Xu Shuwei,master of school of cold-induced diseases

Xu Shuwei,also known as Xu Zike and Xu Jinquan,was from Baisha,Zhengzhou(present Yizheng,Jiangsu Province).He was a famous master of the school of cold-induced diseases.His writings included the Hundred Patterns of Cold-Induced Diseases in Rhymes(Shang Han Bai Zheng Ge),Discussing the Elaborations on the Subtleties of the Treatise on Cold-Induced Diseases(Shang Han Fa Wei Lun),Ninety Discussions on the Treatise on Cold-Induced Diseases(Shang Han Jiu Shi Lun),Zhonjing's Illustrations of 36 Pulse Conditions(Zhong Jing San Shi Liu Zhong Mai Fa Tu),etc.

SHU 9119对小鼠发情周期中Ghrelin表达的影响

为了研究SHU9119与ghrelin之间的潜在的生理学关系,本试验选择4周龄的C57BL/6小鼠下丘脑和卵巢组织为研究材料,对小鼠发情周期中SHU9119介导的ghrelin mRNA在下丘脑和卵巢部位表达水平进行研究。结果表明,正常生理条件下小鼠间情期下丘脑保持较高水平的ghrelin mRNA表达,而在卵巢内其表达水平相对较低;腹腔注射SHU9119(50μg/kg体重)可极显著抑制下丘脑中ghrelin mRNA的表达(P<0.01),同时显著促进小鼠间情期卵巢Ghrelin mRNA的表达(P<0.05)。然而,SHU9119并未引起小鼠发情前期、发情期和发情后期ghrelin mRNA表达量的显著差异。上述结果表明,SHU9119可能通过MC4R系统调节间情期小鼠ghrelin的变化,而不参与其他性周期ghrelin mRNA表达量的相关调控。

On Wisdom of "Luo Shu" and Classical Chinese Garden Art

As a thinking pattern,"Luo Shu" has been widely used in the classical Chinese garden art with its core lying in the application of nine-palace square.This paper analyzed the wide application of "Luo Shu" wisdom in classical Chinese garden art,which can be summarized into 3 respects including the creation technique of yin and yang(masculine and feminine elements) contrast,the overall-balanced gardening concept and the aesthetic pursuit in curve design.Through analyzing the application of numbers in the "Luo Shu" pattern,the application of contrast,balance and harmony in classical Chinese garden were revealed.

SHU555A标记间充质千细胞心肌内磁共振成像的策略优化

目的目前研究表明,超顺磁性氧化铁颗粒标记干细胞后,可进行心肌内移植磁共振活体示踪,但由于标记效率较低,加上大动物心电门控和呼吸控制效果较差,磁共振图像质量差强人意。本实验采用SHU555A(Resovist)纳米微粒标记猪骨髓间充质干细胞(MSCs),对标记方法和标记细胞磁共振成像进行方法学优化,以期提高磁共振成像质量。方法①细胞磁标记方法的优化:分离培养猪MSCs。将SHU555A和非特异性转染剂PLL以1:0．03的比例用无血清的DMEM培养液稀释,制成含铁终浓度分别为0、25、50、100和200 g／mL的SHU555A-PLL标记培养液,室温下轻摇混合60 min,形成SHU555A-PLL复合物,标记猪MSCs 24 h以确定最佳标记浓度;然后以该浓度与猪MSCs分别共孵育0、2、4、8、16、24和48 h,以确定最佳标记时间。反映不同条件下标记效率和标记毒性的检测指标包括:普鲁士蓝染色、细胞电子显微镜检查、细胞铁浓度测定(原子吸收分光光度仪)、锥虫蓝排除试验、细胞毒性和增殖活性测定(CCK-8试验)。②标记细胞心脏移植的磁共振成像优化:开胸结扎前降支建立猪急性心肌梗死模型10头,每头直视下经心外膜向左室梗死交界区心肌内缓慢注射(1-10)×106细胞,每点150μL,共3点。对植入猪心肌内的标记细胞进行体内磁共振成像。比较T2 * WI-Flash2d(快速小角度反转梯度回波序列)、T2*WI-MAP和钆喷酸葡胺静脉注射后T2*WI-Flash2d等3种成像方法的图像质量。结果①MSCs平均含铁量随着培养液中SHU555A浓度的增加而升高;但SHU555A浓度增加到100 g／mL时,细胞活力开始下降(P<0．01),并可见较多蓝染铁颗粒粘附于细胞表面甚至游离于细胞外;进一步增加到200 g／mL时,细胞存活率和细胞活力均下降(P分别<0．05、0．01)。MSCs平均含铁量随着共孵育时间的增加而相应升高:但共孵育48 h时,细胞存活率降低(P<0．05)。电子显微镜检查显示, 50:1．5μg／mL SHU555A-PLL 24 h标记方案在细胞和亚细胞水平未发现氧化铁的毒性作用。该方案体外磁共振T2*WI-GRE检测闽值为7．5×104细胞。②标记细胞心肌内移植磁共振成像发现,T2*WI-Flash2d图像平均评分为(2．00±0．82)分;72*WI-Map成像、钆喷酸葡胺注射后T2*WI-Flash2d图像平均评分均为(2．60±0．84)分,明显优于前者(P=0．024)。结论50:1．5μg／mL SHU555A-PLL培养液与猪MSCs共孵育24 h是合适的标记方案。1．5 T磁共振成像仪72*WI-Flash2df笋列可对植入心脏的磁标细胞进行活体显像,T2*I-Map成像、钆喷酸葡胺注射后T2*WI-Flash2d成像可显著提高图像质量。

