Y/Al-5Ti-1B复合变质对Al-7Si合金微观组织和力学性能的影响

在传统铸造Al-Si合金中存在的粗大树枝晶α-Al相以及针状共晶Si严重割裂基体,显著降低合金的力学性能。为细化Al-Si合金的组织,提升其力学性能,本文使用扫描电镜(SEM)、电子探针(EPMA)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)以及万能材料试验机,研究了不同添加量Y/Al-5Ti-1B变质剂(Al-5Ti-1B均为2%,稀土Y分别为0.05%、0.1%、0.2%、0.3%、0.4%、0.5%,质量分数)对Al-7Si合金微观组织和力学性能的影响,并探究了其对Al-7Si合金的变质机理。实验结果表明,当Al-5Ti-1B含量为2%、稀土Y含量为0.4%时,变质效果最佳,共晶Si由粗大针状变为细小颗粒状,长和宽分别减小至2.7和0.8μm,相较于未经变质处理的Al-7Si合金,减小了90.6%和4.7%。合金抗拉强度由原来的168.1 MPa提升至209.1 MPa,增加了24.4%。同时伸长率从6.23%提升至9.62%,增长了54.4%。此外,合金的断裂方式也从脆性断裂转变为韧-脆混合断裂。

Effect of Al2O3np on the Properties and Microstructure of B4Cp/Al Composites

Aluminum-matrix boron carbide (B4Cp/Al) is a kind of neutron absorbing material widely used in nuclear spent fuel storage. In order to improve the tensile property of B4Cp/Al composites, a new type of nano-Al2O3 particle (Al2O3np) reinforced B4Cp/Al + Al2O3np composites were prepared by powder metallurgy method. The Monte Carlo particle transport program (MCNP) was used to determine the influence of Al2O3np on the thermal neutron absorptivity of composites. The universal material testing machine and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to study the mechanical properties, microstructure and fracture morphology of B4Cp/Al composites. The results indicated that the neutron absorption properties of B4Cp/Al composites were not affected by the addition of nano-Al2O3 particles in the range of 1 wt%-15 wt%. The addition of Al2O3np can obviously reduce the grain size of B4Cp/Al matrix metals thus improve the tensile strength of the composites. The addition threshold of Al2O3np is about 2.5 wt%. Both B4Cp and Al2O3np change the fracture characteristics of the composites from toughness to brittleness, and the latter is more important.

选区激光熔化成形TiB_(2)/Al-Si-Mg大尺寸复杂构件

选区激光熔化(SLM)成形大尺寸复杂构件厚度多样、成形高度较高、方向复杂,需要研究构件微观组织均匀性和力学性能稳定性。本文以SLM成形TiB_(2)/Al-Si-Mg复合材料为研究对象,分析复合材料多级微观组织,对比不同成形厚度、高度、方向下复合材料的力学性能。结果表明:复合材料表现出熔池特征结构,细小等轴晶粒组织均匀分布且随机取向,纳米TiB_(2)颗粒在材料内部弥散分布。随成形厚度增加,复合材料伸长率保持稳定,抗拉强度受本征热处理影响略微增大;在不同成形高度下,复合材料抗拉强度和伸长率保持稳定;在不同成形方向下,复合材料抗拉强度保持稳定,伸长率受熔池结构影响在水平方向略高。基于以上结果,成功制备大飞机舱门铰链臂(588 mm×318 mm×470 mm)复杂结构件。

固溶时间对Ti@(Al-Si-Ti)_(p)/A356复合材料组织及力学性能的影响

采用粉末触变成形技术制备了原位自生心-壳结构增强A356铝基复合材料,并研究了固溶时间对Ti@(Al-Si-Ti)_(p)/A356复合材料显微其组织及力学性能的影响。结果表明,随着固溶时间增加,初生α-Al相颗粒粗化长大;共晶Si相不断溶解,晶界上残余的共晶Si粗化、球状化;Al基体、Ti心部继续反应,增强体颗粒壳层发生相转变。复合材料在545℃固溶处理1 h时,力学性能达到峰值,其抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率分别为263.9 MPa、175.1 MPa、20%,比制备态复合材料分别提高了7.3%、21.4%和12.4%,维氏硬度也从59.3 HV提高到72.8 HV。

