the subdivision and correlation of non-marine fossil-bearing strata. The phosphatized carapaces or carapace external/internal moulds are the main objects for taxonomical studies. The delicate ornament and the ontogenetically developing morphological patterns on the growth bands of carapaces are the main fossil taxonomic criteria. While modern clam shrimp taxonomy is based on soft body morphological features and molecular data, which could not be found in the fossil records. This makes it difficult to discuss the fossil and modern clam shrimp phylogenetic relationship. Nowadays scanning electron microscopes are widely available, and can play an important role in investigating clam shrimp carapace morphology which could be common language to integrate fossil and modern taxonomy.
文摘The morphology of larval and 1st postlarval stages of Penaeus penicillatus are described.Results from comparative studies on larval development of P.penicillatus,P.merguiensis and P.chinensis are as fol-lows: These three species could not be identified during their naupliar stages. In the 1st protozoea,the antennule L1/L2 value is 1.7—2.0 in P.merguiensis,but lessthan 1.7 in P.chinensis and P.penicillatus;in the 2nd protozoea,the supra-orbital spine in P.chinensis isnot bifurcated,while those of P.merguiensis and P.penicillatus are bifurcated;in the 3rd protozoea,thereis a minute(or no)dorso-median spine on the posterior margin of the 1st and 2nd abdominal somite in P.chinensis,but they are prominent in P.merguiensis and P.penicillatus.In the mysis and 1st postlarvalstages,P.chinensis differs from P.merguiensis and P.penicillatus in having 9(8 in the other 2 species)longsetae on the exopod of pereopods 1—3;additionally,one dorsal tooth appears on the rostrum of P.chinensis in the 2nd mysis and that
基金Supported by Open Fund of Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology(2014HS012)Qing Lan Project for Talent Training in Colleges and Universities in Jiangsu ProvinceUniversity-level Research Project of Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College
文摘Shrimp culture industry in China has been severely constrained by shrimp diseases,causing great economic losses.Controlling shrimp disease through immunological methods has become a research hotspot.This paper summarized the research results of Chinese herbal medicines on improvement of shrimp immunity in recent years,and put forward the research direction of fishery Chinese herbal preparations in the future,in order to provide technical reference for shrimp culture industry.
基金This work was supported by the National Marine Hi-Tech "863" Project (Grant No. 819-04-08-98) and the "973" Project (Grant No. G1999012007).
文摘Plasmids pG DNA-RZ1 with a GFP (green fluorescent protein) reporter gene and a ribozyme gene incising penaeid white spot baculovirus (WSBV) were first introduced into the fertilized eggs of Chinese shrimps by gene gun. The treated and control samples of different development stages were observed with a fluorescent microscope. The transient expression of GFP gene was high in nauplius and zoea larvae. Results from RT-PCR and PCR for adults showed that the foreign genes had been transferred into the shrimps and had expressed the corresponding proteins. This work has established a transgenic method for penaeid shrimps, which will set base for the application of genetic engineering breeding into industry.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.32371704,32373178)。
文摘The increasing global concern regarding plastic pollution has prompted the research into the consequences of microplastics(MPs)on aquatic ecosystems.Fairy shrimp Branchinella kugenumaensis are freshwater planktonic organisms that have existed for 250 million years.This study aimed to uncover the harmful effects of MPs,with a particular focus on their size variations(0.1,1,and 5μm),on the fairy shrimp.We focused on how MPs could significantly affect the survival and growth of fairy shrimp.Notably,larger MPs,especially those measuring 5μm,caused higher mortality rates and hindered the growth compared to smaller ones.The impact of MPs continued even subsequent to depuration in clean water.The accumulation of MPs within the intestines of fairy shrimp resulted in intestinal blockages,disrupted excretory functions,and harmed intestinal epithelial cells.Examinations at the histological,cellular,and molecular levels showed that exposure to MPs triggered necroptosis in intestinal cells,accompanied by alterations in pathways related to transcription,translation,digestion,energy metabolism,and neurological functions.Furthermore,the effects of MPs on gene expression and pathways varied based on particle size,with larger MPs having a more significant effect and causing a strong response in xenobiotic biodegradation and metabolism pathways.We suggest that the increasing severity of MPs pollution could pose a significant threat to the survival of fairy shrimp.This study provided vital insights into the complex relationship between microplastics and aquatic organisms,and highlighted the urgent need to address the potential devastating impact of plastic pollution on freshwater ecosystems.Additionally,due to their rapid growth,strong reproductive capacity,sensitivity,and ease of cultivation,fairy shrimp hold the potential candidate to serve as a model organism for studying the effects of MPs and other pollutants on freshwater ecosystems.