Therapeutic effects on spastic cerebral palsy in children Acupuncture and massage at the Shu and He acupoints versus routine acupoints

BACKGROUND： Based on clinical findings and syndromes, it has been previously shown that therapeutic methods for cerebral palsy can be greatly improved by selecting fewer, but more accurate acupoints. Therefore, greater therapeutic efficacy for cerebral palsy could be obtained by selecting the five Shu acupoints, which are located at the qi-intersecting point of the twelve meridians below the elbow and knee. OBJECTIVE： To treat children with spastic cerebral palsy using acupuncture and massage at the Shu and He points through a combination of rehabilitative training, and to compare the effects with routine acupuncture and massage. DESIGN： A randomized controlled clinical trial. SETTING： Rehabilitation Center for Cerebral Palsy, Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. PARTICIPANTS： Sixty children with spastic cerebral palsy were selected from the Rehabilitation Center for Cerebral Palsy, Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from May 2003 to February 2006. There were 38 boys and 22 girls, aged 10 months to 4 years old, muscle strength ranging from grade I to grade IV. The children were randomly divided into a treatment group （n =30） and a control group （n =30）. Informed consent for the therapeutic program was obtained from the relatives of all enrolled children. The study was approved by the Hospital＇s Ethical Committee. METHODS： All children were given exercise and occupational therapy based on standard treatments. （1） In the control group, the children were additionally treated with routine acupuncture and massage during the one-month basic rehabilitative training. The acupuncture needles were manipulated alternately at the acupoints of Jianyu, Shousanli, Binao, Hegu, Huantiao, Xuanzhong, and Biguan. They were treated once per day, 6 days a week, followed by one day of rest. The children＇s limbs were first massaged by pressing, stretching, rolling, and kneading. Then, the same acupuncture points were pressed with the thumb for 30 minutes each time, once a day, 6 days a week, followed by one day of rest. The treatment continued for 1 month. （2） In the treatment group, the children were administered acupuncture and massage at the Shu and He points during the one-month basic rehabilitative treatment. For acupuncture of the upper limbs, the following acupoints were used： Sanjian and Quchi of the Large Intestine Meridian of Hand-Yangming, and Houxi and Xiaohai of the Small Intestine Meridian of Hand-Taiyang. The acupoints were acupunctured alternately every other day. For acupuncture of the lower limbs, the following acupoints were used; Zulinqi and Yanglingquan of the Gall bladder Meridian of Foot-Shaoyang, Taibai and Yinlingquan of the Spleen Meridian of Foot-Taiyang, or Xiangu and Zusanli of the Stomach Meridian of Foot-Yangming. The acupoints were acupunctured alternately every other day. Three needles were for the medial malleolus and three needles for the lateral malleolus. They were treated once a day, 6 days a week, followed by one day of rest. The children＇s limbs were first massaged by means of pressing, stretching, rolling, and kneading. The same acupuncture points were then pressed with the thumb for 0.5-1 minute at each point, 30 minutes each time, once a day, 6 days a week, followed by one day of rest. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Therapeutic efficacy was evaluated using gross motor function measurements, as well as activity of daily living scale before and after treatment. RESULTS： All 60 enrolled children with spastic cerebral palsy were included in the final analysis of results. （1） Comparison of gross motor function scores： The gross motor function score after treatment was significantly higher in both the treatment group and control group than before treatment （t = -3.86 and -8.882, respectively, P 〈 0.05）. The scores in the treatment group were significantly higher than the control group scores （t = -7.166, P 〈 0.01）. （2） Changes in activity of daily living scores： The scores for activity of daily living in the treatment group was significantly higher after treatment than before treatment （t = -3.933, P 〈 0.01）, and was also significantly higher than the control group （t = -0.671, P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： Acupuncture and massage at the Shu and He acupoints can significantly ameliorate motor function deficits and movement disabilities in children with spastic cerebral palsy. The therapeutic efficacy at these acupoints is better than routine acupuncture and massage.