面向高频应用的Fe-Si-Al软磁粉芯制备工艺改进及性能表征

为了提升Fe-Si-Al软磁粉芯的抗饱和性能,解决高频下产生较大的磁损耗等问题,本研究利用Al3+水解法制备了氧化铝包覆小粒径Fe-Si-Al粉末制备软磁粉芯工艺,探究了铝源液中氧化铝含量和成型压强对软磁粉芯高频磁性能的影响。运用扫描电子显微镜对经不同氧化铝含量的铝源液水解物包覆处理的Fe-Si-Al粉末表面形貌进行了表征,借助傅里叶红外光谱仪对包覆层成分进行分析。结果表明随着氧化铝含量增加,由包覆层引起的结构退磁场逐渐增大,软磁粉芯的有效磁导率减小,抗磁饱和性能改善;成型压强主要通过影响粉芯内部的气隙率和包覆层的质量来影响粉芯磁性能,压强越大,气隙率越小,有效磁导率越大,但压强过大会破坏粉末表面包覆层,恶化磁性能。经测定氧化铝含量为2.0 wt%、成型压强为1 860 MPa时获得的软磁粉芯的有效磁导率约为60;外加直流磁场强为8 000 A/m时,粉芯的有效磁导率百分比(%μe)高达63.84%;200 kHz/50 mT条件下磁损耗为235.7 mW/cm^(3)。

高体分SiCp/Al复合材料的热加工特性研究

利用Gleeble-1500型热模拟试验机,在变形温度420~540℃、应变速率0.003~0.100 s-1的条件下对真空热压法制备的25vol%SiCp/Al-30Si复合材料进行了等温热压缩试验,建立了基于峰值应力的包含Arrhenius项同时考虑应变、应变速率及温度影响的本构方程,观察了复合材料压缩变形前后的组织形貌。结果表明:25vol%SiCp/Al-30Si复合材料的流变应力随变形温度的升高而降低,随应变速率的增加而升高,显示为较强的变形温度与应变速度敏感性。通过线性回归分析计算了复合材料的应变指数n以及变形激活能Q,复合材料的热压缩流变应力可用包含Zener-Hollomon参数的双曲线正弦关系来描述。复合材料在低温热压缩变形中发生了伪塑性变形,温度不低于540℃、应变速率0.003~0.010 s-1条件下热加工可修复和改善复合材料的空洞和颗粒区域性分布不均。

Microstructure and dry sliding wear behavior of cast Al-Mg_2Si in-situ metal matrix composite modified by Nd

The microstructure and dry sliding wear behav- ior of cast Al-18 wt% MgaSi in-situ metal matrix com- posite modified by Nd were investigated. Experimental results show that, after introducing a proper amount of Nd, both primary and eutectic Mg2Si in the Al-18 wt% Mg2Si composite are well modified. The morphology of primary Mg2Si is changed from irregular or dendritic to polyhedral shape, and its average particle size is signifi- cantly decreased. Moreover, the morphology of the eutectic MgzSi phase is altered from flake-like to very short fibrous or dot-like. The wear rates and friction coefficient of the composites with Nd are lower than those without Nd. Furthermore, the addition of 0.5 wt% Nd changes the wear mechanism of the composite from the combination of abrasive, adhesive, and delamination wear without Nd into a single mild abrasion wear with 0.5 wt% Nd.

Effect of SiC particle addition on microstructure of Mg_2Si/Al composite

In the present study, by adding SiC particles into Al-Si-Mg melt, Mg2Si and SiC particles hybrid reinforced Al matrix composites were fabricated through the Mg2Si in situ synthesis in melt combined with the SiC ex situ stir casting. The as-cast microstructure containing primary Mg2Si and SiC particles that distribute homogenously in Al matrix was successfully achieved. The effects of SiC particle addition on the microstructure of Mg2Si/Al composites were investigated by using scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and XRD. The results show that, with increasing the fraction of the SiC particles from 5wt.% to 10wt.%, the morphologies of the primary Mg2Si particulates in the prepared samples remain polygonal, but the size of the primary phase decreases slightly. However, when the SiC particle addition reaches 15wt.%, the morphologies of the primary Mg2Si particulates change partially from polygonal to quadrangular with a decrease in size from 50 μm to 30 μm. The size of primary Al dendrites decreases with increasing fraction of the SiC particles from 0wt.% to 15wt.%. The morphology of the eutectic Mg2Si phase changes from a fi ber-form to a short fi ber-form and/or a dot-like shape with increasing fraction of the SiC particles. Furthermore, no signifi cant change in dendrite arm spacing(DAS) was observed in the presence of SiC particles.

Effect of mixed rare earth oxides and CaCO_3 modification on the microstructure of an in-situ Mg_2Si/Al-Si composite

The effects of mixed rare earth oxides and CaCO3 on the microstructure of an in-situ Mg2Si/Al-Si hypereutectic alloy composite were investigated by optical microscope,scanning electron microscope,and energy dispersive spectrum analysis. The results showed that the morphol-ogy of the primary Mg2Si phase particles changed from irregular or crosses to polygonal shape,their sizes decreased from 75 μm to about 25 μm,and the compound of both the oxide and CaCO3 was better than either the single mixed rare earth o...