THE INFLUENCE OF ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE AT NEIGUAN AND FIVE SHU POINTS OF TWELVE REGULAR MERIDIANS AT DIFFERENT TIME ON SYSTOLIC TIME INTERVAL OF NORMAL YOUNG ADULTS

The influence of electro-acupuncture at Neiguan (PC 6)and five shu points of twelve regular meridians at different time on systolic time interval (ST I) of normal young adultswere studied with 6×6 Latin square design in this work.In 12 groups according to 12 regular merldlans,the STIs were measured respectively just before and after electro-acupuncture on Neiguan andfive shu points at 00:00,04:00,08:00,12:00,16:00 and 20:00 of a day.It was found thatexcept the PEPI and PEPI/LVETI ratio among Shenmen(HT 7),Shaochong(HT 9)and Neiguan,Guanchong(TE)and Yemen(TE 2)points,the effects of electro-acupuncture at Neiguan pointand five shu points of twelve regular meridians on the indices of STI of normal young adults wereshowing no slgnificant differences.There also was no difference in different sex.But the indices ofSTI were changed when electroacupuncture on the different points of different meridians at differenttime.

CLINICAL EXPERIENCE OF TREATING PAIN SYNDROME BY SHU(STREAM)POINTS OF HAND THREE YANG MERIDIANS

This article Introduces the clinical experience of treating pain syndrome by shu （stream）points of the hand three Yang meridians.The authors used the shu（stream）points for some pain syndromes.It develops the indications of shu（stream）points which used to be only applied to heavy sensations of the body and painful joints.It is highly important for the effective result to be the contralateral puncturing combined with doing exercises and a long retaining of needlles,such as one hour.Most of acute pain can be cured by one treatment.As for stubborn pain,It can be alleviated by 5—10 treatments.

Features of Gardens of Shu Kingdom in Pre-Qin Period of China

After the illustration of Shu Kingdom in pre-Qin period, the origin of Sichuan gardens has been discussed. Through the research on relevant materials of old Shu Kingdom, and by comparing with the archaeological discovery of Yangzi Mountain Terrace, the paper has proposed that the origin of Sichuan gardens can trace back to gardens in the period of Duyu King. It is considered that gardens in pre-Qin period are dominated by imperial gardens, emperors' or aristocratic cemeteries, among which the historical function and features of Yangzi Mountain Garden, Nanzhong Garden and Wudan Mountain Cemetery have been introduced. On this basis, characteristics of Sichuan gardens in pre-Qin period have been concluded, and the grand manner manifested through "Great Stone Worship" in ancient Shu Kingdom has been highlighted.

Simultaneous quantification of five major active components in capsules of the traditional Chinese medicine 'Shu-Jin-Zhi-Tong' by high performance liquid chromatography

A simple and reliable high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） method has been developed for the simultaneous quantification of five major bioactive components in ＇Shu-Jin- Zhi-Tong＇ capsules （SJZTC）, for the purposes of quality control of this commonly prescribed traditional Chinese medicine. Under the optimum conditions, excellent separation was achieved, and the assay was fully validated in terms of linearity, precision, repeatability, stability and accuracy. The validated method was applied successfully to the determination of the five compounds in SJZTC samples from different production batches. The HPLC method can be used as a valid analytical method to evaluate the intrinsic quality of SJZTC.