Study on in-situ Mg_2Si/Al-Si composites with different compositions

Effects of chemical composition and heat treatment on microstructures and mechanical properties of in-situ Mg2Si/Al-Si composites were investigated.It was found that,in the microstructure of an Al-5.7wt% Mg2Si composite with 8.2wt% extra Si,the binary eutectic Mg2Si locates at the grain boundaries with an undeveloped Chinese script-like morphology,and the primary α-Al is formed into a cell structure due to the selective modif ication effect of the modif iers of mischmetal and Strontium salt;whereas in the composite with a near Al-Mg2Si eutectic composition and little extra Si content,the intercrescence eutectic Mg2Si formed with the binary eutectic α-Al grows into integrated Chinese script-like shape.As Si content increases,the eutectic Mg2Si dendrite becomes coarser in morphology but less in volume fraction.Hardness and tensile strength of the cast Mg2Si/Al-Si composites do not increase with increasing of Mg content,but they are related to the size and morphology of the eutectic and primary Mg2Si phases.Heat treatment with optimal parameters is an effective way to improve the properties of the in-situ composites.

Wear mechanism for spray deposited Al-Si/SiC_p composites under dry sliding condition

Al-Si/15%SiCp(volume fraction) composites with different silicon contents were fabricated by spray deposition technique, and typical microstructures of these composites were studied by optical microscopy(OM). Dry sliding wear tests were carried out using a block-on-ring wear machine to investigate the effect of applied load range of 10-220 N on the wear and friction behavior of these composites sliding against SAE 52100 grade bearing steel. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis(EDAX) were utilized to examine the morphologies of the worn surfaces in order to observe the wear characteristics and investigate the wear mechanism. The results show that the wear behavior of these composites is dependent on the silicon content in the matrix alloy and the applied load. Al-Si/15%SiCp composites with higher silicon content exhibit better wear resistance in the applied load range. Under lower loads, the major wear mechanisms are oxidation wear and abrasive wear for all tested composites. Under higher loads, severe adhesive wear becomes the main wear mechanisms for Al-7Si/15%SiCp and Al-13Si/15%SiCp composites, while Al-20Si/15%SiCp presents a compound wear mechanism, consisting of oxidation, abrasive wear and adhesion wear.

Centrifugal casting processes of manufacturing in situ functionally gradient composite materials of Al-19Si-5Mg alloy

Cylindrical components of in situ functionally gradient composite materials of Al-19Si-5Mg alloy were manufactured by centrifugal casting. Microstructure characteristics of the manufactured components were observed and the effects of the used process factors on these characteristics were analyzed. The results of observations shows that, in thickness, the components possess microstructures accumulating lots of Mg2Si particles and a portion of primary silicon particles in the inner layer, a little MgzSi and primary silicon particles in the outer layer, and without any Mg2Si and primary silicon particle in the middle layer. The results of the analysis indicate that the rotation rate of centrifugal casting, mould temperature, and melt pouring temperature have evidently affected the accumulation of the second phase particles. Also, the higher the centrifugal rotation rate, mould temperature, and melt pouring temperature are, the more evident in the inner layer the degree of accumulation of Mg2Si and primary silicon particles is.

Microstructure evolution of rare earth Pr modified alumina-silicate short fiber-reinforced Al-Si metal matrix composites

Al-Si metal matrix composites (MMCs) reinforced with 20 vol.% alumina-silicate shot fibers (Al2O3-SiO2(sf)) were fabricated by an infiltration squeeze method. Pure Pr metal was added into these composites. The effect of Pr addition on the microstructure evolution of Al-Si MMCs was investigated by SEM,TEM,and EDS. Pr addition is favorable to make uniform microstructures with the modified eutectic Si crystal. PrAlSi phase with high contents of Pr and Si is observed on the interface between the fiber and the m...

Effect of Sb on microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg_2Si/Al-Si composites

The effect of Sb on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg2Si/Al-Si composites was investigated.The results show that Sb can improve the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg2Si/Al-Si composites.When the content of Sb is 0.4%,the morphology of primary Mg2Si changes from dendrites to fine particles,the average size of Mg2Si particles is refined from 52 to 25μm,and the ultimate tensile strength and elongation of the composites increase from 102.1 MPa and 0.26% to 138.6 MPa and 0.36%,respectively.The strengthening mechanism can be attributed to the fine-grain strengthening.However,excessive Sb is disadvantageous to the modification of the composites.