New Editor-in-Chief Professor Degan SHU

Professor Shu received his undergraduate training in Paleontology at Peking （Beijing） University in 1964-1969, obtaining his Master＇s degree at Northwest University （Xi＇an） and Ph.D. in China University of Geosciences （Beijing）; he was Visiting Scholar at the Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., USA in 1988, Humboldt Research Fellow at University of Bonn in 1988-1989, at University of Wuerzburg, Germany in 1994-1995, and Visiting Scholar at Cambridge University, UK in 1998. He has been Professor of Geology at Northwest University, Xi＇an since 1992.

Shu-Gan-Liang-Xue Decoction Simultaneously Down-regulates Expressions of Aromatase and Steroid Sulfatase in Estrogen Receptor Positive Breast Cancer Cells

Objective：Estradiol （E2） plays an important role in the development of breast cancer.In postmenopausal women,the estrogen can be synthesized via aromatase （CYP19） pathway and steroid-sulfatase （STS） pathway in peripheral tissues,when the production in ovary has ceased.The objective of our study was to explore the effects of Shu-Gan-Liang-Xue Decoction （SGLXD） on the expressions of CYP19 and STS in estrogen receptor positive breast cancer MCF-7 and T47D cells.Methods：The effects of SGLXD on the cell viability of MCF-7 and T47D were analyzed by MTT assay.By quantitative real-time RT-PCR and Western blot,we evaluated the mRNA and protein expressions of CYP19 and STS in MCF-7 and T47D cells after SGLXD treatment.Results：By MTT assay,the cell viability rates of MCF-7 and T47D were significantly inhibited by SGLXD in a dose-dependent manner,the IC50 values were 40.07 mg/ml for MCF-7 cells and 25.62 mg/ml for T47D cells,respectively.As evidenced by real-time PCR and Western blot,the high concentrations of SGLXD significantly down-regulated the expressions of CYP19 and STS both in the transcript level and the protein level.Conclusion：The results suggest that SGLXD is a potential dual aromatase-sulfatase inhibitor by simultaneously down-regulating the expressions of CYP19 and STS in MCF-7 and T47D cells.

New Editor-in-Chief Professor Degan SHU

Professor Shu received his undergraduate training in Paleontology at Peking （Beijing） University in 1964-1969, obtaining his Master＇s degree at Northwest University （Xi＇an） and Ph.D. in China University of Geosciences （Beijing）; he was Visiting Scholar at the Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., USA in 1988, Humboldt Research Fellow at University of Bonn in 1988-1989, at University of Wuerzburg, Germany in 1994-1995, and Visiting Scholar at Cambridge University, UK in 1998. He has been Professor of Geology at Northwest University, Xi＇an since 1992.

New Editor-in-Chief Professor Degan SHU

Professor Shu received his undergraduate training in Paleontology at Peking （Beijing） University in 1964-1969, obtaining his Master＇s degree at Northwest University （Xi＇an） and Ph.D. in China University of Geosciences （Beijing）; he was Visiting Scholar at the Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., USA in 1988, Humboldt Research Fellow at University of Bonn in 1988-1989, at University of Wuerzburg, Germany in 1994-1995, and Visiting Scholar at Cambridge University, UK in 1998. He has been Professor of Geology at Northwest University, Xi＇an since 1992.

An Elementary Study of the Unearthed Mathematics Book, Suanshu Shu

The transcription of the Suanshu Shu算數書(a bamboo book of mathematics)in simplified Chinese characters offers a new opportunity to explore the history of Chinese mathematics in ancient times.This paper analyzes the style and structure of the Suanshu Shu and makes comparisons with the Nine Chapters on Mathematical Procedures and a number of other texts in various social contexts.It will be shown that the Suanshu Shu was compiled from at least two sources,and that no direct textual interplay exists between the Suanshu Shu and the Nine Chapters,although both share the same origins in the Pre-Qin period when the major mathematical methods in the Nine Chapters came into being.It will also be shown that the Suanshu Shu was accomplished with the methods used in certain mathematical books in the Pre-Qin period or their results,which later led to the Nine Chapters,and by accommodating the actual conditions of the lower government administration.The Suanshu Shu is significant for establishing the evolution of algorithmic mathematics from the Warring States period to the Han dynasty.