The evolution of microstructure and mechanical properties during high-speed direct-chill casting in different Al–Mg_2Si in situ composites

The effect of high-speed direct-chill(DC) casting on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al–Mg_2Si in situ composites and AA6061 alloy was investigated. The microstructural evolution of the Al–Mg_2Si composites and AA6061 alloy was examined by optical microscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM) and transmission electron microscopy(TEM). The results revealed that an increase of the casting speed substantially refined the primary Mg_2Si particles(from 28 to 12 μm), the spacing of eutectic Mg_2Si(from 3 to 0.5 μm), and the grains of AA6061 alloy(from 102 to 22 μm). The morphology of the eutectic Mg_2Si transformed from lamellar to rod-like and fibrous with increasing casting speed. The tensile tests showed that the yield strength, tensile strength, and elongation improved at higher casting speeds because of refinement of the Mg_2Si phase and the grains in the Al–Mg_2Si composites and the AA6061 alloy. High-speed DC casting is demonstrated to be an effective method to improve the mechanical properties of Al–Mg_2Si composites and AA6061 alloy billets.

AN IN SITU SURFACE COMPOSITE AND GRADIENT MATERIAL OF Al-Si ALLOY PRODUCED BY ELECTROMAGNETIC FORCE

Because of the different conductivities between the primary phase (low electric conduc tivity) and the metal melt, electromagnetic force scarcely acts on the primary phase. Thus, an electromagnetic repulsive force applied by the metal melt exerts on the pri mary phase when the movement of the melt in the direction of electromagnetic force is limited. As a result, the repulsive force exerts on the primary phase to push them to move in the direction opposite to that of the electromagnetic force when the metal melt with primary phase solidifies under an electromagnetic force field. Based on this, a new method for production of in situ surface composite and gradient material by electromagnetic force is proposed. An in situ primary Si reinforced surface composite of Al-15wt%Si alloy and gradient material of Al-l9wt%Si alloy were produced by this method. The microhardness of the primary Si is HV1320. The reinforced phase size is in the range from 40μm to 100μm. The wear resistance of Al-Si alloy gradient material can be more greatly increased than that of their matrix material.

Si-Al-Ir Oxidation Resistant Coating for Carbon/Carbon Composites by Slurry Dipping

A Si-Al-lr oxidation resistant coating was prepared for SiC coated carbon/carbon composites by slurry dipping. The phase composition, microstructure and oxidation resistance of the as-prepared Si-Al-lr coating were studied by XRD （X-ray diffraction）, SEM （scanning electron microscopy）, and isothermal oxidation test at 1773 K in air, respectively. The surface of the as-prepared Si-Al-lr coating was dense and the thickness was approximately 100 um. Its anti-oxidation property was superior to that of the inner SiC coating. The weight loss of SiC/Si- Al-lr coated carbon/carbon composites was less than 5 wt. pct after oxidation at 1773 K in air for 79 h. The local oxidation defects in the coating may result in the failure of the SiC/Si-Al-Ir coating.

Application of ceramic short fiber reinforced Al alloy matrix composite on piston for internal combustion engines

The preparation and properties of ceramic short fiber reinforced Al-Si alloy matrix composite and it's application on the piston for internal combustion engines are presented. Alumina or aluminosilicatefiibers reinforced Al-Si alloy matrix composite has more excellent synthetical properties at elevated temperature than the matrix alloys. A partially reinforced Al-Si alloy matrix composite piston produced by squeeze casting technique has a firm interface between reinforced and unreinforced areas, low reject rate and good technical tolerance. As a new kind of piston material, it has been used for mass production of about 400,000 pieces of automobile engines piston. China has become one of a few countries in which aluminum alloy matrix composite materials have been used in automobile industry and attained industrialization.

SOLIDIFYING STRUCTURES OF Al_2O_3 SHORT FIBER／Al－Si ALLOY MATRIX COMPOSITE PREPARED BY SQUEEZE CASTING

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Effect of rare earth Pr on microstructure and mechanical properties of Al_2O_3-SiO_2(sf)/Al-Si composites

The Al2O3-SiO2(sf)(volume fraction,20%)/Al-12.6Si metal matrix composites(MMCs)with or without rare earth Pr addition were fabricated by infiltration squeeze method.Effect of Pr addition on microstructures and fractographs of Al-Si MMCs was investigated by SEM and TEM.Tensile properties at room temperature and 200℃were tested.It is shown that the addition of Pr is favorable to produce uniform microstructures and modify the eutectic Si crystal effectively.Compounds/intermetallics with high content of Pr are formed at the interface between short fiber and matrix.Yield strength(σ 0.2 ),ultimate tensile strength(σ b)and fracture elongation of Al-Si MMCs are improved by adding suitable amount of Pr.Compared with those values of Al-Si based MMC at 200 ℃,σ 0.2 andσ bof MMC with 0.29%Pr are increased by 33%and 55%,respectively.The tensile fracture surface of Al-Si MMCs with Pr addition presents ductile fracture features.