New Editor-in-Chief Professor Degan SHU

Professor Shu received his undergraduate training in Paleontology at Peking （Beijing） University in 1964-1969, obtaining his Master＇s degree at Northwest University （Xi＇an） and Ph.D. in China University of Geosciences （Beijing）; he was Visiting Scholar at the Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., USA in 1988, Humboldt Research Fellow at University of Bonn in 1988-1989, at University of Wuerzburg, Germany in 1994-1995, and Visiting Scholar at Cambridge University, UK in 1998. He has been Professor of Geology at Northwest University, Xi＇an since 1992.

New Editor-in-Chief Professor Degan SHU

Professor Shu received his undergraduate training in Paleontology at Peking （Beijing） University in 1964-1969, obtaining his Master＇s degree at Northwest University （Xi＇an） and Ph.D. in China University of Geosciences （Beijing）; he was Visiting Scholar at the Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., USA in 1988, Humboldt Research Fellow at University of Bonn in 1988-1989, at University of Wuerzburg, Germany in 1994-1995, and Visiting Scholar at Cambridge University, UK in 1998. He has been Professor of Geology at Northwest University, Xi＇an since 1992.

Tao, Virtue, Benevolence, Righteousness and Propriety:On the Core Values of Shu School

The core concepts of Confucianism were developed over the change of the times by Confucian scholars after Zi Si and Mencius, and have formed their respective structures: The three great principles of "benevolence, wisdom and bravery," and the self-cultivation model of "benevolence, righteousness and propriety" by Confucius. Following Confucius, Zi Si vigorously advocated the five virtues of "benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom and sage."Mencius initiated the four cardinal virtues of "benevolence, righteousness, propriety and wisdom."Xun Zi often constructed the collocation of "benevolence and righteousness, rites and music, and loyalty and trustworthiness."Dong Zhongshu finally developed the five constant virtues of "benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom, and trustworthiness."In a simple, clear, practical and feasible way, the core values of Confucianism have won support among the people and have had an impact on Chinese society for more than two thousand years. Being open and inclusive, the connotation of Confucianism took advantage of the strengths of different schools of philosophy in ancient China, and adopted changes from philosophies with positive attitudes. The Bashu area, in the southwest of China, has inherited the tradition of adhering to the Tao(natural order of the Universe) and valuing morality. Shu scholars have creatively built the core values of "the Tao, virtue, benevolence, righteousness and propriety," and developed a characteristic branch of philosophy above and beyond the Confucian scholars of the Central Plains. This concept stems from Yan Junping of the Western Han Dynasty, promoted by Yang Xiong, developed by Zhao Rui of the Tang Dynasty, Zhang Shangying and Su Dongpo of the Song Dynasty, and Lai Zhide of the Ming Dynasty, then further developed by Liu Yuan and Duan Zhengyuan of the Qing Dynasty, and formed the persistent system of core values of the Shu School. Compared with the values of orthodox Confucianism, the core values of the Shu School have the functions of"a unity of metaphysics and physics"and"a combination of theory and practice,"which remedy the lack of Confucianism's ultimate concern for ontology and the lack of Taoism's realistic concern for practicality.

Study on Lin Shu’s“Mistranslation”From the Perspective of Translation Ethics

From the appearance of ethics,it has the similar meaning of morality,but the latter one emphasizes more on the study of human’s behaviors,while the ethics would focus on the discussion of moral ethical norms for individuals and the whole society.As one of the most influential translators in late Qing China,Lin Shu makes his great efforts on introducing western literature and new thoughts to China.Referring to the study of Lin’s translations,it always mixed with praises and criticisms,therefore the“faithfulness”in his translations or not would be the main point to discuss.From the perspective of translation ethics,it is mainly explored the cause of“mistranslation”in Lin Shu’s translated works in late Qing China.

New Editor-in-Chief Professor Degan SHU

Professor Shu received his undergraduate training in Paleontology at Peking （Beijing） University in 1964-1969, obtaining his Master＇s degree at Northwest University （Xi＇an） and Ph.D. in China University of Geosciences （Beijing）; he was Visiting Scholar at the Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., USA in 1988, Humboldt Research Fellow at University of Bonn in 1988-1989, at University of Wuerzburg, Germany in 1994-1995, and Visiting Scholar at Cambridge University, UK in 1998. He has been Professor of Geology at Northwest University, Xi＇an since 1992.

Wang Shumao:Working to Improve Security and Life in South China Sea

FISHING has provided a livelihood for Wang Shumao and his ancestors for generations.But besides being a fisherman,he is also concerned about marine ecology and sees protection of the South China Sea as his lifelong mission.